With the advancements in the era of artificial intelligence,blockchain,cloud computing,and big data,there is a need for secure,decentralized medical record storage and retrieval systems.While cloud storage solves stor...With the advancements in the era of artificial intelligence,blockchain,cloud computing,and big data,there is a need for secure,decentralized medical record storage and retrieval systems.While cloud storage solves storage issues,it is challenging to realize secure sharing of records over the network.Medi-block record in the healthcare system has brought a new digitalization method for patients’medical records.This centralized technology provides a symmetrical process between the hospital and doctors when patients urgently need to go to a different or nearby hospital.It enables electronic medical records to be available with the correct authentication and restricts access to medical data retrieval.Medi-block record is the consumer-centered healthcare data system that brings reliable and transparent datasets for the medical record.This study presents an extensive review of proposed solutions aiming to protect the privacy and integrity of medical data by securing data sharing for Medi-block records.It also aims to propose a comprehensive investigation of the recent advances in different methods of securing data sharing,such as using Blockchain technology,Access Control,Privacy-Preserving,Proxy Re-Encryption,and Service-On-Chain approach.Finally,we highlight the open issues and identify the challenges regarding secure data sharing for Medi-block records in the healthcare systems.展开更多
Turkey is an area where climate changes immediately, vegetation, or land gets different in a short distance. Geological and lithological features show diversity. Also, our country’s territorial existence and diversit...Turkey is an area where climate changes immediately, vegetation, or land gets different in a short distance. Geological and lithological features show diversity. Also, our country’s territorial existence and diversity also bring about different land use conditions. Therefore, land capability also differs from each other. Nevertheless, the classification of land capability used in Turkey is the classification of land capability for agricultural lands prepared by the United States (USA) in 1961. Due to this, [1] have made suggestion on a new classification of land capability considering our country’s geographical conditions. In this study, comparing the land capability with the classification carrying out in our country, the classification which Atalay and Gündüzoğlu suggested, has been aimed. Working method has been established according to regional approach and field observations have been done. In preparing the cartographical material, ArcGIS 10.3 has been used. The map of this study as a material topography, physical map, slope, aspect, the usage of the land, ground, geology, land capability, geomorphology, temperature, and precipitation has been examined, meteorological data have been appreciated. According to the findings attained, Eskişehir’s map of land capability has been done through the criteria of the suggestions of Atalay and Gündüzoğlu. As a result, it has been understood that there is a difference between the USA land capability that applied in Eskişehir and Atalay and Gündüzoğlu’s criteria. In the study, it is suggested to determine the land capabilities again considering the ecological conditions of Turkey.展开更多
Named Data Networking(NDN)has emerged as a promising communication paradigm,emphasizing content-centric access rather than location-based access.This model offers several advantages for Internet of Healthcare Things(I...Named Data Networking(NDN)has emerged as a promising communication paradigm,emphasizing content-centric access rather than location-based access.This model offers several advantages for Internet of Healthcare Things(IoHT)environments,including efficient content distribution,built-in security,and natural support for mobility and scalability.However,existing NDN-based IoHT systems face inefficiencies in their forwarding strategy,where identical Interest packets are forwarded across multiple nodes,causing broadcast storms,increased collisions,higher energy consumption,and delays.These issues negatively impact healthcare system performance,particularly for individuals with disabilities and chronic diseases requiring continuous monitoring.To address these challenges,we propose a Smart and Energy-Aware Forwarding(SEF)strategy based on reinforcement learning for NDN-based IoHT.The SEF strategy leverages the geographical distance and energy levels of neighboring nodes,enabling devices to make more informed forwarding decisions and optimize next-hop selection.This approach reduces broadcast storms,optimizes overall energy consumption,and extends network lifetime.The system model,which targets smart hospitals and monitoring systems for individuals with disabilities,was examined in relation to the proposed strategy.The SEF strategy was then implemented in the NS-3 simulation environment to assess its performance in healthcare scenarios.Results demonstrated that SEF significantly enhanced NDN-based IoHT performance.Specifically,it reduced energy consumption by up to 27.11%,82.23%,and 84.44%,decreased retrieval time by 20.23%,48.12%,and 51.65%,and achieved satisfaction rates that were approximately 0.69 higher than those of other strategies,even in more densely populated areas.This forwarding strategy is anticipated to substantially improve the quality and efficiency of NDN-based IoHT systems.展开更多
Fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) composite materials are heterogeneous and anisotropic materials that do not exhibit plastic deformation. They have been used in a wide range of contemporary applications particularly in s...Fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) composite materials are heterogeneous and anisotropic materials that do not exhibit plastic deformation. They have been used in a wide range of contemporary applications particularly in space and aviation,automotive,maritime and manufacturing of sports equipment. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) composite materials,among other fiber reinforced materials,have been increasingly replacing conventional materials with their excellent strength and low specific weight properties. Their manufacturability in varying combinations with customized strength properties,also their high fatigue,toughness and high temperature wear and oxidation resistance capabilities render these materials an excellent choice in engineering applications.In the present review study,a literature survey was conducted on the machinability properties and related approaches for CFRP and GFRP composite materials. As in the machining of all anisotropic and heterogeneous materials,failure mechanisms were also reported in the machining of CFRP and GFRP materials with both conventional and modern manufacturing methods and the results of these studies were obtained by use of variance analysis(ANOVA),artificial neural networks(ANN) model,fuzzy inference system(FIS),harmony search(HS) algorithm,genetic algorithm(GA),Taguchi's optimization technique,multi-criteria optimization,analytical modeling,stress analysis,finite elements method(FEM),data analysis,and linear regression technique. Failure mechanisms and surface quality is discussed with the help of optical and scanning electron microscopy,and profilometry. ANOVA,GA,FEM,etc. are used to analyze and generate predictive models.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effect of the modified systemic inflammation score(mSIS)on prognosis in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.Methods:In this retrospective cross-sectional study,181 patients were selected and div...Objective:To evaluate the effect of the modified systemic inflammation score(mSIS)on prognosis in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.Methods:In this retrospective cross-sectional study,181 patients were selected and divided into two groups:patients with and without admission to the intensive care unit(ICU).An albumin level of≥4.0 g/dL and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio(LMR)of≥3.4 was scored 0,an albumin level of<4.0 g/dL or LMR of<3.4 was scored 1,and an albumin level of<4.0 g/dL and LMR of<3.4 was scored 2.Results:A total of 242 COVID-19 positive patients were initially included in this study.Of these patients,61 were excluded and 181 patients remained.Among the 181 participants,94(51.9%)were female,and the median age was 61(51,75)years.The mSIS scale ranged from 0 to 2.After analysis,the median score was 0(0,0)in the non-ICU group and 2(0,2)in the ICU group(P<0.001).The median white blood cell,lymphocyte counts,and albumin levels were lower in the ICU group(P<0.001,P<0.001,and P<0.001,respectively).In logistic regression analysis lymphocytopenia(OR=5.158,95%CI=1.249-21.304,P=0.023),hypoalbuminemia(OR=49.921,95%CI=1.843-1352.114,P=0.020),AST elevation(OR=3.939,95%CI=1.017-15.261,P=0.047),and mSIS=2(OR=5.853,95%CI=1.338-25.604,P=0.019)were identified as independent predictors of ICU admission.Conclusion:The mSIS can be used as an independent parameter for establishing the intensive care needs of patients with COVID-19.展开更多
Background: This study evaluated the possible hypothesis that high altitude might be a reason of excessive postoperative drainage after coronary artery bypass graft operations (CABG). Methods: 212 patients were operat...Background: This study evaluated the possible hypothesis that high altitude might be a reason of excessive postoperative drainage after coronary artery bypass graft operations (CABG). Methods: 212 patients were operated by the same surgical team and included to the study with retrospective data scan on postoperative bleeding after elective CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Study was derived from two different altitude centers: Group A patients (n = 107) from the center at an altitude of 1985 meters and Group B patients (n = 105) from the center in approximately sea level with 150 meters altitude. Multiple preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative characteristics with postoperative bleeding amounts were reviewed and calculated to determine a result through the aim of our study. Results: Preoperative, operative and intraoperative parameters for both groups were almost identical. Statistically significance occurred on intensive care unit treatment period, total hospitalization days, usage of erythrocyte suspension and fresh frozen plasma among postoperative periods on behalf of Group B. Parameters such as CABG numbers, Cross clamp and CPB time were not significant. High altitude patients were considered to be with a higher outcome in preoperative hematocrit (Htc) levels which did not occur in the study group. Htc levels presented a slight elevation for Group A as in the preoperative values but a statistically significance was not calculated. Postoperative bleeding volumes and calculated mean values were statistically significantly different among both groups in days of 1, 2 and 3. Reoperations for hemorrhage occurred in 9 cases (8.4%) in Group A and 4 cases (3.8%) in Group B. Conclusions: We want to attract attention to the relation between high altitude and postoperative bleeding after CABG surgery. But yet uncertain and unidentified physiological and biochemical conditions can be a reason as an uncontrollable perioperative factor in this patients. Operation at high altitude can be a reason for postoperative excessively bleeding.展开更多
Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare early results of the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique with the conventional carotid endarterectomy technique. The modified eversion carotid endarterecto...Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare early results of the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique with the conventional carotid endarterectomy technique. The modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique consisted of a longitudinal arteriotomy that was begun from the common carotid artery proximally to the origin of external carotid artery. We also avoided applying a carotid shunt during surgery in both techniques. Methods: Each patient was evaluated for coronary artery stenosis and valve replacement indications. Diagnosis of significant coronary artery stenosis or valve disease directed us to a combination of CEA and cardiac surgery (CABG/Valvular). We generally had a tendency to perform these two surgical procedures separately. Patients which had surgery for both at the same session were excluded in this study. As a result, our study included 120 patients and 137 carotid interventions. We performed the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique in 61 patients (68 carotid interventions) (Group A) and the conventional CEA technique in 59 patients (69 carotid interventions) (Group B). At follow-up, the patients were evaluated by physical examination and color Doppler USG. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data. Statistically significant difference was observed in one operative parameter between Group A and Group B;patchplasty requirements during surgery (12 carotid interventions in group B and 4 carotid interventions in group A, p = 0.036). We recorded temporary tongue deviation in five cases, facial asymmetry in eight cases, hoarseness in four cases, neurocognitive impairment in three cases and transient neurologic in two cases with no significant difference between the groups. There was in one case of permanent neurologic deficit (1 in group B). There were two postoperative deaths (1 in group A and 1 in group B). The death in group A occurred because of subarachnoid haemorrhage and the death in group B occurred because of myocardial infarction. After 6 month follow-up, no restenosis occurred in group A. Restenosis occurred in three patients of group B. Conclusion: The modified eversion technique for carotid endarterectomy decrease the incidence of patchplasty applications and postoperative restenosis by avoiding internal carotid artery manipulation and sewing. Besides, it is easy and possible to remove plaques completely from internal carotid artery via the modified arteriotomy line.展开更多
The widespread use of the Internet of Things(IoT)applications has enormously increased the danger level of data leakage and theft in IoT as data transmission occurs through a public channel.As a result,the security of...The widespread use of the Internet of Things(IoT)applications has enormously increased the danger level of data leakage and theft in IoT as data transmission occurs through a public channel.As a result,the security of the IoT has become a serious challenge in the field of information security.Steganography on the network is a critical tool for preventing the leakage of private information and enabling secure and encrypted communication.The primary purpose of steganography is to conceal sensitive information in any form of media such as audio,video,text,or photos,and securely transfer it through wireless networks.In this paper,we analyse the performance characteristics of one of the steganography techniques called Hidden Communication System for Corrupted Networks(HCCNETs)for hiding sensitive data.This performance analysis includes the efficiency and the cost of the system in Wireless Local Area Networks(WLANs),specifically in the IEEE 802.11ah IoT protocol.The analysis is mainly based on a two-dimensional Markov chain model in the presence of an error channel.Additionally,the model considers packet arrival rate,back-off timer freezing,back-off stages,and short retry limit to ensure compliance with IEEE 802.11ah requirements.It stresses the importance of taking these elements into consideration while modeling the efficiency and cost of the steganographic channel system.These parameters often result in a high precise channel access estimation,a more accurate and efficient accuracy measurements system,efficient channel utilisation,avoidance of throughput saturation overestimation,and ensuring that no packet is served endlessly.Evaluated results demonstrate that HCCNETs is an effective approach at low cost.展开更多
Internet of Things(IoT)defines a network of devices connected to the internet and sharing a massive amount of data between each other and a central location.These IoT devices are connected to a network therefore prone...Internet of Things(IoT)defines a network of devices connected to the internet and sharing a massive amount of data between each other and a central location.These IoT devices are connected to a network therefore prone to attacks.Various management tasks and network operations such as security,intrusion detection,Quality-of-Service provisioning,performance monitoring,resource provisioning,and traffic engineering require traffic classification.Due to the ineffectiveness of traditional classification schemes,such as port-based and payload-based methods,researchers proposed machine learning-based traffic classification systems based on shallow neural networks.Furthermore,machine learning-based models incline to misclassify internet traffic due to improper feature selection.In this research,an efficient multilayer deep learning based classification system is presented to overcome these challenges that can classify internet traffic.To examine the performance of the proposed technique,Moore-dataset is used for training the classifier.The proposed scheme takes the pre-processed data and extracts the flow features using a deep neural network(DNN).In particular,the maximum entropy classifier is used to classify the internet traffic.The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid deep learning algorithm is effective and achieved high accuracy for internet traffic classification,i.e.,99.23%.Furthermore,the proposed algorithm achieved the highest accuracy compared to the support vector machine(SVM)based classification technique and k-nearest neighbours(KNNs)based classification technique.展开更多
