At present,the growth momentum of the world economy is clearly insufficient,and faced with many unstable,uncertain and unpredictable factors,the world economy is generally on a downward path.From the perspective of tr...At present,the growth momentum of the world economy is clearly insufficient,and faced with many unstable,uncertain and unpredictable factors,the world economy is generally on a downward path.From the perspective of trend changes,the world economy will still be in the process of reshaping its growth momentum in 2024,with positive factors accumulating but downward pressure remaining.展开更多
The year 2019 has witnessed the drastic slowdown of global economic and trade growth,steep decline of foreign direct investment,continuing slowdown of growth rate of major developed economies and increasing downward p...The year 2019 has witnessed the drastic slowdown of global economic and trade growth,steep decline of foreign direct investment,continuing slowdown of growth rate of major developed economies and increasing downward pressure on emerging economies.The unilateral and protectionist policies adopted by the Trump administration of the United States have led the world on a track of slower growth;in the meantime,monetary and fiscal policies designed by various countries,especially developed economies,have become less effective;and insufficient global aggregate demand has also severely jeopardized world economic growth.展开更多
The year 2021 witnessed a rapid recovery of the global economy following its largest recession since World War II.The development of vaccines,the increased vaccinated population and the strengthened prevention and con...The year 2021 witnessed a rapid recovery of the global economy following its largest recession since World War II.The development of vaccines,the increased vaccinated population and the strengthened prevention and control at all levels have worked together to weaken the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world economy.Meanwhile,the fiscal and monetary policies launched by various countries,especially the major economies,in response to the pandemic have also boosted the economic recovery to varying degrees.The instability of the COVID-19 situation and side effects of response policies together with various problems existing before the pandemic and the direction and intensity of future policy adjustment of major economies have constituted the basic factors affecting the trend of the world economy in 2022.展开更多
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)has established a climate governance mechanism with intergovernmental negotiations among sovereign states as the core.After nearly 30 years,progress in ...The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)has established a climate governance mechanism with intergovernmental negotiations among sovereign states as the core.After nearly 30 years,progress in combating climate change has remained very modest compared with the numerous challenges raised.The global climate governance has entered a new era,such that incorporating other factors into the governance process is timely.Therefore,the study emphasizes technological innovation and business actors in climate governance after the Paris Agreement.Technological innovation can provide effective solutions for combating climate change and has been a crucial driving force in climate governance's evolution.Business actors are significant because they are actual implementers of technological innovation and can apply different types of power and influence on climate governance processes at various levels.In summary,business actors,as well as technological innovation in line with governments and the UNFCCC governance frameworks,create a new potential for climate governance in the new era.展开更多
The victorious convening of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)has indicated China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics has entered a new era.Rooted in China’s diplomati...The victorious convening of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)has indicated China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics has entered a new era.Rooted in China’s diplomatic practices since the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the report to the 19th National Congress of the CPC,this paper is intended to elaborate on the issues relating to the concepts and principles of China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics for a new era,in a bid to establish a basic framework for their studies.The core concepts of China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics for a new era include a community with a shared future for humanity;inclusive development;amity,sincerity,mutual benefit,and inclusiveness;and the correct view on righteousness and interests.And the basic principles of China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics for a new era include being enthusiastic and pressing on;bottom-line thinking;win-win cooperation;and mutual consultation,joint construction and co-sharing.These concepts and principles should be applied in China’s concrete diplomatic practices.展开更多
Africa＇s largest bay and an the Gulf of Guinea has d＇Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, important international shipping channel, coastal countries including Liberia, Cote Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, EquatorialGuinea, Gabon, and Sa...Africa＇s largest bay and an the Gulf of Guinea has d＇Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, important international shipping channel, coastal countries including Liberia, Cote Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, EquatorialGuinea, Gabon, and Sao Tome and Principe. In a broader sense, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone and Mall can also be considered as coastal states of the Guinea Gulf. In the 21st century, the security situation in the region has been intricate, with intertwined traditional and non-traditional security issues and the involvement of multiple external forces.展开更多
