This paper takes the physical education program at Guiyang University as the research object and analyzes the significance and strategies for developing outdoor sports specialty courses.Outdoor sports,as a newly emerg...This paper takes the physical education program at Guiyang University as the research object and analyzes the significance and strategies for developing outdoor sports specialty courses.Outdoor sports,as a newly emerging and widely popular sport,introducing it into Guiyang University as a specialty course can not only enrich its professional curriculum but also broaden students’employment directions,cultivate students’willpower and quality,promote students’quality education,and foster the cultivation of outdoor sports talents.In terms of curriculum implementation,the main strategies include clarifying training objectives,reasonably arranging course content,formulating corresponding evaluation systems,strengthening course management,and enhancing the construction of the teaching staff.展开更多
Statistical characteristics and the classification of the topside ionospheric mid-latitude trough are systemically analyzed,using observations from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F18(DMSP-F18)satellite.T...Statistical characteristics and the classification of the topside ionospheric mid-latitude trough are systemically analyzed,using observations from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F18(DMSP-F18)satellite.The data was obtained at an altitude of around 860 km in near polar orbit,throughout 2013.Our study identified the auroral boundary based on the in-situ electron density and electron spectrum,allowing us to precisely determine the location of the mid-latitude trough.This differs from most previous works,which only use Total Electron Content(TEC)or in-situ electron density.In our study,the troughs exhibited a higher occurrence rate in local winter than in summer,and extended to lower latitudes with increasing geomagnetic activity.It was found that the ionospheric mid-latitude trough,which is associated with temperature changes or enhanced ion drift,exhibited distinct characteristics.Specifically,the ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to electron temperature(Te)peak were located more equatorward of auroral oval boundary in winter than in summer.The ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to Te-maximum were less frequently observed at 60−70°S magnetic latitude and 90−240°E longitude.Furthermore,the troughs related to ion temperature(Ti)maximums were observed at relatively higher latitudes,occurring more frequently in winter.In addition,the troughs related to ion velocity(Vi)maximums could be observed in all seasons.The troughs with the maximum-Ti and maximum-Vi were located closer to the equatorward boundary of the auroral oval at the nightside,and in both hemispheres.This implies that enhanced ion drift velocity contributes to increased collisional frictional heating and enhanced ion temperatures,resulting in a density depletion within the trough region.展开更多
Dictyophora rubrovalvata is an edible fungus with rich nutritional value.It contains various nutrients and bioactive components,and has immunomodulation,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,anti-fatigue,anti-aging,anti-inflammat...Dictyophora rubrovalvata is an edible fungus with rich nutritional value.It contains various nutrients and bioactive components,and has immunomodulation,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,anti-fatigue,anti-aging,anti-inflammation and alcoholic hepatitis-protection effects.With the continuous expansion of planting area of Dictyophora,the disease problem has become a major problem affecting the development of Dictyophora industry.In this paper,the pathogens,harmful symptoms and causes of main diseases in Dictyophora were summarized,so as to provide reference for comprehensive control of Dictyophora diseases and promote the high-quality development of Dictyophora industry.展开更多
The rarity of limestone cave species due to habitat degradation makes them of special interest in conservation biology.The wild Chinese Giant Salamander Andrias davidianus,an evolutionarily distinct and globally endan...The rarity of limestone cave species due to habitat degradation makes them of special interest in conservation biology.The wild Chinese Giant Salamander Andrias davidianus,an evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered species,are nearly all obligate into living in inaccessible mountain caves now.We detected that only 14-29 breeders,with the effective population size of 9-25（5-44 of 95% confidence interval）,were in each of three caves,through genotyping 20 microsatellite loci on larvae that were flushed out of caves.Both heterzygosity excess and M（ratios of allele number to allele size range） tests indicated severe genetic bottlenecks among populations.Both mitochondrial,with only one or two haplotypes of D-loop region（770-771bp） in each population,and nuclear genetic structure showed clear divergence between populations.Considering the long life history,small population size,and genetic differentiationof the Chinese Giant Salamander,putting an end to poaching and recovering the karst ecosystem instead of releasing may be the sole measures to save this severely threated species.展开更多
A simple and selective ultra performance liquid chromatography--electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-ESI-MS/MS） assay was developed for the determination of the human plasma protein binding of four...A simple and selective ultra performance liquid chromatography--electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-ESI-MS/MS） assay was developed for the determination of the human plasma protein binding of four bioactive ftavonoids （such as orientin and vitexin） in Polygonum orientale. Protein precipitation was used for sample preparation. Equilibrium dialysis technique was applied to determine the plasma protein binding under physiological conditions. The separation was achieved through a Waters C i s column with a mobile phase composed of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid using step gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. A Waters ACQUITYTM TQD system was operated under the multiple reaction monitoring （MRM） mode of positive electrospray ionization. All of the recovery, precision, accuracy and stability of the method met the requirements. Good correlations （r 〉 0.99） of the four compounds were found, which suggested that these compounds can be simultaneously determined with acceptable accuracy. Results showed that the plasma protein bindings of the four bioactive flavonoids were in the range of 74-89% over the six concentrations studied. The binding parameters containing protein binding affinity, protein binding dissociation constant, and protein binding site were studied. The maximum ability to bind with protein was also determined in the assay in order to understand the drug-protein binding of each compound better.展开更多
Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method...Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method:A total of 80 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four equal groups(20 mice each):control group,model group,prednisone group and spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing(SQBF)group.Mice in the model group,prednisone group,and SQBF group were administered anti-platelet serum to induce ITP.The dynamic variations of platelet counts in ITP mice were measured with an automatic blood analyzer before modeling and 48 h,and 8,12 and 15 days following APS injection.Levels of b-endorphin(b-EP),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)and salivary IgA(SIgA)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)on 15th day of experiment.Results:SQBF enhanced peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice similar to that of prednisone,and both groups showed a statistically significant response compared with the model group(P<.01).The SQBF significantly decreased b-EP levels compared with the model and prednisone intervention groups(P<.05),significantly increased the levels of VIP and SIgA in ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.05)and had significant protective effects on the thymus of ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.01).Conclusions:The SQBF had a similar effect to prednisone with regards to enhancing peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice.Furthermore,it decreased b-EP levels and increased VIP and SIgA,and protected the thymus.This shows that,on base of the brain-gut axis functions,some non-classical immune vascular active factors or neurotransmitters are also involved in immune responses,and also have relationship with the onset of ITP and bleeding and/or hemostasis.It needs further study to determine whether a change in these active factors is related to immediate hemostasis.展开更多
We report on a molecular dynamics study of the swelling patterns of an Na-rich/Cs-poor montomorillonite and a Csmontomorillonite.The recently developed CLAYFF force field is used to predict the basal spacing as a func...We report on a molecular dynamics study of the swelling patterns of an Na-rich/Cs-poor montomorillonite and a Csmontomorillonite.The recently developed CLAYFF force field is used to predict the basal spacing as a function of the water content in the interlayer.The simulations reproduce the swelling patterns of the Na and Cs-montomorillonite,suggesting a mechanism of its hydration different from that of the montomorillonite.In addition,we find that the differences in size and hydration energy of Na and Cs ions have strong implications for the structure and the internal energy of interlayer water.In particular,our results indicate that the hydrate difference in the presence of coexistent Na and Cs has a larger influence on the behavior of a clay-water system.For Na-rich/Cs-poor montomorillonite,the hydration energy values of Na ions and water molecules each have a dramatic increase compared with those in Na-montomorillonite on the interlayer spacing,and the hydration energy values of Cs ions and water molecules decrease somewhat compared with those in Cs-montomorillonite.展开更多
Objective:To review trials on mindfulness intervention for chronic pain in primary care to clarify the evidence base and establish whether mindfulness is an important intervention for relieving pain and improving psyc...Objective:To review trials on mindfulness intervention for chronic pain in primary care to clarify the evidence base and establish whether mindfulness is an important intervention for relieving pain and improving psychological comorbidity.Methods:We performed a literature search using PubMed,the Cochrane Database,EBSCOhost,Elsevier,Wiley,Springer,and the references of retrieved articles.We included articles written in English and that were published up to January 2012.We found 428 empirical studies,but only eight were included as randomized controlled trials of mindfulness intervention for chronic pain in our meta-analysis.After extracting and synthesizing data from these eight trials,we analyzed the data extracted and synthesized from these eight trials.Results:Compared with control intervention,mindfulness intervention had no specific effect on reducing pain intensity(weighted mean difference 3.24,95%confidence interval[CI]:8.92 to 2.45).Mindfulness intervention led to greater improvement in psychological comorbidity with chronic pain,such as depression(weighted mean difference3.91,95%CI5.94 to2.32)and trait anxiety(weighted mean difference4.07,95%CI4.48 to3.65).Conclusion:There is insufficient evidence that mindfulness intervention relieves pain intensity.However,it improves depression and trait anxiety in patients with chronic pain.Further research in larger,properly powered,and better-designed studies is warranted.展开更多
In this study,six kinetics models of indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch transdermal in vitro release was established,including zero-level,first-order,Higuchi-level,Ritger-Peppas,Weibull and Hixcon-Crowell dynamic equa...In this study,six kinetics models of indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch transdermal in vitro release was established,including zero-level,first-order,Higuchi-level,Ritger-Peppas,Weibull and Hixcon-Crowell dynamic equations.The chemical permeation enhancers,including 3%and 5%Azone,and iontophoresis were used as the control.Transdermal diffusion tests were performed in vitro and indomethacin was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography system.The transdermal parameter of the Higuchi and Weibull dynamic equations,indicated that Fu’s cupping therapy(FCT)could significantly improve Higuchi and Weibull kinetic parameters in vitro transdermal,increased transdermal rate and permeability coefficient,reduced lagging time.Additionally,statistical analysis speculated the skin barrier function could be restored after 46 h treatment.Hence,as a new physical transdermal drug delivery technology,transdermal permeation effects produced by FCT are obvious,which has the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine and has important clinical application value.展开更多
