Biotic and abiotic factors control aboveground biomass(AGB)and the structure of forest ecosystems.This study analyses the variation of AGB and stand structure of evergreen broadleaved forests among six ecoregions of V...Biotic and abiotic factors control aboveground biomass(AGB)and the structure of forest ecosystems.This study analyses the variation of AGB and stand structure of evergreen broadleaved forests among six ecoregions of Vietnam.A data set of 1731-ha plots from 52 locations in undisturbed old-growth forests was developed.The results indicate that basal area and AGB are closely correlated with annual precipitation,but not with annual temperature,evaporation or hours of sunshine.Basal area and AGB are positively correlated with trees>30 cm DBH.Most areas surveyed(52.6%)in these old-growth forests had AGB of 100–200 Mg ha^-1;5.2%had AGB of 400–500 Mg ha^-1,and 0.6%had AGB of>800 Mg ha^-1.Seventy percent of the areas surveyed had stand densities of 300–600 ind.ha^-1,and 64%had basal areas of 20–40 m^2 ha^-1.Precipitation is an important factor influencing the AGB of old-growth,evergreen broadleaved forests in Vietnam.Disturbances causing the loss of large-diameter trees(e.g.,>100 cm DBH)affects AGB but may not seriously affect stand density.展开更多
In the context of economic globalization and increasingly tight resource and environmental constraints,the environmental effect of open economy has been highly concerned by the academic community.With the implementati...In the context of economic globalization and increasingly tight resource and environmental constraints,the environmental effect of open economy has been highly concerned by the academic community.With the implementation of the“Going Global”campaign and the“Belt and Road Initiative”,China’s OFDI has been expanding.What is the impact of the rapid growth of OFDI on the home environment?How can China improve the quality and level of OFDI in order to promote domestic green development under the dual context of constructing a new dual circulation development pattern and advocating green development?These questions deserve further discussion.Most of the existing literature focuses on the empirical interpretation of OFDI’s home country environmental effect by using linear models,while few involve nonlinear models.The literature on the important role of financial development in home country and the threshold effect of OFDI on home country environment is even less common.In view of this,based on the mechanism of argumentation and propositional inference,this paper calculated the environmental pollution index of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2017 by using China’s provincial panel data of these years and selecting industrial waste water,industrial waste gas,industrial SO_(2),and industrial soot emissions and industrial solid waste production amount index.Then,this paper empirically studied China's OFDI home environment of financial development threshold effect by constructing financial development as the threshold variables panel threshold model.The results showed that:①China’s OFDI had a significant impact on the environment of the home country,based on the level of financial development of the home country.When China’s financial development level was lower than the first threshold value,China’s OFDI had a significant restraining effect on environmental pollution in the home country.When China’s financial development level crossed the first threshold value but did not exceed the second threshold value,China’s OFDI significantly enhanced its inhibiting effect on environmental pollution in its home country.When China’s financial development level was higher than the second threshold value,the inhibiting effect of China’s OFDI on environmental pollution in the home country was further enhanced.②In the sample period,the financial development level of most provinces in China was not high.Only a few provinces with high financial development level had a strong inhibiting effect on environmental pollution in their home country,and the provinces with a high degree of coupling and coordination between OFDI and financial development tended to have a low level of environmental pollution.Accordingly,this paper proposes to optimize the financial service environment of OFDI,improve the green technology content of OFDI,and strengthen the original innovation and re-innovation ability of green technology.展开更多