As kinematic calculations are complicated, it takes a long time and is difficult to get the desired accurate result with a single processor in real-time motion control of multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF) systems. Another...As kinematic calculations are complicated, it takes a long time and is difficult to get the desired accurate result with a single processor in real-time motion control of multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF) systems. Another calculation unit is needed, especially with the increase in the degree of freedom. The main central processing unit(CPU) has additional loads because of numerous motion elements which move independently from each other and their closed-loop controls. The system designed is also complicated because there are many parts and cabling. This paper presents the design and implementation of a hardware that will provide solutions to these problems. It is realized using the Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language(VHDL) and field-programmable gate array(FPGA). This hardware is designed for a six-legged robot and has been working with servo motors controlled via the serial port. The hardware on FPGA calculates the required joint angles for the feet positions received from the serial port and sends the calculated angels to the servo motors via the serial port. This hardware has a co-processor for the calculation of kinematic equations and can be used together with the equipment that would reduce the electromechanical mess. It is intended to be used as a tool which will accelerate the transition from design to application for robots.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To detect antioxidant and antiinflammatory efficacy of Curcumin(Cur)on lung tissue in rats with sepsis.METHODS:Totally 32 rats were divided into 4 groups;the rats in Group 1(control group)had abdominal incis...OBJECTIVE:To detect antioxidant and antiinflammatory efficacy of Curcumin(Cur)on lung tissue in rats with sepsis.METHODS:Totally 32 rats were divided into 4 groups;the rats in Group 1(control group)had abdominal incision under sterile conditions following anesthesia and the abdomen was sutured.Abdominal incision was performed in the rats in Group 2(Cur group)under sterile conditions following anesthesia and the abdomen was closed.Cur was given to this group after dissolving within dimethylsulphoxide as 100 mg/kg through oral gavage and started for 3 d before surgical procedure.Group 3(CLP group)had caecal ligation and punction(CLP)under sterile conditions to create sepsis following anesthesia and the abdomen was sutured.CLP was performed in the rats in Group 4(CLP+Cur group)under sterile conditions following anesthesia to create a sepsis model and the abdomen was closed.Cur was also given to this group after dissolving within dimethylsulphoxide as 100 mg/kg through oralgavageandstartedfor3 d before surgical proce-dure.All the rats were sacrificed through blood aspiration from the heart under sterile conditions following anesthesia and lung tissues were removed after 24 h following the surgical procedures.The tissue samples were homogenizated for biochemical analyses;and malondialdehyde(MDA),nitric okxide(NO),myeloperoxidase(MPO),superoxidedysmutase(SOD)nd catalase(CAT)were analyzed through spectrophotometric method,immunhistochemical i NOS staining was performed to assess the inflammation;and histopathological differences between the groups were evaluated.RESULTS:A statistically significant decrease was detected in the CLP+Cur group when compared with the CLP group of which Cur was not given in terms of MDA,MPO and NO levels(P<0.05)whereas a statistically significant elevation was fpund in the CLP+Cur group when compared with the CLP group in terms of SOD and CAT levels(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The study outcomes revealed that supplementation of Cur presents an antioxidant effect by reducing the free radical level and increasing the antioxidant enzyme levels;and an antiinflammatory effect by reducing i NOS level.展开更多
Objective:Wet cupping therapy(WCT)is one of the complementary and traditional therapies that are still must be scientifically interpreted.This study aimed to assess hemogram parameters that are subclinical inflammator...Objective:Wet cupping therapy(WCT)is one of the complementary and traditional therapies that are still must be scientifically interpreted.This study aimed to assess hemogram parameters that are subclinical inflammatory markers in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome(FMS)and observe how they were affected with WCT.Methods:The present study consisted of two groups;patient group included participants who were diagnosed with FMS and who received WCT and control group included healthy participants who received WCT within the concept of preventive medicine.Results:Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)values were higher in the patient group(P=0.029and P=0.003,respectively).Considering that the participants had FMS,the optimal cutoff value for PLR was≥1.62,sensitivity was 70%,specificity was 56%,positive predictive value was 61.7%,and negative predictive value was 65.3%.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve revealed a significant sensitivity and specificity(ROC area=0.664),(confidence interval[CI]:0.530–0.781)(P<0.023).The optimal cutoff value for PLR was≥146,sensitivity was 60%,specificity was 83%,positive predictive value was 78%,and negative predictive value was 67%.ROC curve revealed a statistically significant sensitivity and specificity(ROC area=0.726),(CI:0.59–0.83)(P<0.001).The optimal cutoff value for platelet was≥284,000,sensitivity was 83%,specificity was 40%,positive predictive value was 58%,and negative predictive value was 70%.ROC curve revealed a significant sensitivity and specificity(ROC area=0.65),(CI:0.51–0.76)(P=0.036).Conclusion:NLR,PLR,and thrombocyte count parameters can be useful in the process of diagnosing FMS.In addition,NLR,PLR,and MPV decreased in patients who received WCT.展开更多
