Objective: Determine the frequency of evacuations, specify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the evacuees, evaluate the data of the evacuation, the management and the maternal-fetal prognosis. Method...Objective: Determine the frequency of evacuations, specify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the evacuees, evaluate the data of the evacuation, the management and the maternal-fetal prognosis. Methods: Prospective and descriptive retrospective study concerning obstetrical evacuations received at the maternity ward of the Hospital of the Institute of Social Hygiene in Dakar between January 1 and December 31, 2020, i.e. a period of 12 months. Results: During the study period, we collected 1156 evacuees out of a total of 3507 patients treated in the Service, i.e. a frequency of 33%. The average age of the patients was 27.07 years with extremes of 14 and 46 years. Patients aged between 20 and 29 were the most represented (51.73%). The average parity was 1.6 with extremes of 0 and 10 pares. The nulliparous (46.37%) were the majority. The majority of evacuated patients (99.6%) resided in the Dakar region, including 58% in the suburbs and 42% in the city center. The patients received had performed an average of 3 prenatal consultations with extremes ranging from 0 to 9 CPN. They most often came from health centers (55.05%) or hospitals (29.09%). The reasons for evacuations were dominated by dystocia (21.54%) followed by premature rupture of membranes (17.21%) and premature deliveries (16.35%). On admission, only 176 patients (15.2%) had an evacuation sheet. Patients transited on average through two health structures (extremes ranging from 0 to 7 structures) before reaching the reception structure. The evacuation was most often done with a private vehicle on the patient’s own means (91.96%). The outcome of the evacuees was most often vaginal delivery or hospitalization (72.79%). The majority of patients (99.4%) had evolved favorably but we deplore one maternal death (0.09%) linked to a late puerperal infection. We recorded 74 perinatal deaths and 1041 live births, i.e. a stillbirth rate of 71.1‰ live births. The causes of death were dominated by prematurity (24.7%). Conclusion: Obstetrical evacuations are frequent in our practice but they should be better organized to improve the maternal-fetal prognosis.展开更多
Objectives: To specify the epidemiological and clinical profile of the patients, to determine the methods of management and to evaluate the maternal and perinatal prognosis in the association of arterial hypertension ...Objectives: To specify the epidemiological and clinical profile of the patients, to determine the methods of management and to evaluate the maternal and perinatal prognosis in the association of arterial hypertension and pregnancy (HTA) at the Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study on the management of the association of hypertension and pregnancy in the maternity ward of the Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar between January 1<sup>st</sup>, 2019 and on December 31<sup>st</sup>, 2020. Results: During the study period, we recorded 326 cases of hypertension associated with pregnancy among the 4290 pregnant women, i.e. a frequency of 7.6%. The epidemiological profile of the patients was that of a woman with an average age of 29, nulliparous (48.2%), married (99.1%), at a low socioeconomic level (61.3%) and with a personal history preeclampsia (14.4%). Most patients (83.1%) were evacuated or referred with pre-ec- lampsia as the main reason (40.8%). The average gestational age was 37 weeks of amenorrhea (SA) with extremes of 20 SA 6 days and 41 SA 5 days. Term pregnancies were the most represented (76.7%). Prenatal follow-up (CPN) was carried out in 319 patients (97.8%) with an average number of CPN of 3 and extremes of 1 and 9. Severe diastolic and severe systolic hypertension concerned respectively 19.3% and 16, 9% of patients. One hundred and eighty patients (55.2%) presented with oliguria. Strip albuminuria was performed in 235 patients (72.1%). It found 3 or more crosses in 38.3% of cases. We recorded 53 cases of anemia (16.3%), 16 cases of significant proteinuria (5%), hepatic cytolysis in 22 patients (6.7%), thrombocytopenia in 37 patients (11.3%), and 43 cases of hyperuricaemia (13.2%). Obstetric ultrasound found 36 cases of severe oligohydramnios (11%), 8 twin pregnancies (2.4%) and an umbilical Doppler anomaly in 10 patients (3.1%). Pre-eclampsia was the most common clinical form (70.5%), followed by chronic hypertension (15.1%) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (14.4%). In our study, 32 patients (9.8%) had received resuscitation. The most used anti-hypertensives were alpha methyl-dopa (46.1%) and nicardipine (24.5%). The obstetrical treatment consisted of uterine evacuation which was most often done by caesarean section (63.1%). Maternal complications were dominated by retroplacental hematoma (16.3%) followed by eclampsia (7.4%) and HELLP syndrome (6.7%). We have not recorded any maternal deaths. Prematurity (19.3%) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (16.3%) were the most common perinatal complications. Severe and moderate neonatal asphyxia concerned respectively 14.8% and 14.4% of newborns. The birth weight was on average 2400 grams with extremes of 400 and 4500 grams. Low birth weight accounted for 49.5% of the sample. One hundred and twelve newborns (34.4%) were referred to neonatology most often for neonatal asphyxia (29.2%). We recorded 37 fetal deaths in utero (11.3%) and 10 neonatal deaths (3.1%), representing a perinatal mortality of 168.5 per 1000 live births. During the postnatal follow-up, we noted a normalization of the blood pressure figures in 98.8% of the patients. Contraception was instituted in 150 patients (46.1%). These were most often progestogen implants (32.2%) or intrauterine device (IUD) (11.7%). The choice of delivery route was significantly associated with the clinical form. Indeed, caesarean section was more frequent in case of preeclampsia compared to pregnancy-induced hypertension (p = 0.03). Maternal and perinatal complications such as HELLP syndrome (86.4%), PRH (64.2%), eclampsia (79.2%) and UFID (23.6%) were more frequent in cases severe preeclampsia (p = 0.028, p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The association of hypertension and pregnancy is frequent in our practice. Its prognosis is marked by the risk of prematurity, IUGR and maternal complications.展开更多
This study aimed to analyze the environmental factors related to health vulnerability in the municipality of Sèmè-Podji. For this study, 216 households were surveyed using questionnaires. Twelve key informan...This study aimed to analyze the environmental factors related to health vulnerability in the municipality of Sèmè-Podji. For this study, 216 households were surveyed using questionnaires. Twelve key informants were enrolled for depth interviews and 18 water samples were collected from different sources used by the populations. It came out of our investigations that water from traditional sources used at Sèmè-Podji was contaminated by various microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and fecal coliforms. 66.38% of households reject domestic waste and 47.41% of them evacuate sewage in the yard. In addition, 93.05% drop stagnant water for natural infiltration. This municipality faces lack of sanitation. The main health problems experienced by people were malaria (46.35%), diarrheal diseases (15.88%). The study stated some results which could improve the help about health management in the area.展开更多
Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pandemic of concern to the World Health Organization. It is all the more worrisome because if not properly managed, it can be responsible for several complicat...Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pandemic of concern to the World Health Organization. It is all the more worrisome because if not properly managed, it can be responsible for several complications, including abnormal blood counts. These abnormalities may also be related to treatment. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to show that adequate antiretroviral therapy can correct various abnormalities exerted by HIV on patients’ blood counts. The specific objective is to determine all the abnormalities we can see in blood count before and during HIV treatment. Materials and Methods: Our study was conducted in the hematology laboratory and the dermatology departments of the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital and the Institute of Social Hygiene. It took place from December 2009 to October 2011. It is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study involving HIV-positive patients (HIV 1 and 2) and under antiretroviral treatment (at least six months of treatment). We included 110 patients in the study. Blood counts were performed at the hematology laboratory of the Aristide le Dantec hospital using a KX21 automaton. Each patient received three blood counts during the first six months of treatment (M0, M3 and M6). A univariate analysis was performed to determine the profile of the abnormalities of the blood count and the chi 2 test was used and a threshold of p 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.6 ± 8.6 years (extremes of 18 and 64 years) with a sex ratio of 0.42 (77 females and 33 males). The prevalence of anemia was 80% (n = 88) at M0, 53, 63% at M3 (n = 59), and 38.20% at M6 (n = 42) (p = 0.02). We noted a favorable evolution with treatment. For the other abnormalities, the evolution was favorable for leukopenia (p = 0.011) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our study showed a correction of blood count abnormalities in PLHIV with antiretroviral treatment.展开更多
Excessive heavy metal concentrations in water can pose a threat to human health.The research analyzed 160 groundwater samples used for hygiene and sanitation,of which 62 were used for consumption,and 98 other types of...Excessive heavy metal concentrations in water can pose a threat to human health.The research analyzed 160 groundwater samples used for hygiene and sanitation,of which 62 were used for consumption,and 98 other types of drinking water were analyzed.The research findings indicate that 6%of groundwater for hygiene and sanitation and 13%of drinking water(7.8%groundwater,5.2%refill water)were deemed unfit for use due to elevated concentrations of certain heavy metals surpassing the maximum limits.As,Cd,Co,Hg,Mn,and Pb were detected in several drinking water samples deemed unsuitable for consumption.Several heavy metals suspected to originate from natural sources are Co,Fe,Mn,As,and Zn,while Pb,Cd,Hg,and Co are suspected to have anthropogenic sources.Only arsenic exposure through the ingestion pathway posed a non-carcinogenic health risk to the local population.Children were found to be more susceptible than adult males and females.The estimated average non-carcinogenic risk levels based on the water sources were refill water>well water>rainwater>spring water.Therefore,it is essential to monitor raw water sources at refill water depots in the study area and implement policies related to the quality of raw water sources,technology maintenance processes,and the quality of processed water from refill water depots.Additionally,the community should be educated about householdscale water treatment to minimize health risks and consider using untreated well water and rainwater for consumption.展开更多
Background: Since it was theorised by Abdel Omran in 1971, the epidemiological transition has been well documented in Latin America, Asia and even increasingly in Africa south of the Sahara. According to this theory, ...Background: Since it was theorised by Abdel Omran in 1971, the epidemiological transition has been well documented in Latin America, Asia and even increasingly in Africa south of the Sahara. According to this theory, sub-Saharan Africa is in the first phase of development corresponding to the “age of plague and famine”. Given the health statistics currently available, more and more low- and middle-income countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa, are experiencing an increase in mortality and the economic impact associated with non-communicable diseases. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa where non-communicable diseases are currently on the rise. Despite the significant changes observed over the last decades, few studies have been carried out on the epidemiological transition in Côte d’Ivoire. It therefore seemed necessary to examine the changes in patterns of disease occurrence and causes of death in Côte d’Ivoire. Objectives: This work aimed to determine the reality of the epidemiological transition in Côte d’Ivoire and characterize its facies from 1990 to 2020. Methods: A literature review was carried out using PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Google, institutional websites (WHO, World Bank), university library websites and institutional reports from Côte d’Ivoire. The indicators sought were mortality, morbidity, life expectancy and fertility. Results: Mortality fell overall from 13.88‰ to 9.70‰, with variations linked to cyclical situations. Life expectancy rose by 52.6 to 59.03 years, although it is still below 60. Fertility has fallen from 6.3 to 4.5 children. There is a general downward trend in morbidity due to communicable diseases between 2009 and 2019, followed by an increase in non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: Côte d’Ivoire is undergoing an original and complex epidemiological transition that needs to be taken into account in health policies and strategies.展开更多
Identifying a potential dietary non-pharmacological treatment to prevent cerebrovascular damage in Alzheimer's disease is crucial for alleviating cognitive decline in older adults and enhancing quality of life.Thi...Identifying a potential dietary non-pharmacological treatment to prevent cerebrovascular damage in Alzheimer's disease is crucial for alleviating cognitive decline in older adults and enhancing quality of life.This study featured the combined supplementation of soy lecithin(SL)and soy isoflavones(SIF),using in vivo animal models,in vitro vascular ring preparation,and cell studies to investigate the potential advantages and mechanisms of SL combined with SIF on cognitive function and cerebrovascular health from multiple perspectives.The results show that Aβcan significantly induce learning and memory impairment in rats,as well as pathological changes in brain blood vessels,exacerbating damage to cerebral vasodilation function and subsequently reducing cerebral blood flow in the brain.The above-mentioned phenomena induced by Aβcan be significantly improved by the combined intervention of SL and SIF.Further research has revealed that the combined intervention of SL and SIF can reverse the downregulation of the PI3K/PIP3/PDK-1/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway and phosphorylated protein expression induced by Aβin rat brain vascular tissues and bEND.3 cells.Silencing PDK-1 expression in bEND.3 cells showed that the upregulation effect of SL and SIF on Akt and eNOS disappeared.Here we find that prophylactically supplementation with SL in conjunction with SIF appears to effectively activate the PI3K/PIP3/PDK-1/Akt/e NOS pathway within cerebral vascular.This activation improves cerebrovascular vasodilation,offering potential protective effects for both cerebral vascular health and cognitive function.展开更多
The purpose of this research was to evaluate radiological safety in pediatric radiology in hospitals in the Kongo Central province of the DRC. To this end, we surveyed a convenience sample of 50 health professionals, ...The purpose of this research was to evaluate radiological safety in pediatric radiology in hospitals in the Kongo Central province of the DRC. To this end, we surveyed a convenience sample of 50 health professionals, including 10 radiologists working in the hospitals covered by the survey, to assess the practice of pediatric radiology and the degree of compliance with radiation protection principles for the safety of children and the environment. We collected radiophysical parameters to calculate entrance doses in pediatric radiology in radiology departments to determine the dosimetric level by comparison with the diagnostic reference levels of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). All in all, we found that in Kongo Central in the DRC, many health personnel surveyed reported that more than 30% of requested radiological examinations are not justified. Also, after comparing the entrance doses produced in the surveyed departments with those of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), a statistically significant difference was found in pediatric radiology between the average doses in five out of six surveyed departments and those of the ICRP. Therefore, almost all of the surveyed departments were found to be highly irradiating in children, while excessive X-ray irradiation in children can have significant effects due to their increased sensitivity to radiation. Among the risks are: increased cancer risks, damage to developing cells, potential genetic effects, and neurological effects. This is why support for implementing radiation protection principles is a necessity to promote the safety of patients and the environment against the harmful effects of X-rays in conventional radiology.展开更多