Previous discussion about the factors of the expanding trend of abandoned cultivation had focused only on universal factors and lacked evaluation of the regionality of the phenomenon. This paper demonstrated the Toraj...Previous discussion about the factors of the expanding trend of abandoned cultivation had focused only on universal factors and lacked evaluation of the regionality of the phenomenon. This paper demonstrated the Toraja’s regional characteristics and the influence of cultural endemism on decision-making about abandoning cultivation by an observation-oriented approach. Based on a causal framework constructed by field observation and geospatial data generation, an adjustment for overt covariates using the multivariate logistic regression model to draw the causal effect from hidden covariates was examined in two rice terraces with different water systems, i.e. irrigated field and rain-fed field. The result of sub-group analysis revealed that decisions about abandoning cultivation in Toraja were greatly associated with disadvantageous factors for intensive farming, i.e. “number of adjacent fields” and “soil erosion” rather than advantageous factors, i.e. “area of field” and “distance to roads”. Moreover, the result of interaction analysis which controlled the effect of topography revealed the powerful effect of particular decision factors only in rain-fed rice terrace: the “distance to roads” factor’s fairly negative contribution on abandoning cultivation (Odds ratio = 9.94E - 01, P value = 2.03E - 11), as well as the “number of adjacent field” factor’s positive contribution on abandoning cultivation (Odds ratio = 1.13E+00, P value = 3.65E - 04). Given the evidence from the explanation of these results by customary laws and land inheritance system for each site, therefore, it could be concluded that the screening and detection of cultural endemism’s influence was achieved using the algorithm this paper proposes.展开更多
On September 10 after the G20 Summit in New Dehli,U.S.President Joe Biden traveled by Air Force One to Hanoi,Vietnam,for a state visit.There,he met with Nguyen Phu Trong,general secretary of the Communist Party of Vie...On September 10 after the G20 Summit in New Dehli,U.S.President Joe Biden traveled by Air Force One to Hanoi,Vietnam,for a state visit.There,he met with Nguyen Phu Trong,general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam(CPV)Central Committee,and other senior state leaders to exchange views on how to deepen cooperation between the two countries.展开更多
Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Vietnam from December 12 to 13,2023.During the two-day visit,China and Vietnam issued a joint statement on continuing to deepen and elevate their comprehensive strate...Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Vietnam from December 12 to 13,2023.During the two-day visit,China and Vietnam issued a joint statement on continuing to deepen and elevate their comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership and building a community with a shared future that carries strategic significance.The two sides also signed more than 30 agreements on bilateral cooperation.These developments injected strong momentum into China-Vietnam relations and elevated bilateral ties to a new height.展开更多
Research on selection of superior breeding infraspecies Gyrinops versteegii （Gilg） Domke aims to select an infraspecies of G. versteegii having internal factors that affect the quality and quantity of production aro...Research on selection of superior breeding infraspecies Gyrinops versteegii （Gilg） Domke aims to select an infraspecies of G. versteegii having internal factors that affect the quality and quantity of production aromatic resin or agarwood. The internal factors are variations in wood anatomy, phytochemicals and agarwood of infraspecies G. versteegii. Of five local populations taken from West Lombok Island in Indonesia, the research areas are geographically located at coordinates： 8°15′-8°40′ South Latitude and 116°00′-116°20′East Longitude. Quality and quantity of agarwood production is influenced by internal factors of eaglewood trees, such as high starch production and the size of the cells making up the larger wood tissue. Infraspecies G. versteegii that have quality and quantity production of aromatic resin （the best agarwood） is Beringin group and the highest quantity of agarwood production （agarwood formation on the whole organ） is Soyun group.展开更多
We studied human perceptions on the management of bamboo-tree gardens in two villages with contrasting agroecological conditions in the upper Citarum basin. We undertook interviews to reveal perceptions on the tenure,...We studied human perceptions on the management of bamboo-tree gardens in two villages with contrasting agroecological conditions in the upper Citarum basin. We undertook interviews to reveal perceptions on the tenure, function, and management strategies of multi-layered agroforest. Owners in a village located lower in the basin perceived the gardens more positively than those in an upland village, where market pressures were felt more keenly and for a longer period. There was not always a direct correlation between perceptions and behavior with respect to bamboo-tree garden management. However, we concluded that an understanding of human perceptions could provide valuable insight to the process of formulating strategies that might be effective in minimizing the conversion of bamboo-tree gardens to more intensive and less ecologically diverse agricultural systems. Specifically, since the villagers retained a strong cultural perception of the heritage value of the bamboo-tree gardens, they would likely be responsive to conservation efforts that increased the economic value of the gardens and reduced the opportunity cost of not converting them to production that is more intensive or other land uses.展开更多
