Clays are a constituent of the earth. As a result, the discovery and traditional use of clays in construction and pottery worldwide dates back to antiquity. Guinea has several deposits of clay minerals whose chemical ...Clays are a constituent of the earth. As a result, the discovery and traditional use of clays in construction and pottery worldwide dates back to antiquity. Guinea has several deposits of clay minerals whose chemical and mineralogical compositions have been little studied. Despite lacking of scientific data on these clay minerals, they are used today in pottery and habitat construction. As a step towards promoting the use of clay materials in Guinea, we conducted a study of the physicochemical and mineralogical properties of three natural clays from Kakan in the Republic of Guinea (AKKB, AKKE, AKKO) used in habitat construction. The aims of this work were to better understand their properties, but above all to be able to act on them to improve and broaden their applications, which until now have been limited to construction. These clays were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), moisture content (%W), laser granulometry, Atterberg limits, specific surface area, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). These analyses revealed that the main clay minerals present in our samples are kaolinite, illite and, montmorillonite, with the addition of impurities, the most abundant of which is quartz.展开更多
A general research program, focusing on activated carbon fiber cloths （ACFC） and felt for environmental protection was performed. The objectives were multiple： （i） a better understanding of the adsorption mecha- ...A general research program, focusing on activated carbon fiber cloths （ACFC） and felt for environmental protection was performed. The objectives were multiple： （i） a better understanding of the adsorption mecha- nisms of these kinds of materials; （ii） the specification and optimization of new processes using these adsorbents; （iii） the modeling of the adsorption of organic pollutants using both the usual and original approaches; （iv） applications of ACFC in industrial processes. The general question was： how can activated carbon fiber cloths and felts be used in air treatment processes for the protection of environment. In order to provide an answer, different approaches were adopted. The materials （ACFC） were characterized in terms of macro structure and internal porosity. Specific studies were performed to get the air flow pattern through the fabrics. Head loss data were generated and modeled as a fi.mction of air velocity. The performances of ACF to remove volatile organic compounds （VOCs） were approached with the adsorption isotherms and breakthrough curves in various operating conditions. Regenera- tion by Joule effect shows a homogenous heating of adsorber modules with rolled or pleated layers. Examples of industrial developments were presented showing an interesting technology for the removal of VOCs, such as dichloromethane, benzene, isopropyl alcohol and toluene, alone or in a complex mixture.展开更多
Sb_(2)Se_(3) with unique one-dimensional(1D) crystal structure exhibits exceptional deformation tolerance,demonstrating great application potential in flexible devices.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of f...Sb_(2)Se_(3) with unique one-dimensional(1D) crystal structure exhibits exceptional deformation tolerance,demonstrating great application potential in flexible devices.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) photovoltaic devices is temporarily limited by the complicated intrinsic defects and the undesirable contact interfaces.Herein,a high-quality Sb_(2)Se_(3) absorber layer with large crystal grains and benign [hkl] growth orientation can be first prepared on a Mo foil substrate.Then NaF intermediate layer is introduced between Mo and Sb_(2)Se_(3),which can further optimize the growth of Sb_(2)Se_(3)thin film.Moreover,positive Na ion diffusion enables it to dramatically lower barrier height at the back contact interface and passivate harmful defects at both bulk and heterojunction.As a result,the champion substrate structured Mo-foil/Mo/NaF/Sb_(2)Se_(3)/CdS/ITO/Ag flexible thin-film solar cell delivers an obviously higher efficiency of 8.03% and a record open-circuit voltage(V_(OC)) of 0.492 V.This flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device also exhibits excellent stability and flexibility to stand large bending radius and multiple bending times,as well as superior weak light photo-response with derived efficiency of 12.60%.This work presents an effective strategy to enhance the flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device performance and expand its potential photovoltaic applications.展开更多
Antimony selenide(Sb_(2)Se_(3))is a potential photovoltaic(PV)material for next-generation solar cells and has achieved great development in the last several years.The properties of Sb_(2)Se_(3)absorber and back conta...Antimony selenide(Sb_(2)Se_(3))is a potential photovoltaic(PV)material for next-generation solar cells and has achieved great development in the last several years.The properties of Sb_(2)Se_(3)absorber and back contact influence the PV performances of Sb_(2)Se_(3)solar cells.Hence,optimization of back contact characteristics and absorber orientation are crucial steps in raising the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of Sb_(2)Se_(3)solar cells.In this work,MoO2was introduced as an intermediate layer(IL)in Sb_(2)Se_(3)solar cells,and comparative investigations were conducted.The growth of(211)-oriented Sb_(2)Se_(3)with large grains was facilitated by introducing the MoO2IL with suitable thickness.The MoO2IL substantially lowered the back contact barrier and prevented the formation of voids at the back contact,which reduced the thickness of the MoSe2interface layer,inhibited carrier recombination,and minimized bulk and interfacial defects in devices.Subsequently,significant optimization enhanced the open-circuit voltage(VOC)of solar cells from 0.481 V to 0.487 V,short-circuit current density(JSC)from 23.81 m A/cm^(2)to 29.29 m A/cm^(2),and fill factor from 50.28%to 57.10%,which boosted the PCE from 5.75%to 8.14%.展开更多
The first report of new 3-(tetrazol-5-yl)-2-iminocoumarin derivatives is described. The title compounds were prepared in two steps and were obtained in good yields (55-93%). They have been fully characterized by <s...The first report of new 3-(tetrazol-5-yl)-2-iminocoumarin derivatives is described. The title compounds were prepared in two steps and were obtained in good yields (55-93%). They have been fully characterized by <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, FTIR, UV-Visible and HRMS. They were tested for their antiproliferative activities against six representative human tumor cell lines (Huh 7-D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, HCT 116, PC3 and NCI-H727) and HaCat keratinocytes. Among them, compound 5e was active on HCT 116 (IC<sub>50</sub> 15 μM).展开更多
