Background:Meeting 24-h movement guidelines by children and adolescents has been associated with improved indicators of health,although it has been under-studied in China.Hence,this study aimed to investigate the prev...Background:Meeting 24-h movement guidelines by children and adolescents has been associated with improved indicators of health,although it has been under-studied in China.Hence,this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines,its correlates,and its relationships with body mass index in children and adolescents in China.Methods:Cross-sectional data from the 2017 Youth Study in China of 114,072 children and adolescents(mean age=13.75 years,49.18%boys)were used.Meeting 24-h movement guidelines(60 min of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,2 h of daily leisure screen time,911 h and 810 h nightly sleep duration for 613-year-olds and 1417-year-olds,respectively)and height and weight of all participants were assessed.The prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and World Health Organization weight status categories were determined.Generalized linear models were used to determine the correlates of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and the relationships of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines with overweight(OW)and obesity(OB).Results:Only 5.12%of Chinese children and adolescents met the 24-h movement guidelines,and 22.44%were classified as OW/OB.Older children and adolescents were less likely to meet the 24-h movement guidelines.Parental education level and family income were positively related to meeting the 24-h movement guidelines.Children and adolescents meeting the 24-h movement guidelines showed lower odds ratios for OW/OB.Compared with participants meeting the 24-h movement guidelines,boys in 4th6th grades met none of the recommendations(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.061.40),met the screen time recommendation only(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.011.28),met the nightly sleep duration recommendation only(OR=1.14,95%CI:1.031.28),and had significantly higher odds ratios for OW/OB.Similar trends were observed for girls in 4th6th grades:meeting none of the guidelines(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.141.59),meeting sleep duration guidelines only(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.081.39),and meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity+nightly sleep duration guidelines(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.011.54).For girls in 7th9th grades,the following trend was observed:meeting none of the guidelines(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.011.67).Conclusion:Very few Chinese children and adolescents met the 24-h movement guidelines.Age(negatively correlated),parental education level,and family income(both positively correlated)were correlates of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines.Children and adolescents meeting the 24-h movement guidelines were more likely to have lower risks for OW/OB,especially in the youngest age group(Grades 46);and girls in the middle age group(Grades 79)were also more likely to have lower risks for OW/OB.Further research studies should explore additional correlates and determinants for meeting the 24-h movement guidelines.Also,future studies should use longitudinal or interventional designs to determine the relationships between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and OW/OB and other health indicators,while taking sex and age differences into account.展开更多
Background:New research suggests that the composition(mix)of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health across the lifespan.Consistent with this integrated movement behavior par...Background:New research suggests that the composition(mix)of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health across the lifespan.Consistent with this integrated movement behavior paradigm,a number of countries across the world have developed and released 24-h movement guidelines for specific age groups.The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors,or adherence to 24-h movement guidelines,and multiple health indicators across the lifespan.Methods:Five online databases(PsycINFO,PubMed,SPORTDiscus,Web of Science,and Ovid MEDLINE)were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies published between January 2015 and January 2020 that met the a priori inclusion criteria,with no study design limits.The methodological quality of research evidence for each individual study and for each health indicator was assessed by using a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist.Results:A total of 51 studies from 20 different countries met the inclusion criteria.A total of 31 studies examined adherence(meeting vs.not meeting)to 24-h movement guidelines,and 20 studies used compositional analyses to explore the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors.Findings indicated that meeting the 24-h movement guidelines were(1)not associated with adiposity among toddlers,(2)favorably associated with health-related quality of life,social-cognitive development,and behavioral and emotional problems among preschoolers,(3)favorably associated with global cognition,health-related quality of life,and healthy dietary patterns in children,and(4)favorably associated with adiposity,fitness,and cardiometabolic,mental,social,and emotional health among children and youth.Significant associations were also found between the composition of 24-h movement behaviors and indicators of(1)adiposity and bone and skeletal health among preschoolers,(2)health-related quality of life among children,(3)adiposity,fitness,and cardiometabolic,social,and emotional health among children and youth,(4)cardiometabolic health in adults,(5)adiposity and fitness among adults and older adults,and(6)mental health and risk of mortality among older adults.The quality of the available evidence ranged from poor to good.Conclusion:The current evidence indicates that the composition of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health at all ages and that meeting the current 24-h movement guidelines is associated with a number of desirable health indicators in children and youth.Future studies should employ longitudinal and experimental designs,include valid and reliable measures of 24-h movement behaviors,and examine a wide array of health indicators across all age groups.Such studies would confirm the results from the primarily cross-sectional evidence drawn from studies included in our review and further advance our understanding of the relationships between 24-h movement behaviors and health.展开更多
Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to develop an assessment of the fundamental, combined, and complex movement skills required to support childhood physical literacy. The secondary aim was to establish the fea...Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to develop an assessment of the fundamental, combined, and complex movement skills required to support childhood physical literacy. The secondary aim was to establish the feasibility, objectivity, and reliability evidence for the assessment.Methods: An expert advisory group recommended a course format for the assessment that would require children to complete a series of dynamic movement skills. Criterion-referenced skill performance and completion time were the recommended forms of evaluation. Children, 8–12 years of age, self-reported their age and gender and then completed the study assessments while attending local schools or day camps. Face validity was previously established through a Delphi expert(n = 19, 21% female) review process. Convergent validity was evaluated by age and gender associations with assessment performance. Inter-and intra-rater(n = 53, 34% female) objectivity and test–retest(n = 60, 47% female) reliability were assessed through repeated test administration.Results: Median total score was 21 of 28 points(range 5–28). Median completion time was 17 s. Total scores were feasible for all 995 children who self-reported age and gender. Total score did not differ between inside and outside environments(95% confidence interval(CI) of difference:-0.7 to 0.6;p = 0.91) or with/without footwear(95%CI of difference:-2.5 to 1.9; p = 0.77). Older age(p < 0.001, η2= 0.15) and male gender(p < 0.001, η2= 0.02)were associated with a higher total score. Inter-rater objectivity evidence was excellent(intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) = 0.99) for completion time and substantial for skill score(ICC = 0.69) for 104 attempts by 53 children(34% female). Intra-rater objectivity was moderate(ICC = 0.52) for skill score and excellent for completion time(ICC = 0.99). Reliability was excellent for completion time over a short(2–4 days; ICC = 0.84) or long(8–14days; ICC = 0.82) interval. Skill score reliability was moderate(ICC = 0.46) over a short interval, and substantial(ICC = 0.74) over a long interval.Conclusion: The Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment is a feasible measure of selected fundamental, complex and combined movement skills, which are an important building block for childhood physical literacy. Moderate-to-excellent objectivity was demonstrated for children 8–12 years of age. Test–retest reliability has been established over an interval of at least 1 week. The time and skill scores can be accurately estimated by 1 trained examiner.展开更多
Background:Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines(physical activity,screen time,and sleep duration) has been associated with positive health indicators.However,there are no previous meta-analyses that have examined t...Background:Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines(physical activity,screen time,and sleep duration) has been associated with positive health indicators.However,there are no previous meta-analyses that have examined the overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines from pre-school to adolescence across the world.Therefore,the main purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the overall(non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among preschoolers,children,and adolescents worldwide.Methods:Four electronic databases(MEDLINE,Scopus,Web of Science,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for quantitative studies published in Spanish and English between January 2016 and May 2021.Studies that were conducted with apparently healthy participants and reported the overall(non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines in preschoolers and/or children and/or adolescents were included.Results:Sixty-three studies comprising 387,437 individuals(51% girls) aged 3-18 years from 23 countries were included.Overall,7.12%(95%confidence interval(95%CI):6.45%-7.78%) of youth met all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines,and 19.21%(95%CI:16.73%-21.69%)met none of the 3 recommendations.Concerning sex,adherence to all recommendations was significantly lower in girls(3.75%,95%CI:3.23%-4.27%) than in boys(6.89%,95%CI:5.89%-7.89%)(p <0.001).However,there were no sex differences regarding adherence to any of the 3 individual recommendations(girls,15.66%,95%CI:8.40%-22.92%;boys,12.95%,95%CI:6.57%-19.33%).In terms of age group,adherence to the 3 recommendations was 11.26%(95%CI:8.68%-13.84%),10.31%(95%CI:7.49%-13.12%),and 2.68%(95%CI:1.78%-3.58%) in preschoolers,children,and adolescents,respectively.Conversely,8.81%(95%CI:5.97%-11.64%) of preschoolers,15.57%(95%CI:11.60%-19.54%) of children,and 28.59%(95%CI:22.42%-34.75%) of adolescents did not meet any of the recommendations.South America was the region with the lowest adherence(all:2.93%;none:31.72%).Overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was positively related to country Human Development Index(β=-0.37,95%CI:-0.65 to-0.09;p=0.010).Conclusion:Most young people fail to meet the three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines,particularly adolescents,girls,and those who are from countries with a lower Human Development Index.Moreover,1 in 5 young people did not meet any of these recommendations.Therefore,these results highlight the need to develop age-and sex-specific strategies to promote these movement behaviors from the early stages of life.展开更多