Introduction: The WHO’s measles control strategy is based on epidemiological surveillance and vaccination. Little is currently known about the performance of the surveillance system, particularly in outlying areas. I...Introduction: The WHO’s measles control strategy is based on epidemiological surveillance and vaccination. Little is currently known about the performance of the surveillance system, particularly in outlying areas. It is in this context that the present study was carried out to evaluate the measles epidemiological surveillance system in the Kangaba health district. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection for the period from 1 January to 31 December 2022 in the Kangaba health district with 18 epidemiological surveillance officers. Data were collected using an observation grid and documentary analysis. Results: We found a simplicity of 97%, a representativeness of 95% and a reactivity of 53%. Not all notified cases were sampled (64%). Of the 17 CSCom, 8 were positive. A total of 34 confirmed cases of measles were recorded, with one death. Conclusion: Overall, the system is functional and well-established in the health centres, but it remains important to ensure that suspected cases are investigated and that the time between sampling and the availability of laboratory results is respected.展开更多
Background:Fructose may induce non-alcoholic fatty acids(NAFLD)due to the gut-liver axis interactions.The mechanism of fructose impairing colon barrier is unrevealed.Methods:Normal and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-indu...Background:Fructose may induce non-alcoholic fatty acids(NAFLD)due to the gut-liver axis interactions.The mechanism of fructose impairing colon barrier is unrevealed.Methods:Normal and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced Sprague-Dawley rats fed by 35%fructose diets were used to evaluate colon barrier functions.Microbiome and metabolome were applied to screen potential biomarker bacteria and metabolites induced by fructose.HT-29 cells were applied to validate metabolite biomarker indoleacrylic acid(IAA)and indole-3-carboxaldehyde(I3A)function in colon barrier which impaired by fructose.Results:Fructose induced colon barrier dysfunction,aggravated colon impairment in DSS-induced rats.With fructose intake,the colon length shortened,goblet numbers declined,inflammation infiltration induced,inflammatory cytokines increased,and apoptosis signals upregulated in colon tissue.Moreover,fructose induced dysbiosis of microbiota and their metabolites.Adlercreutzia and Holdemania were screened out as potential bacteria biomarkers,IAA and I3A as tryptophan metabolites were selected as metabolite biomarkers inhibited by fructose.IAA and I3A treatment alleviated the impairment induced by fructose by increasing trans epithelial electric resistance value,tight junction proteins,and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor(Ah R)activity in HT-29 cell.Conclusion:Fructose stimulated inflammation,apoptosis,gut bacteria alteration,and induced the reduction of IAA and I3A.Since fructose inhibited production of IAA and I3A,Ah R remained inactivated and consequently induced colon barrier dysfunction.展开更多
BACKGROUND Emergency medical care is essential in preventing morbidity and mortality,especially when interventions are time-sensitive and require immediate access to supplies and trained personnel.AIM To assess the tr...BACKGROUND Emergency medical care is essential in preventing morbidity and mortality,especially when interventions are time-sensitive and require immediate access to supplies and trained personnel.AIM To assess the treatment rates of eye emergencies in Africa.Ocular emergencies are particularly delicate due to the eye’s intricate structure and the necessity for its refractive components to remain transparent.METHODS This review examines the low treatment rates of eye emergencies in Africa,drawing on 96 records extracted from the PubMed database using predetermined search criteria.RESULTS The epidemiology of ocular injuries,as detailed in the studies,reveals significant relationships between the incidence and prevalence of eye injuries and factors such as age,gender,and occupation.The causes of eye emergencies range from accidents to gender-based violence and insect or animal attacks.Management approaches reported in the review include both surgical and non-surgical interventions,from medication to evisceration or enucleation of the eye.Preventive measures emphasize eye health education and the use of protective eyewear and facial protection.However,inadequate healthcare infrastructure and personnel,cultural and geographical barriers,and socioeconomic and behavioral factors hinder the effective prevention,service uptake,and management of eye emergencies.CONCLUSION The authors recommend developing eye health policies,enhancing community engagement,improving healthcare personnel training and retention,and increasing funding for eye care programs as solutions to address the low treatment rate of eye emergencies in Africa.展开更多
The purpose of this research was to propose pedagogical and didactic strategies for teaching radiation protection at higher education and university levels, with the aim of optimizing radiological safety in the Democr...The purpose of this research was to propose pedagogical and didactic strategies for teaching radiation protection at higher education and university levels, with the aim of optimizing radiological safety in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This was done after evaluating the implementation of protective measures against the harmful effects of X-rays in conventional radiology in Kinshasa hospitals. To achieve this, we conducted a survey in 23 Kinshasa hospitals with a sample of 400 health professionals, including 100 radiologists, to assess the level of implementation of radiation protection principles in order to propose pedagogical and didactic remediation in initial training where necessary. In addition to interviewing the respondents, we collected radiophysical parameters to evaluate the degree of irradiation in pediatric and adult radiology services in Kinshasa hospitals. After analyzing the data, the following results were recorded: the surveyed health personnel reported that more than 40% of requested radiology examinations are not justified. Eleven services were found to be highly irradiating in pediatrics (48%) and two radiology services in adults (9%). Finally, all surveyed radiologist health personnel in Kinshasa do not know how to evaluate the degree of irradiation in their services. In light of these results, we proposed pedagogical and didactic remediation in radiation protection teaching during initial training to enable future health professionals to demonstrate competencies for optimizing radiological safety.展开更多
Lipid metabolism refers to the biochemical processes involved in synthesising,storing,utilising,and breaking down lipids in living organisms.Lipids are essential for various physiological functions,including energy st...Lipid metabolism refers to the biochemical processes involved in synthesising,storing,utilising,and breaking down lipids in living organisms.Lipids are essential for various physiological functions,including energy storage,insulation,protection of organs,and the formation of cell membranes.Aberrations in lipid metabolism can lead to a number of health issues,such as atherosclerosis,obesity,and type 2 diabetes,etc.[1].Environmental factors,genetics,and lifestyle factors are some of the factors that can contribute to the development of dyslipidemia.Currently,there is a growing academic interest in the impact of environmental factors.展开更多