Abemaciclib (Verzerio<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span>...Abemaciclib (Verzerio<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></sup></span>) is a cell cycle inhibitor of both CDK4 and CDK6. In 2017, abemaciclib was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and, in 2018 by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive (HR<sup>+</sup>), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></sup></span></sup>) advanced breast cancer. In this mini-review, we provide a series of information for respectively their targets and its selectivity, results on preclinical trial, clinical phase I, II and III trials, and some perspectives. We also describe the batch and flow steps used for the synthesis of this cancer drug.展开更多
This theoretical chemical reactivity study was conducted using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, at computational level B3LYP/6-31G (d). It involved a series of six (06) 5-arylidene rhodanines and allowed to...This theoretical chemical reactivity study was conducted using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, at computational level B3LYP/6-31G (d). It involved a series of six (06) 5-arylidene rhodanines and allowed to predict the chemical reactivity of these compounds. DFT global chemical reactivity descriptors (HOMO and LUMO energies, chemical hardness, softness, electronegativity) were examined to predict the relative stability and reactivity of rhodanin derivatives. Thus, the compound 6 which has an energy gap between the orbitals of ΔEgap = 3.004 eV is the most polarizable, the most reactive, the least stable, the best electron donor and the softest molecule. Calculation of the local indices of reactivity as well as dual descriptors revealed that the sulfur heteroatom of the Rhodanine ring is the privileged site of electrophilic attack in a state of sp3 hybridization and privileged site of nucleophilic attack in a state of sp2 hybridization.展开更多
The synthesis of 2-phenylimino-4<em>H</em>-chromene-3-carbonitriles <strong>6(a-d)</strong> in good overall yields using an efficient and practical methodology in 3 steps has been implemented i...The synthesis of 2-phenylimino-4<em>H</em>-chromene-3-carbonitriles <strong>6(a-d)</strong> in good overall yields using an efficient and practical methodology in 3 steps has been implemented in this present work. The first step was a heterocyclization between 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde <strong>1</strong> and propanedinitrile <strong>2</strong> which produced 2-iminocoumarin <strong>3</strong> which was submitted to nitrogen/nitrogen displacement in the presence of aromatic primary amine <strong>4</strong>. In the third step, reduction of <strong>5</strong> led to the desired 2-phenylimino-4<em>H</em>-chromene-3-carbonitriles <strong>6</strong>. Compounds <strong>5(a-d)</strong> and <strong>6(a-d)</strong> were evaluated for their potential <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity against six selected tumor cell lines (Huh7-D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, HCT 116, PC3 and NCI-H727) and tested for their protein kinase inhibition on eight selected protein kinases. Among them, compounds <strong>5c</strong> and <strong>6b</strong> exhibited inhibition on HsCK1e (<strong>5c</strong>: 44% and <strong>6b</strong>: 42% at 1 μM) and <strong>5c </strong>for cytotoxicity on PC3 cell lines (63% at 25 μM).展开更多
The synthesis of new 4-imino-4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(5H)-amine in four steps including one step under microwave dielectric heating is reported. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was establishe...The synthesis of new 4-imino-4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(5H)-amine in four steps including one step under microwave dielectric heating is reported. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was established according to their spectroscopic analysis, such as FT-IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. These new compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activities on seven representative human tumoral cell lines (Huh7 D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, MDA-MB468, HCT116, PC3 and MCF7) and also on fibroblasts. Among them, only the compounds 6c showed micromolar cytotoxic activity on tumor cell lines (1.8 50 50 > 25 μM). Finally, in silico ADMET studies ware performed to investigate the possibility of using of the identified compound 6c as potential anti-tumor compound.展开更多
Kesterite Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)has attracted considerable attention as a non-toxic and earthabundant solar cell material.During selenization of CZTSSe film at high temperature,the reaction between CZTSSe and Mo...Kesterite Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)has attracted considerable attention as a non-toxic and earthabundant solar cell material.During selenization of CZTSSe film at high temperature,the reaction between CZTSSe and Mo is one of the main reasons that result in unfavorable absorber and interface quality,which leads to large open circuit voltage deficit(VOC-def)and low fill factor(FF).Herein,a WO_(3)intermediate layer introduced at the back interface can effectually inhibit the unfavorable interface reaction between absorber and back electrode in the preliminary selenization progress;thus high-quality crystals are obtained.Through this back interface engineering,the traditional problems of phase segregation,voids in the absorber and over thick Mo(S,Se)_(2)at the back interface can be well solved,which greatly lessens the recombination in the bulk and at the interface.The increased minority carrier diffusion length,decreased barrier height at back interface contact and reduced deep acceptor defects give rise to systematic improvement in VOCand FF,finally a 12.66%conversion efficiency for CZTSSe solar cell has been achieved.This work provides a simple way to fabricate highly efficient solar cells and promotes a deeper understanding of the function of intermediate layer at back interface in kesterite-based solar cells.展开更多