Based on an analytical solution for the current point source in an anisotropic half-space,we study the apparent resistivity and apparent chargeability of a transversely isotropic medium with vertical and horizontal ax...Based on an analytical solution for the current point source in an anisotropic half-space,we study the apparent resistivity and apparent chargeability of a transversely isotropic medium with vertical and horizontal axes symmetry,respectively.We then provide a simple derivation of the anisotropy paradoxes in direct current resistivity and time-domain induced polarization methods.Analogous to the mean resistivity,we propose a formulation for deriving the mean polarizability.We also present a three-dimensional finite element algorithm for modeling the direct current resistivity and time-domain induced polarization using an unstructured tetrahedral grid.Finally,we provide the apparent resistivity and apparent chargeability curves of a tilted,transversely isotropic medium with diff erent angles,respectively.The subsequent results illustrate the anisotropy paradoxes of direct current resistivity and time-domain induced polarization.展开更多
Coal-fired electricity enterprises are caught in the dilemma of relative fixed prices and rising costs under the scenario of decarbonization.Meanwhile,soaring market-oriented coal pricing results in coal enterprises’...Coal-fired electricity enterprises are caught in the dilemma of relative fixed prices and rising costs under the scenario of decarbonization.Meanwhile,soaring market-oriented coal pricing results in coal enterprises’increasing defaults on thermal coal medium-and long-term contracts(MLC).To investigate the implementation of MLC at the micro-level,this study formalized the contractual behaviors of coal and coal-fired electricity enterprises based on the asymmetric evolutionary game.We formalized the evolving behaviors of both parties using replicator dynamics equations and proved that there were two evolutionary stabilization strategies(ESSs):compliance and coal enterprises’unilateral default.A multi-agent-based simulation was applied to verify the evolving process of ESSs and determine the critical values of MLC design by sensitive analysis.From the simulation results,coal-fired electricity enterprises do not stop generation under the current carbon quota allocation mechanism,even if carbon emission trading increases electricity generation costs.Coal enterprises choose to“default”when the market price of coal is higher than the contracted price by 18%.However,if the original reparation is increased by 5%,the compliance rate of the coal enterprises improves.Dynamic reparations embedded in the MLC improved enforcement during the contracting period.Moreover,the proposed policy implications have practical significance for enhancing the coordinated operation of coal-electricity energy supply chains.展开更多
13 water quality parameters were tested from 38 reaches of 34 counties in Guizhou where Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus) distributed over the past 30 years. Dissolved oxygen and p H were found to be signif...13 water quality parameters were tested from 38 reaches of 34 counties in Guizhou where Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus) distributed over the past 30 years. Dissolved oxygen and p H were found to be significant determinants of the species distribution in recent years(P<0.05). There was no Chinese giant salamander distribution in the recent five years in rivers with dissolved solids of greater than 415 mg/L, conductivity of greater than 639 us/cm, salinity of greater than 0.31 ppt and total hardness of greater than 150 mg/L. Sensitive to environment, the Chinese giant salamander is an important indicator for environmental quality, so it could be used as one of the environmental indicator. Eutrophication, chemical fertilizer, pesticides and inorganic pollutants may be one of reasons driving wild CGS into extinction.展开更多
According to the speckle feature in Optical coherence tomography(OCT),images with speckleindicate not only noise but also signals,an improved wavelet hierarchical threshold filter(IWHTF)method is proposed.At first,a m...According to the speckle feature in Optical coherence tomography(OCT),images with speckleindicate not only noise but also signals,an improved wavelet hierarchical threshold filter(IWHTF)method is proposed.At first,a modified hierarchical threshold-selected algorithm isused to prevent signals from being removed by asssing suitable thresholds for different noiselevels,Then,an improved wavelet threshold function based on two traditional threshold fumnc.tions is proposed to trade-ff betwen speckle removing and sharpness degradation.The de-noising results of an OCT finger skin image shows that the IWHTF method obtains betterobjective evaluation metrics and visual image quality improvement,Whenαa=0.2,β=5.0 andK=1.2,the improved method can achieve 9.58 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio,withsharpnesdegraded by 3.81%.展开更多
Research progress and frontiers of magnetic-mediated hyperthermia （MMH） are presented, along with clinical trials in Germany, the US, Japan, and China. Special attention is focused on MMH mediated by magnetic nanopa...Research progress and frontiers of magnetic-mediated hyperthermia （MMH） are presented, along with clinical trials in Germany, the US, Japan, and China. Special attention is focused on MMH mediated by magnetic nanoparticles, and multifunctional magnetic devices for cancer multimodality treatment are also introduced.展开更多
Background:Previously,we showed that total flavonoids from astragalus(TFA)had beneficial effects against transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1-mediated fibrosis,but whether these effects involved autophagy is not known....Background:Previously,we showed that total flavonoids from astragalus(TFA)had beneficial effects against transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1-mediated fibrosis,but whether these effects involved autophagy is not known.We attempt to explore the effects of TFA on autophagy in an animal model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)induced by bleomycin,and to look for TFA components that may have an effect on autophagy.Methods:C57BL/6 mice were randomized to the sham group(SG),model group,low-dose TFA group(LDTG),and high-dose of TFA group(HDTG).The A549 cell line was treated with the TFA components including formononetin,calycosin,isorhamnetin,kaempferol,and quercetin.Lung tissues and cells were examined by histology,immunohistochemistry(anti-TGF-β1,α-smooth muscle actin(SMA),and cadherin),immunofluorescence(microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3)),hydroxyproline content,and immunoblotting(smad3,smad7,phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K),α-SMA,E-cadherin,beclin-1,and LC3-Ⅱ).Results:In vivo,TFA inhibited TGF-β1 expression and decreased collagen content in lung tissues induced by bleomycin.TFA increased autophagy following suppression of the smad pathway.In vitro,quercetin inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of A549 cells induced by TGF-β1 through suppression of the smad pathway.Autophagy was also increased by quercetin through inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway,but without change in PI3K expression.Formononetin,calycosin,isorhamnetin,and kaempferol had no such effects.Conclusion:TFA can alleviate bleomycin-induced PF in C57BL/6 mice via enhanced autophagy.The smad and AKT/mTOR pathways are possibly involved in these effects.Quercetin was the main active compound in TFA.展开更多
