Diagnosis of periodontal disease mainly depends on clinical signs and symptoms. However, in the case of bone destruction, radiographs are valuable diagnostic tools as an adjunct to the clinical examination. Two dimens...Diagnosis of periodontal disease mainly depends on clinical signs and symptoms. However, in the case of bone destruction, radiographs are valuable diagnostic tools as an adjunct to the clinical examination. Two dimensional periapical and panoramic radiographs are routinely used for diagnosing periodontal bone levels. In two dimensional imaging, evaluation of bone craters, lamina dura and periodontal bone level is limited by projection geometry and superpositions of adjacent anatomical structures. Those limitations of 2D radiographs can be eliminated by three-dimensional imaging techniques such as computed tomography. Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) generates 3D volumetric images and is also commonly used in dentistry. All CBCT units provide axial, coronal and sagittal multi-planar reconstructed images without magnification. Also, panoramic images without distortion and magnification can be generated with curved planar reformation. CBCT displays 3D images that are necessary for the diagnosis of intra bony defects, furcation involvements and buccal/lingual bone destructions. CBCT applications provide obvious benefits in periodontics, however; it should be used only in correctindications considering the necessity and the potential hazards of the examination.展开更多
Oral lichen planus （OLP） is a chronic inflammatory disease that is frequently detected in oral tissues. The aim of our study was to identify the prevalence of the detection of periodontopathogenic microorganisms （A...Oral lichen planus （OLP） is a chronic inflammatory disease that is frequently detected in oral tissues. The aim of our study was to identify the prevalence of the detection of periodontopathogenic microorganisms （Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola in OLP patients and to compare with this prevalence of periodontopathogenic microorganisms in healthy non-OLP patients. Our study included 27 （18 chronic periodontitis （OLPP） and 9 gingivitis （OLPG）） patients diagnosed with OLP along with 26 （13 chronic periodontitis （HP） and 13 gingivitis （HG）） healthy non-OLP patients. The multiplex polymerase chain reaction （PCR）with subsequent reverse hybridization method （micro-IDent） was used for identifying periodontopathogenic microorganisms present in subgingival plaque samples. The percentages of detection for A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia and T. denticola in subgingival plaque samples taken from OLP patients （OLPG and OLPP） were 18.5%, 85.1%, 81.4%, 88.8% and 74%, respectively. Meanwhile, in the non-OLP patients （HG and HP）, these values were 7.6%, 50%, 46.1%, 73% and 57.7%, respectively. Thus, comparing the non-OLP groups with the OLP groups, the periodontopathogens＇ percentages of detection in the OLP groups were higher than those in the non-OLP groups. According to our study results, OLP patients have higher levels of infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia and T. denticola than non-OLP patients. We argue that the high percentages in patients with OLP may help identify the importance of periodontopathoRenic microorganisms in the progress of periodontal diseases of OLP.展开更多
Amelogenin（AMG） is a cell adhesion molecule that has an important role in the mineralization of enamel and regulates events during dental development and root formation. The purpose of the present study was to inves...Amelogenin（AMG） is a cell adhesion molecule that has an important role in the mineralization of enamel and regulates events during dental development and root formation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of recombinant human AMG（rhAMG） on mineralized tissue-associated genes in cementoblasts. Immortalized mouse cementoblasts（OCCM-30）were treated with different concentrations（0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1 000, 10 000, 100 000 ng · mL^-1） of recombinant human AMG（rhAMG）and analyzed for proliferation, mineralization and mRNA expression of bone sialoprotein（BSP）, osteocalcin（OCN）, collagen type I（COL I）, osteopontin（OPN）, runt-related transcription factor 2（Runx2）, cementum attachment protein（CAP）, and alkaline phosphatase（ALP） genes using quantitative RT-PCR. The dose response of rhAMG was evaluated using a real-time cell analyzer.Total RNA was isolated on day 3, and cell mineralization was assessed using von Kossa staining on day 8. COL I, OPN and lysosomalassociated membrane protein-1（LAMP-1）, which is a cell surface binding site for amelogenin, were evaluated using immunocytochemistry. F-actin bundles were imaged using confocal microscopy. rhAMG at a concentration of 100 000 ng · mL^-1 increased cell proliferation after 72 h compared to the other concentrations and the untreated control group. rhAMG（100 000 ng · mL^-1） upregulated BSP and OCN mRNA expression levels eightfold and fivefold, respectively. rhAMG at a concentration of 100 000 ng · mL^-1 remarkably enhanced LAMP-1 staining in cementoblasts. Increased numbers of mineralized nodules were observed at concentrations of 10 000 and 100 000 ng · mL^-1 rhAMG. The present data suggest that rhAMG is a potent regulator of gene expression in cementoblasts and support the potential application of rhAMG in therapies aimed at fast regeneration of damaged periodontal tissue.展开更多