ASEAN economies enjoyed stable growth in 2018,with most maintaining moderate growth.With increasing economic power and rising international status,the region was one of the most dynamic corners of the global economy l...ASEAN economies enjoyed stable growth in 2018,with most maintaining moderate growth.With increasing economic power and rising international status,the region was one of the most dynamic corners of the global economy last year.In recent years,ASEAN economies have achieved tangible progress in accelerating industrial restructuring,improving the business environment and enhancing international competitiveness.展开更多
As the COVID-19 pandemic spread at alarming speed,the economic activities in ASEAN member states were disrupted when governments implemented tough containment measures.Since the situation was gradually brought under c...As the COVID-19 pandemic spread at alarming speed,the economic activities in ASEAN member states were disrupted when governments implemented tough containment measures.Since the situation was gradually brought under control in May,these countries have launched work on rebooting the economy and digging a way out of the epidemic.Considering the grim picture,most governments of ASEAN countries revised their economic projections for 2020.Indonesia trimmed its gross domestic product(GDP)annual growth forecast from an estimated 5.3 percent to 0.4 to 2.3 percent,a speed not seen since 1999.展开更多
The surface water samples were collected in river Dahe and its tributaries, which flow into severely eutrophic lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China, in order to elucidate factors controlling water quality fluctuations...The surface water samples were collected in river Dahe and its tributaries, which flow into severely eutrophic lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China, in order to elucidate factors controlling water quality fluctuations. The temporal and spatial distribution of water quality tendency was observed. The water quality of each river is dependent on the hydrology effect such water gate and circulating irrigation system. We must consider the hydrology effect to accurately understand water quality variations of river in this study field. In river without highly circulating irrigation system or water gate effect, the downstream nitrate nitrogen （NO3-N） concentration increase occurred in area dominated by open field cultivation, whereas the NO3-N concentration was constant or decreased in area dominated by greenhouse land use. This result suggests that greenhouse covers the soil from precipitation, and nitrate load of greenhouse could be less than that of open field cultivation while the rainfall event. In the upper reaches of river, where is dominated by open field cultivation, there were no sharp increase dissolved molybdate reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus concentration, but P load was accumulated in the lower reaches of river, whose predominant land use is greenhouse. Although the P sources is unclear in this study, greenhouse area may have potential of P loads due to its high P content in greenhouse soil. Considering hydrology effect is necessary to determine what the major factor is influencing the water quality variation, especially in area with highly complicated irrigation system in this studying site.展开更多
基金funded by Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology under Grant numberDTDL.XH.10/15Vietnam National Foundation for Science&Technology Development(106-NN.06-2016.10)International Foundation for Science(J-1-D-4602-3)。
文摘Biotic and abiotic factors control aboveground biomass(AGB)and the structure of forest ecosystems.This study analyses the variation of AGB and stand structure of evergreen broadleaved forests among six ecoregions of Vietnam.A data set of 1731-ha plots from 52 locations in undisturbed old-growth forests was developed.The results indicate that basal area and AGB are closely correlated with annual precipitation,but not with annual temperature,evaporation or hours of sunshine.Basal area and AGB are positively correlated with trees>30 cm DBH.Most areas surveyed(52.6%)in these old-growth forests had AGB of 100–200 Mg ha^-1;5.2%had AGB of 400–500 Mg ha^-1,and 0.6%had AGB of>800 Mg ha^-1.Seventy percent of the areas surveyed had stand densities of 300–600 ind.ha^-1,and 64%had basal areas of 20–40 m^2 ha^-1.Precipitation is an important factor influencing the AGB of old-growth,evergreen broadleaved forests in Vietnam.Disturbances causing the loss of large-diameter trees(e.g.,>100 cm DBH)affects AGB but may not seriously affect stand density.