Apoptosis is involved in aging and age-related disease, with respect to aging, apoptosis acting in a celltype-specific manner. The rate of apoptosis is elevated in-most types of aging cell populations and organs. In s...Apoptosis is involved in aging and age-related disease, with respect to aging, apoptosis acting in a celltype-specific manner. The rate of apoptosis is elevated in-most types of aging cell populations and organs. In stable cells and certain continuously dividing cells, apoptosisserves to eliminate presumably dysfunctional cellsthat show homeostatic failure due to oxidative stress, glycation, and DNA damage, thereby maintaining homeostasis in the body. What’smore, apoptosis, at least in part, plays some important role inthe regulation of aging process and anti-tumorigenesis in mammals. Age-enhanced apoptosis may be aninnateprotective mechanism against age-associated tumorigenesis. There is clear evidence to indicate that senescentcells are remarkably resistant to apoptosis. The intensity of global apoptosis and autophagy clearance significantly declines in humans during aging, as aging repress the apoptotic response. In this paper, we will review the relationship between apoptosis and aging, and outline how are they interact each other.展开更多
Objective:To compare effect of immunoprevention or immunotherapy based on denderitic cells (DCs),or supernatants on pancreatic carcinoma and hepatocelluar carcinoma in ritro and in vivo.Methods:DCs and monouclear cell...Objective:To compare effect of immunoprevention or immunotherapy based on denderitic cells (DCs),or supernatants on pancreatic carcinoma and hepatocelluar carcinoma in ritro and in vivo.Methods:DCs and monouclear cells (immunoeffecetor cells) were stimulated with hGM-CSF,hIL-4,hTNF-α,PC3 TA or BEL7402 TA and hIL-2,then DCs and immunoeffector cells were cocultured,and supernatants were harvested.In vitro,the immunoeffector cells were divided into A0 group (without DCs stimulated),A1 group (DCs stimulated,cultured with cytokines cocktail),A2 group (DCs stimulated,cultured with cytokines cocktail and tumor antigen.DCs vaccine).Cytoxicity assay was performed with lactate dehydogenase method,In vivo,the nude mice were allocated in 3 groups:prevention group,receiving immunoeffector cells activated by DCs vaccine 2 days before inoculation with PC3 or BEL7402;treatment group,receiving immunoeffector cells activated by DCs vaccine after development of implanted tumor in all nude mice;control group,receiving equivalents amount of RPMI1640 cultured liquid.On the 45th day,all the nude mice were sacrificed and the tumor was weighed.Results:The maximal inhibition rate of the A0.A1 andA2 were 3.5%.68.1%.81.0% in the BEL7402;4.5%,33.0%.62.4% in the PC3.The differences in tumor weight among three groups were significant,but the difference were not significant between the PC3 and BEL7402.Conclusions:DCs vaccine or supernatants may play an important role in treating and preventing against malignant tumor.展开更多
Under solvothermal conditions, a new trinuclear Zn（Ⅱ） complex, [Zn3（bpdc）3（DPNDI）]- 3NMF （I, H2bpdc = biphenyl-4,4＇-dicarboxylate, N,N＇-di（4-pyridyl）-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracar- boxydiimide （DPNDI） and ...Under solvothermal conditions, a new trinuclear Zn（Ⅱ） complex, [Zn3（bpdc）3（DPNDI）]- 3NMF （I, H2bpdc = biphenyl-4,4＇-dicarboxylate, N,N＇-di（4-pyridyl）-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracar- boxydiimide （DPNDI） and NMF = N-methylformamide）, has been synthesized with mixed organic ligands. Complex 1 is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 11.167（5）, b = 14.806（5）, c = 19.494（5） A, V = 3154.6（19）A3, Z = 2, Mr = 1455.24, Dc =1.532 g/cm^3, F（000） =1484 and/t = 1.212 mm^-1. The final refinement gave R = 0.0343 and wR = 0.0419 for 6209 reflections with 1 〉 2σ（I）. Single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that complex 1 features a 3D structure based on the trinuclear Zn（Ⅱ） units. Complex 1 shows three-fold interpenetrating hex topology. Furthermore, the luminescent property 1 is investigated.展开更多
The use of ethanol is a promising method to reduce the emissions of diesel engines.The present study has been based on the installation of a gasoline electronic injection system in a single-cylinder diesel engine to c...The use of ethanol is a promising method to reduce the emissions of diesel engines.The present study has been based on the installation of a gasoline electronic injection system in a single-cylinder diesel engine to control the amount of ethanol entering the cylinder during the compression(while diesel has been injected into the cylinder by the original pump injection system).The injection time has been controlled by crank angle signal collected by an AVL angle indicator.In the tests ethanol and diesel each accounted for half of the fuel volume,and the total heat energy supply of the fuel was equivalent to that of the diesel under the operating conditions of the original engine.A three-dimensional combustion model of the diesel engine has been implemented by using the CFD software FIRE.Simulations have been carried out assuming uniform and non-uniform injections rate for the different holes and the different results have been compared.According to these results,a non-uniform injection rate can produce early ignition and cause an increase in the maximum in-cylinder pressure and the maximum average incylinder temperature.Moreover,in such conditions NO emissions are larger while soot emission is slightly lower.展开更多
文摘This paper takes the physical education program at Guiyang University as the research object and analyzes the significance and strategies for developing outdoor sports specialty courses.Outdoor sports,as a newly emerging and widely popular sport,introducing it into Guiyang University as a specialty course can not only enrich its professional curriculum but also broaden students’employment directions,cultivate students’willpower and quality,promote students’quality education,and foster the cultivation of outdoor sports talents.In terms of curriculum implementation,the main strategies include clarifying training objectives,reasonably arranging course content,formulating corresponding evaluation systems,strengthening course management,and enhancing the construction of the teaching staff.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF0504400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42188101,42274195,42174193)+2 种基金the International Partnership Program Of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.183311KYSB20200003)the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(YD2080002013)the Joint Open Fund of Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory(MENGO-202408).
