Land use policy involves allocating land between production alternatives to meet society’s wants and desires. Increase in the affluence in the United States has increased the demand for environmental flows that could...Land use policy involves allocating land between production alternatives to meet society’s wants and desires. Increase in the affluence in the United States has increased the demand for environmental flows that could be met from public ownership or as joint products of private ownerships. The empirical results of this study indicated that land use patterns remained relatively unchanged between 1947 and 2007. The lack of change suggests that a large part of the demand for environmental services is being as byproducts of other commercial decisions.展开更多
This paper develops an information theoretic estimator of wage and employment shifts that provides quantification of and inference about type of employment (full time, part time, seasonal, unemployed) and industry sha...This paper develops an information theoretic estimator of wage and employment shifts that provides quantification of and inference about type of employment (full time, part time, seasonal, unemployed) and industry share of employment. It is applied to determine the effects of two United States Agency for International Development (USAID) projects on employment in villages in the Tambacounda and Kedougou provinces in Senegal. The projects support the development of local forest-based production and processing industries. The results demonstrate statistically significant and positive effects on employment and the industry composition of employment.展开更多
Most previous studies have investigated country-of-origin effect for agricultural products from the economically developed country, but few have focused on the impact of country-of-origin on agricultural products from...Most previous studies have investigated country-of-origin effect for agricultural products from the economically developed country, but few have focused on the impact of country-of-origin on agricultural products from economically developing countries. Using a national online survey in France, we determine French consumers＇ perceptions and preferences for fresh fruit from China. Results of ordered logit models show that fresh fruit from China was perceived as low quality and unsafe. Respondents who care about country-of-origin were less likely to purchase fresh fruit from China, while those who care about brand were more likely to buy Chinese fresh fruit. Risk perception and quality perception both had a significant impact on the purchase of Chinese fresh fruit. Results of latent class models obtained with key consumer demographics show that heterogeneous preferences exist among different consumer groups. The results provide critical information to both China and other economically developing countries in their efforts to improve market penetration in economically developed countries.展开更多
Despite China's fast-growing e-commerce and its great achievement in promoting poverty alleviation through consumption,little is known about Chinese consumers'online ethical consumption.Using the payment card ...Despite China's fast-growing e-commerce and its great achievement in promoting poverty alleviation through consumption,little is known about Chinese consumers'online ethical consumption.Using the payment card elicitation method,this paper designs a within-subject survey and a between-subject survey to investigate Chinese consumers'quality perception and preference for apples from poverty-stricken areas.The results show that before"information shock",emphasizing that taste and safety attributes of apples from poverty-stricken areas are the same as the conventional ones,Chinese consumers on average are willing to pay a 31%premium for apples from poverty-stricken areas.After"information shock",both the within-subject and between-subject designs show a minimal drop of the premium,implying that the ethical attribute is the main motivation for buying apples from poverty-stricken areas.The regression results show that quality perception of private attributes has significant effect on consumers'willingness to pay(WTP)for apples from poverty-stricken areas,and trust in government supervision of e-commerce plays an essential role in motivating online ethical consumption.展开更多
This paper discusses the determinants of meat imports of China. Results indicate that import demand is mostly determined by import price and real GDP. Imported price has a negative effect and real GDP has a positive i...This paper discusses the determinants of meat imports of China. Results indicate that import demand is mostly determined by import price and real GDP. Imported price has a negative effect and real GDP has a positive influence on import quantity. Tariff does not have a significant effect. As GDP and consumption capacity increases, China has a large potential demand for meat imports. Some countries may gain if China＇s economy continues expanding, while others, like the United States, are the most sensitive to the trade policy of China.展开更多
This study examined whether urban Chinese consumers with stronger environmental values have higher valuations for plastic beverage bottles that are made of post-consumer recycled material(rPET)or that come in large si...This study examined whether urban Chinese consumers with stronger environmental values have higher valuations for plastic beverage bottles that are made of post-consumer recycled material(rPET)or that come in large sizes that use plastic more efficiently.It also assesses the effectiveness of environmental information provision and green identity labeling in increasing consumer willingness to pay for environmentally-friendly packaging.The results suggest that urban Chinese consumers are willing to pay a premium for rPET bottles,indicating that there is a potential market for rPET food and beverage packaging in China that calls for manufacturing guidelines,safety standards,or regulations.Providing environmental information and attaching green identity labels increases consumer valuations of rPET bottles,with their joint use exerting the largest effect.Pro-environmental consumers are more responsive to environmental information and green identity labeling and thus are willing to pay a higher premium for rPET bottles.However,in terms of choosing large bottles as a means to reduce plastic use in product packaging,consumers were found to be indifferent about plastic bottle sizes even after receiving environmental information.It is suggested that the inconvenience of carrying or storing large bottles might have offset their perceived environmental benefits.展开更多