The electrochemical conversion of sunlight by photoelectrochemical cells(PECs)is based on semiconductor electrodes that are interfaced with a liquid electrolyte.This approach is highly promising,first,because it can b...The electrochemical conversion of sunlight by photoelectrochemical cells(PECs)is based on semiconductor electrodes that are interfaced with a liquid electrolyte.This approach is highly promising,first,because it can be employed for the generation of a chemical fuel(e.g.,H2)to store solar energy that can be used on-demand to generate electricity when the sun is not available.Second,it can be seen as a concept reminiscent of photosynthesis,where CO_(2) is converted into a valuable feedstock by solar energy.Thus,photoelectrochemical cells are sometimes referred to as“artificial leaves”.Silicon,being the main semiconductor in the electronics and photovoltaic sector,is a prime candidate to be used as the light absorber and the substrate for building photoelectrochemical cells.However,Si alone has“poor-to-no photoelectrochemical performance”.This is caused by its weak electrocatalytic activity for cathodic reactions(namely,the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),the CO_(2) reduction reaction(CDRR),and the N2 reduction reaction)and by its deactivation in the anodic regime,prohibiting its use for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).This latter reaction is essential for supplying electrons to generate a solar fuel.Due to these problems,layers that both protect and are catalytically active are typically employed on Si photoelectrodes but require rather sophisticated manufacturing processes(e.g.,atomic layer or electron beam deposition),which hinders research and innovation in this field.Nevertheless,our group and others have demonstrated that these layers are not always required and that highly active and stable Si-based photoelectrodes can be manufactured using simple wet processes,such as drop casting,electroless deposition,or aqueous electrodeposition.In this Account,we first introduce the topic and the possible structures that can be easily obtained starting from commercial Si wafers.Then,we discuss strategies that have been employed to manufacture photocathodes based on p-type Si.Among these,we describe Si photocathodes coated with metal,inorganic compounds such as metal sulfides,and more original constructs,such as those based on macromolecules composed of a catalytic Mo3S4 core and a polyoxometallate macrocycle.Also,we discuss the elaboration and the advantages of Si photocathodes obtained by grafting organometallic catalysts which are promising candidates for reaching excellent selectivity for the CDRR.Then,the manufacturing of photoanodes based on n-Si is reviewed with an emphasis on those prepared by electrodeposition of a transition metal such as Ni and Fe.The effect of the catalyst morphology,density,and Si structuration is discussed,and future developments are proposed.展开更多
Amorphous chalcogenide thin films were fabricated by the pulsed laser deposition technique. Thereafter, the stacks of multilayered thin films for reflectors and microcavity were designed for telecommunication waveleng...Amorphous chalcogenide thin films were fabricated by the pulsed laser deposition technique. Thereafter, the stacks of multilayered thin films for reflectors and microcavity were designed for telecommunication wavelength. The prepared multilayered thin films for reflectors show good compatibility. The microcavity structure consists of Ge_(25)Ga)5Sb_(10)S_(65)(doped with Er^(3+)) spacer layer surrounded by two 5-layer As_(40)Se_(60)/Ge_(25)Sb_(5)S_(70) reflectors. Scanning/transmission electron microscopy results show good periodicity, great adherence and smooth interfaces between the alternating dielectric layers, which confirms a suitable compatibility between different materials. The results demonstrate that the chalcogenides can be used for preparing vertical Bragg reflectors and microcavity with high quality.展开更多
Quaternary Ge-Sb-Se-Te chalcogenide thin films were fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering from Ge_(19)Sb_(17)Se_(64-x)Te_(x)(x=5,10,15,20)sputtering targets in order to select appropriate compositions for infrared sen...Quaternary Ge-Sb-Se-Te chalcogenide thin films were fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering from Ge_(19)Sb_(17)Se_(64-x)Te_(x)(x=5,10,15,20)sputtering targets in order to select appropriate compositions for infrared sensor and optical nonlinear applications.An influence of chemical composition and deposition parameters on the optical properties,structure and wettability was thus studied.The amorphous thin films seem to be constituted by selenide entities that can include tellurium atoms in variable proportion such as[GeSe_(4-x)Te_(x)]and[SbSe_(3-x)Te_(x)](x=0,1,2)and Ge(Sb)-Ge(Sb)bonds according to Raman spectroscopy.Contact angle measurements of the thin films showed values of 68e71for water and their surface energies in the range of~36e39 mJ$m-2 seem suitable for surface functionalization required for photonic sensor development.Furthermore,the maximum nonlinearity at the telecom wavelength with respect to the highest figure of merit value was found for the thin film with composition Ge_(19)Sb_(17)Se56Te8 having nonlinear refractive index of 28×10^(-18) m2·W^(-1).Due to their low optical bandgap energies,they may find their full interest for nonlinear optics in the mid-infrared range.Wide IR transparency in combination with high(non)linear refractive indices make these materials attractive in the field of midIR sensing and optical nonlinear devices.展开更多
In recent years,the development of an environmentally friendly quantum dots(QDs)embedded luminous solid by a simple method has attracted considerable attention.In this study,semiconductor ZnS QDs were successfully pre...In recent years,the development of an environmentally friendly quantum dots(QDs)embedded luminous solid by a simple method has attracted considerable attention.In this study,semiconductor ZnS QDs were successfully prepared in an inorganic matrix of amorphous glass,which yielded beneficial broadband emission in the long-wavelength region of the visible range.The strong red emission belonged to the defect state energy level of the ZnS QDs,which could be enhanced by incorporation of nickel ions into the fixed matrix to regulate the defects state.The novel material had a small self-absorption,wide excitation and emission ranges,and thus potential applications in light-conversion devices,luminescent solar concentrators,and solar cell cover glasses.展开更多