AIM To test the reliability of the Sawai’s classification for dental cervical abrasions.METHODSIntraoral photographs of 70 teeth from 23 patients with tooth abrasions were taken by the first examiner MS.The teeth wer...AIM To test the reliability of the Sawai’s classification for dental cervical abrasions.METHODSIntraoral photographs of 70 teeth from 23 patients with tooth abrasions were taken by the first examiner MS.The teeth were marked and the photos were maintained in a soft copy sequentially.Two other examiners FA and SC were trained in the use of the classification and any clarifications needed were provided at the beginning of the study.Each examiner was then given the soft copy of the complied photographs and was asked to classify the dental cervical abrasion according to their understanding of the Sawai’s classification.They were given sheets to write their responses for every marked tooth.All the examiners were blinded to each other’s observations which were then tested for inter-rater agreement among the three examiners.RESULTSThe 70 teeth with tooth abrasions from 23 patients were examined by 3 investigators(MS,FA and SC)to test the reliability of the Sawai’s classification system for tooth abrasion.Each examiner marked their responses in separate sheets which were blinded to each other.The kappa statistics were performed for inter-rater agreement among the three examiners.The level of agreement was evaluated according to the six-level nomenclature given by Landis and Koch.ICC and 95%CI between two examiners,i.e.,the inter-rater agreement among 1^(st) examiner(MS) and 2^(nd) examiner(FA) was 0.89.The inter-rater agreement among 1^(st) examiner(MS) and 3^(rd) examiner(SC) was 0.89.And the inter-rater agreement among 2^(nd) examiner(FA) and 3^(rd) examiner(SC) was 0.83.All the three comparisons show an almost perfect agreement between them.CONCLUSIONThere is an almost perfect agreement between multiple observers for classifying dental cervical abrasions using Sawai’s classification.Hence,this classification is reliable.展开更多
This study was carried out to compare individuals diagnosed with atherosclerosis and periodontal periodontitis based on the degree of change in the human beta-defensins(HBD)HBD-2,HBD-3,and calprotectin.Atherosclerosis...This study was carried out to compare individuals diagnosed with atherosclerosis and periodontal periodontitis based on the degree of change in the human beta-defensins(HBD)HBD-2,HBD-3,and calprotectin.Atherosclerosis is the most frequently observed cardiovascular disease.Dental and periodontal infections are known to provide a considerable basis for atheroma plaque formation.The study group consists of a total number of 40 subjects,with 20 patients diagnosed with atherosclerosis and chronic periodontitis and 20 systemically healthy patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis.Clinical periodontal and blood parameters and HBD-2,HBD-3,and calprotectin biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid were measured.In both groups,following clinical periodontal treatment,a statistically significant decrease in white blood cells(WBC),low-density lipoproteins(LDL),fibrinogen,creatinine,and platelets(PLT),a statistically significant increase in high-density lipoproteins(HDL)in blood samples,statistically meaningful decrease in HBD-2,HBD-3,and calprotectin in the gingival crevicular fluid were achieved.Blood values and HBD-2,HBD-3,calprotectin amounts in the gingival crevicular fluid were increased significantly in the test group compared to the control group.A positive correlation was observed between decreases in HBD-2,HBD-3,calprotectin,and clinical periodontal indices.Regression in systemic inflammation was observed after clinical periodontal treatment.It is concluded that nonsurgical periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis positively affects atherosclerosis prognosis.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effect of free and liposome form of gallic acid on bone regeneration in critical defects in Wistar rats.Methods:Thirty-two female Wistar rats were divided into four study groups:group 1,negat...Objective:To evaluate the effect of free and liposome form of gallic acid on bone regeneration in critical defects in Wistar rats.Methods:Thirty-two female Wistar rats were divided into four study groups:group 1,negative control;group 2,positive control;group 3,gallic acid powder;group 4,gallic acid liposome.A critical-sized defect was created in all rats.Groups 2 to 4 had xenograft,autograft and membrane placement while negative control rats did not receive any treatment.The defect area was sutured and rats were kept alive for 30 d.At the end of the study,a bone specimen including the defect area was removed from calvaria.All specimens were evaluated under the stereomicroscope,then underwent histological analysis.Inflammatory cell counts,osteoblast,osteoclast counts,receptor activator of nuclear factorκ-B(RANKL),osteoprotegerin(OPG),runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2),and alkaline phosphatase were determined.Results:The biggest unhealed defect area was observed in the negative control group and the smallest was observed in the gallic acid liposome group.There were no differences between the positive control group vs.the gallic acid powder group and the gallic acid powder group vs.the gallic acid liposome group.The severity of inflammation was the highest in the negative control group and the lowest in the gallic acid liposome group with significant differences between the groups.All groups had similar osteoblast counts while osteoclast counts were the highest in the positive control group.Gallic acid groups had a lower number of osteoclasts compared with the positive control group.Runx2 and alkaline phosphatase levels were similar in the groups while OPG and BMP-2 levels exhibited a significant increase compared with the negative control group and the positive control group.RANKL was similar in the negative control group,the positive control group,and the gallic acid powder groups but decreased in the gallic acid liposome group.Conclusions:Gallic acid powder and liposome significantly improve bone regeneration in Wistar rats with calvarial defects.The improvement in healing is evident with decreased inflammation and RANKL expressions and increased OPG and BMP-2 expressions.展开更多