Prevailing agricultural systems dominated by annual crop monocultures,and the landscapes that contain them,lack resilience and multifunctionality.They are vulnerable to extreme weather events,contribute to degradation...Prevailing agricultural systems dominated by annual crop monocultures,and the landscapes that contain them,lack resilience and multifunctionality.They are vulnerable to extreme weather events,contribute to degradation of soil,water,and air quality,reduce biodiversity,and negatively impact human health,social engagement,and equity.To achieve greater resilience,stability,and multiple ecosystem services therein,and to improve socioeconomic outcomes,we propose a practical framework to gain multifunctionality at multiple scales.This framework includes forages within agroecosystems that have the essential structural features of diversity,perenniality,and circularity.These three structural features are associated with increased resilience,stability,and provision of several ecosystem services,which in turn improve human health and socioeconomic outcomes.This framework improves understanding of,and access to,tools and materials for promoting the adoption of diverse circular agroecosystems with perennial forages.Application of this framework can result in land transformations that solve sustainability challenges in agriculture if policy,economic,and social barriers can be overcome by a transdisciplinary process of equitable knowledge production.展开更多
A natural hazard-related disaster event often causes a series of secondary disasters, forming a disaster chain. Modeling the evolution of disaster chains in multihazard scenarios is crucial for risk governance and urb...A natural hazard-related disaster event often causes a series of secondary disasters, forming a disaster chain. Modeling the evolution of disaster chains in multihazard scenarios is crucial for risk governance and urban resilience. However, existing multi-hazard models are limited by complex model design and fixed disaster types, making it impossible to ensure flexible reactions to complex and diverse scenarios. This study presents a disaster management system for disaster model service chain(DMSC) to implement interoperable multi-hazard modeling. To achieve efficient model interaction in the DMSC, a management module is designed to normalize heterogeneous single-hazard models based on disaster system theory and the Open Geospatial Consortium standards, enabling them to be accessible,reusable, and interoperable. The normalized models are then adaptively orchestrated through an orchestration module to establish optimal executable DMSCs for different multihazard scenarios. Taking an earthquake disaster chain as a case study, we demonstrate that the disaster management system shows stable and flexible performance for multihazard modeling.展开更多
文摘Land use policy involves allocating land between production alternatives to meet society’s wants and desires. Increase in the affluence in the United States has increased the demand for environmental flows that could be met from public ownership or as joint products of private ownerships. The empirical results of this study indicated that land use patterns remained relatively unchanged between 1947 and 2007. The lack of change suggests that a large part of the demand for environmental services is being as byproducts of other commercial decisions.
文摘This paper develops an information theoretic estimator of wage and employment shifts that provides quantification of and inference about type of employment (full time, part time, seasonal, unemployed) and industry share of employment. It is applied to determine the effects of two United States Agency for International Development (USAID) projects on employment in villages in the Tambacounda and Kedougou provinces in Senegal. The projects support the development of local forest-based production and processing industries. The results demonstrate statistically significant and positive effects on employment and the industry composition of employment.
基金supported by the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) (Hatch project FLA-FRE-005292)supported by the China Scholarship Council,the Humanities +1 种基金Social Science Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (13YJC790138)the Jiangsu University Philosophy and Social Science Fund,China (2017SJB0191)
文摘Most previous studies have investigated country-of-origin effect for agricultural products from the economically developed country, but few have focused on the impact of country-of-origin on agricultural products from economically developing countries. Using a national online survey in France, we determine French consumers＇ perceptions and preferences for fresh fruit from China. Results of ordered logit models show that fresh fruit from China was perceived as low quality and unsafe. Respondents who care about country-of-origin were less likely to purchase fresh fruit from China, while those who care about brand were more likely to buy Chinese fresh fruit. Risk perception and quality perception both had a significant impact on the purchase of Chinese fresh fruit. Results of latent class models obtained with key consumer demographics show that heterogeneous preferences exist among different consumer groups. The results provide critical information to both China and other economically developing countries in their efforts to improve market penetration in economically developed countries.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71903088)the Project of Humanities and Social Science of the Ministry of Education of China(19YJC790132)。
文摘Despite China's fast-growing e-commerce and its great achievement in promoting poverty alleviation through consumption,little is known about Chinese consumers'online ethical consumption.Using the payment card elicitation method,this paper designs a within-subject survey and a between-subject survey to investigate Chinese consumers'quality perception and preference for apples from poverty-stricken areas.The results show that before"information shock",emphasizing that taste and safety attributes of apples from poverty-stricken areas are the same as the conventional ones,Chinese consumers on average are willing to pay a 31%premium for apples from poverty-stricken areas.After"information shock",both the within-subject and between-subject designs show a minimal drop of the premium,implying that the ethical attribute is the main motivation for buying apples from poverty-stricken areas.The regression results show that quality perception of private attributes has significant effect on consumers'willingness to pay(WTP)for apples from poverty-stricken areas,and trust in government supervision of e-commerce plays an essential role in motivating online ethical consumption.