文摘With the advancements in the era of artificial intelligence,blockchain,cloud computing,and big data,there is a need for secure,decentralized medical record storage and retrieval systems.While cloud storage solves storage issues,it is challenging to realize secure sharing of records over the network.Medi-block record in the healthcare system has brought a new digitalization method for patients’medical records.This centralized technology provides a symmetrical process between the hospital and doctors when patients urgently need to go to a different or nearby hospital.It enables electronic medical records to be available with the correct authentication and restricts access to medical data retrieval.Medi-block record is the consumer-centered healthcare data system that brings reliable and transparent datasets for the medical record.This study presents an extensive review of proposed solutions aiming to protect the privacy and integrity of medical data by securing data sharing for Medi-block records.It also aims to propose a comprehensive investigation of the recent advances in different methods of securing data sharing,such as using Blockchain technology,Access Control,Privacy-Preserving,Proxy Re-Encryption,and Service-On-Chain approach.Finally,we highlight the open issues and identify the challenges regarding secure data sharing for Medi-block records in the healthcare systems.
文摘Turkey is an area where climate changes immediately, vegetation, or land gets different in a short distance. Geological and lithological features show diversity. Also, our country’s territorial existence and diversity also bring about different land use conditions. Therefore, land capability also differs from each other. Nevertheless, the classification of land capability used in Turkey is the classification of land capability for agricultural lands prepared by the United States (USA) in 1961. Due to this, [1] have made suggestion on a new classification of land capability considering our country’s geographical conditions. In this study, comparing the land capability with the classification carrying out in our country, the classification which Atalay and Gündüzoğlu suggested, has been aimed. Working method has been established according to regional approach and field observations have been done. In preparing the cartographical material, ArcGIS 10.3 has been used. The map of this study as a material topography, physical map, slope, aspect, the usage of the land, ground, geology, land capability, geomorphology, temperature, and precipitation has been examined, meteorological data have been appreciated. According to the findings attained, Eskişehir’s map of land capability has been done through the criteria of the suggestions of Atalay and Gündüzoğlu. As a result, it has been understood that there is a difference between the USA land capability that applied in Eskişehir and Atalay and Gündüzoğlu’s criteria. In the study, it is suggested to determine the land capabilities again considering the ecological conditions of Turkey.
基金funded by the King Salman Center for Disability Research through Research Group No.KSRG-2023-335.
文摘Named Data Networking(NDN)has emerged as a promising communication paradigm,emphasizing content-centric access rather than location-based access.This model offers several advantages for Internet of Healthcare Things(IoHT)environments,including efficient content distribution,built-in security,and natural support for mobility and scalability.However,existing NDN-based IoHT systems face inefficiencies in their forwarding strategy,where identical Interest packets are forwarded across multiple nodes,causing broadcast storms,increased collisions,higher energy consumption,and delays.These issues negatively impact healthcare system performance,particularly for individuals with disabilities and chronic diseases requiring continuous monitoring.To address these challenges,we propose a Smart and Energy-Aware Forwarding(SEF)strategy based on reinforcement learning for NDN-based IoHT.The SEF strategy leverages the geographical distance and energy levels of neighboring nodes,enabling devices to make more informed forwarding decisions and optimize next-hop selection.This approach reduces broadcast storms,optimizes overall energy consumption,and extends network lifetime.The system model,which targets smart hospitals and monitoring systems for individuals with disabilities,was examined in relation to the proposed strategy.The SEF strategy was then implemented in the NS-3 simulation environment to assess its performance in healthcare scenarios.Results demonstrated that SEF significantly enhanced NDN-based IoHT performance.Specifically,it reduced energy consumption by up to 27.11%,82.23%,and 84.44%,decreased retrieval time by 20.23%,48.12%,and 51.65%,and achieved satisfaction rates that were approximately 0.69 higher than those of other strategies,even in more densely populated areas.This forwarding strategy is anticipated to substantially improve the quality and efficiency of NDN-based IoHT systems.