This study was conducted to understand the cellular proliferative effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy(PBMT)on thawed dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)stored for 2 years.For this purpose,cells were exposed to PBMT for sho...This study was conducted to understand the cellular proliferative effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy(PBMT)on thawed dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)stored for 2 years.For this purpose,cells were exposed to PBMT for short period of time to evaluate the most appropriate PBMT parameter for stimulating cellular proliferation that can be used for future tissue engineering therapies.Fully characterized DPSCs were seperated into three groups according to the laser energy densities(5 J/cm^(2) or 7 J/cm^(2))applied and a group was served as control in which cells did not receive any laser irradiation.The cells in laser-irradiated groups were further divided into two subgroups according to the period of application(24 h and 0 h)and exposed to Gallium-Aluminum-Arsenide diode laser irradiation.Cell viability and the proliferation rate of the cells were analyzed with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay,any PBMT related cellular cytotoxicity were determined by performing a lactate dehydrogenase assay(LDH)and statistical analysis of data were performed.The percentage of proliferation seemed to increase upon laser therapy in both different doses of irradiation(5 J/cm^(2) and 7 J/cm^(2)).DPSCs showed significantly higher proliferation rate upon 7 J/cm^(2) irradiation in both 0 h and 24 h when compared to control groups.However,DPSCs irradiated with 5 J/cm^(2) dose induced relatively lower proliferation rate when compared to 7 J/cm^(2) dose of irradiation.According to the LDH data,PBMT exposure did not show any significant cytotoxicity at both energy densities in all different time periods.PBMT at 7 J/cm^(2) should be an effective parameter to stimulate proliferation of long-term cryopreserved DPSCs in a short term time period.Photobiomodulation therapy may be an upcoming tool for future tissue enngineering and regenerative dentistry applications.展开更多
Aims: to determine the prevalence of gingival recession and dentine hypersensitivity among the study population, and evaluate the distribution of dentine hypersensitivity among various types of teeth in mild, moderate...Aims: to determine the prevalence of gingival recession and dentine hypersensitivity among the study population, and evaluate the distribution of dentine hypersensitivity among various types of teeth in mild, moderate and severe degrees of gingival recession. Relationship between the severity of gingival recession and dentine hypersensitivity was also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Clinical examination was conducted on six hundred and seventy-six patients (283 males and 393 females). Their ages ranged from 18 to 74 years old (mean 35.4, SD = 11.2). A valid and reliable questionnaire was filled by the participated patients. Results: The prevalence of gingival recession was 79.0%, and the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity within the patients with gingival recession was 23.6%. The most common teeth affected by dentine hypersensitivity were the lower incisors. Dentine hypersensitivity was more commonly found in teeth with mild recession. Conclusion: Increased gingival recession does not necessarily mean increased incidence of dentine hypersensitivity.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate osteogenesis promoted by osteoconductive properties of bone grafting materials and the histopathological effects of ozone on osteogenesis. In total, 56 Winstar rats were eq...The purpose of this study was to investigate osteogenesis promoted by osteoconductive properties of bone grafting materials and the histopathological effects of ozone on osteogenesis. In total, 56 Winstar rats were equally divided into 4 groups. In control group, calvarial bone defect was created in 14 rats. For second group, 8 mm calvarial bone defect with ozone treatment was applied in 14 rats. For third group, an alloplastic bone graft was implanted on 8 mm calvarial bone defect. In fourth group, alloplastic bone graft was inserted in calvarial defect and ozone was treated additionally. Seven of the rats were sacrificed at the end of 4th week and the remaining 7 were sacrificed at the end of 8th week of experiment. In the study, the periosteal flaps were removed with a thin periosteal elevator and averagely 0.8 cm diameter-circular full bone defect was created with a specially designed trephine drill. The bone from the calvarial region was fixed in 10% formalin solution. After decalcification, bones were taken for routine paraffin blocking. Sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson Trichrome. Histopathological findings of 4th and 8th weeks rats showed that best result for new bone formation was observed in graft + ozone treatment. It is concluded that ozone treatment increases the hemostasis in graft region, induces angiogenesis, promotes cell proliferation by preventing infiltration, induces matrix formation by influencing osteoblastic activity and has a positive effect in osteogenesis.