Forsythia suspensa,belonging to the deciduous shrubs of the Luteaceae family,a traditional Chinese medicine,has effects of alleviating swelling,clearing heat,detoxification and promoting blood circulation.The leaves o...Forsythia suspensa,belonging to the deciduous shrubs of the Luteaceae family,a traditional Chinese medicine,has effects of alleviating swelling,clearing heat,detoxification and promoting blood circulation.The leaves of F.suspensa contain multiple chemical components and have a long history of use in folk medicines and health foods.The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of forsythin extract from F.suspensa leaves on intestinal microbiota and short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)content in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet.Forsythin extract in F.suspensa leaves increased the abundance of the intestinal microbiota,ameliorated intestinal microbiota disorders and inhibited the increase in total SCFA content in the intestinal tract in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet.These results suggested that forsythin extract in F.suspensa leaves may slow the development of obesity induced by a high-fat diet;thus,its active components and efficacy are worthy of further study.展开更多
This study aimed to explore the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 on the improvement of atherosclerotic inflammation.Arteriosclerosis model ApoE^(-/-)mice were orally administered with B.animalis F1-7 for 12 wee...This study aimed to explore the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 on the improvement of atherosclerotic inflammation.Arteriosclerosis model ApoE^(-/-)mice were orally administered with B.animalis F1-7 for 12 weeks.The probiotic intervention reduced the plaque areas in aorta and the accumulation of macrophages,and downregulated the expression of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)pathway to reduce the levels of inflammatory factors.The widely-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that acetyl-L-carnitine(ALC)in the intestine of atherosclerotic mice was significantly increased after B.animalis F1-7 intervention.Correlation analysis proved that ALC was associated with atherosclerotic inflammatory response.By using oxidized low density lipoprotein induced macrophage foam cells,we further verified that ALC could reduce lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in foam cells by downregulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.Finally,our results revealed that B.animalis F1-7 upregulated the metabolite ALC to downregulate the inflammatory responses,leading to the reduction of plaque accumulation of atherosclerosis.展开更多
Probiotics crosstalk immunity to improve host glycolipid metabolism,which is a new strategy for obesity.This study aimed to explore the functions of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56(K56),in regulating the lipid metabo...Probiotics crosstalk immunity to improve host glycolipid metabolism,which is a new strategy for obesity.This study aimed to explore the functions of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56(K56),in regulating the lipid metabolism of adipocytes and its immune regulation mechanisms.We co-cultured RAW264.7 macrophages with K56,and the K56-stimulated RAW264.7-conditioned medium(K56-CM)was collected and treated with 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes.The expression of lipid metabolism-related markers of adipocytes,and the content of cytokines in CMs were detected.The results demonstrated that K56-CM promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ),CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinα(C/EBPα),and other adipogenesis-related markers,which resulted in the upregulation of lipolysis markers,such as hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL),adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL).The activation of lipolysis enhanced the expression of fatty acidβ-oxidation-related and mitochondrial biogenesis-related markers and reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes.The glycolipid metabolism pattern of K56 may be due to its immunomodulatory characteristics,which stimulated macrophages to secrete fewer TNF-α,thereby promoting the expression of lipolysis-related markers,and TNF-αsynergized with lipase to promote lipolysis.It has not been reported that L.paracasei modulated lipid metabolism via the lipolysis pathway,which suggested that K56 may regulate glycolipid metabolism of the host by maintaining immune homeostasis.展开更多
Mental disorders seriously affect people’s health and social stability.This Mendelian randomization(MR)study was designed to investigate the causal relationship between circulating vitamin C(VC)or 25-hydroxyvitamin D...Mental disorders seriously affect people’s health and social stability.This Mendelian randomization(MR)study was designed to investigate the causal relationship between circulating vitamin C(VC)or 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D)levels and mental disorders.The data used for the MR analysis were derived from the summary genome-wide association studies(GWAS)database for VC and 25(OH)D and from the Finn Gen consortium for fourteen mental disorders.Based on the inverse variance weighted(IVW)method,we found a potential causal association between circulating VC and anxiety disorders(IVW:OR=1.139,95%CI:1.023-1.269,P=0.018).However,no causal association was found between VC or 25(OH)D and other mental disorders(P>0.05).In the reverse MR analysis,individuals with Alzheimer’s disease was causally associated with higher concentrations of circulating VC(P=0.012),while individuals with anxiety disorders had a negative association between the concentrations of 25(OH)D(P=0.012).However,the current evidence does not support a causal relationship between VC or 25(OH)D and other mental disorders.In addition,there was no causal association between circulating VC and 25(OH)D(P>0.05).Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms of potential causality.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of reciprocating morcellation for removing giant benign prostatic hyperplasia during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate,investigate whether perf...Objective:The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of reciprocating morcellation for removing giant benign prostatic hyperplasia during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate,investigate whether performing morcellation as a two-stage procedure improves tissue retrieval efficiency,and seek to determine the optimal interval between the two surgeries.Methods:This study included nine cases of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate with an enucleated prostate weight exceeding 200 g,indicative of substantial prostate enlargement.Morcellation was performed on Day 0(n=4),Day 4(n=1),Day 6(n=1),and Day 7(n=3).The intervals were compared regarding the morcellation efficiency,beach ball presence,and pathology.Results:The mean estimated prostate volume was 383(range 330e528)mL;the median enucleation weight was 252(interquartile range[IQR]222,342)g;and the median enucleation time was 83(IQR 62,100)min.The mean morcellation efficiency was 1.44(SD 0.55)g/min on Day 0 and 13.69(SD 2.46)g/min on day 7.The morcellation efficiency was 4.15 g/min and 10.50 g/min on Day 4 and Day 6,respectively,with significantly higher in the two-stage group compared to one-stage group(11.0 g/min vs.1.5 g/min;p=0.014).Efficiency was strongly correlated with intervals(p<0.001);the incidences of beach balls were 100%(4/4)and 60%(3/5)in the immediate and two-stage surgery groups,respectively.Conclusion:The efficiency of two-stage morcellation with reciprocating morcellators was highly related to the postoperative interval,with the maximum efficiency reached on Day 7.展开更多
The concept of precision nutrition was first proposed almost a decade ago.Current research in precision nutrition primarily focuses on comprehending individualized variations in response to dietary intake,with little ...The concept of precision nutrition was first proposed almost a decade ago.Current research in precision nutrition primarily focuses on comprehending individualized variations in response to dietary intake,with little attention being given to other crucial aspects of precision nutrition.Moreover,there is a dearth of comprehensive review studies that portray the landscape and framework of precision nutrition.This review commences by tracing the historical trajectory of nutritional science,with the aim of dissecting the challenges encountered in nutrition science within the new era of disease profiles.This review also deconstructs the field of precision nutrition into four key components:the proposal of the theory for indi-vidualized nutritional requirement phenotypes;the establishment of precise methods for measuring dietary intake and evaluating nutritional status;the creation of multidimensional nutritional interven-tion strategies that address the aspects of what,how,and when to eat;and the construction of a pathway for the translation and integration of scientific research into healthcare practices,utilizing artificial intel-ligence and information platforms.Incorporating these four components,this review further discusses prospective avenues that warrant exploration to achieve the objective of enhancing health through pre-cision nutrition.展开更多