文摘Fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) composite materials are heterogeneous and anisotropic materials that do not exhibit plastic deformation. They have been used in a wide range of contemporary applications particularly in space and aviation,automotive,maritime and manufacturing of sports equipment. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) composite materials,among other fiber reinforced materials,have been increasingly replacing conventional materials with their excellent strength and low specific weight properties. Their manufacturability in varying combinations with customized strength properties,also their high fatigue,toughness and high temperature wear and oxidation resistance capabilities render these materials an excellent choice in engineering applications.In the present review study,a literature survey was conducted on the machinability properties and related approaches for CFRP and GFRP composite materials. As in the machining of all anisotropic and heterogeneous materials,failure mechanisms were also reported in the machining of CFRP and GFRP materials with both conventional and modern manufacturing methods and the results of these studies were obtained by use of variance analysis(ANOVA),artificial neural networks(ANN) model,fuzzy inference system(FIS),harmony search(HS) algorithm,genetic algorithm(GA),Taguchi's optimization technique,multi-criteria optimization,analytical modeling,stress analysis,finite elements method(FEM),data analysis,and linear regression technique. Failure mechanisms and surface quality is discussed with the help of optical and scanning electron microscopy,and profilometry. ANOVA,GA,FEM,etc. are used to analyze and generate predictive models.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effect of the modified systemic inflammation score(mSIS)on prognosis in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.Methods:In this retrospective cross-sectional study,181 patients were selected and divided into two groups:patients with and without admission to the intensive care unit(ICU).An albumin level of≥4.0 g/dL and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio(LMR)of≥3.4 was scored 0,an albumin level of<4.0 g/dL or LMR of<3.4 was scored 1,and an albumin level of<4.0 g/dL and LMR of<3.4 was scored 2.Results:A total of 242 COVID-19 positive patients were initially included in this study.Of these patients,61 were excluded and 181 patients remained.Among the 181 participants,94(51.9%)were female,and the median age was 61(51,75)years.The mSIS scale ranged from 0 to 2.After analysis,the median score was 0(0,0)in the non-ICU group and 2(0,2)in the ICU group(P<0.001).The median white blood cell,lymphocyte counts,and albumin levels were lower in the ICU group(P<0.001,P<0.001,and P<0.001,respectively).In logistic regression analysis lymphocytopenia(OR=5.158,95%CI=1.249-21.304,P=0.023),hypoalbuminemia(OR=49.921,95%CI=1.843-1352.114,P=0.020),AST elevation(OR=3.939,95%CI=1.017-15.261,P=0.047),and mSIS=2(OR=5.853,95%CI=1.338-25.604,P=0.019)were identified as independent predictors of ICU admission.Conclusion:The mSIS can be used as an independent parameter for establishing the intensive care needs of patients with COVID-19.
文摘Background: This study evaluated the possible hypothesis that high altitude might be a reason of excessive postoperative drainage after coronary artery bypass graft operations (CABG). Methods: 212 patients were operated by the same surgical team and included to the study with retrospective data scan on postoperative bleeding after elective CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Study was derived from two different altitude centers: Group A patients (n = 107) from the center at an altitude of 1985 meters and Group B patients (n = 105) from the center in approximately sea level with 150 meters altitude. Multiple preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative characteristics with postoperative bleeding amounts were reviewed and calculated to determine a result through the aim of our study. Results: Preoperative, operative and intraoperative parameters for both groups were almost identical. Statistically significance occurred on intensive care unit treatment period, total hospitalization days, usage of erythrocyte suspension and fresh frozen plasma among postoperative periods on behalf of Group B. Parameters such as CABG numbers, Cross clamp and CPB time were not significant. High altitude patients were considered to be with a higher outcome in preoperative hematocrit (Htc) levels which did not occur in the study group. Htc levels presented a slight elevation for Group A as in the preoperative values but a statistically significance was not calculated. Postoperative bleeding volumes and calculated mean values were statistically significantly different among both groups in days of 1, 2 and 3. Reoperations for hemorrhage occurred in 9 cases (8.4%) in Group A and 4 cases (3.8%) in Group B. Conclusions: We want to attract attention to the relation between high altitude and postoperative bleeding after CABG surgery. But yet uncertain and unidentified physiological and biochemical conditions can be a reason as an uncontrollable perioperative factor in this patients. Operation at high altitude can be a reason for postoperative excessively bleeding.