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)application on postoperative pain levels and the amount of analgesic use in patients who underwent periodontal flap surgery.METHODS:In this prospective,randomiz...OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)application on postoperative pain levels and the amount of analgesic use in patients who underwent periodontal flap surgery.METHODS:In this prospective,randomized and controlled study,patients planned for periodontal surgery were divided into two groups[EA group(n=22):patients who received electroacupuncture and control group(n=22):patients who did not receive electroacupuncture].Electroacupuncture was applied bilaterally to the Hegu(LI4),Daying(ST5),and Jiache(ST5)points of the patients in the EA group immediately before and after the flap surgery for 30 min at a frequency of 50 Hz to each point at a current that the patient could tolerate.The patients in the control group underwent flap surgery without applying electroacupuncture.Patients were asked to record their pain levels on the visual analog scale and the number of analgesic tablets they took during the 7 postoperative days on the given form.RESULTS:The total mean score of pain felt in the EA group(16.60±2.78)was found to be significantly lower than that in the control group(31.37±2.78)(P=0.001).No significant difference was found between the groups regarding the amount of analgesics taken(4.77±4.72,5.82±3.11)(P=0.111).CONCLUSIONS:Our study shows that electroacupuncture application is beneficial in reducing pain after periodontal flap surgery.Overall,more research is needed to fully understand the effects of electroacupuncture on postoperative pain.展开更多
It has recently been established that neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes, are capable of changes in gene expression during inflammatory responses. However, changes in the transcriptome as the neutrophil leaves ...It has recently been established that neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes, are capable of changes in gene expression during inflammatory responses. However, changes in the transcriptome as the neutrophil leaves the bone marrow have yet to be described. We hypothesized that neutrophils are transcriptionally active cells that alter their gene expression profiles as they migrate into the vasculature and then into inflamed tissues. Our goal was to provide an overview of how the neutrophil＇s transcriptome changes as they migrate through different compartments using microarray and bio-informatic approaches. Our study demonstrates that neutrophils are highly plastic cells where normal environmental cues result in a site-specific neutrophil transcriptome. We demonstrate that neutrophil genes undergo one of four distinct expression change patterns as they move from bone marrow through the circulation to sites of inflammation： （i） continuously increasing; （ii） continuously decreasing; （iii） a down-up-down; and （iv） an up-down-up pattern. Additionally, we demonstrate that the neutrophil migration signaling network and the balance between anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic signaling are two of the main regulatory mechanisms that change as the neutrophil transits through compartments.展开更多
Background Guided tissue regeneration procedures provide predictable reconstruction of periodontal tissues in the treatment of furcation involvements in animals and huamns. This study was to compare long-term effectiv...Background Guided tissue regeneration procedures provide predictable reconstruction of periodontal tissues in the treatment of furcation involvements in animals and huamns. This study was to compare long-term effectiveness of two different types of polylactic acid (PLA) membranes on periodontal regeneration in surgically created class II furcation defects in dogs.Methods Full thickness mucoperiosteal flap was raised on the buccal aspects of the experimental teeth and class II furcation defects having 5 mm vertical dimensions were created on mandibular premolar III and IV on each quadrant. The exposed root surfaces were thoroughly planed and PLA membranes were placed over the experimental defects on both sites. One site received liquid polymer membrane (LPM), and resorbable periodontal mesh (RPM) membranes were applied to the other site. The animals were sacrificed at 7 months after surgery and the specimens were processed for histological evaluation.Results The average length of new attachment formed on the treated roots in both groups ranged from 3. 02 mm to 4. 5 mm. Complete bone filling was observed at the furcation sites. No statistically significant differences were found between two membranes in any of the parameters (P>0. 05).Conclusion This study demonstrates favorable regenerative outcomes by the use of two different types of PLA membranes that could be used as alternatives for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).展开更多
Periodontitis and cardiovascular disease have a complex etiology and genetics and share some common risk factors(i.e., smoking, age, diabetes, etc.). In recent years, the relationship between periodontal disease and c...Periodontitis and cardiovascular disease have a complex etiology and genetics and share some common risk factors(i.e., smoking, age, diabetes, etc.). In recent years, the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease has been investigated extensively. This research mostly focused on the fact that periodontitis is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Our aim in this article is to investigate the etiological relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease and the mechanisms involved in this association. According to the current literature, it is concluded that there is a strong relationship between these chronic disorders.展开更多