The exchange rate reform initiated on August 11,2015 is an important attempt by the PBoC to transform China's exchange rate regime from the "crawl-like arrangement" to a floating regime.However,after a t...The exchange rate reform initiated on August 11,2015 is an important attempt by the PBoC to transform China's exchange rate regime from the "crawl-like arrangement" to a floating regime.However,after a three-day experiment,the PBoC abandoned the original goal of the reform.Since then,the central bank has implemented a new exchange rate-setting mechanism.Under this mechanism,the central parity of the renminbi(RMB) against the US dollar is decided by the arithmetic average of the RMB exchange rate that keeps the index of a currency basket unchanged over the past 24 hours and the previous day's closing price of USD/CNY.Due to the introduction of the index of a currency basket,additional uncertainty has been introduced into the determination of the RMB exchange rate,because of the uncertainty of the dollar index(USDX).As a result,to a certain extent,the one-way bet on the RMB expectations is weakened.However,the current exchange rate formation mechanism cannot reverse the trend of devaluation of the RMB,nor can it eliminate depreciation expectations.Meanwhile,it hinders the effectiveness of central bank's independent monetary policy based on the domestic economic fundamentals.And also,the "two-way float" created by the new price-setting mechanism is artificial and has led to significant losses of foreign exchange reserve.The paper explains how the new price-setting mechanism works,and identifies the important features of the mechanism and its pros and cons.The paper argues that despite some advantages,the new exchange rate regime as a soft peg regime is not sustainable and the PBoC should stop foreign exchange market intervention as soon as possible.We hope that the PBoC can learn the lessons from the failure of the "August 11 reform" and accomplish the unaccomplished reform in an urgent manner.展开更多
A review of the history of human development shows that every major technological revolution brings new challenges to national security.With the advent of the information technology revolution represented by the Inter...A review of the history of human development shows that every major technological revolution brings new challenges to national security.With the advent of the information technology revolution represented by the Internet,cybersecurity has become an issue of paramount importance,and the digital intelligence revolution with digital technology innovations such as big data and cloud computing has further expanded the connotation and extension of cybersecurity.展开更多
Ever since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and the United States,putting an end to the long period of isolation between the two countries,the bilateral relations have progressed from early limited e...Ever since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and the United States,putting an end to the long period of isolation between the two countries,the bilateral relations have progressed from early limited engagement to a comprehensive interdependence with an increasingly high degree of mutual interests.As one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world,the overall China-US relationship has remained stable,providing an important guarantee for the world’s peaceful development,prosperity and stability.However,in recent years,the benign interactions between the two countries have been disrupted,exhibiting a tendency of antagonism in some areas.展开更多
The world economic growth rate reaches around 3.6% in 2017 cal- culated in PPP terms, and 3.0% in market exchange rates terms, which has clearly picked up with continuous im- provement in labor market, moderate rise i...The world economic growth rate reaches around 3.6% in 2017 cal- culated in PPP terms, and 3.0% in market exchange rates terms, which has clearly picked up with continuous im- provement in labor market, moderate rise in global price level and increase in international trade gro^dh rate. Howev- er, at the same time, the foundation for world economic recovery is still not sol- id, while long-term international trade factors supporting rapid growth have yet to take shape. American fiscal and monetary policies are to generate large negative spillover effects upon world economy; the trend of de-globalization and trade and investment protectionism are on the rise; debt overhang problem are becoming more and more severe; asset bubble may burst anytime. Other problems like geopolitical risks and terrorism are exerting influences on the stability and development of world economy as well.展开更多
TO accurately evaluate the global impact of the Belt and Road Initiative,we should first understand what it is and how it affects the rest of the world,without speculating about whether China has ulterior motives behi...TO accurately evaluate the global impact of the Belt and Road Initiative,we should first understand what it is and how it affects the rest of the world,without speculating about whether China has ulterior motives behind the project.展开更多
After a sharp rebound from a deep recession in 2021,the world economy experienced a marked shortage in growth impetus in 2022.The growth rates fell sharply,accompanied by huge inflationary pressures,high debt levels a...After a sharp rebound from a deep recession in 2021,the world economy experienced a marked shortage in growth impetus in 2022.The growth rates fell sharply,accompanied by huge inflationary pressures,high debt levels and increasingly volatile financial markets.Currently,protectionism is still prevalent,international sanctions are escalating,international trade and investment growth faces greater constraints,and world economic recovery is more fragile.展开更多
In recent years,China-US economic and trade frictions are on the rise as the American side continues to raise the stakes,attracting great attention of all parties.At present,there are several estimates of the conseque...In recent years,China-US economic and trade frictions are on the rise as the American side continues to raise the stakes,attracting great attention of all parties.At present,there are several estimates of the consequences of these frictions all indicating that in general,their immediate effects on economic growth of both countries are controllable.It is more worrying for all parties that they may evolve into break of global industrial chain,and even into sanctions and counter-sanctions in monetary and financial and other fields.To take them into a broader perspective,that is,to see them in the angle of profound changes unseen in a century the world is undergoing,China-US economic and trade frictions may be nothing but a small episode of a long process of evolution of“the East’s rise and the West’s decline”in the global pattern,the real risks resting with other than a direct conflict between China and the United States.展开更多