Background:The Canadian 24-hour movement behavior(24-HMB)guidelines suggest that a limited amount of screen time use,an adequate level of physical activity(PA),and sufficient sleep duration are beneficial for ensuring...Background:The Canadian 24-hour movement behavior(24-HMB)guidelines suggest that a limited amount of screen time use,an adequate level of physical activity(PA),and sufficient sleep duration are beneficial for ensuring and optimizing the health and quality of life(QoL)of children and adolescents.However,this topic has yet to be examined for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)specifically.The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to examine the associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and several QoLrelated indicators among a national sample of American children and adolescents with ASD.Methods:Data were taken from the 2020 U.S.National Survey of Children’s Health dataset.Participants(n=956)aged 617 years and currently diagnosed with ASD were included.The exposure of interest was adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines.Outcomes were QoL indicators,including learning interest/curiosity,repeating grades,adaptive ability,victimization by bullying,and behavioral problems.Categorical variables were described with unweighted sample counts and weighted percentages.Age,sex,race,preterm birth status,medication,behavioral treatment,household poverty level,and the educational level of the primary caregivers were included as covariates.Odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)were used to present the strength of association between adherence to 24-HMB guidelines and QoL-related indicators.Results:Overall,452 participants(45.34%)met 1 of the 3 recommendations,216(22.65%)met 2 recommendations,whereas only 39 participants(5.04%)met all 3 recommendations.Compared with meeting none of the recommendations,meeting both sleep duration and PA recommendations(OR=3.92,95%CI:1.639.48,p<0.001)or all 3 recommendations(OR=2.11,95%CI:1.034.35,p=0.04)was associated with higher odds of showing learning interest/curiosity.Meeting both screen time and PA recommendations(OR=0.15,95%CI:0.040.61,p<0.05)or both sleep duration and PA recommendations(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.070.87,p<0.05)was associated with lower odds of repeating any grades.With respect to adaptive ability,participants who met only the PA recommendation of the 24-HMB were less likely to have difficulties dressing or bathing(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.020.66,p<0.05)than those who did not.For participants who met all 3 recommendations(OR=0.38,95%CI:0.150.99,p=0.05),the odds of being victimized by bullying was lower.Participants who adhered to both sleep duration and PA recommendations were less likely to present with severe behavioral problems(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.040.71,p<0.05)than those who did not meet those guidelines.Conclusion:Significant associations were found between adhering to 24-HMB guidelines and selected QoL indicators.These findings highlight the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle as a key factor in promoting and preserving the QoL of children with ASD.展开更多
A new paradigm employing 24-h movement guidelines that combines recommendations for movement behaviors across the whole day(physical activities of all intensities,sedentary behaviors,and sleep)is gaining momentum arou...A new paradigm employing 24-h movement guidelines that combines recommendations for movement behaviors across the whole day(physical activities of all intensities,sedentary behaviors,and sleep)is gaining momentum around the globe,and several jurisdictions are developing and releasing evidence-informed public health guidelines embracing this approach.1,2 The Sedentary Behavior Research Network(SBRN),the world’s largest network of researchers and health professionals focusing specifically on the health impact of sedentary behaviors,embraces this new paradigm and has worked to normalize the integration of sedentary behaviors into the movement-behavior paradigm.展开更多
Background:Physical activity,sleep,and sedentary behaviors compose 24-h movement behaviors and have been independently associated with depressive symptoms.However,it is not clear whether it is the movement behavior it...Background:Physical activity,sleep,and sedentary behaviors compose 24-h movement behaviors and have been independently associated with depressive symptoms.However,it is not clear whether it is the movement behavior itself or other contextual factors that are related to depressive symptoms.The objective of the present study was to examine the associations between self-reported and accelerometer-measured movement behaviors and depressive symptoms in adolescents.Methods:Cross-sectional data from 610 adolescents(14-18 years old)were used.Adolescents answered questions from the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale and reported time spent watching videos,playing videogames,using social media,time spent in various physical activities,and daytime sleepiness.Wrist-worn accelerometers were used to measure sleep duration,sleep efficiency,sedentary time,and physical activity.Mixed-effects logistic regressions were used.Results:Almost half of the adolescents(48%)were classified as being at high risk for depression(score≥20).No significant associations were found between depressive symptoms and accelerometer-measured movement behaviors,self-reported non-sport physical activity,watching videos,and playing videogames.However,higher levels of self-reported total physical activity(odd ratio(OR)=0.92,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.86-0.98)and volume of sports(OR=0.88,95%CI:0.79-0.97),in minutes,were associated with a lower risk of depression,while using social media for either 2.0-3.9 h/day(OR=1.77,95%CI:1.58-2.70)or>3.9 h/day(OR=1.67,95%CI:1.10-2.54),as well as higher levels of daytime sleepiness(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.12-1.22),were associated with a higher risk of depression.Conclusion:What adolescents do when they are active or sedentary may be more important than the time spent in the movement behaviors because it relates to depressive symptoms.Targeting daytime sleepiness,promoting sports,and limiting social media use may benefit adolescents.展开更多
