New powdered sorbent Lignosorb based on the hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin has been developed at the Belarusian State University. Hydrolysis lignin is a commercial waste product of biomass processing in the hydrolysi...New powdered sorbent Lignosorb based on the hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin has been developed at the Belarusian State University. Hydrolysis lignin is a commercial waste product of biomass processing in the hydrolysis production of ethanol. In spite of the various proposals for hydrolysis lignin usage, the wide application has not found yet. Special area of hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin usage as a sorbent for oil spills removal and oil products waste recovery is discussed. Lignosorb, thanks to the rather high bulk density, can be applied manually or mechanically by conventional sprayers. It does not sink after oil adsorption and transforms liquid oil film on the water surface into the solid mass. The solid product is a complete mass and is easily collected from the surface of water. Lignosorb when blended with oil products waste in the volume forms the granular free-running product. The rheological properties of the Lignosorb suspensions in oil products at different sorbent to oil product ratio have been estimated. Saturated by different oil products Lignosorb one can granulate or pellet and utilize as a composite solid fuel including the co-firing regime of combustion. It has the higher heating value of 32.1 - 38.8 MJ/kg while the coal has 20.9 - 30.1 MJ/kg. It has been shown that composite fuel burning has less longstanding inflammation stage, more long stable burning stage and less longstanding phase of smoldering in the comparison to wood and Lignosorb burning.展开更多
The study of the rheological properties of aqueous solutions of corn starch (CS) blends with sodium alginate (SA) and agar-agar (AA) as well as the physical and mechanical properties of bicomponent films on their basi...The study of the rheological properties of aqueous solutions of corn starch (CS) blends with sodium alginate (SA) and agar-agar (AA) as well as the physical and mechanical properties of bicomponent films on their basis has been carried out. The data show that adding of both polymers to starch solution causes an increase in viscosity which is higher in the case of SA. Activation energy for viscosity flow of solutions of CS blended with SA has minimum value at CS:SA ratio = 98:2. The above mentioned dependence is not typical for AA, as flow activation energy in this case raises steadily with the growth of AA content in the solution, like viscosity of the CS:AA. The extreme behavior of polymer blends with low content of one of the polymers is described in terms of mutual solubility or thermodynamic compatibility. There is a tendency that mechanical properties and water solubility increase with the increasing of SA and AA polymers in corn starch matrix. Obtained data evidence the benefits of bicomponent films production instead of starch-based films.展开更多
Rheological properties of corn starch and sodium alginate blend solutions have been measured at different polymer ratios in the temperature range from 303 to 343 K bya R/S Brook field rheometer with аcoaxial cylinder...Rheological properties of corn starch and sodium alginate blend solutions have been measured at different polymer ratios in the temperature range from 303 to 343 K bya R/S Brook field rheometer with аcoaxial cylinder measuring unit. Dynamic viscosity of blends has been shown to decrease with shear rate increase and to increase with sodium alginate content increase. The influence of shear rate on activation energy of viscous flow depends on sodium alginate content and is different for below and over 5% (mass) content. Applicability of Ostwald-de-Waele, Herschel-Bulkley, Bingham and Casson models for the description of CS:SA blend solutions flow has been analyzed. Rheological properties of CS:SA blend solutions allow one to look at them as an alternative to starch solutions for edible films casting and production by dry method.展开更多
文摘New powdered sorbent Lignosorb based on the hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin has been developed at the Belarusian State University. Hydrolysis lignin is a commercial waste product of biomass processing in the hydrolysis production of ethanol. In spite of the various proposals for hydrolysis lignin usage, the wide application has not found yet. Special area of hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin usage as a sorbent for oil spills removal and oil products waste recovery is discussed. Lignosorb, thanks to the rather high bulk density, can be applied manually or mechanically by conventional sprayers. It does not sink after oil adsorption and transforms liquid oil film on the water surface into the solid mass. The solid product is a complete mass and is easily collected from the surface of water. Lignosorb when blended with oil products waste in the volume forms the granular free-running product. The rheological properties of the Lignosorb suspensions in oil products at different sorbent to oil product ratio have been estimated. Saturated by different oil products Lignosorb one can granulate or pellet and utilize as a composite solid fuel including the co-firing regime of combustion. It has the higher heating value of 32.1 - 38.8 MJ/kg while the coal has 20.9 - 30.1 MJ/kg. It has been shown that composite fuel burning has less longstanding inflammation stage, more long stable burning stage and less longstanding phase of smoldering in the comparison to wood and Lignosorb burning.
文摘The study of the rheological properties of aqueous solutions of corn starch (CS) blends with sodium alginate (SA) and agar-agar (AA) as well as the physical and mechanical properties of bicomponent films on their basis has been carried out. The data show that adding of both polymers to starch solution causes an increase in viscosity which is higher in the case of SA. Activation energy for viscosity flow of solutions of CS blended with SA has minimum value at CS:SA ratio = 98:2. The above mentioned dependence is not typical for AA, as flow activation energy in this case raises steadily with the growth of AA content in the solution, like viscosity of the CS:AA. The extreme behavior of polymer blends with low content of one of the polymers is described in terms of mutual solubility or thermodynamic compatibility. There is a tendency that mechanical properties and water solubility increase with the increasing of SA and AA polymers in corn starch matrix. Obtained data evidence the benefits of bicomponent films production instead of starch-based films.
文摘Rheological properties of corn starch and sodium alginate blend solutions have been measured at different polymer ratios in the temperature range from 303 to 343 K bya R/S Brook field rheometer with аcoaxial cylinder measuring unit. Dynamic viscosity of blends has been shown to decrease with shear rate increase and to increase with sodium alginate content increase. The influence of shear rate on activation energy of viscous flow depends on sodium alginate content and is different for below and over 5% (mass) content. Applicability of Ostwald-de-Waele, Herschel-Bulkley, Bingham and Casson models for the description of CS:SA blend solutions flow has been analyzed. Rheological properties of CS:SA blend solutions allow one to look at them as an alternative to starch solutions for edible films casting and production by dry method.