文摘In the context of economic globalization and increasingly tight resource and environmental constraints,the environmental effect of open economy has been highly concerned by the academic community.With the implementation of the“Going Global”campaign and the“Belt and Road Initiative”,China’s OFDI has been expanding.What is the impact of the rapid growth of OFDI on the home environment?How can China improve the quality and level of OFDI in order to promote domestic green development under the dual context of constructing a new dual circulation development pattern and advocating green development?These questions deserve further discussion.Most of the existing literature focuses on the empirical interpretation of OFDI’s home country environmental effect by using linear models,while few involve nonlinear models.The literature on the important role of financial development in home country and the threshold effect of OFDI on home country environment is even less common.In view of this,based on the mechanism of argumentation and propositional inference,this paper calculated the environmental pollution index of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2017 by using China’s provincial panel data of these years and selecting industrial waste water,industrial waste gas,industrial SO_(2),and industrial soot emissions and industrial solid waste production amount index.Then,this paper empirically studied China's OFDI home environment of financial development threshold effect by constructing financial development as the threshold variables panel threshold model.The results showed that:①China’s OFDI had a significant impact on the environment of the home country,based on the level of financial development of the home country.When China’s financial development level was lower than the first threshold value,China’s OFDI had a significant restraining effect on environmental pollution in the home country.When China’s financial development level crossed the first threshold value but did not exceed the second threshold value,China’s OFDI significantly enhanced its inhibiting effect on environmental pollution in its home country.When China’s financial development level was higher than the second threshold value,the inhibiting effect of China’s OFDI on environmental pollution in the home country was further enhanced.②In the sample period,the financial development level of most provinces in China was not high.Only a few provinces with high financial development level had a strong inhibiting effect on environmental pollution in their home country,and the provinces with a high degree of coupling and coordination between OFDI and financial development tended to have a low level of environmental pollution.Accordingly,this paper proposes to optimize the financial service environment of OFDI,improve the green technology content of OFDI,and strengthen the original innovation and re-innovation ability of green technology.
文摘Previous discussion about the factors of the expanding trend of abandoned cultivation had focused only on universal factors and lacked evaluation of the regionality of the phenomenon. This paper demonstrated the Toraja’s regional characteristics and the influence of cultural endemism on decision-making about abandoning cultivation by an observation-oriented approach. Based on a causal framework constructed by field observation and geospatial data generation, an adjustment for overt covariates using the multivariate logistic regression model to draw the causal effect from hidden covariates was examined in two rice terraces with different water systems, i.e. irrigated field and rain-fed field. The result of sub-group analysis revealed that decisions about abandoning cultivation in Toraja were greatly associated with disadvantageous factors for intensive farming, i.e. “number of adjacent fields” and “soil erosion” rather than advantageous factors, i.e. “area of field” and “distance to roads”. Moreover, the result of interaction analysis which controlled the effect of topography revealed the powerful effect of particular decision factors only in rain-fed rice terrace: the “distance to roads” factor’s fairly negative contribution on abandoning cultivation (Odds ratio = 9.94E - 01, P value = 2.03E - 11), as well as the “number of adjacent field” factor’s positive contribution on abandoning cultivation (Odds ratio = 1.13E+00, P value = 3.65E - 04). Given the evidence from the explanation of these results by customary laws and land inheritance system for each site, therefore, it could be concluded that the screening and detection of cultural endemism’s influence was achieved using the algorithm this paper proposes.
文摘On September 10 after the G20 Summit in New Dehli,U.S.President Joe Biden traveled by Air Force One to Hanoi,Vietnam,for a state visit.There,he met with Nguyen Phu Trong,general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam(CPV)Central Committee,and other senior state leaders to exchange views on how to deepen cooperation between the two countries.