In November 2001,Jim O’Neill,former Chief Economist at Goldman Sachs,formally put forward the concept of BRIC after an in-depth analysis of the growth potential of Brazil,Russia,India,and China.1 In June 2006,Goldman...In November 2001,Jim O’Neill,former Chief Economist at Goldman Sachs,formally put forward the concept of BRIC after an in-depth analysis of the growth potential of Brazil,Russia,India,and China.1 In June 2006,Goldman Sachs launched its BRIC fund,trying to gain from the growth potential of the four countries.展开更多
This paper represents an attempt to test the relationship between the exports and productivity of Chinese firms using the data set of nearly 3 million industrial firms in 20 industrial sectors over the period 1998-200...This paper represents an attempt to test the relationship between the exports and productivity of Chinese firms using the data set of nearly 3 million industrial firms in 20 industrial sectors over the period 1998-2007. Our test finds that non-export firms were more productive than export firms, and exports were negatively related to productivity-namely that the lower the productivity of a firm, the higher its exports. This finding is in contradiction with the hypothesis of new-new trade theory. The contradiction is referred to as the "productivity paradox" in this paper. Further tests find that firm size is a key factor affecting firm exports, but the impact of exports on firm productivity is insignif icant. This paper reckons that the "productivity paradox" of Chinese export firms may be attributed to the disproportionate share of processing trade in export trade.展开更多
Productivity and international energy price shocks are reflected in PPI and CPI via industrial chains.China’s in-depth participation into the global value chains has increasingly lengthened its industrial production ...Productivity and international energy price shocks are reflected in PPI and CPI via industrial chains.China’s in-depth participation into the global value chains has increasingly lengthened its industrial production chains.The question is how the changing length of production chains will affect CPI and PPI,as well as CPI-PPI correlation?By constructing a global input-output price model,this paper offers a theoretical discussion on the impact of production chain length on the CPI-PPI divergence.Our findings suggest that the price shock of international bulk commodities has a greater impact on China’s PPI than that on CPI.The effects on both China’s PPI and CPI estimated by using the single-country input-output model are higher than the results estimated with the global input-output model.However,the difference between CPI and PPI variations estimated with the global input-output model is greater than the result estimated with the single-country input-output model,which supports the view that the lengthening of production chains,especially international production chains,leads to a divergence between CPI and PPI.Empirical results based on cross-national panel data also suggest that the lengthening of production chains has reduced the CPI-PPI correlation for countries,i.e.the lengthening of production chains has increased the PPI-CPI divergence.That is to say,policymakers should target not just CPI in maintaining price stability,but instead focus on the stability of both PPI and CPI.Efforts can be made to proactively adjust the price index system,and formulate the industrial chain price index.展开更多
In recent years,the challenges facing the development of international supply chains have been increasing.Major country competition,COVID pandemic and geopolitical conflicts have impacted the development of internatio...In recent years,the challenges facing the development of international supply chains have been increasing.Major country competition,COVID pandemic and geopolitical conflicts have impacted the development of international supply chains and continue to have negative effects.Against this background,the international community should cooperate to deal with the risks and challenges.展开更多
This paper examines China’s flying geese paradigm that serves as a key driver of a new pattern of the country’s economic development.Our results suggest that such a major power’s flying geese paradigm has taken sha...This paper examines China’s flying geese paradigm that serves as a key driver of a new pattern of the country’s economic development.Our results suggest that such a major power’s flying geese paradigm has taken shape in the aftermath of the global financial crisis in 2008.However,this paradigm has provincial heterogeneity in that industrial relocation varies across provinces.For instance,China’s central and western regions have shown differences while serving as destinations for labor-intensive industries and processing trade.This flying geese paradigm evolves in a slow and nonlinear manner,and may be subject to stagnation and even reversal.展开更多
With the approach of the 2015 deadline for the United Nations’Millennium Development Goals(MDGs),the formulation and implementation of new development goals was put on the agenda.After two years of discussions,the gl...With the approach of the 2015 deadline for the United Nations’Millennium Development Goals(MDGs),the formulation and implementation of new development goals was put on the agenda.After two years of discussions,the global development agenda for2016 to 2030 was formulated and passed by the UN General Assembly at the end of September 2015.The new international development agenda consists of two parts,namely global development goals and international responsibilities,展开更多
China has been expanding its domestic market since gaining membership of WTO in 2001.The Chinese government has formulated a trade policy system that awards export and sets limit to import,laying equal stress on expor...China has been expanding its domestic market since gaining membership of WTO in 2001.The Chinese government has formulated a trade policy system that awards export and sets limit to import,laying equal stress on exports and imports.As a result of China’s rapid economic development and enacted trade policies to boost import,China’s import volume has been increasing steadily in recent years.China raised the concepts of "Silk Road Economic Belt"展开更多
文摘At present,the growth momentum of the world economy is clearly insufficient,and faced with many unstable,uncertain and unpredictable factors,the world economy is generally on a downward path.From the perspective of trend changes,the world economy will still be in the process of reshaping its growth momentum in 2024,with positive factors accumulating but downward pressure remaining.