Background:Limited nationally representative evidence is available on temporal trends in physical fitness(PF)for children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.The primary aim was to ex...Background:Limited nationally representative evidence is available on temporal trends in physical fitness(PF)for children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.The primary aim was to examine the temporal trends in PF for Japanese children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.The secondary aim was to estimate the concurrent trends in body size(measured as body mass and height)and movement behaviors(exercise,screen,and sleep time).Methods:Census PF data for children in Grade 5(aged 10-11 years)and adolescents in Grade 8(aged 13-14 years)were obtained for the years 2013-2021 from the National Survey of Physical Fitness,Athletic Performance,and Exercise Habits in Japan(n=16,647,699).PF and body size were objectively measured,and movement behaviors were self-reported.Using sample-weighted linear regression,temporal trends in mean PF were calculated before the pandemic(2013-2019)and during the pandemic(2019-2021)with adjustments for age,sex,body size,and exercise time.Results:When adjusted for age,sex,body size,and exercise time,there were significant declines in PF during the pandemic,with the largest declines observed in 20-m shuttle run(standardized(Cohen’s)effect size(ES)=-0.109 per annum(p.a.))and sit-ups performance(ES=-0.133p.a.).The magnitude of the declines in 20-m shuttle run and sit-ups performances were 18-and 15-fold larger,respectively,than the improvements seen before the pandemic(2013-2019),after adjusting for age,sex,body size,and exercise time.During the pandemic,both body mass and screen time significantly increased,and exercise time decreased.Conclusion:Declines in 20-m shuttle run and sit-ups performances suggest corresponding declines in population health during the COVID-19pandemic.展开更多
1.Light intensity physical activity(PA)benefits health PA guidelines worldwide recommend that adults accumulate 150 min of moderate intensity or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA(moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA))weekly to ...1.Light intensity physical activity(PA)benefits health PA guidelines worldwide recommend that adults accumulate 150 min of moderate intensity or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA(moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA))weekly to achieve health benefits.1-3 Absent from these guidelines are recommendations for light intensity PA(LPA,e.g.,walking at a leisurely pace of 3 km/h or less,equivalent to 1.5-2.9 metabolic equivalents).展开更多
Background:Cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is a powerful health marker recommended by the American Heart Association as a clinical vital sign.Comparing the predictive validity of objectively measured CRF(the"gold s...Background:Cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is a powerful health marker recommended by the American Heart Association as a clinical vital sign.Comparing the predictive validity of objectively measured CRF(the"gold standara")and estimated CRF is clinically relevant because estimated CRF is more feasible.Our objective was to meta-analyze cohort studies to compare the associations of objectively measured,exerciseestimated,and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality in adults.Methods:Systematic searches were conducted in 9 databases(MEDLINE,SPORTDiscus,Embase,Scopus,PsycINFO,Web of Science,PubMed,CINAHL,and the Cochrane Library)up to April 11,2024.We included full-text refereed cohort studies published in English that quantified the association(using risk estimates with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs))of objectively measured,exercise-estimated,and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and CVD mortality in adults.CRF was expressed as metabolic equivalents(METs)of task.Pooled relative risks(RR)for all-cause and CVD mortality per 1-MET(3.5 mL/kg/min)higher level of CRF were quantified using random-effects models.Results:Forty-two studies representing 35 cohorts and 3,813,484 observations(81%male)(362,771 all-cause and 56,471 CVD deaths)were included.The pooled RRs for all-cause and CVD mortality per higher MET were 0.86(95%CI:0.83-0.88)and 0.84(95%CI:0.80-0.87),respectively.For both all-cause and CVD mortality,there were no statistically significant differences in RR per higher MET between objectively measured(RR range:0.86-0.90)and maximal exercise-estimated(RR range:0.85-0.86),submaximal exercise-estimated(RR range:0.91-0.94),and non-exercise-estimated CRF(RR range:0.81-0.85).Conclusion:Objectively measured and estimated CRF showed similar dose-response associations for all-cause and CVD mortality in adults.Estimated CRF could provide a practical and robust alternative to objectively measured CRF for assessing mortality risk across diverse populations.Our findings underscore the health-related benefits of higher CRF and advocate for its integration into clinical practice to enhance risk stratification.展开更多
基金the Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.16ZDA227)The first and corresponding authors(STC and YL)are supported by grants from the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.19BTY077)+1 种基金the Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.A1904)the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Performance(Shanghai University of Sport,No.11DZ2261100)。