Kesterite Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)is a promising candidate for photodetector(PD)applications thanks to its excellent optoelectronic properties.In this work,a green solution-processed spin coating and selenization-...Kesterite Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)is a promising candidate for photodetector(PD)applications thanks to its excellent optoelectronic properties.In this work,a green solution-processed spin coating and selenization-processed thermodynamic or kinetic growth of high-quality narrow bandgap kesterite CZTSSe thin film is developed.A self-powered CZTSSe/CdS thin-film PD is then successfully fabricated.Under optimization of light absorber and heterojunction interface,especially tailoring the defect and carrier kinetics,it can achieve broadband response from300 to 1300 nm,accompaniedwith a high responsivity of 1.37A/W,specific detectivity(D*)up to 4.0×10^(14)Jones under 5 nW/cm^(2),a linear dynamic range(LDR)of 126 dB,and a maximum Ilight/Idark ratio of 1.3×10^(8)within the LDR,and ultrafast response speed(rise/decay time of 16 ns/85 ns),representing the leading-level performance to date,which is superior to those of commercial andwell-researched photodiodes.Additionally,an imaging system with a 905nm laser is built for weak light response evaluation,and can respond to 718 pW weak light and infrared imaging at a wavelength as low as 5 nW/cm2.It has also been employed for photoplethysmography detection of pulsating signals at both the finger and wrist,presenting obvious arterial blood volume changes,demonstrating great application potential in broadband and weak light photodetection scenarios.展开更多
Antimony selenide(Sb_(2)Se_(3))has drawn tremendous research attentions in recent years as an environment-friendly and cost-efficient photovoltaic material.However,the intrinsic low carrier density and electrical cond...Antimony selenide(Sb_(2)Se_(3))has drawn tremendous research attentions in recent years as an environment-friendly and cost-efficient photovoltaic material.However,the intrinsic low carrier density and electrical conductivity limited its scope of applications.In this work,an effective ion doping strategy was implemented to improve the electrical and photoelectrical performances of Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin films.The Sn-doped and I-doped Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin films with controllable chemical composition can be prepared by magnetron sputtering combined with post-selenization treatment based on homemade plasma sintered targets.As a result,the Sn-doped Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin film exhibited a great increase in carrier density by several orders of magnitude,by contrast,a less increase with one order of magnitude was achieved for the Idoped Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin film.Additionally,such cation or anion doping could simultaneously modify the conduction type of Sb_(2)Se_(3),enabling the first fabrication of a substrate structured Sb_(2)Se_(3)-based quasihomojunction thin film solar cell with configuration of Mo/Sb_(2)Se_(3)-Sn/Sb_(2)Se_(3)-I/ITO/Ag.The obtained power conversion efficiency exceeding 2%undoubtedly demonstrated its attractive photovoltaic application potential and further investigation necessity.展开更多
An approach to supervised classification and regression of superconductive materials is proposed which builds on the DeepSet technology.This enables us to provide the chemical constituents of the examined compounds as...An approach to supervised classification and regression of superconductive materials is proposed which builds on the DeepSet technology.This enables us to provide the chemical constituents of the examined compounds as an input to the algorithm,while avoiding artefacts that could originate from the chosen ordering in the list.The performance of the method are successfully challenged for both classification(tag a given material as superconducting)and regression(quantifying the associated critical temperature).We then searched through the International Mineralogical Association list with the trained neural network.Among the obtained superconducting candidates,three materials were selected to undergo a thorough experimental characterization.Superconductivity has been indeed confirmed for the synthetic analogue of michenerite,PdBiTe,and observed for the first time in monchetundraite,Pd2NiTe2,at critical temperatures in good agreement with the theory predictions.This latter is the first certified superconducting material to be identified by artificial intelligence methodologies.展开更多
Natural sunlight activated persistent luminescence(PeL)is ideal candidate for optical information display in outdoors without the requirement of electric supply.Except the brightness and duration,the stability especia...Natural sunlight activated persistent luminescence(PeL)is ideal candidate for optical information display in outdoors without the requirement of electric supply.Except the brightness and duration,the stability especially water resistance of the PeL materials is of significant importance for practical application,which remains a great obstacle up to date.Herein,we report a new sunlight activated PeL glass ceramic containing hexagonal Sr_(13)Al_(22)Si_(10)O_(66):Eu^(2+)crystals,which exhibits strong blue PeL and can last more than 200 h.The PeL can be charged by the full wavelengths located in AM 1.5G due to the broad distribution of traps in the crystal structure.The PeL is clearly observed by the naked eye even after 24 h upon sunlight irradiation irrespective of the weather,and the photoluminescence intensity only decreased~3.3%after storing in water for 365 d.We demonstrate its potential application for thermal and stress responsive display as well as long-term continuous security indication upon sunlight irradiation,which not only save vast energy and reduce environment pollution,but also are appropriate for outdoor usage.展开更多
文摘Clays are a constituent of the earth. As a result, the discovery and traditional use of clays in construction and pottery worldwide dates back to antiquity. Guinea has several deposits of clay minerals whose chemical and mineralogical compositions have been little studied. Despite lacking of scientific data on these clay minerals, they are used today in pottery and habitat construction. As a step towards promoting the use of clay materials in Guinea, we conducted a study of the physicochemical and mineralogical properties of three natural clays from Kakan in the Republic of Guinea (AKKB, AKKE, AKKO) used in habitat construction. The aims of this work were to better understand their properties, but above all to be able to act on them to improve and broaden their applications, which until now have been limited to construction. These clays were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), moisture content (%W), laser granulometry, Atterberg limits, specific surface area, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). These analyses revealed that the main clay minerals present in our samples are kaolinite, illite and, montmorillonite, with the addition of impurities, the most abundant of which is quartz.