We report the case of 27-year-old female patient applied to our clinic with several pain at her upper teeth and weakness complaints. Anamnesis revealed that she experienced laser gingivectomy to have remarkable teeth....We report the case of 27-year-old female patient applied to our clinic with several pain at her upper teeth and weakness complaints. Anamnesis revealed that she experienced laser gingivectomy to have remarkable teeth. Clinical examination showed that maxillar alveolar bone was partially uncovered with gingivae and periosteum. Interproximal necrosed area was observed. She had sensitivity at her maxillar anterior teeth. Furthermore, she was so anxious and depressed. In order to ensure more blood supply and clot formation, perforations on uncovered cortical bone was prepared. Avoiding from infection antibiotic, antiseptic gel and for epithelization vitamin E gel were prescribed. During one month she was recalled every third day. Recall times diminished periodically, as new tissue evolves. Although laser's irreversible photothermal effects on soft and hard tissue, after a year all denuded areas were covered with healthy tissues without any surgical procedures. Histopathologic comparing showed severe lymphocyte infiltration and increased fibrosis and kollagenization in restored gingiva, additionally epithelial loss was observed. Since there is not a case report about the complications of laser gingivectomy in litera-ture, we tried to represent a treatment plan that may be elucidative for clinicians.展开更多
文摘Diagnosis of periodontal disease mainly depends on clinical signs and symptoms. However, in the case of bone destruction, radiographs are valuable diagnostic tools as an adjunct to the clinical examination. Two dimensional periapical and panoramic radiographs are routinely used for diagnosing periodontal bone levels. In two dimensional imaging, evaluation of bone craters, lamina dura and periodontal bone level is limited by projection geometry and superpositions of adjacent anatomical structures. Those limitations of 2D radiographs can be eliminated by three-dimensional imaging techniques such as computed tomography. Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) generates 3D volumetric images and is also commonly used in dentistry. All CBCT units provide axial, coronal and sagittal multi-planar reconstructed images without magnification. Also, panoramic images without distortion and magnification can be generated with curved planar reformation. CBCT displays 3D images that are necessary for the diagnosis of intra bony defects, furcation involvements and buccal/lingual bone destructions. CBCT applications provide obvious benefits in periodontics, however; it should be used only in correctindications considering the necessity and the potential hazards of the examination.
基金project support from the Turkey Scientific and Technological Research Council (project no. 106S340)Selcuk University Coordination of Scientific Research (project no. 06202034)supported by Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University
文摘Oral lichen planus （OLP） is a chronic inflammatory disease that is frequently detected in oral tissues. The aim of our study was to identify the prevalence of the detection of periodontopathogenic microorganisms （Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola in OLP patients and to compare with this prevalence of periodontopathogenic microorganisms in healthy non-OLP patients. Our study included 27 （18 chronic periodontitis （OLPP） and 9 gingivitis （OLPG）） patients diagnosed with OLP along with 26 （13 chronic periodontitis （HP） and 13 gingivitis （HG）） healthy non-OLP patients. The multiplex polymerase chain reaction （PCR）with subsequent reverse hybridization method （micro-IDent） was used for identifying periodontopathogenic microorganisms present in subgingival plaque samples. The percentages of detection for A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia and T. denticola in subgingival plaque samples taken from OLP patients （OLPG and OLPP） were 18.5%, 85.1%, 81.4%, 88.8% and 74%, respectively. Meanwhile, in the non-OLP patients （HG and HP）, these values were 7.6%, 50%, 46.1%, 73% and 57.7%, respectively. Thus, comparing the non-OLP groups with the OLP groups, the periodontopathogens＇ percentages of detection in the OLP groups were higher than those in the non-OLP groups. According to our study results, OLP patients have higher levels of infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia and T. denticola than non-OLP patients. We argue that the high percentages in patients with OLP may help identify the importance of periodontopathoRenic microorganisms in the progress of periodontal diseases of OLP.
基金supported by TüBITAK SBAG108S265(Turkey)BMBF TUR08/09(Germany)
文摘Amelogenin（AMG） is a cell adhesion molecule that has an important role in the mineralization of enamel and regulates events during dental development and root formation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of recombinant human AMG（rhAMG） on mineralized tissue-associated genes in cementoblasts. Immortalized mouse cementoblasts（OCCM-30）were treated with different concentrations（0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1 000, 10 000, 100 000 ng · mL^-1） of recombinant human AMG（rhAMG）and analyzed for proliferation, mineralization and mRNA expression of bone sialoprotein（BSP）, osteocalcin（OCN）, collagen type I（COL I）, osteopontin（OPN）, runt-related transcription factor 2（Runx2）, cementum attachment protein（CAP）, and alkaline phosphatase（ALP） genes using quantitative RT-PCR. The dose response of rhAMG was evaluated using a real-time cell analyzer.Total RNA was isolated on day 3, and cell mineralization was assessed using von Kossa staining on day 8. COL I, OPN and lysosomalassociated membrane protein-1（LAMP-1）, which is a cell surface binding site for amelogenin, were evaluated using immunocytochemistry. F-actin bundles were imaged using confocal microscopy. rhAMG at a concentration of 100 000 ng · mL^-1 increased cell proliferation after 72 h compared to the other concentrations and the untreated control group. rhAMG（100 000 ng · mL^-1） upregulated BSP and OCN mRNA expression levels eightfold and fivefold, respectively. rhAMG at a concentration of 100 000 ng · mL^-1 remarkably enhanced LAMP-1 staining in cementoblasts. Increased numbers of mineralized nodules were observed at concentrations of 10 000 and 100 000 ng · mL^-1 rhAMG. The present data suggest that rhAMG is a potent regulator of gene expression in cementoblasts and support the potential application of rhAMG in therapies aimed at fast regeneration of damaged periodontal tissue.