文摘Background:Meeting 24-h movement guidelines by children and adolescents has been associated with improved indicators of health,although it has been under-studied in China.Hence,this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines,its correlates,and its relationships with body mass index in children and adolescents in China.Methods:Cross-sectional data from the 2017 Youth Study in China of 114,072 children and adolescents(mean age=13.75 years,49.18%boys)were used.Meeting 24-h movement guidelines(60 min of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,2 h of daily leisure screen time,911 h and 810 h nightly sleep duration for 613-year-olds and 1417-year-olds,respectively)and height and weight of all participants were assessed.The prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and World Health Organization weight status categories were determined.Generalized linear models were used to determine the correlates of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and the relationships of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines with overweight(OW)and obesity(OB).Results:Only 5.12%of Chinese children and adolescents met the 24-h movement guidelines,and 22.44%were classified as OW/OB.Older children and adolescents were less likely to meet the 24-h movement guidelines.Parental education level and family income were positively related to meeting the 24-h movement guidelines.Children and adolescents meeting the 24-h movement guidelines showed lower odds ratios for OW/OB.Compared with participants meeting the 24-h movement guidelines,boys in 4th6th grades met none of the recommendations(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.061.40),met the screen time recommendation only(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.011.28),met the nightly sleep duration recommendation only(OR=1.14,95%CI:1.031.28),and had significantly higher odds ratios for OW/OB.Similar trends were observed for girls in 4th6th grades:meeting none of the guidelines(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.141.59),meeting sleep duration guidelines only(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.081.39),and meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity+nightly sleep duration guidelines(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.011.54).For girls in 7th9th grades,the following trend was observed:meeting none of the guidelines(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.011.67).Conclusion:Very few Chinese children and adolescents met the 24-h movement guidelines.Age(negatively correlated),parental education level,and family income(both positively correlated)were correlates of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines.Children and adolescents meeting the 24-h movement guidelines were more likely to have lower risks for OW/OB,especially in the youngest age group(Grades 46);and girls in the middle age group(Grades 79)were also more likely to have lower risks for OW/OB.Further research studies should explore additional correlates and determinants for meeting the 24-h movement guidelines.Also,future studies should use longitudinal or interventional designs to determine the relationships between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and OW/OB and other health indicators,while taking sex and age differences into account.
文摘Background:New research suggests that the composition(mix)of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health across the lifespan.Consistent with this integrated movement behavior paradigm,a number of countries across the world have developed and released 24-h movement guidelines for specific age groups.The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors,or adherence to 24-h movement guidelines,and multiple health indicators across the lifespan.Methods:Five online databases(PsycINFO,PubMed,SPORTDiscus,Web of Science,and Ovid MEDLINE)were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies published between January 2015 and January 2020 that met the a priori inclusion criteria,with no study design limits.The methodological quality of research evidence for each individual study and for each health indicator was assessed by using a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist.Results:A total of 51 studies from 20 different countries met the inclusion criteria.A total of 31 studies examined adherence(meeting vs.not meeting)to 24-h movement guidelines,and 20 studies used compositional analyses to explore the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors.Findings indicated that meeting the 24-h movement guidelines were(1)not associated with adiposity among toddlers,(2)favorably associated with health-related quality of life,social-cognitive development,and behavioral and emotional problems among preschoolers,(3)favorably associated with global cognition,health-related quality of life,and healthy dietary patterns in children,and(4)favorably associated with adiposity,fitness,and cardiometabolic,mental,social,and emotional health among children and youth.Significant associations were also found between the composition of 24-h movement behaviors and indicators of(1)adiposity and bone and skeletal health among preschoolers,(2)health-related quality of life among children,(3)adiposity,fitness,and cardiometabolic,social,and emotional health among children and youth,(4)cardiometabolic health in adults,(5)adiposity and fitness among adults and older adults,and(6)mental health and risk of mortality among older adults.The quality of the available evidence ranged from poor to good.Conclusion:The current evidence indicates that the composition of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health at all ages and that meeting the current 24-h movement guidelines is associated with a number of desirable health indicators in children and youth.Future studies should employ longitudinal and experimental designs,include valid and reliable measures of 24-h movement behaviors,and examine a wide array of health indicators across all age groups.Such studies would confirm the results from the primarily cross-sectional evidence drawn from studies included in our review and further advance our understanding of the relationships between 24-h movement behaviors and health.
