目的描述西藏自治区某医院体检人群乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染状况,分析HBV基因型分布特征和S区氨基酸变异特点。方法选择2022年5月—2023年7月在西藏自治区某医院的健康体检人群作为研究对象,采用随机抽样方法对体检人...目的描述西藏自治区某医院体检人群乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染状况,分析HBV基因型分布特征和S区氨基酸变异特点。方法选择2022年5月—2023年7月在西藏自治区某医院的健康体检人群作为研究对象,采用随机抽样方法对体检人群进行问卷调查和血清学检测。根据乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)血清标志物检测结果,对乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙型肝炎e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)、乙型肝炎核心抗体(hepatitis B core antibody,抗-HBc)阳性样本进行S区基因扩增及氨基酸变异分析。结果共纳入3970名研究对象,乙肝血清标志物检测结果显示,HBsAg、乙型肝炎表面抗体(antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen,抗-HBs)和抗-HBc共检出8种血清标志物组合模式。HBV感染率和单项抗-HBc阳性率在不同年龄、性别、职业、婚姻状况和地区之间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。48例样本扩增出S区序列,分型结果显示D型39例、C型8例和B型1例,其中13例在S区的主要亲水区(major hydrophilic region,MHR)发生氨基酸突变。结论西藏自治区为乙肝高流行地区,HBV基因型主要是D型,HBV S区的MHR氨基酸序列存在多个位点的变异,需积极开展成人的乙型肝炎疫苗防疫措施。展开更多
随着精准医学和人工智能的迅速发展,对心脏相关疾病的研究也日益深入,关于心脏的评估已从早期的解剖结构检查逐渐转向心肌功能和活性的评价。长期生活在高海拔地区低氧环境下易导致心肌损伤,严重情况甚至可引发高原性心脏病(high altitu...随着精准医学和人工智能的迅速发展,对心脏相关疾病的研究也日益深入,关于心脏的评估已从早期的解剖结构检查逐渐转向心肌功能和活性的评价。长期生活在高海拔地区低氧环境下易导致心肌损伤,严重情况甚至可引发高原性心脏病(high altitude heart disease, HAHD)。早期心肌损伤目前比较难以诊断,且预后较差,因此及时进行诊断和治疗对高海拔地区居民的健康至关重要。心脏磁共振成像(cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, CMR)能敏感地检测出高海拔地区心肌早期结构和功能的变化,可为临床提供早期诊断和治疗的科学依据,同时在心脏相关疾病疗效监测、用药指导和预后判断等方面发挥着重要作用。本研究对高海拔地区心脏早期损伤的临床特点、损伤机制、心脏磁共振评价方法以及临床意义进行综述。Research on heart-related disorders has become more thorough as precision medicine and artificial intelligence have advanced quickly. Assessment of myocardial function and activity has gradually replaced early anatomical structure testing in the evaluation of the heart. Living in low oxygen settings for an extended period of time at high altitudes can easily cause cardiac damage. In extreme circumstances, it may result high altitude heart disease (HAHD). For the health of people living in high-altitude regions, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential because early myocardial damage is currently difficult to diagnose and has a bad prognosis. In high-altitude environments, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) can accurately identify early alterations in the structure and function of the heart, offering a scientific foundation for prompt diagnosis and treatment in clinical settings. It is also crucial for prognosis prediction, drug guidance, and evaluating the effectiveness of heart-related conditions. The clinical features, mechanisms of injury, techniques for evaluating cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical importance of early heart injury in high-altitude regions are reviewed in this paper.展开更多
文摘目的描述西藏自治区某医院体检人群乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染状况,分析HBV基因型分布特征和S区氨基酸变异特点。方法选择2022年5月—2023年7月在西藏自治区某医院的健康体检人群作为研究对象,采用随机抽样方法对体检人群进行问卷调查和血清学检测。根据乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)血清标志物检测结果,对乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙型肝炎e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)、乙型肝炎核心抗体(hepatitis B core antibody,抗-HBc)阳性样本进行S区基因扩增及氨基酸变异分析。结果共纳入3970名研究对象,乙肝血清标志物检测结果显示,HBsAg、乙型肝炎表面抗体(antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen,抗-HBs)和抗-HBc共检出8种血清标志物组合模式。HBV感染率和单项抗-HBc阳性率在不同年龄、性别、职业、婚姻状况和地区之间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。48例样本扩增出S区序列,分型结果显示D型39例、C型8例和B型1例,其中13例在S区的主要亲水区(major hydrophilic region,MHR)发生氨基酸突变。结论西藏自治区为乙肝高流行地区,HBV基因型主要是D型,HBV S区的MHR氨基酸序列存在多个位点的变异,需积极开展成人的乙型肝炎疫苗防疫措施。
文摘随着精准医学和人工智能的迅速发展,对心脏相关疾病的研究也日益深入,关于心脏的评估已从早期的解剖结构检查逐渐转向心肌功能和活性的评价。长期生活在高海拔地区低氧环境下易导致心肌损伤,严重情况甚至可引发高原性心脏病(high altitude heart disease, HAHD)。早期心肌损伤目前比较难以诊断,且预后较差,因此及时进行诊断和治疗对高海拔地区居民的健康至关重要。心脏磁共振成像(cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, CMR)能敏感地检测出高海拔地区心肌早期结构和功能的变化,可为临床提供早期诊断和治疗的科学依据,同时在心脏相关疾病疗效监测、用药指导和预后判断等方面发挥着重要作用。本研究对高海拔地区心脏早期损伤的临床特点、损伤机制、心脏磁共振评价方法以及临床意义进行综述。Research on heart-related disorders has become more thorough as precision medicine and artificial intelligence have advanced quickly. Assessment of myocardial function and activity has gradually replaced early anatomical structure testing in the evaluation of the heart. Living in low oxygen settings for an extended period of time at high altitudes can easily cause cardiac damage. In extreme circumstances, it may result high altitude heart disease (HAHD). For the health of people living in high-altitude regions, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential because early myocardial damage is currently difficult to diagnose and has a bad prognosis. In high-altitude environments, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) can accurately identify early alterations in the structure and function of the heart, offering a scientific foundation for prompt diagnosis and treatment in clinical settings. It is also crucial for prognosis prediction, drug guidance, and evaluating the effectiveness of heart-related conditions. The clinical features, mechanisms of injury, techniques for evaluating cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical importance of early heart injury in high-altitude regions are reviewed in this paper.
