The peripheral nervous system(PNS)is a fascinatingly complex and crucial component of the human body,responsible for transmitting vital signals throughout the body's intricate network of nerves.Its efficient funct...The peripheral nervous system(PNS)is a fascinatingly complex and crucial component of the human body,responsible for transmitting vital signals throughout the body's intricate network of nerves.Its efficient functioning is paramount to our health,with any dysfunction often resulting in serious medical conditions,including motor disorders,neurological diseases,and psychiatric disorders.Recent strides in science and technology have made neuromodulation of the PNS a promising avenue for addressing these health issues.Neuromodulation involves modifying nerve activity using a range of techniques,such as electrical,chemical,optical,and mechanical stimulation.Bioelectronics plays a critical role in this effort,allowing for precise,controlled,and sustained stimulation of the PNS.This paper provides an overview of the PNS,discusses the current state of neuromodulation devices,and presents emerging trends in the field,including advances in wireless power transfer and materials,that are shaping the future of neuromodulation.展开更多
The brain is actuated by billions of neurons with trillions of interconnections that regulate human behaviors.Understanding the mechanisms of these systems that induce sensory reactions and respond to disease remains ...The brain is actuated by billions of neurons with trillions of interconnections that regulate human behaviors.Understanding the mechanisms of these systems that induce sensory reactions and respond to disease remains one of the greatest challenges in science,engineering,and medicine.Recent advances in nanomaterials and nanotechnologies have led to the extensive research of electronic devices for brain interfaces to better understand the neural activities of the brains complex nervous system.The development of sensor devices for monitoring the physiological signals of the brain related to traumatic injury status has accompanied by the progress of electronic neural probes in parallel.In addition,these neurological and stereotactic surgical revolutions hold immense potential for clinical analysis of pharmacological systems within cerebral tissues.Here,we review the progress of electronic devices interfacing with brain in terms of the materials,fabrication technologies,and device designs.Neurophysiological activity can be measured and modulated by brain probes based on newly developed nanofabrication methodologies.Furthermore,in vivo pathological monitoring of the brain and pharmacological assessment has been developed in miniaturized and wireless form.We also consider the key challenges and prospects for further development,and explore the future directions emerging in the latest research.展开更多
基金Institute for Basic Science,Grant/Award Number:IBS-R026-D1Korea Medical Device Development Fund,Grant/Award Number:RMS 2022-11-1209/KMDF RS-2022-00141392+1 种基金National Research Foundation of Korea,Grant/Award Numbers:2020R1A5A1019131,2021M3D1A2049914,2022R1A5A6000846,2023R1A2C2006257Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology,Grant/Award Number:20013621。
文摘The peripheral nervous system(PNS)is a fascinatingly complex and crucial component of the human body,responsible for transmitting vital signals throughout the body's intricate network of nerves.Its efficient functioning is paramount to our health,with any dysfunction often resulting in serious medical conditions,including motor disorders,neurological diseases,and psychiatric disorders.Recent strides in science and technology have made neuromodulation of the PNS a promising avenue for addressing these health issues.Neuromodulation involves modifying nerve activity using a range of techniques,such as electrical,chemical,optical,and mechanical stimulation.Bioelectronics plays a critical role in this effort,allowing for precise,controlled,and sustained stimulation of the PNS.This paper provides an overview of the PNS,discusses the current state of neuromodulation devices,and presents emerging trends in the field,including advances in wireless power transfer and materials,that are shaping the future of neuromodulation.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science&ICT(MSIT)and the Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy(MOTIE)of Korea through the National Research Foundation(Nos.2019R1A2B5B03069358 and 2016R1A5A1009926)the Bio&Medical Technology Development Program(No.2018M3A9F1021649)+4 种基金the Nano Material Technology Development Program(No.2016M3A7B4910635)Sejong Science Fellowship(No.2021R1 ClC2008657)the Technology Innovation Program(Nos.20010366 and 20013621,Center for Super Critical Material Industrial Technology)the authors thank financial support by the Institute for Basic Science(No.IBS-R026-D1)the Research Program(No.2019-22-0228)funded by Yonsei University.
文摘The brain is actuated by billions of neurons with trillions of interconnections that regulate human behaviors.Understanding the mechanisms of these systems that induce sensory reactions and respond to disease remains one of the greatest challenges in science,engineering,and medicine.Recent advances in nanomaterials and nanotechnologies have led to the extensive research of electronic devices for brain interfaces to better understand the neural activities of the brains complex nervous system.The development of sensor devices for monitoring the physiological signals of the brain related to traumatic injury status has accompanied by the progress of electronic neural probes in parallel.In addition,these neurological and stereotactic surgical revolutions hold immense potential for clinical analysis of pharmacological systems within cerebral tissues.Here,we review the progress of electronic devices interfacing with brain in terms of the materials,fabrication technologies,and device designs.Neurophysiological activity can be measured and modulated by brain probes based on newly developed nanofabrication methodologies.Furthermore,in vivo pathological monitoring of the brain and pharmacological assessment has been developed in miniaturized and wireless form.We also consider the key challenges and prospects for further development,and explore the future directions emerging in the latest research.