基金funded by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research awarded to Dr. Meghann Lloyd and Dr. Mark Tremblay (IHD 94356)
文摘Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to develop an assessment of the fundamental, combined, and complex movement skills required to support childhood physical literacy. The secondary aim was to establish the feasibility, objectivity, and reliability evidence for the assessment.Methods: An expert advisory group recommended a course format for the assessment that would require children to complete a series of dynamic movement skills. Criterion-referenced skill performance and completion time were the recommended forms of evaluation. Children, 8–12 years of age, self-reported their age and gender and then completed the study assessments while attending local schools or day camps. Face validity was previously established through a Delphi expert(n = 19, 21% female) review process. Convergent validity was evaluated by age and gender associations with assessment performance. Inter-and intra-rater(n = 53, 34% female) objectivity and test–retest(n = 60, 47% female) reliability were assessed through repeated test administration.Results: Median total score was 21 of 28 points(range 5–28). Median completion time was 17 s. Total scores were feasible for all 995 children who self-reported age and gender. Total score did not differ between inside and outside environments(95% confidence interval(CI) of difference:-0.7 to 0.6;p = 0.91) or with/without footwear(95%CI of difference:-2.5 to 1.9; p = 0.77). Older age(p < 0.001, η2= 0.15) and male gender(p < 0.001, η2= 0.02)were associated with a higher total score. Inter-rater objectivity evidence was excellent(intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) = 0.99) for completion time and substantial for skill score(ICC = 0.69) for 104 attempts by 53 children(34% female). Intra-rater objectivity was moderate(ICC = 0.52) for skill score and excellent for completion time(ICC = 0.99). Reliability was excellent for completion time over a short(2–4 days; ICC = 0.84) or long(8–14days; ICC = 0.82) interval. Skill score reliability was moderate(ICC = 0.46) over a short interval, and substantial(ICC = 0.74) over a long interval.Conclusion: The Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment is a feasible measure of selected fundamental, complex and combined movement skills, which are an important building block for childhood physical literacy. Moderate-to-excellent objectivity was demonstrated for children 8–12 years of age. Test–retest reliability has been established over an interval of at least 1 week. The time and skill scores can be accurately estimated by 1 trained examiner.
基金the financial support of the Ministry of Economy and Infrastructures and European Communitysupported by the Ministry of Economy and Infrastructures of Extremadura (PD 18015)funded by FEDER,FSE and Govern of Extremadura,grant numbers GR18102 and TA18027.
文摘Background:Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines(physical activity,screen time,and sleep duration) has been associated with positive health indicators.However,there are no previous meta-analyses that have examined the overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines from pre-school to adolescence across the world.Therefore,the main purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the overall(non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among preschoolers,children,and adolescents worldwide.Methods:Four electronic databases(MEDLINE,Scopus,Web of Science,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for quantitative studies published in Spanish and English between January 2016 and May 2021.Studies that were conducted with apparently healthy participants and reported the overall(non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines in preschoolers and/or children and/or adolescents were included.Results:Sixty-three studies comprising 387,437 individuals(51% girls) aged 3-18 years from 23 countries were included.Overall,7.12%(95%confidence interval(95%CI):6.45%-7.78%) of youth met all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines,and 19.21%(95%CI:16.73%-21.69%)met none of the 3 recommendations.Concerning sex,adherence to all recommendations was significantly lower in girls(3.75%,95%CI:3.23%-4.27%) than in boys(6.89%,95%CI:5.89%-7.89%)(p <0.001).However,there were no sex differences regarding adherence to any of the 3 individual recommendations(girls,15.66%,95%CI:8.40%-22.92%;boys,12.95%,95%CI:6.57%-19.33%).In terms of age group,adherence to the 3 recommendations was 11.26%(95%CI:8.68%-13.84%),10.31%(95%CI:7.49%-13.12%),and 2.68%(95%CI:1.78%-3.58%) in preschoolers,children,and adolescents,respectively.Conversely,8.81%(95%CI:5.97%-11.64%) of preschoolers,15.57%(95%CI:11.60%-19.54%) of children,and 28.59%(95%CI:22.42%-34.75%) of adolescents did not meet any of the recommendations.South America was the region with the lowest adherence(all:2.93%;none:31.72%).Overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was positively related to country Human Development Index(β=-0.37,95%CI:-0.65 to-0.09;p=0.010).Conclusion:Most young people fail to meet the three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines,particularly adolescents,girls,and those who are from countries with a lower Human Development Index.Moreover,1 in 5 young people did not meet any of these recommendations.Therefore,these results highlight the need to develop age-and sex-specific strategies to promote these movement behaviors from the early stages of life.