文摘A general research program, focusing on activated carbon fiber cloths （ACFC） and felt for environmental protection was performed. The objectives were multiple： （i） a better understanding of the adsorption mecha- nisms of these kinds of materials; （ii） the specification and optimization of new processes using these adsorbents; （iii） the modeling of the adsorption of organic pollutants using both the usual and original approaches; （iv） applications of ACFC in industrial processes. The general question was： how can activated carbon fiber cloths and felts be used in air treatment processes for the protection of environment. In order to provide an answer, different approaches were adopted. The materials （ACFC） were characterized in terms of macro structure and internal porosity. Specific studies were performed to get the air flow pattern through the fabrics. Head loss data were generated and modeled as a fi.mction of air velocity. The performances of ACF to remove volatile organic compounds （VOCs） were approached with the adsorption isotherms and breakthrough curves in various operating conditions. Regenera- tion by Joule effect shows a homogenous heating of adsorber modules with rolled or pleated layers. Examples of industrial developments were presented showing an interesting technology for the removal of VOCs, such as dichloromethane, benzene, isopropyl alcohol and toluene, alone or in a complex mixture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62104156,62074102)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Nos.2023A1515011256,2022A1515010979)China+1 种基金Science and Technology plan project of Shenzhen(Grant Nos.20220808165025003,20200812000347001)Chinasupported by the open foundation of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials,State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures,Guangxi University(Grant No.2022GXYSOF13)。
文摘Sb_(2)Se_(3) with unique one-dimensional(1D) crystal structure exhibits exceptional deformation tolerance,demonstrating great application potential in flexible devices.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) photovoltaic devices is temporarily limited by the complicated intrinsic defects and the undesirable contact interfaces.Herein,a high-quality Sb_(2)Se_(3) absorber layer with large crystal grains and benign [hkl] growth orientation can be first prepared on a Mo foil substrate.Then NaF intermediate layer is introduced between Mo and Sb_(2)Se_(3),which can further optimize the growth of Sb_(2)Se_(3)thin film.Moreover,positive Na ion diffusion enables it to dramatically lower barrier height at the back contact interface and passivate harmful defects at both bulk and heterojunction.As a result,the champion substrate structured Mo-foil/Mo/NaF/Sb_(2)Se_(3)/CdS/ITO/Ag flexible thin-film solar cell delivers an obviously higher efficiency of 8.03% and a record open-circuit voltage(V_(OC)) of 0.492 V.This flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device also exhibits excellent stability and flexibility to stand large bending radius and multiple bending times,as well as superior weak light photo-response with derived efficiency of 12.60%.This work presents an effective strategy to enhance the flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device performance and expand its potential photovoltaic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62074102)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515010979)+1 种基金the Key Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(2018KZDXM059)the Science and Technology plan project of Shenzhen(20220808165025003)。
文摘Antimony selenide(Sb_(2)Se_(3))is a potential photovoltaic(PV)material for next-generation solar cells and has achieved great development in the last several years.The properties of Sb_(2)Se_(3)absorber and back contact influence the PV performances of Sb_(2)Se_(3)solar cells.Hence,optimization of back contact characteristics and absorber orientation are crucial steps in raising the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of Sb_(2)Se_(3)solar cells.In this work,MoO2was introduced as an intermediate layer(IL)in Sb_(2)Se_(3)solar cells,and comparative investigations were conducted.The growth of(211)-oriented Sb_(2)Se_(3)with large grains was facilitated by introducing the MoO2IL with suitable thickness.The MoO2IL substantially lowered the back contact barrier and prevented the formation of voids at the back contact,which reduced the thickness of the MoSe2interface layer,inhibited carrier recombination,and minimized bulk and interfacial defects in devices.Subsequently,significant optimization enhanced the open-circuit voltage(VOC)of solar cells from 0.481 V to 0.487 V,short-circuit current density(JSC)from 23.81 m A/cm^(2)to 29.29 m A/cm^(2),and fill factor from 50.28%to 57.10%,which boosted the PCE from 5.75%to 8.14%.
