Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The re...Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The research considers the hypothesis that stressful professions, such as train driver, influence the body’s immune system through the long-time and high-pressure working, and change production of neuro-immune factors. Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), several neuro-immune factors were assayed among train drivers (N = 82) and health blood donors (N = 80) enrolled in the Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Control. The concentrations of angiotensin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were performed for overall comparison between groups and for pairwise comparison, respectively. Statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. The profession of train driving was not associated with significant increases or decreases in the systemic levels of inflammatory (CRP, IL-8, and TNF-α), but it was associated with the high expression of angiotensin in vivo. These findings suggest that the job of train driving may not be associated with significant alterations in systemic immune condition, but arouse the level of angiotensin.展开更多
In Australia,and around the world,there is a continuous debate about the ways of delivering a message,instruction,or feedback effectively to improve students’learning and performance.Contemporary cognitive skills tra...In Australia,and around the world,there is a continuous debate about the ways of delivering a message,instruction,or feedback effectively to improve students’learning and performance.Contemporary cognitive skills training approaches have emerged as a result of further development of effective cognitive skills training in different contexts,such as education,aviation,and driving.One of the effective cognitive-based training is feedback.Feedback is an important component in learning,including the development of safe driving for novice drivers.Research shows that feedback can reduce the number of speeding occurrences,and the likelihood of speeding-related incidents and accidents,but it is not clear how to provide effective feedback to young learners.This paper reviews the literature and examines various aspects of feedback as a training intervention for young drivers and provides recommendation for effective use for young learners.The results explored the characteristics of feedback including multiple dimensions:content,source,medium of delivery,timing and frequency.Importantly,its effectiveness in improving an individual performance depends on effective utilization of these characteristics.The results showed that the most effective type of feedback(considering all feedback characteristics)in improving young novice drivers’performance in terms of speed compliance is feedback about performance,financial and safety implications(content),provided verbally and graphically(medium in which provided),by an instructor(researcher;source),immediately after the drive(time),once or twice(frequency).These results have important implications for the development of new training approaches to improving young drivers’speed management behaviour.展开更多
运用维也纳测试系统(Vienna test system,VTS)对354名地铁司机的认知能力进行测评,通过K-means聚类算法对VTS数据进行无监督学习建模,得到司机认知能力分类模型。以Recall值最大为目标函数,对认知能力分类模型进行XGBoost训练和优化,采...运用维也纳测试系统(Vienna test system,VTS)对354名地铁司机的认知能力进行测评,通过K-means聚类算法对VTS数据进行无监督学习建模,得到司机认知能力分类模型。以Recall值最大为目标函数,对认知能力分类模型进行XGBoost训练和优化,采用SHAP算法对模型中各项认知能力特征指标的重要度进行分析,识别出平均反应时间、正确总数和视野范围三项关键因素以及它们之间的交互作用。研究结果用于认知与应急能力领域,可为地铁司机的遴选、在岗测评和培训提供一种更精确的工具。展开更多
在高速铁路现有列车运行控制系统设备配置条件下,司机驾驶列车存在工作强度高、控车决策难度大、受操作经验不足导致列车运行能耗高等问题,人工驾驶难以满足高速铁路更高运营品质的需求。文章基于列车控制与管理系统(TCMS,Train Control...在高速铁路现有列车运行控制系统设备配置条件下,司机驾驶列车存在工作强度高、控车决策难度大、受操作经验不足导致列车运行能耗高等问题,人工驾驶难以满足高速铁路更高运营品质的需求。文章基于列车控制与管理系统(TCMS,Train Control and Management System)技术平台,研究开发了高速列车辅助驾驶系统,可自动采集与列车运行控制相关的信息,以安全、准点、节能为目标,建立列车运行控制与能耗优化模型,能够动态生成适合不同运行场景的最优目标速度规划曲线,可为司机提供最优驾驶指导,降低司机控车难度,有利于提升驾驶安全性和节能性;基于TCMS恒速控制功能,还实现了区间巡航功能,丰富了高速列车运行控制自动化模式,可极大地减轻司机工作负担,并保证列车启动、停止的精准度。该系统接受TCMS的管理和控制,可实现故障导向安全,保障其安全性和可维护性。通过实车试验,初步验证该系统生成的列车最优驾驶指导的有效性和较好的节能效果。展开更多
文摘Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The research considers the hypothesis that stressful professions, such as train driver, influence the body’s immune system through the long-time and high-pressure working, and change production of neuro-immune factors. Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), several neuro-immune factors were assayed among train drivers (N = 82) and health blood donors (N = 80) enrolled in the Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Control. The concentrations of angiotensin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were performed for overall comparison between groups and for pairwise comparison, respectively. Statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. The profession of train driving was not associated with significant increases or decreases in the systemic levels of inflammatory (CRP, IL-8, and TNF-α), but it was associated with the high expression of angiotensin in vivo. These findings suggest that the job of train driving may not be associated with significant alterations in systemic immune condition, but arouse the level of angiotensin.