基金supported by Start-up Research Grant of Shenzhen University(20200807163056003)Start-Up Research Grant(PeacockPlan:20191105534C).
文摘Background:The Canadian 24-hour movement behavior(24-HMB)guidelines suggest that a limited amount of screen time use,an adequate level of physical activity(PA),and sufficient sleep duration are beneficial for ensuring and optimizing the health and quality of life(QoL)of children and adolescents.However,this topic has yet to be examined for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)specifically.The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to examine the associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and several QoLrelated indicators among a national sample of American children and adolescents with ASD.Methods:Data were taken from the 2020 U.S.National Survey of Children’s Health dataset.Participants(n=956)aged 617 years and currently diagnosed with ASD were included.The exposure of interest was adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines.Outcomes were QoL indicators,including learning interest/curiosity,repeating grades,adaptive ability,victimization by bullying,and behavioral problems.Categorical variables were described with unweighted sample counts and weighted percentages.Age,sex,race,preterm birth status,medication,behavioral treatment,household poverty level,and the educational level of the primary caregivers were included as covariates.Odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)were used to present the strength of association between adherence to 24-HMB guidelines and QoL-related indicators.Results:Overall,452 participants(45.34%)met 1 of the 3 recommendations,216(22.65%)met 2 recommendations,whereas only 39 participants(5.04%)met all 3 recommendations.Compared with meeting none of the recommendations,meeting both sleep duration and PA recommendations(OR=3.92,95%CI:1.639.48,p<0.001)or all 3 recommendations(OR=2.11,95%CI:1.034.35,p=0.04)was associated with higher odds of showing learning interest/curiosity.Meeting both screen time and PA recommendations(OR=0.15,95%CI:0.040.61,p<0.05)or both sleep duration and PA recommendations(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.070.87,p<0.05)was associated with lower odds of repeating any grades.With respect to adaptive ability,participants who met only the PA recommendation of the 24-HMB were less likely to have difficulties dressing or bathing(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.020.66,p<0.05)than those who did not.For participants who met all 3 recommendations(OR=0.38,95%CI:0.150.99,p=0.05),the odds of being victimized by bullying was lower.Participants who adhered to both sleep duration and PA recommendations were less likely to present with severe behavioral problems(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.040.71,p<0.05)than those who did not meet those guidelines.Conclusion:Significant associations were found between adhering to 24-HMB guidelines and selected QoL indicators.These findings highlight the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle as a key factor in promoting and preserving the QoL of children with ASD.
文摘A new paradigm employing 24-h movement guidelines that combines recommendations for movement behaviors across the whole day(physical activities of all intensities,sedentary behaviors,and sleep)is gaining momentum around the globe,and several jurisdictions are developing and releasing evidence-informed public health guidelines embracing this approach.1,2 The Sedentary Behavior Research Network(SBRN),the world’s largest network of researchers and health professionals focusing specifically on the health impact of sedentary behaviors,embraces this new paradigm and has worked to normalize the integration of sedentary behaviors into the movement-behavior paradigm.
基金the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development for providing funding for the ELEVA study(Grant#406258/2018-0)as well as a scholarship(LEAM)。
文摘Background:Physical activity,sleep,and sedentary behaviors compose 24-h movement behaviors and have been independently associated with depressive symptoms.However,it is not clear whether it is the movement behavior itself or other contextual factors that are related to depressive symptoms.The objective of the present study was to examine the associations between self-reported and accelerometer-measured movement behaviors and depressive symptoms in adolescents.Methods:Cross-sectional data from 610 adolescents(14-18 years old)were used.Adolescents answered questions from the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale and reported time spent watching videos,playing videogames,using social media,time spent in various physical activities,and daytime sleepiness.Wrist-worn accelerometers were used to measure sleep duration,sleep efficiency,sedentary time,and physical activity.Mixed-effects logistic regressions were used.Results:Almost half of the adolescents(48%)were classified as being at high risk for depression(score≥20).No significant associations were found between depressive symptoms and accelerometer-measured movement behaviors,self-reported non-sport physical activity,watching videos,and playing videogames.However,higher levels of self-reported total physical activity(odd ratio(OR)=0.92,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.86-0.98)and volume of sports(OR=0.88,95%CI:0.79-0.97),in minutes,were associated with a lower risk of depression,while using social media for either 2.0-3.9 h/day(OR=1.77,95%CI:1.58-2.70)or>3.9 h/day(OR=1.67,95%CI:1.10-2.54),as well as higher levels of daytime sleepiness(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.12-1.22),were associated with a higher risk of depression.Conclusion:What adolescents do when they are active or sedentary may be more important than the time spent in the movement behaviors because it relates to depressive symptoms.Targeting daytime sleepiness,promoting sports,and limiting social media use may benefit adolescents.