文摘The year 2019 has witnessed the drastic slowdown of global economic and trade growth,steep decline of foreign direct investment,continuing slowdown of growth rate of major developed economies and increasing downward pressure on emerging economies.The unilateral and protectionist policies adopted by the Trump administration of the United States have led the world on a track of slower growth;in the meantime,monetary and fiscal policies designed by various countries,especially developed economies,have become less effective;and insufficient global aggregate demand has also severely jeopardized world economic growth.
文摘The year 2021 witnessed a rapid recovery of the global economy following its largest recession since World War II.The development of vaccines,the increased vaccinated population and the strengthened prevention and control at all levels have worked together to weaken the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world economy.Meanwhile,the fiscal and monetary policies launched by various countries,especially the major economies,in response to the pandemic have also boosted the economic recovery to varying degrees.The instability of the COVID-19 situation and side effects of response policies together with various problems existing before the pandemic and the direction and intensity of future policy adjustment of major economies have constituted the basic factors affecting the trend of the world economy in 2022.
文摘The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)has established a climate governance mechanism with intergovernmental negotiations among sovereign states as the core.After nearly 30 years,progress in combating climate change has remained very modest compared with the numerous challenges raised.The global climate governance has entered a new era,such that incorporating other factors into the governance process is timely.Therefore,the study emphasizes technological innovation and business actors in climate governance after the Paris Agreement.Technological innovation can provide effective solutions for combating climate change and has been a crucial driving force in climate governance's evolution.Business actors are significant because they are actual implementers of technological innovation and can apply different types of power and influence on climate governance processes at various levels.In summary,business actors,as well as technological innovation in line with governments and the UNFCCC governance frameworks,create a new potential for climate governance in the new era.
文摘The victorious convening of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)has indicated China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics has entered a new era.Rooted in China’s diplomatic practices since the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the report to the 19th National Congress of the CPC,this paper is intended to elaborate on the issues relating to the concepts and principles of China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics for a new era,in a bid to establish a basic framework for their studies.The core concepts of China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics for a new era include a community with a shared future for humanity;inclusive development;amity,sincerity,mutual benefit,and inclusiveness;and the correct view on righteousness and interests.And the basic principles of China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics for a new era include being enthusiastic and pressing on;bottom-line thinking;win-win cooperation;and mutual consultation,joint construction and co-sharing.These concepts and principles should be applied in China’s concrete diplomatic practices.
基金a result of the China-Africa Joint Research and Exchange Program project "Security Situation in the Gulf of Guinea and Military Activities of External Countries"
文摘Africa＇s largest bay and an the Gulf of Guinea has d＇Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, important international shipping channel, coastal countries including Liberia, Cote Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, EquatorialGuinea, Gabon, and Sao Tome and Principe. In a broader sense, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone and Mall can also be considered as coastal states of the Guinea Gulf. In the 21st century, the security situation in the region has been intricate, with intertwined traditional and non-traditional security issues and the involvement of multiple external forces.