文摘Statistical characteristics and the classification of the topside ionospheric mid-latitude trough are systemically analyzed,using observations from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F18(DMSP-F18)satellite.The data was obtained at an altitude of around 860 km in near polar orbit,throughout 2013.Our study identified the auroral boundary based on the in-situ electron density and electron spectrum,allowing us to precisely determine the location of the mid-latitude trough.This differs from most previous works,which only use Total Electron Content(TEC)or in-situ electron density.In our study,the troughs exhibited a higher occurrence rate in local winter than in summer,and extended to lower latitudes with increasing geomagnetic activity.It was found that the ionospheric mid-latitude trough,which is associated with temperature changes or enhanced ion drift,exhibited distinct characteristics.Specifically,the ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to electron temperature(Te)peak were located more equatorward of auroral oval boundary in winter than in summer.The ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to Te-maximum were less frequently observed at 60−70°S magnetic latitude and 90−240°E longitude.Furthermore,the troughs related to ion temperature(Ti)maximums were observed at relatively higher latitudes,occurring more frequently in winter.In addition,the troughs related to ion velocity(Vi)maximums could be observed in all seasons.The troughs with the maximum-Ti and maximum-Vi were located closer to the equatorward boundary of the auroral oval at the nightside,and in both hemispheres.This implies that enhanced ion drift velocity contributes to increased collisional frictional heating and enhanced ion temperatures,resulting in a density depletion within the trough region.
基金Supported by Guiyang Science and Technology Planning Project (ZKHT[2020]3-13).
文摘Dictyophora rubrovalvata is an edible fungus with rich nutritional value.It contains various nutrients and bioactive components,and has immunomodulation,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,anti-fatigue,anti-aging,anti-inflammation and alcoholic hepatitis-protection effects.With the continuous expansion of planting area of Dictyophora,the disease problem has become a major problem affecting the development of Dictyophora industry.In this paper,the pathogens,harmful symptoms and causes of main diseases in Dictyophora were summarized,so as to provide reference for comprehensive control of Dictyophora diseases and promote the high-quality development of Dictyophora industry.
基金supported by National Key Programme of Research and Development (Ministry of Science and Technology,2016YFC0503200)NSFC (31570391,31200411,31360144 )+1 种基金Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (2012JY0101)Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y3C3011100).
文摘The rarity of limestone cave species due to habitat degradation makes them of special interest in conservation biology.The wild Chinese Giant Salamander Andrias davidianus,an evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered species,are nearly all obligate into living in inaccessible mountain caves now.We detected that only 14-29 breeders,with the effective population size of 9-25（5-44 of 95% confidence interval）,were in each of three caves,through genotyping 20 microsatellite loci on larvae that were flushed out of caves.Both heterzygosity excess and M（ratios of allele number to allele size range） tests indicated severe genetic bottlenecks among populations.Both mitochondrial,with only one or two haplotypes of D-loop region（770-771bp） in each population,and nuclear genetic structure showed clear divergence between populations.Considering the long life history,small population size,and genetic differentiationof the Chinese Giant Salamander,putting an end to poaching and recovering the karst ecosystem instead of releasing may be the sole measures to save this severely threated species.
基金This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China （No. 30860366） Guizhou Province Municipal Science and Technology Project （No. 2007-6010）.
文摘A simple and selective ultra performance liquid chromatography--electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-ESI-MS/MS） assay was developed for the determination of the human plasma protein binding of four bioactive ftavonoids （such as orientin and vitexin） in Polygonum orientale. Protein precipitation was used for sample preparation. Equilibrium dialysis technique was applied to determine the plasma protein binding under physiological conditions. The separation was achieved through a Waters C i s column with a mobile phase composed of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid using step gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. A Waters ACQUITYTM TQD system was operated under the multiple reaction monitoring （MRM） mode of positive electrospray ionization. All of the recovery, precision, accuracy and stability of the method met the requirements. Good correlations （r 〉 0.99） of the four compounds were found, which suggested that these compounds can be simultaneously determined with acceptable accuracy. Results showed that the plasma protein bindings of the four bioactive flavonoids were in the range of 74-89% over the six concentrations studied. The binding parameters containing protein binding affinity, protein binding dissociation constant, and protein binding site were studied. The maximum ability to bind with protein was also determined in the assay in order to understand the drug-protein binding of each compound better.