Food allergy is a significant public health concern globally.Certain probiotics have been found to enhance food allergy by regulating immune-microbe interactions in animal models and patients.However,the effects of Bi...Food allergy is a significant public health concern globally.Certain probiotics have been found to enhance food allergy by regulating immune-microbe interactions in animal models and patients.However,the effects of Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 on food allergy have not been thoroughly investigated.The present study examined the anti-allergic properties of Probio-M8,particularly in relation to immune response and gut microbiota composition.Results demonstrate that oral administration of Probio-M8 effectively mitigated the allergy symptoms triggered by ovalbumin(OVA)by ameliorating the morphological damage in the jejunum,reducing OVA-specific IgE and histamine levels in the serum,and suppressing Th2 cytokines(interleukin(IL)4 and IL-13)while increasing Th1 cytokines(interferon(IFN)γ)and regulatory T(Treg)cytokines(IL-10 and transforming growth factor(TGF)β1)in the culture supernatants of splenic cells.Furthermore,Probio-M8 effectively altered the diversity and composition of gut microbiota,particularly the relative abundances of Akkermansia_muciniphila in OVA-induced mice.Compared to the OVA group,the Probio-M8 group showed a decrease in the relative abundance of Akkermansia_muciniphila.In conclusion,Probio-M8 demonstrates the potential to alleviate food allergy by regulating the Th1/Th2 response and modulating gut microbiota,thereby offering a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with food allergy.展开更多
文摘Objective: Determine the frequency of evacuations, specify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the evacuees, evaluate the data of the evacuation, the management and the maternal-fetal prognosis. Methods: Prospective and descriptive retrospective study concerning obstetrical evacuations received at the maternity ward of the Hospital of the Institute of Social Hygiene in Dakar between January 1 and December 31, 2020, i.e. a period of 12 months. Results: During the study period, we collected 1156 evacuees out of a total of 3507 patients treated in the Service, i.e. a frequency of 33%. The average age of the patients was 27.07 years with extremes of 14 and 46 years. Patients aged between 20 and 29 were the most represented (51.73%). The average parity was 1.6 with extremes of 0 and 10 pares. The nulliparous (46.37%) were the majority. The majority of evacuated patients (99.6%) resided in the Dakar region, including 58% in the suburbs and 42% in the city center. The patients received had performed an average of 3 prenatal consultations with extremes ranging from 0 to 9 CPN. They most often came from health centers (55.05%) or hospitals (29.09%). The reasons for evacuations were dominated by dystocia (21.54%) followed by premature rupture of membranes (17.21%) and premature deliveries (16.35%). On admission, only 176 patients (15.2%) had an evacuation sheet. Patients transited on average through two health structures (extremes ranging from 0 to 7 structures) before reaching the reception structure. The evacuation was most often done with a private vehicle on the patient’s own means (91.96%). The outcome of the evacuees was most often vaginal delivery or hospitalization (72.79%). The majority of patients (99.4%) had evolved favorably but we deplore one maternal death (0.09%) linked to a late puerperal infection. We recorded 74 perinatal deaths and 1041 live births, i.e. a stillbirth rate of 71.1‰ live births. The causes of death were dominated by prematurity (24.7%). Conclusion: Obstetrical evacuations are frequent in our practice but they should be better organized to improve the maternal-fetal prognosis.
文摘Objectives: To specify the epidemiological and clinical profile of the patients, to determine the methods of management and to evaluate the maternal and perinatal prognosis in the association of arterial hypertension and pregnancy (HTA) at the Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study on the management of the association of hypertension and pregnancy in the maternity ward of the Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar between January 1<sup>st</sup>, 2019 and on December 31<sup>st</sup>, 2020. Results: During the study period, we recorded 326 cases of hypertension associated with pregnancy among the 4290 pregnant women, i.e. a frequency of 7.6%. The epidemiological profile of the patients was that of a woman with an average age of 29, nulliparous (48.2%), married (99.1%), at a low socioeconomic level (61.3%) and with a personal history preeclampsia (14.4%). Most patients (83.1%) were evacuated or referred with pre-ec- lampsia as the main reason (40.8%). The average gestational age was 37 weeks of amenorrhea (SA) with extremes of 20 SA 6 days and 41 SA 5 days. Term pregnancies were the most represented (76.7%). Prenatal follow-up (CPN) was carried out in 319 patients (97.8%) with an average number of CPN of 3 and extremes of 1 and 9. Severe diastolic and severe systolic hypertension concerned respectively 19.3% and 16, 9% of patients. One hundred and eighty patients (55.2%) presented with oliguria. Strip albuminuria was performed in 235 patients (72.1%). It found 3 or more crosses in 38.3% of cases. We recorded 53 cases of anemia (16.3%), 16 cases of significant proteinuria (5%), hepatic cytolysis in 22 patients (6.7%), thrombocytopenia in 37 patients (11.3%), and 43 cases of hyperuricaemia (13.2%). Obstetric ultrasound found 36 cases of severe oligohydramnios (11%), 8 twin pregnancies (2.4%) and an umbilical Doppler anomaly in 10 patients (3.1%). Pre-eclampsia was the most common clinical form (70.5%), followed by chronic hypertension (15.1%) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (14.4%). In our study, 32 patients (9.8%) had received resuscitation. The most used anti-hypertensives were alpha methyl-dopa (46.1%) and nicardipine (24.5%). The obstetrical treatment consisted of uterine evacuation which was most often done by caesarean section (63.1%). Maternal complications were dominated by retroplacental hematoma (16.3%) followed by eclampsia (7.4%) and HELLP syndrome (6.7%). We have not recorded any maternal deaths. Prematurity (19.3%) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (16.3%) were the most common perinatal complications. Severe and moderate neonatal asphyxia concerned respectively 14.8% and 14.4% of newborns. The birth weight was on average 2400 grams with extremes of 400 and 4500 grams. Low birth weight accounted for 49.5% of the sample. One hundred and twelve newborns (34.4%) were referred to neonatology most often for neonatal asphyxia (29.2%). We recorded 37 fetal deaths in utero (11.3%) and 10 neonatal deaths (3.1%), representing a perinatal mortality of 168.5 per 1000 live births. During the postnatal follow-up, we noted a normalization of the blood pressure figures in 98.8% of the patients. Contraception was instituted in 150 patients (46.1%). These were most often progestogen implants (32.2%) or intrauterine device (IUD) (11.7%). The choice of delivery route was significantly associated with the clinical form. Indeed, caesarean section was more frequent in case of preeclampsia compared to pregnancy-induced hypertension (p = 0.03). Maternal and perinatal complications such as HELLP syndrome (86.4%), PRH (64.2%), eclampsia (79.2%) and UFID (23.6%) were more frequent in cases severe preeclampsia (p = 0.028, p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The association of hypertension and pregnancy is frequent in our practice. Its prognosis is marked by the risk of prematurity, IUGR and maternal complications.