文摘AIM To test the reliability of the Sawai’s classification for dental cervical abrasions.METHODSIntraoral photographs of 70 teeth from 23 patients with tooth abrasions were taken by the first examiner MS.The teeth were marked and the photos were maintained in a soft copy sequentially.Two other examiners FA and SC were trained in the use of the classification and any clarifications needed were provided at the beginning of the study.Each examiner was then given the soft copy of the complied photographs and was asked to classify the dental cervical abrasion according to their understanding of the Sawai’s classification.They were given sheets to write their responses for every marked tooth.All the examiners were blinded to each other’s observations which were then tested for inter-rater agreement among the three examiners.RESULTSThe 70 teeth with tooth abrasions from 23 patients were examined by 3 investigators(MS,FA and SC)to test the reliability of the Sawai’s classification system for tooth abrasion.Each examiner marked their responses in separate sheets which were blinded to each other.The kappa statistics were performed for inter-rater agreement among the three examiners.The level of agreement was evaluated according to the six-level nomenclature given by Landis and Koch.ICC and 95%CI between two examiners,i.e.,the inter-rater agreement among 1^(st) examiner(MS) and 2^(nd) examiner(FA) was 0.89.The inter-rater agreement among 1^(st) examiner(MS) and 3^(rd) examiner(SC) was 0.89.And the inter-rater agreement among 2^(nd) examiner(FA) and 3^(rd) examiner(SC) was 0.83.All the three comparisons show an almost perfect agreement between them.CONCLUSIONThere is an almost perfect agreement between multiple observers for classifying dental cervical abrasions using Sawai’s classification.Hence,this classification is reliable.
文摘This study was carried out to compare individuals diagnosed with atherosclerosis and periodontal periodontitis based on the degree of change in the human beta-defensins(HBD)HBD-2,HBD-3,and calprotectin.Atherosclerosis is the most frequently observed cardiovascular disease.Dental and periodontal infections are known to provide a considerable basis for atheroma plaque formation.The study group consists of a total number of 40 subjects,with 20 patients diagnosed with atherosclerosis and chronic periodontitis and 20 systemically healthy patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis.Clinical periodontal and blood parameters and HBD-2,HBD-3,and calprotectin biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid were measured.In both groups,following clinical periodontal treatment,a statistically significant decrease in white blood cells(WBC),low-density lipoproteins(LDL),fibrinogen,creatinine,and platelets(PLT),a statistically significant increase in high-density lipoproteins(HDL)in blood samples,statistically meaningful decrease in HBD-2,HBD-3,and calprotectin in the gingival crevicular fluid were achieved.Blood values and HBD-2,HBD-3,calprotectin amounts in the gingival crevicular fluid were increased significantly in the test group compared to the control group.A positive correlation was observed between decreases in HBD-2,HBD-3,calprotectin,and clinical periodontal indices.Regression in systemic inflammation was observed after clinical periodontal treatment.It is concluded that nonsurgical periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis positively affects atherosclerosis prognosis.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effect of free and liposome form of gallic acid on bone regeneration in critical defects in Wistar rats.Methods:Thirty-two female Wistar rats were divided into four study groups:group 1,negative control;group 2,positive control;group 3,gallic acid powder;group 4,gallic acid liposome.A critical-sized defect was created in all rats.Groups 2 to 4 had xenograft,autograft and membrane placement while negative control rats did not receive any treatment.The defect area was sutured and rats were kept alive for 30 d.At the end of the study,a bone specimen including the defect area was removed from calvaria.All specimens were evaluated under the stereomicroscope,then underwent histological analysis.Inflammatory cell counts,osteoblast,osteoclast counts,receptor activator of nuclear factorκ-B(RANKL),osteoprotegerin(OPG),runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2),and alkaline phosphatase were determined.Results:The biggest unhealed defect area was observed in the negative control group and the smallest was observed in the gallic acid liposome group.There were no differences between the positive control group vs.the gallic acid powder group and the gallic acid powder group vs.the gallic acid liposome group.The severity of inflammation was the highest in the negative control group and the lowest in the gallic acid liposome group with significant differences between the groups.All groups had similar osteoblast counts while osteoclast counts were the highest in the positive control group.Gallic acid groups had a lower number of osteoclasts compared with the positive control group.Runx2 and alkaline phosphatase levels were similar in the groups while OPG and BMP-2 levels exhibited a significant increase compared with the negative control group and the positive control group.RANKL was similar in the negative control group,the positive control group,and the gallic acid powder groups but decreased in the gallic acid liposome group.Conclusions:Gallic acid powder and liposome significantly improve bone regeneration in Wistar rats with calvarial defects.The improvement in healing is evident with decreased inflammation and RANKL expressions and increased OPG and BMP-2 expressions.