基金Supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Scientific Research(C)(20K11450 to KS)Institute of Health and Sports Science&Medicine,Juntendo University。
文摘Background:Limited nationally representative evidence is available on temporal trends in physical fitness(PF)for children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.The primary aim was to examine the temporal trends in PF for Japanese children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.The secondary aim was to estimate the concurrent trends in body size(measured as body mass and height)and movement behaviors(exercise,screen,and sleep time).Methods:Census PF data for children in Grade 5(aged 10-11 years)and adolescents in Grade 8(aged 13-14 years)were obtained for the years 2013-2021 from the National Survey of Physical Fitness,Athletic Performance,and Exercise Habits in Japan(n=16,647,699).PF and body size were objectively measured,and movement behaviors were self-reported.Using sample-weighted linear regression,temporal trends in mean PF were calculated before the pandemic(2013-2019)and during the pandemic(2019-2021)with adjustments for age,sex,body size,and exercise time.Results:When adjusted for age,sex,body size,and exercise time,there were significant declines in PF during the pandemic,with the largest declines observed in 20-m shuttle run(standardized(Cohen’s)effect size(ES)=-0.109 per annum(p.a.))and sit-ups performance(ES=-0.133p.a.).The magnitude of the declines in 20-m shuttle run and sit-ups performances were 18-and 15-fold larger,respectively,than the improvements seen before the pandemic(2013-2019),after adjusting for age,sex,body size,and exercise time.During the pandemic,both body mass and screen time significantly increased,and exercise time decreased.Conclusion:Declines in 20-m shuttle run and sit-ups performances suggest corresponding declines in population health during the COVID-19pandemic.
文摘1.Light intensity physical activity(PA)benefits health PA guidelines worldwide recommend that adults accumulate 150 min of moderate intensity or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA(moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA))weekly to achieve health benefits.1-3 Absent from these guidelines are recommendations for light intensity PA(LPA,e.g.,walking at a leisurely pace of 3 km/h or less,equivalent to 1.5-2.9 metabolic equivalents).
基金supported by a grant from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska Curie(Grant agreement No.101028929)supported by an Investigator Grant from the Medical Research Future Fund(MRF1193862)supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship.
文摘Background:Cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is a powerful health marker recommended by the American Heart Association as a clinical vital sign.Comparing the predictive validity of objectively measured CRF(the"gold standara")and estimated CRF is clinically relevant because estimated CRF is more feasible.Our objective was to meta-analyze cohort studies to compare the associations of objectively measured,exerciseestimated,and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality in adults.Methods:Systematic searches were conducted in 9 databases(MEDLINE,SPORTDiscus,Embase,Scopus,PsycINFO,Web of Science,PubMed,CINAHL,and the Cochrane Library)up to April 11,2024.We included full-text refereed cohort studies published in English that quantified the association(using risk estimates with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs))of objectively measured,exercise-estimated,and non-exercise-estimated CRF with all-cause and CVD mortality in adults.CRF was expressed as metabolic equivalents(METs)of task.Pooled relative risks(RR)for all-cause and CVD mortality per 1-MET(3.5 mL/kg/min)higher level of CRF were quantified using random-effects models.Results:Forty-two studies representing 35 cohorts and 3,813,484 observations(81%male)(362,771 all-cause and 56,471 CVD deaths)were included.The pooled RRs for all-cause and CVD mortality per higher MET were 0.86(95%CI:0.83-0.88)and 0.84(95%CI:0.80-0.87),respectively.For both all-cause and CVD mortality,there were no statistically significant differences in RR per higher MET between objectively measured(RR range:0.86-0.90)and maximal exercise-estimated(RR range:0.85-0.86),submaximal exercise-estimated(RR range:0.91-0.94),and non-exercise-estimated CRF(RR range:0.81-0.85).Conclusion:Objectively measured and estimated CRF showed similar dose-response associations for all-cause and CVD mortality in adults.Estimated CRF could provide a practical and robust alternative to objectively measured CRF for assessing mortality risk across diverse populations.Our findings underscore the health-related benefits of higher CRF and advocate for its integration into clinical practice to enhance risk stratification.