文摘The first report of new 3-(tetrazol-5-yl)-2-iminocoumarin derivatives is described. The title compounds were prepared in two steps and were obtained in good yields (55-93%). They have been fully characterized by <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, FTIR, UV-Visible and HRMS. They were tested for their antiproliferative activities against six representative human tumor cell lines (Huh 7-D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, HCT 116, PC3 and NCI-H727) and HaCat keratinocytes. Among them, compound 5e was active on HCT 116 (IC<sub>50</sub> 15 μM).
文摘Abemaciclib (Verzerio<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></sup></span>) is a cell cycle inhibitor of both CDK4 and CDK6. In 2017, abemaciclib was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and, in 2018 by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive (HR<sup>+</sup>), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></sup></span></sup>) advanced breast cancer. In this mini-review, we provide a series of information for respectively their targets and its selectivity, results on preclinical trial, clinical phase I, II and III trials, and some perspectives. We also describe the batch and flow steps used for the synthesis of this cancer drug.
文摘This theoretical chemical reactivity study was conducted using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, at computational level B3LYP/6-31G (d). It involved a series of six (06) 5-arylidene rhodanines and allowed to predict the chemical reactivity of these compounds. DFT global chemical reactivity descriptors (HOMO and LUMO energies, chemical hardness, softness, electronegativity) were examined to predict the relative stability and reactivity of rhodanin derivatives. Thus, the compound 6 which has an energy gap between the orbitals of ΔEgap = 3.004 eV is the most polarizable, the most reactive, the least stable, the best electron donor and the softest molecule. Calculation of the local indices of reactivity as well as dual descriptors revealed that the sulfur heteroatom of the Rhodanine ring is the privileged site of electrophilic attack in a state of sp3 hybridization and privileged site of nucleophilic attack in a state of sp2 hybridization.
文摘The synthesis of 2-phenylimino-4<em>H</em>-chromene-3-carbonitriles <strong>6(a-d)</strong> in good overall yields using an efficient and practical methodology in 3 steps has been implemented in this present work. The first step was a heterocyclization between 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde <strong>1</strong> and propanedinitrile <strong>2</strong> which produced 2-iminocoumarin <strong>3</strong> which was submitted to nitrogen/nitrogen displacement in the presence of aromatic primary amine <strong>4</strong>. In the third step, reduction of <strong>5</strong> led to the desired 2-phenylimino-4<em>H</em>-chromene-3-carbonitriles <strong>6</strong>. Compounds <strong>5(a-d)</strong> and <strong>6(a-d)</strong> were evaluated for their potential <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity against six selected tumor cell lines (Huh7-D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, HCT 116, PC3 and NCI-H727) and tested for their protein kinase inhibition on eight selected protein kinases. Among them, compounds <strong>5c</strong> and <strong>6b</strong> exhibited inhibition on HsCK1e (<strong>5c</strong>: 44% and <strong>6b</strong>: 42% at 1 μM) and <strong>5c </strong>for cytotoxicity on PC3 cell lines (63% at 25 μM).
文摘The synthesis of new 4-imino-4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(5H)-amine in four steps including one step under microwave dielectric heating is reported. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was established according to their spectroscopic analysis, such as FT-IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. These new compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activities on seven representative human tumoral cell lines (Huh7 D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, MDA-MB468, HCT116, PC3 and MCF7) and also on fibroblasts. Among them, only the compounds 6c showed micromolar cytotoxic activity on tumor cell lines (1.8 50 50 > 25 μM). Finally, in silico ADMET studies ware performed to investigate the possibility of using of the identified compound 6c as potential anti-tumor compound.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(no.2018YFE0203400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.62074102)+1 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(no.2022A1515010979)the Science and Technology plan project of Shenzhen(nos.JCYJ20190808120001755 and 20220808165025003)。
文摘Kesterite Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)has attracted considerable attention as a non-toxic and earthabundant solar cell material.During selenization of CZTSSe film at high temperature,the reaction between CZTSSe and Mo is one of the main reasons that result in unfavorable absorber and interface quality,which leads to large open circuit voltage deficit(VOC-def)and low fill factor(FF).Herein,a WO_(3)intermediate layer introduced at the back interface can effectually inhibit the unfavorable interface reaction between absorber and back electrode in the preliminary selenization progress;thus high-quality crystals are obtained.Through this back interface engineering,the traditional problems of phase segregation,voids in the absorber and over thick Mo(S,Se)_(2)at the back interface can be well solved,which greatly lessens the recombination in the bulk and at the interface.The increased minority carrier diffusion length,decreased barrier height at back interface contact and reduced deep acceptor defects give rise to systematic improvement in VOCand FF,finally a 12.66%conversion efficiency for CZTSSe solar cell has been achieved.This work provides a simple way to fabricate highly efficient solar cells and promotes a deeper understanding of the function of intermediate layer at back interface in kesterite-based solar cells.