文摘Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare early results of the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique with the conventional carotid endarterectomy technique. The modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique consisted of a longitudinal arteriotomy that was begun from the common carotid artery proximally to the origin of external carotid artery. We also avoided applying a carotid shunt during surgery in both techniques. Methods: Each patient was evaluated for coronary artery stenosis and valve replacement indications. Diagnosis of significant coronary artery stenosis or valve disease directed us to a combination of CEA and cardiac surgery (CABG/Valvular). We generally had a tendency to perform these two surgical procedures separately. Patients which had surgery for both at the same session were excluded in this study. As a result, our study included 120 patients and 137 carotid interventions. We performed the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique in 61 patients (68 carotid interventions) (Group A) and the conventional CEA technique in 59 patients (69 carotid interventions) (Group B). At follow-up, the patients were evaluated by physical examination and color Doppler USG. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data. Statistically significant difference was observed in one operative parameter between Group A and Group B;patchplasty requirements during surgery (12 carotid interventions in group B and 4 carotid interventions in group A, p = 0.036). We recorded temporary tongue deviation in five cases, facial asymmetry in eight cases, hoarseness in four cases, neurocognitive impairment in three cases and transient neurologic in two cases with no significant difference between the groups. There was in one case of permanent neurologic deficit (1 in group B). There were two postoperative deaths (1 in group A and 1 in group B). The death in group A occurred because of subarachnoid haemorrhage and the death in group B occurred because of myocardial infarction. After 6 month follow-up, no restenosis occurred in group A. Restenosis occurred in three patients of group B. Conclusion: The modified eversion technique for carotid endarterectomy decrease the incidence of patchplasty applications and postoperative restenosis by avoiding internal carotid artery manipulation and sewing. Besides, it is easy and possible to remove plaques completely from internal carotid artery via the modified arteriotomy line.
文摘The widespread use of the Internet of Things(IoT)applications has enormously increased the danger level of data leakage and theft in IoT as data transmission occurs through a public channel.As a result,the security of the IoT has become a serious challenge in the field of information security.Steganography on the network is a critical tool for preventing the leakage of private information and enabling secure and encrypted communication.The primary purpose of steganography is to conceal sensitive information in any form of media such as audio,video,text,or photos,and securely transfer it through wireless networks.In this paper,we analyse the performance characteristics of one of the steganography techniques called Hidden Communication System for Corrupted Networks(HCCNETs)for hiding sensitive data.This performance analysis includes the efficiency and the cost of the system in Wireless Local Area Networks(WLANs),specifically in the IEEE 802.11ah IoT protocol.The analysis is mainly based on a two-dimensional Markov chain model in the presence of an error channel.Additionally,the model considers packet arrival rate,back-off timer freezing,back-off stages,and short retry limit to ensure compliance with IEEE 802.11ah requirements.It stresses the importance of taking these elements into consideration while modeling the efficiency and cost of the steganographic channel system.These parameters often result in a high precise channel access estimation,a more accurate and efficient accuracy measurements system,efficient channel utilisation,avoidance of throughput saturation overestimation,and ensuring that no packet is served endlessly.Evaluated results demonstrate that HCCNETs is an effective approach at low cost.
基金This work has supported by the Xiamen University Malaysia Research Fund(XMUMRF)(Grant No:XMUMRF/2019-C3/IECE/0007)。
文摘Internet of Things(IoT)defines a network of devices connected to the internet and sharing a massive amount of data between each other and a central location.These IoT devices are connected to a network therefore prone to attacks.Various management tasks and network operations such as security,intrusion detection,Quality-of-Service provisioning,performance monitoring,resource provisioning,and traffic engineering require traffic classification.Due to the ineffectiveness of traditional classification schemes,such as port-based and payload-based methods,researchers proposed machine learning-based traffic classification systems based on shallow neural networks.Furthermore,machine learning-based models incline to misclassify internet traffic due to improper feature selection.In this research,an efficient multilayer deep learning based classification system is presented to overcome these challenges that can classify internet traffic.To examine the performance of the proposed technique,Moore-dataset is used for training the classifier.The proposed scheme takes the pre-processed data and extracts the flow features using a deep neural network(DNN).In particular,the maximum entropy classifier is used to classify the internet traffic.The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid deep learning algorithm is effective and achieved high accuracy for internet traffic classification,i.e.,99.23%.Furthermore,the proposed algorithm achieved the highest accuracy compared to the support vector machine(SVM)based classification technique and k-nearest neighbours(KNNs)based classification technique.