文摘This study aimed to analyze the environmental factors related to health vulnerability in the municipality of Sèmè-Podji. For this study, 216 households were surveyed using questionnaires. Twelve key informants were enrolled for depth interviews and 18 water samples were collected from different sources used by the populations. It came out of our investigations that water from traditional sources used at Sèmè-Podji was contaminated by various microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and fecal coliforms. 66.38% of households reject domestic waste and 47.41% of them evacuate sewage in the yard. In addition, 93.05% drop stagnant water for natural infiltration. This municipality faces lack of sanitation. The main health problems experienced by people were malaria (46.35%), diarrheal diseases (15.88%). The study stated some results which could improve the help about health management in the area.
文摘Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pandemic of concern to the World Health Organization. It is all the more worrisome because if not properly managed, it can be responsible for several complications, including abnormal blood counts. These abnormalities may also be related to treatment. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to show that adequate antiretroviral therapy can correct various abnormalities exerted by HIV on patients’ blood counts. The specific objective is to determine all the abnormalities we can see in blood count before and during HIV treatment. Materials and Methods: Our study was conducted in the hematology laboratory and the dermatology departments of the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital and the Institute of Social Hygiene. It took place from December 2009 to October 2011. It is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study involving HIV-positive patients (HIV 1 and 2) and under antiretroviral treatment (at least six months of treatment). We included 110 patients in the study. Blood counts were performed at the hematology laboratory of the Aristide le Dantec hospital using a KX21 automaton. Each patient received three blood counts during the first six months of treatment (M0, M3 and M6). A univariate analysis was performed to determine the profile of the abnormalities of the blood count and the chi 2 test was used and a threshold of p 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.6 ± 8.6 years (extremes of 18 and 64 years) with a sex ratio of 0.42 (77 females and 33 males). The prevalence of anemia was 80% (n = 88) at M0, 53, 63% at M3 (n = 59), and 38.20% at M6 (n = 42) (p = 0.02). We noted a favorable evolution with treatment. For the other abnormalities, the evolution was favorable for leukopenia (p = 0.011) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our study showed a correction of blood count abnormalities in PLHIV with antiretroviral treatment.
基金supported by the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Institut Teknologi Bandung,Indonesia through the Research,Community Service,and Innovation Program(P2MI)for the year 2022(Dean's Decree No.:67/IT1.C06/SK-KP.01/2022)for the year 2023(Dean's Decree No.:71C/IT1.C06/SK-TA/2023).
文摘Excessive heavy metal concentrations in water can pose a threat to human health.The research analyzed 160 groundwater samples used for hygiene and sanitation,of which 62 were used for consumption,and 98 other types of drinking water were analyzed.The research findings indicate that 6%of groundwater for hygiene and sanitation and 13%of drinking water(7.8%groundwater,5.2%refill water)were deemed unfit for use due to elevated concentrations of certain heavy metals surpassing the maximum limits.As,Cd,Co,Hg,Mn,and Pb were detected in several drinking water samples deemed unsuitable for consumption.Several heavy metals suspected to originate from natural sources are Co,Fe,Mn,As,and Zn,while Pb,Cd,Hg,and Co are suspected to have anthropogenic sources.Only arsenic exposure through the ingestion pathway posed a non-carcinogenic health risk to the local population.Children were found to be more susceptible than adult males and females.The estimated average non-carcinogenic risk levels based on the water sources were refill water>well water>rainwater>spring water.Therefore,it is essential to monitor raw water sources at refill water depots in the study area and implement policies related to the quality of raw water sources,technology maintenance processes,and the quality of processed water from refill water depots.Additionally,the community should be educated about householdscale water treatment to minimize health risks and consider using untreated well water and rainwater for consumption.
文摘Background: Since it was theorised by Abdel Omran in 1971, the epidemiological transition has been well documented in Latin America, Asia and even increasingly in Africa south of the Sahara. According to this theory, sub-Saharan Africa is in the first phase of development corresponding to the “age of plague and famine”. Given the health statistics currently available, more and more low- and middle-income countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa, are experiencing an increase in mortality and the economic impact associated with non-communicable diseases. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa where non-communicable diseases are currently on the rise. Despite the significant changes observed over the last decades, few studies have been carried out on the epidemiological transition in Côte d’Ivoire. It therefore seemed necessary to examine the changes in patterns of disease occurrence and causes of death in Côte d’Ivoire. Objectives: This work aimed to determine the reality of the epidemiological transition in Côte d’Ivoire and characterize its facies from 1990 to 2020. Methods: A literature review was carried out using PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Google, institutional websites (WHO, World Bank), university library websites and institutional reports from Côte d’Ivoire. The indicators sought were mortality, morbidity, life expectancy and fertility. Results: Mortality fell overall from 13.88‰ to 9.70‰, with variations linked to cyclical situations. Life expectancy rose by 52.6 to 59.03 years, although it is still below 60. Fertility has fallen from 6.3 to 4.5 children. There is a general downward trend in morbidity due to communicable diseases between 2009 and 2019, followed by an increase in non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: Côte d’Ivoire is undergoing an original and complex epidemiological transition that needs to be taken into account in health policies and strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273620,81302427)。
文摘Identifying a potential dietary non-pharmacological treatment to prevent cerebrovascular damage in Alzheimer's disease is crucial for alleviating cognitive decline in older adults and enhancing quality of life.This study featured the combined supplementation of soy lecithin(SL)and soy isoflavones(SIF),using in vivo animal models,in vitro vascular ring preparation,and cell studies to investigate the potential advantages and mechanisms of SL combined with SIF on cognitive function and cerebrovascular health from multiple perspectives.The results show that Aβcan significantly induce learning and memory impairment in rats,as well as pathological changes in brain blood vessels,exacerbating damage to cerebral vasodilation function and subsequently reducing cerebral blood flow in the brain.The above-mentioned phenomena induced by Aβcan be significantly improved by the combined intervention of SL and SIF.Further research has revealed that the combined intervention of SL and SIF can reverse the downregulation of the PI3K/PIP3/PDK-1/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway and phosphorylated protein expression induced by Aβin rat brain vascular tissues and bEND.3 cells.Silencing PDK-1 expression in bEND.3 cells showed that the upregulation effect of SL and SIF on Akt and eNOS disappeared.Here we find that prophylactically supplementation with SL in conjunction with SIF appears to effectively activate the PI3K/PIP3/PDK-1/Akt/e NOS pathway within cerebral vascular.This activation improves cerebrovascular vasodilation,offering potential protective effects for both cerebral vascular health and cognitive function.
文摘The purpose of this research was to evaluate radiological safety in pediatric radiology in hospitals in the Kongo Central province of the DRC. To this end, we surveyed a convenience sample of 50 health professionals, including 10 radiologists working in the hospitals covered by the survey, to assess the practice of pediatric radiology and the degree of compliance with radiation protection principles for the safety of children and the environment. We collected radiophysical parameters to calculate entrance doses in pediatric radiology in radiology departments to determine the dosimetric level by comparison with the diagnostic reference levels of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). All in all, we found that in Kongo Central in the DRC, many health personnel surveyed reported that more than 30% of requested radiological examinations are not justified. Also, after comparing the entrance doses produced in the surveyed departments with those of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), a statistically significant difference was found in pediatric radiology between the average doses in five out of six surveyed departments and those of the ICRP. Therefore, almost all of the surveyed departments were found to be highly irradiating in children, while excessive X-ray irradiation in children can have significant effects due to their increased sensitivity to radiation. Among the risks are: increased cancer risks, damage to developing cells, potential genetic effects, and neurological effects. This is why support for implementing radiation protection principles is a necessity to promote the safety of patients and the environment against the harmful effects of X-rays in conventional radiology.