基金supported by ANR(projects EASi-NANO,ANR-16-CE09-0001-01CHALCO-CAT,ANR-15-CE06-0002-01)and by the Fondation Grand Ouest.
文摘The electrochemical conversion of sunlight by photoelectrochemical cells(PECs)is based on semiconductor electrodes that are interfaced with a liquid electrolyte.This approach is highly promising,first,because it can be employed for the generation of a chemical fuel(e.g.,H2)to store solar energy that can be used on-demand to generate electricity when the sun is not available.Second,it can be seen as a concept reminiscent of photosynthesis,where CO_(2) is converted into a valuable feedstock by solar energy.Thus,photoelectrochemical cells are sometimes referred to as“artificial leaves”.Silicon,being the main semiconductor in the electronics and photovoltaic sector,is a prime candidate to be used as the light absorber and the substrate for building photoelectrochemical cells.However,Si alone has“poor-to-no photoelectrochemical performance”.This is caused by its weak electrocatalytic activity for cathodic reactions(namely,the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),the CO_(2) reduction reaction(CDRR),and the N2 reduction reaction)and by its deactivation in the anodic regime,prohibiting its use for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).This latter reaction is essential for supplying electrons to generate a solar fuel.Due to these problems,layers that both protect and are catalytically active are typically employed on Si photoelectrodes but require rather sophisticated manufacturing processes(e.g.,atomic layer or electron beam deposition),which hinders research and innovation in this field.Nevertheless,our group and others have demonstrated that these layers are not always required and that highly active and stable Si-based photoelectrodes can be manufactured using simple wet processes,such as drop casting,electroless deposition,or aqueous electrodeposition.In this Account,we first introduce the topic and the possible structures that can be easily obtained starting from commercial Si wafers.Then,we discuss strategies that have been employed to manufacture photocathodes based on p-type Si.Among these,we describe Si photocathodes coated with metal,inorganic compounds such as metal sulfides,and more original constructs,such as those based on macromolecules composed of a catalytic Mo3S4 core and a polyoxometallate macrocycle.Also,we discuss the elaboration and the advantages of Si photocathodes obtained by grafting organometallic catalysts which are promising candidates for reaching excellent selectivity for the CDRR.Then,the manufacturing of photoanodes based on n-Si is reviewed with an emphasis on those prepared by electrodeposition of a transition metal such as Ni and Fe.The effect of the catalyst morphology,density,and Si structuration is discussed,and future developments are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61308092)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(No.2013010590-401/20131116)
文摘Amorphous chalcogenide thin films were fabricated by the pulsed laser deposition technique. Thereafter, the stacks of multilayered thin films for reflectors and microcavity were designed for telecommunication wavelength. The prepared multilayered thin films for reflectors show good compatibility. The microcavity structure consists of Ge_(25)Ga)5Sb_(10)S_(65)(doped with Er^(3+)) spacer layer surrounded by two 5-layer As_(40)Se_(60)/Ge_(25)Sb_(5)S_(70) reflectors. Scanning/transmission electron microscopy results show good periodicity, great adherence and smooth interfaces between the alternating dielectric layers, which confirms a suitable compatibility between different materials. The results demonstrate that the chalcogenides can be used for preparing vertical Bragg reflectors and microcavity with high quality.
基金This work was supported by the CNRS,Brittany region(France)ANR LOUISE(ANR-15-CE04-0001-01)+1 种基金ANR AQUAE(ANR-21-CE04-0011)Czech Science Foundation(Project No.19-24516S).
文摘Quaternary Ge-Sb-Se-Te chalcogenide thin films were fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering from Ge_(19)Sb_(17)Se_(64-x)Te_(x)(x=5,10,15,20)sputtering targets in order to select appropriate compositions for infrared sensor and optical nonlinear applications.An influence of chemical composition and deposition parameters on the optical properties,structure and wettability was thus studied.The amorphous thin films seem to be constituted by selenide entities that can include tellurium atoms in variable proportion such as[GeSe_(4-x)Te_(x)]and[SbSe_(3-x)Te_(x)](x=0,1,2)and Ge(Sb)-Ge(Sb)bonds according to Raman spectroscopy.Contact angle measurements of the thin films showed values of 68e71for water and their surface energies in the range of~36e39 mJ$m-2 seem suitable for surface functionalization required for photonic sensor development.Furthermore,the maximum nonlinearity at the telecom wavelength with respect to the highest figure of merit value was found for the thin film with composition Ge_(19)Sb_(17)Se56Te8 having nonlinear refractive index of 28×10^(-18) m2·W^(-1).Due to their low optical bandgap energies,they may find their full interest for nonlinear optics in the mid-infrared range.Wide IR transparency in combination with high(non)linear refractive indices make these materials attractive in the field of midIR sensing and optical nonlinear devices.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2018YFE0207700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61975193,51872270 and U1909211).