文摘Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method:A total of 80 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four equal groups(20 mice each):control group,model group,prednisone group and spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing(SQBF)group.Mice in the model group,prednisone group,and SQBF group were administered anti-platelet serum to induce ITP.The dynamic variations of platelet counts in ITP mice were measured with an automatic blood analyzer before modeling and 48 h,and 8,12 and 15 days following APS injection.Levels of b-endorphin(b-EP),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)and salivary IgA(SIgA)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)on 15th day of experiment.Results:SQBF enhanced peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice similar to that of prednisone,and both groups showed a statistically significant response compared with the model group(P<.01).The SQBF significantly decreased b-EP levels compared with the model and prednisone intervention groups(P<.05),significantly increased the levels of VIP and SIgA in ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.05)and had significant protective effects on the thymus of ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.01).Conclusions:The SQBF had a similar effect to prednisone with regards to enhancing peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice.Furthermore,it decreased b-EP levels and increased VIP and SIgA,and protected the thymus.This shows that,on base of the brain-gut axis functions,some non-classical immune vascular active factors or neurotransmitters are also involved in immune responses,and also have relationship with the onset of ITP and bleeding and/or hemostasis.It needs further study to determine whether a change in these active factors is related to immediate hemostasis.
文摘We report on a molecular dynamics study of the swelling patterns of an Na-rich/Cs-poor montomorillonite and a Csmontomorillonite.The recently developed CLAYFF force field is used to predict the basal spacing as a function of the water content in the interlayer.The simulations reproduce the swelling patterns of the Na and Cs-montomorillonite,suggesting a mechanism of its hydration different from that of the montomorillonite.In addition,we find that the differences in size and hydration energy of Na and Cs ions have strong implications for the structure and the internal energy of interlayer water.In particular,our results indicate that the hydrate difference in the presence of coexistent Na and Cs has a larger influence on the behavior of a clay-water system.For Na-rich/Cs-poor montomorillonite,the hydration energy values of Na ions and water molecules each have a dramatic increase compared with those in Na-montomorillonite on the interlayer spacing,and the hydration energy values of Cs ions and water molecules decrease somewhat compared with those in Cs-montomorillonite.
基金supported by Nantong Science and Technology Information Bureau(HS2012046).
文摘Objective:To review trials on mindfulness intervention for chronic pain in primary care to clarify the evidence base and establish whether mindfulness is an important intervention for relieving pain and improving psychological comorbidity.Methods:We performed a literature search using PubMed,the Cochrane Database,EBSCOhost,Elsevier,Wiley,Springer,and the references of retrieved articles.We included articles written in English and that were published up to January 2012.We found 428 empirical studies,but only eight were included as randomized controlled trials of mindfulness intervention for chronic pain in our meta-analysis.After extracting and synthesizing data from these eight trials,we analyzed the data extracted and synthesized from these eight trials.Results:Compared with control intervention,mindfulness intervention had no specific effect on reducing pain intensity(weighted mean difference 3.24,95%confidence interval[CI]:8.92 to 2.45).Mindfulness intervention led to greater improvement in psychological comorbidity with chronic pain,such as depression(weighted mean difference3.91,95%CI5.94 to2.32)and trait anxiety(weighted mean difference4.07,95%CI4.48 to3.65).Conclusion:There is insufficient evidence that mindfulness intervention relieves pain intensity.However,it improves depression and trait anxiety in patients with chronic pain.Further research in larger,properly powered,and better-designed studies is warranted.
基金This work was supported by the Projects[NO.20154030 and NO.(2017)5655]from the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81873020).
文摘In this study,six kinetics models of indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch transdermal in vitro release was established,including zero-level,first-order,Higuchi-level,Ritger-Peppas,Weibull and Hixcon-Crowell dynamic equations.The chemical permeation enhancers,including 3%and 5%Azone,and iontophoresis were used as the control.Transdermal diffusion tests were performed in vitro and indomethacin was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography system.The transdermal parameter of the Higuchi and Weibull dynamic equations,indicated that Fu’s cupping therapy(FCT)could significantly improve Higuchi and Weibull kinetic parameters in vitro transdermal,increased transdermal rate and permeability coefficient,reduced lagging time.Additionally,statistical analysis speculated the skin barrier function could be restored after 46 h treatment.Hence,as a new physical transdermal drug delivery technology,transdermal permeation effects produced by FCT are obvious,which has the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine and has important clinical application value.
基金the special funding of Guiyang science and technology bureau and Guiyang University[GYUKY-[2021]]the National Key Research and Development Program of China-Geophysical Comprehensive Exploration and Information Extraction of Deep Mineral Resources(2016YFC0600505)the National K&D Program(2018YFC1504901,2018YFC1504904).