文摘The exchange rate reform initiated on August 11,2015 is an important attempt by the PBoC to transform China's exchange rate regime from the "crawl-like arrangement" to a floating regime.However,after a three-day experiment,the PBoC abandoned the original goal of the reform.Since then,the central bank has implemented a new exchange rate-setting mechanism.Under this mechanism,the central parity of the renminbi(RMB) against the US dollar is decided by the arithmetic average of the RMB exchange rate that keeps the index of a currency basket unchanged over the past 24 hours and the previous day's closing price of USD/CNY.Due to the introduction of the index of a currency basket,additional uncertainty has been introduced into the determination of the RMB exchange rate,because of the uncertainty of the dollar index(USDX).As a result,to a certain extent,the one-way bet on the RMB expectations is weakened.However,the current exchange rate formation mechanism cannot reverse the trend of devaluation of the RMB,nor can it eliminate depreciation expectations.Meanwhile,it hinders the effectiveness of central bank's independent monetary policy based on the domestic economic fundamentals.And also,the "two-way float" created by the new price-setting mechanism is artificial and has led to significant losses of foreign exchange reserve.The paper explains how the new price-setting mechanism works,and identifies the important features of the mechanism and its pros and cons.The paper argues that despite some advantages,the new exchange rate regime as a soft peg regime is not sustainable and the PBoC should stop foreign exchange market intervention as soon as possible.We hope that the PBoC can learn the lessons from the failure of the "August 11 reform" and accomplish the unaccomplished reform in an urgent manner.
文摘A review of the history of human development shows that every major technological revolution brings new challenges to national security.With the advent of the information technology revolution represented by the Internet,cybersecurity has become an issue of paramount importance,and the digital intelligence revolution with digital technology innovations such as big data and cloud computing has further expanded the connotation and extension of cybersecurity.
文摘Ever since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and the United States,putting an end to the long period of isolation between the two countries,the bilateral relations have progressed from early limited engagement to a comprehensive interdependence with an increasingly high degree of mutual interests.As one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world,the overall China-US relationship has remained stable,providing an important guarantee for the world’s peaceful development,prosperity and stability.However,in recent years,the benign interactions between the two countries have been disrupted,exhibiting a tendency of antagonism in some areas.
文摘The world economic growth rate reaches around 3.6% in 2017 cal- culated in PPP terms, and 3.0% in market exchange rates terms, which has clearly picked up with continuous im- provement in labor market, moderate rise in global price level and increase in international trade gro^dh rate. Howev- er, at the same time, the foundation for world economic recovery is still not sol- id, while long-term international trade factors supporting rapid growth have yet to take shape. American fiscal and monetary policies are to generate large negative spillover effects upon world economy; the trend of de-globalization and trade and investment protectionism are on the rise; debt overhang problem are becoming more and more severe; asset bubble may burst anytime. Other problems like geopolitical risks and terrorism are exerting influences on the stability and development of world economy as well.
文摘TO accurately evaluate the global impact of the Belt and Road Initiative,we should first understand what it is and how it affects the rest of the world,without speculating about whether China has ulterior motives behind the project.
文摘After a sharp rebound from a deep recession in 2021,the world economy experienced a marked shortage in growth impetus in 2022.The growth rates fell sharply,accompanied by huge inflationary pressures,high debt levels and increasingly volatile financial markets.Currently,protectionism is still prevalent,international sanctions are escalating,international trade and investment growth faces greater constraints,and world economic recovery is more fragile.
文摘In recent years,China-US economic and trade frictions are on the rise as the American side continues to raise the stakes,attracting great attention of all parties.At present,there are several estimates of the consequences of these frictions all indicating that in general,their immediate effects on economic growth of both countries are controllable.It is more worrying for all parties that they may evolve into break of global industrial chain,and even into sanctions and counter-sanctions in monetary and financial and other fields.To take them into a broader perspective,that is,to see them in the angle of profound changes unseen in a century the world is undergoing,China-US economic and trade frictions may be nothing but a small episode of a long process of evolution of“the East’s rise and the West’s decline”in the global pattern,the real risks resting with other than a direct conflict between China and the United States.
文摘In November 2001,Jim O’Neill,former Chief Economist at Goldman Sachs,formally put forward the concept of BRIC after an in-depth analysis of the growth potential of Brazil,Russia,India,and China.1 In June 2006,Goldman Sachs launched its BRIC fund,trying to gain from the growth potential of the four countries.