基金Project(No.KBü-BAP-13/1-DR-011)supported by the Department of Bilimsel Arastírma Progeleri,Karabük University,Turkey
文摘As kinematic calculations are complicated, it takes a long time and is difficult to get the desired accurate result with a single processor in real-time motion control of multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF) systems. Another calculation unit is needed, especially with the increase in the degree of freedom. The main central processing unit(CPU) has additional loads because of numerous motion elements which move independently from each other and their closed-loop controls. The system designed is also complicated because there are many parts and cabling. This paper presents the design and implementation of a hardware that will provide solutions to these problems. It is realized using the Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language(VHDL) and field-programmable gate array(FPGA). This hardware is designed for a six-legged robot and has been working with servo motors controlled via the serial port. The hardware on FPGA calculates the required joint angles for the feet positions received from the serial port and sends the calculated angels to the servo motors via the serial port. This hardware has a co-processor for the calculation of kinematic equations and can be used together with the equipment that would reduce the electromechanical mess. It is intended to be used as a tool which will accelerate the transition from design to application for robots.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To detect antioxidant and antiinflammatory efficacy of Curcumin(Cur)on lung tissue in rats with sepsis.METHODS:Totally 32 rats were divided into 4 groups;the rats in Group 1(control group)had abdominal incision under sterile conditions following anesthesia and the abdomen was sutured.Abdominal incision was performed in the rats in Group 2(Cur group)under sterile conditions following anesthesia and the abdomen was closed.Cur was given to this group after dissolving within dimethylsulphoxide as 100 mg/kg through oral gavage and started for 3 d before surgical procedure.Group 3(CLP group)had caecal ligation and punction(CLP)under sterile conditions to create sepsis following anesthesia and the abdomen was sutured.CLP was performed in the rats in Group 4(CLP+Cur group)under sterile conditions following anesthesia to create a sepsis model and the abdomen was closed.Cur was also given to this group after dissolving within dimethylsulphoxide as 100 mg/kg through oralgavageandstartedfor3 d before surgical proce-dure.All the rats were sacrificed through blood aspiration from the heart under sterile conditions following anesthesia and lung tissues were removed after 24 h following the surgical procedures.The tissue samples were homogenizated for biochemical analyses;and malondialdehyde(MDA),nitric okxide(NO),myeloperoxidase(MPO),superoxidedysmutase(SOD)nd catalase(CAT)were analyzed through spectrophotometric method,immunhistochemical i NOS staining was performed to assess the inflammation;and histopathological differences between the groups were evaluated.RESULTS:A statistically significant decrease was detected in the CLP+Cur group when compared with the CLP group of which Cur was not given in terms of MDA,MPO and NO levels(P<0.05)whereas a statistically significant elevation was fpund in the CLP+Cur group when compared with the CLP group in terms of SOD and CAT levels(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The study outcomes revealed that supplementation of Cur presents an antioxidant effect by reducing the free radical level and increasing the antioxidant enzyme levels;and an antiinflammatory effect by reducing i NOS level.
文摘Objective:Wet cupping therapy(WCT)is one of the complementary and traditional therapies that are still must be scientifically interpreted.This study aimed to assess hemogram parameters that are subclinical inflammatory markers in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome(FMS)and observe how they were affected with WCT.Methods:The present study consisted of two groups;patient group included participants who were diagnosed with FMS and who received WCT and control group included healthy participants who received WCT within the concept of preventive medicine.Results:Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)values were higher in the patient group(P=0.029and P=0.003,respectively).Considering that the participants had FMS,the optimal cutoff value for PLR was≥1.62,sensitivity was 70%,specificity was 56%,positive predictive value was 61.7%,and negative predictive value was 65.3%.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve revealed a significant sensitivity and specificity(ROC area=0.664),(confidence interval[CI]:0.530–0.781)(P<0.023).The optimal cutoff value for PLR was≥146,sensitivity was 60%,specificity was 83%,positive predictive value was 78%,and negative predictive value was 67%.ROC curve revealed a statistically significant sensitivity and specificity(ROC area=0.726),(CI:0.59–0.83)(P<0.001).The optimal cutoff value for platelet was≥284,000,sensitivity was 83%,specificity was 40%,positive predictive value was 58%,and negative predictive value was 70%.ROC curve revealed a significant sensitivity and specificity(ROC area=0.65),(CI:0.51–0.76)(P=0.036).Conclusion:NLR,PLR,and thrombocyte count parameters can be useful in the process of diagnosing FMS.In addition,NLR,PLR,and MPV decreased in patients who received WCT.