文摘This study was conducted to understand the cellular proliferative effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy(PBMT)on thawed dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)stored for 2 years.For this purpose,cells were exposed to PBMT for short period of time to evaluate the most appropriate PBMT parameter for stimulating cellular proliferation that can be used for future tissue engineering therapies.Fully characterized DPSCs were seperated into three groups according to the laser energy densities(5 J/cm^(2) or 7 J/cm^(2))applied and a group was served as control in which cells did not receive any laser irradiation.The cells in laser-irradiated groups were further divided into two subgroups according to the period of application(24 h and 0 h)and exposed to Gallium-Aluminum-Arsenide diode laser irradiation.Cell viability and the proliferation rate of the cells were analyzed with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay,any PBMT related cellular cytotoxicity were determined by performing a lactate dehydrogenase assay(LDH)and statistical analysis of data were performed.The percentage of proliferation seemed to increase upon laser therapy in both different doses of irradiation(5 J/cm^(2) and 7 J/cm^(2)).DPSCs showed significantly higher proliferation rate upon 7 J/cm^(2) irradiation in both 0 h and 24 h when compared to control groups.However,DPSCs irradiated with 5 J/cm^(2) dose induced relatively lower proliferation rate when compared to 7 J/cm^(2) dose of irradiation.According to the LDH data,PBMT exposure did not show any significant cytotoxicity at both energy densities in all different time periods.PBMT at 7 J/cm^(2) should be an effective parameter to stimulate proliferation of long-term cryopreserved DPSCs in a short term time period.Photobiomodulation therapy may be an upcoming tool for future tissue enngineering and regenerative dentistry applications.
文摘Aims: to determine the prevalence of gingival recession and dentine hypersensitivity among the study population, and evaluate the distribution of dentine hypersensitivity among various types of teeth in mild, moderate and severe degrees of gingival recession. Relationship between the severity of gingival recession and dentine hypersensitivity was also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Clinical examination was conducted on six hundred and seventy-six patients (283 males and 393 females). Their ages ranged from 18 to 74 years old (mean 35.4, SD = 11.2). A valid and reliable questionnaire was filled by the participated patients. Results: The prevalence of gingival recession was 79.0%, and the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity within the patients with gingival recession was 23.6%. The most common teeth affected by dentine hypersensitivity were the lower incisors. Dentine hypersensitivity was more commonly found in teeth with mild recession. Conclusion: Increased gingival recession does not necessarily mean increased incidence of dentine hypersensitivity.
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate osteogenesis promoted by osteoconductive properties of bone grafting materials and the histopathological effects of ozone on osteogenesis. In total, 56 Winstar rats were equally divided into 4 groups. In control group, calvarial bone defect was created in 14 rats. For second group, 8 mm calvarial bone defect with ozone treatment was applied in 14 rats. For third group, an alloplastic bone graft was implanted on 8 mm calvarial bone defect. In fourth group, alloplastic bone graft was inserted in calvarial defect and ozone was treated additionally. Seven of the rats were sacrificed at the end of 4th week and the remaining 7 were sacrificed at the end of 8th week of experiment. In the study, the periosteal flaps were removed with a thin periosteal elevator and averagely 0.8 cm diameter-circular full bone defect was created with a specially designed trephine drill. The bone from the calvarial region was fixed in 10% formalin solution. After decalcification, bones were taken for routine paraffin blocking. Sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson Trichrome. Histopathological findings of 4th and 8th weeks rats showed that best result for new bone formation was observed in graft + ozone treatment. It is concluded that ozone treatment increases the hemostasis in graft region, induces angiogenesis, promotes cell proliferation by preventing infiltration, induces matrix formation by influencing osteoblastic activity and has a positive effect in osteogenesis.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)application on postoperative pain levels and the amount of analgesic use in patients who underwent periodontal flap surgery.METHODS:In this prospective,randomized and controlled study,patients planned for periodontal surgery were divided into two groups[EA group(n=22):patients who received electroacupuncture and control group(n=22):patients who did not receive electroacupuncture].Electroacupuncture was applied bilaterally to the Hegu(LI4),Daying(ST5),and Jiache(ST5)points of the patients in the EA group immediately before and after the flap surgery for 30 min at a frequency of 50 Hz to each point at a current that the patient could tolerate.The patients in the control group underwent flap surgery without applying electroacupuncture.Patients were asked to record their pain levels on the visual analog scale and the number of analgesic tablets they took during the 7 postoperative days on the given form.RESULTS:The total mean score of pain felt in the EA group(16.60±2.78)was found to be significantly lower than that in the control group(31.37±2.78)(P=0.001).No significant difference was found between the groups regarding the amount of analgesics taken(4.77±4.72,5.82±3.11)(P=0.111).CONCLUSIONS:Our study shows that electroacupuncture application is beneficial in reducing pain after periodontal flap surgery.Overall,more research is needed to fully understand the effects of electroacupuncture on postoperative pain.