基金funded by the bigness program of Institute of World Economics and Politics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciencethe Center for International Competitiveness of Chinese Economy under the "985 Program" of Hehai University for providing the invaluable data used in this paper
文摘This paper represents an attempt to test the relationship between the exports and productivity of Chinese firms using the data set of nearly 3 million industrial firms in 20 industrial sectors over the period 1998-2007. Our test finds that non-export firms were more productive than export firms, and exports were negatively related to productivity-namely that the lower the productivity of a firm, the higher its exports. This finding is in contradiction with the hypothesis of new-new trade theory. The contradiction is referred to as the "productivity paradox" in this paper. Further tests find that firm size is a key factor affecting firm exports, but the impact of exports on firm productivity is insignif icant. This paper reckons that the "productivity paradox" of Chinese export firms may be attributed to the disproportionate share of processing trade in export trade.
基金the Special Project of the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)“Open Development of China’s Trade and Investment:Basic Patterns,Overall Effects,and the Dual Circulations Paradigm”(Grant No.72141309)NSFC General Project“GVC Restructuring Effect of Emergent Public Health Incidents:Based on the General Equilibrium Model Approach of the Production Networks Structure”(Grant No.72073142)+1 种基金NSFC General Project“China’s Industrialization Towards Mid-and High-End Value Chains:Theoretical Implications,Measurement and Analysis”(Grant No.71873142)the Youth project of The National Social Science Fund of China“Research on the green and low-carbon development path and policy optimization of China’s foreign trade under the goal of‘dual carbon’”(Grant No.22CJY019).
文摘Productivity and international energy price shocks are reflected in PPI and CPI via industrial chains.China’s in-depth participation into the global value chains has increasingly lengthened its industrial production chains.The question is how the changing length of production chains will affect CPI and PPI,as well as CPI-PPI correlation?By constructing a global input-output price model,this paper offers a theoretical discussion on the impact of production chain length on the CPI-PPI divergence.Our findings suggest that the price shock of international bulk commodities has a greater impact on China’s PPI than that on CPI.The effects on both China’s PPI and CPI estimated by using the single-country input-output model are higher than the results estimated with the global input-output model.However,the difference between CPI and PPI variations estimated with the global input-output model is greater than the result estimated with the single-country input-output model,which supports the view that the lengthening of production chains,especially international production chains,leads to a divergence between CPI and PPI.Empirical results based on cross-national panel data also suggest that the lengthening of production chains has reduced the CPI-PPI correlation for countries,i.e.the lengthening of production chains has increased the PPI-CPI divergence.That is to say,policymakers should target not just CPI in maintaining price stability,but instead focus on the stability of both PPI and CPI.Efforts can be made to proactively adjust the price index system,and formulate the industrial chain price index.
文摘In recent years,the challenges facing the development of international supply chains have been increasing.Major country competition,COVID pandemic and geopolitical conflicts have impacted the development of international supply chains and continue to have negative effects.Against this background,the international community should cooperate to deal with the risks and challenges.
文摘This paper examines China’s flying geese paradigm that serves as a key driver of a new pattern of the country’s economic development.Our results suggest that such a major power’s flying geese paradigm has taken shape in the aftermath of the global financial crisis in 2008.However,this paradigm has provincial heterogeneity in that industrial relocation varies across provinces.For instance,China’s central and western regions have shown differences while serving as destinations for labor-intensive industries and processing trade.This flying geese paradigm evolves in a slow and nonlinear manner,and may be subject to stagnation and even reversal.
基金supported by the China National Social Science Fund Project:Aid Effectiveness,Development Effectiveness and The Quality of Chinese Foreign Aid(13BJL054)DFID,UK through CIDRN Research Grants
文摘With the approach of the 2015 deadline for the United Nations’Millennium Development Goals(MDGs),the formulation and implementation of new development goals was put on the agenda.After two years of discussions,the global development agenda for2016 to 2030 was formulated and passed by the UN General Assembly at the end of September 2015.The new international development agenda consists of two parts,namely global development goals and international responsibilities,
文摘China has been expanding its domestic market since gaining membership of WTO in 2001.The Chinese government has formulated a trade policy system that awards export and sets limit to import,laying equal stress on exports and imports.As a result of China’s rapid economic development and enacted trade policies to boost import,China’s import volume has been increasing steadily in recent years.China raised the concepts of "Silk Road Economic Belt"