文摘Introduction: The WHO’s measles control strategy is based on epidemiological surveillance and vaccination. Little is currently known about the performance of the surveillance system, particularly in outlying areas. It is in this context that the present study was carried out to evaluate the measles epidemiological surveillance system in the Kangaba health district. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection for the period from 1 January to 31 December 2022 in the Kangaba health district with 18 epidemiological surveillance officers. Data were collected using an observation grid and documentary analysis. Results: We found a simplicity of 97%, a representativeness of 95% and a reactivity of 53%. Not all notified cases were sampled (64%). Of the 17 CSCom, 8 were positive. A total of 34 confirmed cases of measles were recorded, with one death. Conclusion: Overall, the system is functional and well-established in the health centres, but it remains important to ensure that suspected cases are investigated and that the time between sampling and the availability of laboratory results is respected.
基金supported by the Special Funds of Basic Research of Central Public Welfare Institute(JY2010 and ZX2410)。
文摘Background:Fructose may induce non-alcoholic fatty acids(NAFLD)due to the gut-liver axis interactions.The mechanism of fructose impairing colon barrier is unrevealed.Methods:Normal and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced Sprague-Dawley rats fed by 35%fructose diets were used to evaluate colon barrier functions.Microbiome and metabolome were applied to screen potential biomarker bacteria and metabolites induced by fructose.HT-29 cells were applied to validate metabolite biomarker indoleacrylic acid(IAA)and indole-3-carboxaldehyde(I3A)function in colon barrier which impaired by fructose.Results:Fructose induced colon barrier dysfunction,aggravated colon impairment in DSS-induced rats.With fructose intake,the colon length shortened,goblet numbers declined,inflammation infiltration induced,inflammatory cytokines increased,and apoptosis signals upregulated in colon tissue.Moreover,fructose induced dysbiosis of microbiota and their metabolites.Adlercreutzia and Holdemania were screened out as potential bacteria biomarkers,IAA and I3A as tryptophan metabolites were selected as metabolite biomarkers inhibited by fructose.IAA and I3A treatment alleviated the impairment induced by fructose by increasing trans epithelial electric resistance value,tight junction proteins,and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor(Ah R)activity in HT-29 cell.Conclusion:Fructose stimulated inflammation,apoptosis,gut bacteria alteration,and induced the reduction of IAA and I3A.Since fructose inhibited production of IAA and I3A,Ah R remained inactivated and consequently induced colon barrier dysfunction.
文摘BACKGROUND Emergency medical care is essential in preventing morbidity and mortality,especially when interventions are time-sensitive and require immediate access to supplies and trained personnel.AIM To assess the treatment rates of eye emergencies in Africa.Ocular emergencies are particularly delicate due to the eye’s intricate structure and the necessity for its refractive components to remain transparent.METHODS This review examines the low treatment rates of eye emergencies in Africa,drawing on 96 records extracted from the PubMed database using predetermined search criteria.RESULTS The epidemiology of ocular injuries,as detailed in the studies,reveals significant relationships between the incidence and prevalence of eye injuries and factors such as age,gender,and occupation.The causes of eye emergencies range from accidents to gender-based violence and insect or animal attacks.Management approaches reported in the review include both surgical and non-surgical interventions,from medication to evisceration or enucleation of the eye.Preventive measures emphasize eye health education and the use of protective eyewear and facial protection.However,inadequate healthcare infrastructure and personnel,cultural and geographical barriers,and socioeconomic and behavioral factors hinder the effective prevention,service uptake,and management of eye emergencies.CONCLUSION The authors recommend developing eye health policies,enhancing community engagement,improving healthcare personnel training and retention,and increasing funding for eye care programs as solutions to address the low treatment rate of eye emergencies in Africa.
文摘The purpose of this research was to propose pedagogical and didactic strategies for teaching radiation protection at higher education and university levels, with the aim of optimizing radiological safety in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This was done after evaluating the implementation of protective measures against the harmful effects of X-rays in conventional radiology in Kinshasa hospitals. To achieve this, we conducted a survey in 23 Kinshasa hospitals with a sample of 400 health professionals, including 100 radiologists, to assess the level of implementation of radiation protection principles in order to propose pedagogical and didactic remediation in initial training where necessary. In addition to interviewing the respondents, we collected radiophysical parameters to evaluate the degree of irradiation in pediatric and adult radiology services in Kinshasa hospitals. After analyzing the data, the following results were recorded: the surveyed health personnel reported that more than 40% of requested radiology examinations are not justified. Eleven services were found to be highly irradiating in pediatrics (48%) and two radiology services in adults (9%). Finally, all surveyed radiologist health personnel in Kinshasa do not know how to evaluate the degree of irradiation in their services. In light of these results, we proposed pedagogical and didactic remediation in radiation protection teaching during initial training to enable future health professionals to demonstrate competencies for optimizing radiological safety.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province[LH2021H011].
文摘Lipid metabolism refers to the biochemical processes involved in synthesising,storing,utilising,and breaking down lipids in living organisms.Lipids are essential for various physiological functions,including energy storage,insulation,protection of organs,and the formation of cell membranes.Aberrations in lipid metabolism can lead to a number of health issues,such as atherosclerosis,obesity,and type 2 diabetes,etc.[1].Environmental factors,genetics,and lifestyle factors are some of the factors that can contribute to the development of dyslipidemia.Currently,there is a growing academic interest in the impact of environmental factors.
基金funded by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0500604)。
文摘Forsythia suspensa,belonging to the deciduous shrubs of the Luteaceae family,a traditional Chinese medicine,has effects of alleviating swelling,clearing heat,detoxification and promoting blood circulation.The leaves of F.suspensa contain multiple chemical components and have a long history of use in folk medicines and health foods.The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of forsythin extract from F.suspensa leaves on intestinal microbiota and short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)content in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet.Forsythin extract in F.suspensa leaves increased the abundance of the intestinal microbiota,ameliorated intestinal microbiota disorders and inhibited the increase in total SCFA content in the intestinal tract in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet.These results suggested that forsythin extract in F.suspensa leaves may slow the development of obesity induced by a high-fat diet;thus,its active components and efficacy are worthy of further study.