文摘It has recently been established that neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes, are capable of changes in gene expression during inflammatory responses. However, changes in the transcriptome as the neutrophil leaves the bone marrow have yet to be described. We hypothesized that neutrophils are transcriptionally active cells that alter their gene expression profiles as they migrate into the vasculature and then into inflamed tissues. Our goal was to provide an overview of how the neutrophil＇s transcriptome changes as they migrate through different compartments using microarray and bio-informatic approaches. Our study demonstrates that neutrophils are highly plastic cells where normal environmental cues result in a site-specific neutrophil transcriptome. We demonstrate that neutrophil genes undergo one of four distinct expression change patterns as they move from bone marrow through the circulation to sites of inflammation： （i） continuously increasing; （ii） continuously decreasing; （iii） a down-up-down; and （iv） an up-down-up pattern. Additionally, we demonstrate that the neutrophil migration signaling network and the balance between anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic signaling are two of the main regulatory mechanisms that change as the neutrophil transits through compartments.
文摘Background Guided tissue regeneration procedures provide predictable reconstruction of periodontal tissues in the treatment of furcation involvements in animals and huamns. This study was to compare long-term effectiveness of two different types of polylactic acid (PLA) membranes on periodontal regeneration in surgically created class II furcation defects in dogs.Methods Full thickness mucoperiosteal flap was raised on the buccal aspects of the experimental teeth and class II furcation defects having 5 mm vertical dimensions were created on mandibular premolar III and IV on each quadrant. The exposed root surfaces were thoroughly planed and PLA membranes were placed over the experimental defects on both sites. One site received liquid polymer membrane (LPM), and resorbable periodontal mesh (RPM) membranes were applied to the other site. The animals were sacrificed at 7 months after surgery and the specimens were processed for histological evaluation.Results The average length of new attachment formed on the treated roots in both groups ranged from 3. 02 mm to 4. 5 mm. Complete bone filling was observed at the furcation sites. No statistically significant differences were found between two membranes in any of the parameters (P>0. 05).Conclusion This study demonstrates favorable regenerative outcomes by the use of two different types of PLA membranes that could be used as alternatives for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
文摘Periodontitis and cardiovascular disease have a complex etiology and genetics and share some common risk factors(i.e., smoking, age, diabetes, etc.). In recent years, the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease has been investigated extensively. This research mostly focused on the fact that periodontitis is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Our aim in this article is to investigate the etiological relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease and the mechanisms involved in this association. According to the current literature, it is concluded that there is a strong relationship between these chronic disorders.
文摘We report the case of 27-year-old female patient applied to our clinic with several pain at her upper teeth and weakness complaints. Anamnesis revealed that she experienced laser gingivectomy to have remarkable teeth. Clinical examination showed that maxillar alveolar bone was partially uncovered with gingivae and periosteum. Interproximal necrosed area was observed. She had sensitivity at her maxillar anterior teeth. Furthermore, she was so anxious and depressed. In order to ensure more blood supply and clot formation, perforations on uncovered cortical bone was prepared. Avoiding from infection antibiotic, antiseptic gel and for epithelization vitamin E gel were prescribed. During one month she was recalled every third day. Recall times diminished periodically, as new tissue evolves. Although laser's irreversible photothermal effects on soft and hard tissue, after a year all denuded areas were covered with healthy tissues without any surgical procedures. Histopathologic comparing showed severe lymphocyte infiltration and increased fibrosis and kollagenization in restored gingiva, additionally epithelial loss was observed. Since there is not a case report about the complications of laser gingivectomy in litera-ture, we tried to represent a treatment plan that may be elucidative for clinicians.