文摘Based on an analytical solution for the current point source in an anisotropic half-space,we study the apparent resistivity and apparent chargeability of a transversely isotropic medium with vertical and horizontal axes symmetry,respectively.We then provide a simple derivation of the anisotropy paradoxes in direct current resistivity and time-domain induced polarization methods.Analogous to the mean resistivity,we propose a formulation for deriving the mean polarizability.We also present a three-dimensional finite element algorithm for modeling the direct current resistivity and time-domain induced polarization using an unstructured tetrahedral grid.Finally,we provide the apparent resistivity and apparent chargeability curves of a tilted,transversely isotropic medium with diff erent angles,respectively.The subsequent results illustrate the anisotropy paradoxes of direct current resistivity and time-domain induced polarization.
基金supported by the Fund of Education Ministry Humanity and Society (No. 18YJCZH016)
文摘Coal-fired electricity enterprises are caught in the dilemma of relative fixed prices and rising costs under the scenario of decarbonization.Meanwhile,soaring market-oriented coal pricing results in coal enterprises’increasing defaults on thermal coal medium-and long-term contracts(MLC).To investigate the implementation of MLC at the micro-level,this study formalized the contractual behaviors of coal and coal-fired electricity enterprises based on the asymmetric evolutionary game.We formalized the evolving behaviors of both parties using replicator dynamics equations and proved that there were two evolutionary stabilization strategies(ESSs):compliance and coal enterprises’unilateral default.A multi-agent-based simulation was applied to verify the evolving process of ESSs and determine the critical values of MLC design by sensitive analysis.From the simulation results,coal-fired electricity enterprises do not stop generation under the current carbon quota allocation mechanism,even if carbon emission trading increases electricity generation costs.Coal enterprises choose to“default”when the market price of coal is higher than the contracted price by 18%.However,if the original reparation is increased by 5%,the compliance rate of the coal enterprises improves.Dynamic reparations embedded in the MLC improved enforcement during the contracting period.Moreover,the proposed policy implications have practical significance for enhancing the coordinated operation of coal-electricity energy supply chains.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31360144)the Fund of the Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Preservation,Guiyang University
文摘13 water quality parameters were tested from 38 reaches of 34 counties in Guizhou where Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus) distributed over the past 30 years. Dissolved oxygen and p H were found to be significant determinants of the species distribution in recent years(P<0.05). There was no Chinese giant salamander distribution in the recent five years in rivers with dissolved solids of greater than 415 mg/L, conductivity of greater than 639 us/cm, salinity of greater than 0.31 ppt and total hardness of greater than 150 mg/L. Sensitive to environment, the Chinese giant salamander is an important indicator for environmental quality, so it could be used as one of the environmental indicator. Eutrophication, chemical fertilizer, pesticides and inorganic pollutants may be one of reasons driving wild CGS into extinction.
基金supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.61378090,61421002,61505036,61327004,61435003 and 61675226)the Sichuan Province International Cooperative Project(No.2015HH0056)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2016YFF0102000,2016YFF0102003)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB02060000)the Frontier Science Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDB-SSW-JSC03)the Jiangsu Province Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.BK20060010).
文摘According to the speckle feature in Optical coherence tomography(OCT),images with speckleindicate not only noise but also signals,an improved wavelet hierarchical threshold filter(IWHTF)method is proposed.At first,a modified hierarchical threshold-selected algorithm isused to prevent signals from being removed by asssing suitable thresholds for different noiselevels,Then,an improved wavelet threshold function based on two traditional threshold fumnc.tions is proposed to trade-ff betwen speckle removing and sharpness degradation.The de-noising results of an OCT finger skin image shows that the IWHTF method obtains betterobjective evaluation metrics and visual image quality improvement,Whenαa=0.2,β=5.0 andK=1.2,the improved method can achieve 9.58 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio,withsharpnesdegraded by 3.81%.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81172182,81172120,and 81041040)the 7th Singapore–China Cooperative Research Project Call between Agency of Science,Technology and Research(A*STAR)+1 种基金Singapore and the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),China(Grant No.20113010006)the National Key Technology Support Program(Grant No.2012857818)
文摘Research progress and frontiers of magnetic-mediated hyperthermia （MMH） are presented, along with clinical trials in Germany, the US, Japan, and China. Special attention is focused on MMH mediated by magnetic nanoparticles, and multifunctional magnetic devices for cancer multimodality treatment are also introduced.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81760817 and 81260587)the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(Qian Science LH[2016]7119).
文摘Background:Previously,we showed that total flavonoids from astragalus(TFA)had beneficial effects against transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1-mediated fibrosis,but whether these effects involved autophagy is not known.We attempt to explore the effects of TFA on autophagy in an animal model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)induced by bleomycin,and to look for TFA components that may have an effect on autophagy.Methods:C57BL/6 mice were randomized to the sham group(SG),model group,low-dose TFA group(LDTG),and high-dose of TFA group(HDTG).The A549 cell line was treated with the TFA components including formononetin,calycosin,isorhamnetin,kaempferol,and quercetin.Lung tissues and cells were examined by histology,immunohistochemistry(anti-TGF-β1,α-smooth muscle actin(SMA),and cadherin),immunofluorescence(microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3)),hydroxyproline content,and immunoblotting(smad3,smad7,phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K),α-SMA,E-cadherin,beclin-1,and LC3-Ⅱ).Results:In vivo,TFA inhibited TGF-β1 expression and decreased collagen content in lung tissues induced by bleomycin.TFA increased autophagy following suppression of the smad pathway.In vitro,quercetin inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of A549 cells induced by TGF-β1 through suppression of the smad pathway.Autophagy was also increased by quercetin through inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway,but without change in PI3K expression.Formononetin,calycosin,isorhamnetin,and kaempferol had no such effects.Conclusion:TFA can alleviate bleomycin-induced PF in C57BL/6 mice via enhanced autophagy.The smad and AKT/mTOR pathways are possibly involved in these effects.Quercetin was the main active compound in TFA.