文摘In recent years,the development of an environmentally friendly quantum dots(QDs)embedded luminous solid by a simple method has attracted considerable attention.In this study,semiconductor ZnS QDs were successfully prepared in an inorganic matrix of amorphous glass,which yielded beneficial broadband emission in the long-wavelength region of the visible range.The strong red emission belonged to the defect state energy level of the ZnS QDs,which could be enhanced by incorporation of nickel ions into the fixed matrix to regulate the defects state.The novel material had a small self-absorption,wide excitation and emission ranges,and thus potential applications in light-conversion devices,luminescent solar concentrators,and solar cell cover glasses.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:62074102,62104156,21961160720Open Research Fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory,Grant/Award Number:2021SLABFK02+1 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:2022A1515010979,2023A1515011256Science and Technology Plan Project of Shenzhen,Grant/Award。
文摘Kesterite Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)is a promising candidate for photodetector(PD)applications thanks to its excellent optoelectronic properties.In this work,a green solution-processed spin coating and selenization-processed thermodynamic or kinetic growth of high-quality narrow bandgap kesterite CZTSSe thin film is developed.A self-powered CZTSSe/CdS thin-film PD is then successfully fabricated.Under optimization of light absorber and heterojunction interface,especially tailoring the defect and carrier kinetics,it can achieve broadband response from300 to 1300 nm,accompaniedwith a high responsivity of 1.37A/W,specific detectivity(D*)up to 4.0×10^(14)Jones under 5 nW/cm^(2),a linear dynamic range(LDR)of 126 dB,and a maximum Ilight/Idark ratio of 1.3×10^(8)within the LDR,and ultrafast response speed(rise/decay time of 16 ns/85 ns),representing the leading-level performance to date,which is superior to those of commercial andwell-researched photodiodes.Additionally,an imaging system with a 905nm laser is built for weak light response evaluation,and can respond to 718 pW weak light and infrared imaging at a wavelength as low as 5 nW/cm2.It has also been employed for photoplethysmography detection of pulsating signals at both the finger and wrist,presenting obvious arterial blood volume changes,demonstrating great application potential in broadband and weak light photodetection scenarios.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2020A1515010805)ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62074102)+1 种基金Key Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(No.2018KZDXM059)ChinaScience and Technology plan project of Shenzhen(JCYJ20190808153409238)China.
文摘Antimony selenide(Sb_(2)Se_(3))has drawn tremendous research attentions in recent years as an environment-friendly and cost-efficient photovoltaic material.However,the intrinsic low carrier density and electrical conductivity limited its scope of applications.In this work,an effective ion doping strategy was implemented to improve the electrical and photoelectrical performances of Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin films.The Sn-doped and I-doped Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin films with controllable chemical composition can be prepared by magnetron sputtering combined with post-selenization treatment based on homemade plasma sintered targets.As a result,the Sn-doped Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin film exhibited a great increase in carrier density by several orders of magnitude,by contrast,a less increase with one order of magnitude was achieved for the Idoped Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin film.Additionally,such cation or anion doping could simultaneously modify the conduction type of Sb_(2)Se_(3),enabling the first fabrication of a substrate structured Sb_(2)Se_(3)-based quasihomojunction thin film solar cell with configuration of Mo/Sb_(2)Se_(3)-Sn/Sb_(2)Se_(3)-I/ITO/Ag.The obtained power conversion efficiency exceeding 2%undoubtedly demonstrated its attractive photovoltaic application potential and further investigation necessity.
基金This research was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic(project No.22-26485S)the MIUR-PRIN2017 via project“TEOREM deciphering geological processes using Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial ORE Minerals”,prot.2017AK8C32the Italian Ministero dell’Istruzione,dell’Universitàe della Ricerca through the“Progetto Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018-2022”.
文摘An approach to supervised classification and regression of superconductive materials is proposed which builds on the DeepSet technology.This enables us to provide the chemical constituents of the examined compounds as an input to the algorithm,while avoiding artefacts that could originate from the chosen ordering in the list.The performance of the method are successfully challenged for both classification(tag a given material as superconducting)and regression(quantifying the associated critical temperature).We then searched through the International Mineralogical Association list with the trained neural network.Among the obtained superconducting candidates,three materials were selected to undergo a thorough experimental characterization.Superconductivity has been indeed confirmed for the synthetic analogue of michenerite,PdBiTe,and observed for the first time in monchetundraite,Pd2NiTe2,at critical temperatures in good agreement with the theory predictions.This latter is the first certified superconducting material to be identified by artificial intelligence methodologies.
基金The authors thank National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172164,51872270)National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFE0207700)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ21A040002)National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund Project(U190920054).
文摘Natural sunlight activated persistent luminescence(PeL)is ideal candidate for optical information display in outdoors without the requirement of electric supply.Except the brightness and duration,the stability especially water resistance of the PeL materials is of significant importance for practical application,which remains a great obstacle up to date.Herein,we report a new sunlight activated PeL glass ceramic containing hexagonal Sr_(13)Al_(22)Si_(10)O_(66):Eu^(2+)crystals,which exhibits strong blue PeL and can last more than 200 h.The PeL can be charged by the full wavelengths located in AM 1.5G due to the broad distribution of traps in the crystal structure.The PeL is clearly observed by the naked eye even after 24 h upon sunlight irradiation irrespective of the weather,and the photoluminescence intensity only decreased~3.3%after storing in water for 365 d.We demonstrate its potential application for thermal and stress responsive display as well as long-term continuous security indication upon sunlight irradiation,which not only save vast energy and reduce environment pollution,but also are appropriate for outdoor usage.