文摘Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Vietnam from December 12 to 13,2023.During the two-day visit,China and Vietnam issued a joint statement on continuing to deepen and elevate their comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership and building a community with a shared future that carries strategic significance.The two sides also signed more than 30 agreements on bilateral cooperation.These developments injected strong momentum into China-Vietnam relations and elevated bilateral ties to a new height.
文摘Research on selection of superior breeding infraspecies Gyrinops versteegii （Gilg） Domke aims to select an infraspecies of G. versteegii having internal factors that affect the quality and quantity of production aromatic resin or agarwood. The internal factors are variations in wood anatomy, phytochemicals and agarwood of infraspecies G. versteegii. Of five local populations taken from West Lombok Island in Indonesia, the research areas are geographically located at coordinates： 8°15′-8°40′ South Latitude and 116°00′-116°20′East Longitude. Quality and quantity of agarwood production is influenced by internal factors of eaglewood trees, such as high starch production and the size of the cells making up the larger wood tissue. Infraspecies G. versteegii that have quality and quantity production of aromatic resin （the best agarwood） is Beringin group and the highest quantity of agarwood production （agarwood formation on the whole organ） is Soyun group.
文摘We studied human perceptions on the management of bamboo-tree gardens in two villages with contrasting agroecological conditions in the upper Citarum basin. We undertook interviews to reveal perceptions on the tenure, function, and management strategies of multi-layered agroforest. Owners in a village located lower in the basin perceived the gardens more positively than those in an upland village, where market pressures were felt more keenly and for a longer period. There was not always a direct correlation between perceptions and behavior with respect to bamboo-tree garden management. However, we concluded that an understanding of human perceptions could provide valuable insight to the process of formulating strategies that might be effective in minimizing the conversion of bamboo-tree gardens to more intensive and less ecologically diverse agricultural systems. Specifically, since the villagers retained a strong cultural perception of the heritage value of the bamboo-tree gardens, they would likely be responsive to conservation efforts that increased the economic value of the gardens and reduced the opportunity cost of not converting them to production that is more intensive or other land uses.
文摘ASEAN economies enjoyed stable growth in 2018,with most maintaining moderate growth.With increasing economic power and rising international status,the region was one of the most dynamic corners of the global economy last year.In recent years,ASEAN economies have achieved tangible progress in accelerating industrial restructuring,improving the business environment and enhancing international competitiveness.
文摘As the COVID-19 pandemic spread at alarming speed,the economic activities in ASEAN member states were disrupted when governments implemented tough containment measures.Since the situation was gradually brought under control in May,these countries have launched work on rebooting the economy and digging a way out of the epidemic.Considering the grim picture,most governments of ASEAN countries revised their economic projections for 2020.Indonesia trimmed its gross domestic product(GDP)annual growth forecast from an estimated 5.3 percent to 0.4 to 2.3 percent,a speed not seen since 1999.
基金supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) 21255007
文摘The surface water samples were collected in river Dahe and its tributaries, which flow into severely eutrophic lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China, in order to elucidate factors controlling water quality fluctuations. The temporal and spatial distribution of water quality tendency was observed. The water quality of each river is dependent on the hydrology effect such water gate and circulating irrigation system. We must consider the hydrology effect to accurately understand water quality variations of river in this study field. In river without highly circulating irrigation system or water gate effect, the downstream nitrate nitrogen （NO3-N） concentration increase occurred in area dominated by open field cultivation, whereas the NO3-N concentration was constant or decreased in area dominated by greenhouse land use. This result suggests that greenhouse covers the soil from precipitation, and nitrate load of greenhouse could be less than that of open field cultivation while the rainfall event. In the upper reaches of river, where is dominated by open field cultivation, there were no sharp increase dissolved molybdate reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus concentration, but P load was accumulated in the lower reaches of river, whose predominant land use is greenhouse. Although the P sources is unclear in this study, greenhouse area may have potential of P loads due to its high P content in greenhouse soil. Considering hydrology effect is necessary to determine what the major factor is influencing the water quality variation, especially in area with highly complicated irrigation system in this studying site.