文摘Apoptosis is involved in aging and age-related disease, with respect to aging, apoptosis acting in a celltype-specific manner. The rate of apoptosis is elevated in-most types of aging cell populations and organs. In stable cells and certain continuously dividing cells, apoptosisserves to eliminate presumably dysfunctional cellsthat show homeostatic failure due to oxidative stress, glycation, and DNA damage, thereby maintaining homeostasis in the body. What’smore, apoptosis, at least in part, plays some important role inthe regulation of aging process and anti-tumorigenesis in mammals. Age-enhanced apoptosis may be aninnateprotective mechanism against age-associated tumorigenesis. There is clear evidence to indicate that senescentcells are remarkably resistant to apoptosis. The intensity of global apoptosis and autophagy clearance significantly declines in humans during aging, as aging repress the apoptotic response. In this paper, we will review the relationship between apoptosis and aging, and outline how are they interact each other.
文摘Objective:To compare effect of immunoprevention or immunotherapy based on denderitic cells (DCs),or supernatants on pancreatic carcinoma and hepatocelluar carcinoma in ritro and in vivo.Methods:DCs and monouclear cells (immunoeffecetor cells) were stimulated with hGM-CSF,hIL-4,hTNF-α,PC3 TA or BEL7402 TA and hIL-2,then DCs and immunoeffector cells were cocultured,and supernatants were harvested.In vitro,the immunoeffector cells were divided into A0 group (without DCs stimulated),A1 group (DCs stimulated,cultured with cytokines cocktail),A2 group (DCs stimulated,cultured with cytokines cocktail and tumor antigen.DCs vaccine).Cytoxicity assay was performed with lactate dehydogenase method,In vivo,the nude mice were allocated in 3 groups:prevention group,receiving immunoeffector cells activated by DCs vaccine 2 days before inoculation with PC3 or BEL7402;treatment group,receiving immunoeffector cells activated by DCs vaccine after development of implanted tumor in all nude mice;control group,receiving equivalents amount of RPMI1640 cultured liquid.On the 45th day,all the nude mice were sacrificed and the tumor was weighed.Results:The maximal inhibition rate of the A0.A1 andA2 were 3.5%.68.1%.81.0% in the BEL7402;4.5%,33.0%.62.4% in the PC3.The differences in tumor weight among three groups were significant,but the difference were not significant between the PC3 and BEL7402.Conclusions:DCs vaccine or supernatants may play an important role in treating and preventing against malignant tumor.
基金Supported by Joint Foundation between GZST and GZMU(LKM201305)Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21363004)
文摘Under solvothermal conditions, a new trinuclear Zn（Ⅱ） complex, [Zn3（bpdc）3（DPNDI）]- 3NMF （I, H2bpdc = biphenyl-4,4＇-dicarboxylate, N,N＇-di（4-pyridyl）-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracar- boxydiimide （DPNDI） and NMF = N-methylformamide）, has been synthesized with mixed organic ligands. Complex 1 is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 11.167（5）, b = 14.806（5）, c = 19.494（5） A, V = 3154.6（19）A3, Z = 2, Mr = 1455.24, Dc =1.532 g/cm^3, F（000） =1484 and/t = 1.212 mm^-1. The final refinement gave R = 0.0343 and wR = 0.0419 for 6209 reflections with 1 〉 2σ（I）. Single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that complex 1 features a 3D structure based on the trinuclear Zn（Ⅱ） units. Complex 1 shows three-fold interpenetrating hex topology. Furthermore, the luminescent property 1 is investigated.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51476072 and 51366002)the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(No.[2018]1006)+1 种基金Supporting Program for Top Scientific and Technological Talents in Universities of Guizhou Province(No.[2018]062)High-level Talent Research Funding Project of Guizhou Institute of Technology and Key Construction Projects of the First Class University(Phase I)of Guizhou Province in 2017-the First Class Course(Nos.2017158418 and 2017158435).
文摘The use of ethanol is a promising method to reduce the emissions of diesel engines.The present study has been based on the installation of a gasoline electronic injection system in a single-cylinder diesel engine to control the amount of ethanol entering the cylinder during the compression(while diesel has been injected into the cylinder by the original pump injection system).The injection time has been controlled by crank angle signal collected by an AVL angle indicator.In the tests ethanol and diesel each accounted for half of the fuel volume,and the total heat energy supply of the fuel was equivalent to that of the diesel under the operating conditions of the original engine.A three-dimensional combustion model of the diesel engine has been implemented by using the CFD software FIRE.Simulations have been carried out assuming uniform and non-uniform injections rate for the different holes and the different results have been compared.According to these results,a non-uniform injection rate can produce early ignition and cause an increase in the maximum in-cylinder pressure and the maximum average incylinder temperature.Moreover,in such conditions NO emissions are larger while soot emission is slightly lower.