文摘This paper discusses the determinants of meat imports of China. Results indicate that import demand is mostly determined by import price and real GDP. Imported price has a negative effect and real GDP has a positive influence on import quantity. Tariff does not have a significant effect. As GDP and consumption capacity increases, China has a large potential demand for meat imports. Some countries may gain if China＇s economy continues expanding, while others, like the United States, are the most sensitive to the trade policy of China.
基金supported by a research scholarship from the Guo Tingting Foundation.
文摘This study examined whether urban Chinese consumers with stronger environmental values have higher valuations for plastic beverage bottles that are made of post-consumer recycled material(rPET)or that come in large sizes that use plastic more efficiently.It also assesses the effectiveness of environmental information provision and green identity labeling in increasing consumer willingness to pay for environmentally-friendly packaging.The results suggest that urban Chinese consumers are willing to pay a premium for rPET bottles,indicating that there is a potential market for rPET food and beverage packaging in China that calls for manufacturing guidelines,safety standards,or regulations.Providing environmental information and attaching green identity labels increases consumer valuations of rPET bottles,with their joint use exerting the largest effect.Pro-environmental consumers are more responsive to environmental information and green identity labeling and thus are willing to pay a higher premium for rPET bottles.However,in terms of choosing large bottles as a means to reduce plastic use in product packaging,consumers were found to be indifferent about plastic bottle sizes even after receiving environmental information.It is suggested that the inconvenience of carrying or storing large bottles might have offset their perceived environmental benefits.
基金funded by USDA NIFA Sustainable Agricultural Systems Coordinated Agricultural Project grant#2021‐68012‐35917.
文摘Prevailing agricultural systems dominated by annual crop monocultures,and the landscapes that contain them,lack resilience and multifunctionality.They are vulnerable to extreme weather events,contribute to degradation of soil,water,and air quality,reduce biodiversity,and negatively impact human health,social engagement,and equity.To achieve greater resilience,stability,and multiple ecosystem services therein,and to improve socioeconomic outcomes,we propose a practical framework to gain multifunctionality at multiple scales.This framework includes forages within agroecosystems that have the essential structural features of diversity,perenniality,and circularity.These three structural features are associated with increased resilience,stability,and provision of several ecosystem services,which in turn improve human health and socioeconomic outcomes.This framework improves understanding of,and access to,tools and materials for promoting the adoption of diverse circular agroecosystems with perennial forages.Application of this framework can result in land transformations that solve sustainability challenges in agriculture if policy,economic,and social barriers can be overcome by a transdisciplinary process of equitable knowledge production.
基金Project of Shenzhen,China(Grant No.JCYJ20180508152055235)the Key Field Research and Development Program of Guangdong,China(Grant No.2019B111104001).
文摘A natural hazard-related disaster event often causes a series of secondary disasters, forming a disaster chain. Modeling the evolution of disaster chains in multihazard scenarios is crucial for risk governance and urban resilience. However, existing multi-hazard models are limited by complex model design and fixed disaster types, making it impossible to ensure flexible reactions to complex and diverse scenarios. This study presents a disaster management system for disaster model service chain(DMSC) to implement interoperable multi-hazard modeling. To achieve efficient model interaction in the DMSC, a management module is designed to normalize heterogeneous single-hazard models based on disaster system theory and the Open Geospatial Consortium standards, enabling them to be accessible,reusable, and interoperable. The normalized models are then adaptively orchestrated through an orchestration module to establish optimal executable DMSCs for different multihazard scenarios. Taking an earthquake disaster chain as a case study, we demonstrate that the disaster management system shows stable and flexible performance for multihazard modeling.
