摘要
目的了解家长的营养素养对学龄前儿童饮食行为的影响,为指导家园开展食育实践提供参考。方法2021年9—11月,采用整群抽样法对上海市中心城区和郊区的19所幼儿园中班学生共2027名儿童家长进行电子问卷调查,采用SPSS 25.0软件对家长营养素养现状以及对幼儿饮食行为的影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果中心城区和郊区家长的营养素养差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.250,P=0.002)。不同层次学历的家长营养素养差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.276,P=0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,家长营养认知高(OR=1.533,95%CI:1.175~2.001)、具有配餐知识(OR=1.481,95%CI:1.045~2.099)、无明显挑食行为(OR=1.591,95%CI:1.265~2.000)、与幼儿一起进食早餐频率高(OR=1.790,95%CI:1.439~2.227),引导孩子参与垃圾分类活动(OR=19.870,95%CI:11.065~35.679)、引导孩子参与种植活动(OR=2.501,95%CI:1.797~3.482),孩子的饮食行为更加健康。结论提升家长的营养素养及鼓励幼儿与食物互动有助于学龄前儿童形成良好的饮食行为,幼儿园及儿童保健相关工作者等在未来需要针对家长开展更多饮食健康的教育与实践。
Objective To understand the influence of parents'nutritional literacy on the eating behavior of preschool children,and to provide reference for guiding the Diet Education.Methods From September to November 2021,a cluster sampling method was used to conduct an electronic questionnaire survey among 2027 parents of middle class students from 19 kindergartens in downtown and suburban of Shanghai.SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the status quo of parents'nutritional literacy and the factors affecting children's eating behaviors.Results The difference of nutrition literacy among parents in different district was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.250,P=0.002).The difference of nutrition literacy among parentsin different educational degree was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.276,P=0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that parents who had high nutrition cognition(OR=1.533,95%CI:1.175-2.001),knowledge of nutrition recipe(OR=1.481,95%CI:1.045-2.099),and no obvious picky eating behavior(OR=1.591,95%CI:1.265-2.000),sharing breakfast with children frequently(OR=1.790,95%CI:1.439-2.227),guiding children to participate in garbage sorting activities(OR=19.870,95%CI:11.065-35.679),guiding children to participate in planting activities(OR=2.501,95%CI:1.797-3.482)were associated with better children's eating behaviors.Conclusion Improving parents'nutritional literacy and encouraging children to interact with food can help preschool children form good eating behaviors.Kindergartens and child health care workers need to carry out more education and practice of healthy diet for parents in the future.
作者
赵文秀
杨万龄
赵勇
ZHAO Wen-xiu;YANG Wan-ling;ZHAO Yong(College of Public Administration,Shanghai Open University,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2023年第5期454-457,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31972188)
上海开放大学青年项目(QN1905)
关键词
营养素养
学龄前儿童
饮食行为
回归分析
Nutrition literacy
Preschool children
Eating behavior
Regression analysis