基金supported by Shandong Taishan industry leading talent project(LJNY202101)the National Key R&D of China(2018YFC0311201)。
文摘This study aimed to explore the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 on the improvement of atherosclerotic inflammation.Arteriosclerosis model ApoE^(-/-)mice were orally administered with B.animalis F1-7 for 12 weeks.The probiotic intervention reduced the plaque areas in aorta and the accumulation of macrophages,and downregulated the expression of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)pathway to reduce the levels of inflammatory factors.The widely-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that acetyl-L-carnitine(ALC)in the intestine of atherosclerotic mice was significantly increased after B.animalis F1-7 intervention.Correlation analysis proved that ALC was associated with atherosclerotic inflammatory response.By using oxidized low density lipoprotein induced macrophage foam cells,we further verified that ALC could reduce lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in foam cells by downregulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.Finally,our results revealed that B.animalis F1-7 upregulated the metabolite ALC to downregulate the inflammatory responses,leading to the reduction of plaque accumulation of atherosclerosis.
基金supported by the Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., and National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973042).
文摘Probiotics crosstalk immunity to improve host glycolipid metabolism,which is a new strategy for obesity.This study aimed to explore the functions of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56(K56),in regulating the lipid metabolism of adipocytes and its immune regulation mechanisms.We co-cultured RAW264.7 macrophages with K56,and the K56-stimulated RAW264.7-conditioned medium(K56-CM)was collected and treated with 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes.The expression of lipid metabolism-related markers of adipocytes,and the content of cytokines in CMs were detected.The results demonstrated that K56-CM promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ),CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinα(C/EBPα),and other adipogenesis-related markers,which resulted in the upregulation of lipolysis markers,such as hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL),adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL).The activation of lipolysis enhanced the expression of fatty acidβ-oxidation-related and mitochondrial biogenesis-related markers and reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes.The glycolipid metabolism pattern of K56 may be due to its immunomodulatory characteristics,which stimulated macrophages to secrete fewer TNF-α,thereby promoting the expression of lipolysis-related markers,and TNF-αsynergized with lipase to promote lipolysis.It has not been reported that L.paracasei modulated lipid metabolism via the lipolysis pathway,which suggested that K56 may regulate glycolipid metabolism of the host by maintaining immune homeostasis.
基金funded by the Nactional Natural Science Foundation of China(81872618)。
文摘Mental disorders seriously affect people’s health and social stability.This Mendelian randomization(MR)study was designed to investigate the causal relationship between circulating vitamin C(VC)or 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D)levels and mental disorders.The data used for the MR analysis were derived from the summary genome-wide association studies(GWAS)database for VC and 25(OH)D and from the Finn Gen consortium for fourteen mental disorders.Based on the inverse variance weighted(IVW)method,we found a potential causal association between circulating VC and anxiety disorders(IVW:OR=1.139,95%CI:1.023-1.269,P=0.018).However,no causal association was found between VC or 25(OH)D and other mental disorders(P>0.05).In the reverse MR analysis,individuals with Alzheimer’s disease was causally associated with higher concentrations of circulating VC(P=0.012),while individuals with anxiety disorders had a negative association between the concentrations of 25(OH)D(P=0.012).However,the current evidence does not support a causal relationship between VC or 25(OH)D and other mental disorders.In addition,there was no causal association between circulating VC and 25(OH)D(P>0.05).Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms of potential causality.
文摘Objective:The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of reciprocating morcellation for removing giant benign prostatic hyperplasia during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate,investigate whether performing morcellation as a two-stage procedure improves tissue retrieval efficiency,and seek to determine the optimal interval between the two surgeries.Methods:This study included nine cases of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate with an enucleated prostate weight exceeding 200 g,indicative of substantial prostate enlargement.Morcellation was performed on Day 0(n=4),Day 4(n=1),Day 6(n=1),and Day 7(n=3).The intervals were compared regarding the morcellation efficiency,beach ball presence,and pathology.Results:The mean estimated prostate volume was 383(range 330e528)mL;the median enucleation weight was 252(interquartile range[IQR]222,342)g;and the median enucleation time was 83(IQR 62,100)min.The mean morcellation efficiency was 1.44(SD 0.55)g/min on Day 0 and 13.69(SD 2.46)g/min on day 7.The morcellation efficiency was 4.15 g/min and 10.50 g/min on Day 4 and Day 6,respectively,with significantly higher in the two-stage group compared to one-stage group(11.0 g/min vs.1.5 g/min;p=0.014).Efficiency was strongly correlated with intervals(p<0.001);the incidences of beach balls were 100%(4/4)and 60%(3/5)in the immediate and two-stage surgery groups,respectively.Conclusion:The efficiency of two-stage morcellation with reciprocating morcellators was highly related to the postoperative interval,with the maximum efficiency reached on Day 7.
基金supported funds from the National Natural Science Foundation(U21A20398 to Changhao Sun,82173498 to Tianshu Han82204016 to Wei Wei,82204017 to Wenbo Jiang).
文摘The concept of precision nutrition was first proposed almost a decade ago.Current research in precision nutrition primarily focuses on comprehending individualized variations in response to dietary intake,with little attention being given to other crucial aspects of precision nutrition.Moreover,there is a dearth of comprehensive review studies that portray the landscape and framework of precision nutrition.This review commences by tracing the historical trajectory of nutritional science,with the aim of dissecting the challenges encountered in nutrition science within the new era of disease profiles.This review also deconstructs the field of precision nutrition into four key components:the proposal of the theory for indi-vidualized nutritional requirement phenotypes;the establishment of precise methods for measuring dietary intake and evaluating nutritional status;the creation of multidimensional nutritional interven-tion strategies that address the aspects of what,how,and when to eat;and the construction of a pathway for the translation and integration of scientific research into healthcare practices,utilizing artificial intel-ligence and information platforms.Incorporating these four components,this review further discusses prospective avenues that warrant exploration to achieve the objective of enhancing health through pre-cision nutrition.
基金the financial supporting by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1102400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102093)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210226)。
文摘Food allergy is a significant public health concern globally.Certain probiotics have been found to enhance food allergy by regulating immune-microbe interactions in animal models and patients.However,the effects of Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 on food allergy have not been thoroughly investigated.The present study examined the anti-allergic properties of Probio-M8,particularly in relation to immune response and gut microbiota composition.Results demonstrate that oral administration of Probio-M8 effectively mitigated the allergy symptoms triggered by ovalbumin(OVA)by ameliorating the morphological damage in the jejunum,reducing OVA-specific IgE and histamine levels in the serum,and suppressing Th2 cytokines(interleukin(IL)4 and IL-13)while increasing Th1 cytokines(interferon(IFN)γ)and regulatory T(Treg)cytokines(IL-10 and transforming growth factor(TGF)β1)in the culture supernatants of splenic cells.Furthermore,Probio-M8 effectively altered the diversity and composition of gut microbiota,particularly the relative abundances of Akkermansia_muciniphila in OVA-induced mice.Compared to the OVA group,the Probio-M8 group showed a decrease in the relative abundance of Akkermansia_muciniphila.In conclusion,Probio-M8 demonstrates the potential to alleviate food allergy by regulating the Th1/Th2 response and modulating gut microbiota,thereby offering a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with food allergy.