文摘In Australia,and around the world,there is a continuous debate about the ways of delivering a message,instruction,or feedback effectively to improve students’learning and performance.Contemporary cognitive skills training approaches have emerged as a result of further development of effective cognitive skills training in different contexts,such as education,aviation,and driving.One of the effective cognitive-based training is feedback.Feedback is an important component in learning,including the development of safe driving for novice drivers.Research shows that feedback can reduce the number of speeding occurrences,and the likelihood of speeding-related incidents and accidents,but it is not clear how to provide effective feedback to young learners.This paper reviews the literature and examines various aspects of feedback as a training intervention for young drivers and provides recommendation for effective use for young learners.The results explored the characteristics of feedback including multiple dimensions:content,source,medium of delivery,timing and frequency.Importantly,its effectiveness in improving an individual performance depends on effective utilization of these characteristics.The results showed that the most effective type of feedback(considering all feedback characteristics)in improving young novice drivers’performance in terms of speed compliance is feedback about performance,financial and safety implications(content),provided verbally and graphically(medium in which provided),by an instructor(researcher;source),immediately after the drive(time),once or twice(frequency).These results have important implications for the development of new training approaches to improving young drivers’speed management behaviour.
文摘运用维也纳测试系统(Vienna test system,VTS)对354名地铁司机的认知能力进行测评,通过K-means聚类算法对VTS数据进行无监督学习建模,得到司机认知能力分类模型。以Recall值最大为目标函数,对认知能力分类模型进行XGBoost训练和优化,采用SHAP算法对模型中各项认知能力特征指标的重要度进行分析,识别出平均反应时间、正确总数和视野范围三项关键因素以及它们之间的交互作用。研究结果用于认知与应急能力领域,可为地铁司机的遴选、在岗测评和培训提供一种更精确的工具。
文摘在高速铁路现有列车运行控制系统设备配置条件下,司机驾驶列车存在工作强度高、控车决策难度大、受操作经验不足导致列车运行能耗高等问题,人工驾驶难以满足高速铁路更高运营品质的需求。文章基于列车控制与管理系统(TCMS,Train Control and Management System)技术平台,研究开发了高速列车辅助驾驶系统,可自动采集与列车运行控制相关的信息,以安全、准点、节能为目标,建立列车运行控制与能耗优化模型,能够动态生成适合不同运行场景的最优目标速度规划曲线,可为司机提供最优驾驶指导,降低司机控车难度,有利于提升驾驶安全性和节能性;基于TCMS恒速控制功能,还实现了区间巡航功能,丰富了高速列车运行控制自动化模式,可极大地减轻司机工作负担,并保证列车启动、停止的精准度。该系统接受TCMS的管理和控制,可实现故障导向安全,保障其安全性和可维护性。通过实车试验,初步验证该系统生成的列车最优驾驶指导的有效性和较好的节能效果。
