The pepsin and trypsin activities and some of the properties of the two enzymes of southern sheatfish larvae were studied. The results were as follows: the highest level of trypsin activity is in the foregut in all...The pepsin and trypsin activities and some of the properties of the two enzymes of southern sheatfish larvae were studied. The results were as follows: the highest level of trypsin activity is in the foregut in all measured tissues; from foregut to hindgut, trypsin activities decrease; the pH optimum of trypsin activity is pH9.0; the strongest pepsin activity is in the stomach; the proper density of haemoglobin for detecting pepsin activity is 1.0%. These data are useful in solving applied nutritional problems, such as the adequacy of artificial food to the digestive abilities of the fish.展开更多
Xanthophyll has multiple physiological functions to improve the quality of farmed animals.The present study aimed to investigate the effects of xanthophyll on the growth performance,antioxidation,immunity,pigmentation...Xanthophyll has multiple physiological functions to improve the quality of farmed animals.The present study aimed to investigate the effects of xanthophyll on the growth performance,antioxidation,immunity,pigmentation and meat quality of southern catfish(Silurus soldatovi meridionalis Chen).Juvenile southern catfish(18.35±0.04 g)were randomly allocated into 24 cages(30 juveniles per cage),and fed diets with different dietary xanthophyll levels(at 14,42,80,108,126 and 152 mg/kg,dry matter of diet)twice daily for 8 weeks.Results indicated that the diet with 80 mg/kg xanthophyll induced a higher specific growth rate(SGR),feed efficiency ratio and protein productive value.Moreover,the 80 mg/kg xanthophyll diet also increased complement 3,immunoglobulin M(IgM)and lysozyme content more than the other groups.The mRNA expression level of inflammation-related genes and antioxidant enzyme activities further confirmed the effects of 80 mg/kg dietary xanthophyll on improving immune response.The present study also found that the 126 mg/kg xanthophyll diet significantly enhanced the content of total carotenoids and xanthophyll,hydroxyproline,collagen and amino acid in muscle.The diet with 126 mg/kg xanthophylls also induced lower drip loss,thawing loss,centrifugal loss,cooking loss and higher muscle adhesiveness,cohesiveness,springiness,gumminess and chewiness than the other treatments.In conclusion,quadratic regression model analysis based on SGR and IgM revealed that the optimum xanthophyll level in the diet was 86.78 and 84.63 mg/kg,respectively.Moreover,broken line regression analysis based on xanthophyll content in dorsal skin and chewiness in muscle demonstrated that the optimal xanthophyll level was between 89.73 and 108.66 mg/kg in the diet of southern catfish(S.soldatovi meridionalis Chen).展开更多
主要探索不同饲料组成对鱼体组成的影响。将360尾南方鲇（Silurus meridionalis Chen）幼鱼随机分成24组，饲养于24个水泥池中；共设计了21种饲料；实验持续了40d。结果表明：（1）不同营养素水平，对鱼体中的蛋白质沉积无明显影响；肌...主要探索不同饲料组成对鱼体组成的影响。将360尾南方鲇（Silurus meridionalis Chen）幼鱼随机分成24组，饲养于24个水泥池中；共设计了21种饲料；实验持续了40d。结果表明：（1）不同营养素水平，对鱼体中的蛋白质沉积无明显影响；肌肉中脂肪水平随着饲料中脂肪和碳水化合物（CBH）水平的增加而增加；CBH含量为33％时，肌肉中的CBH的沉积量显著高于其他几个组（P〈0．05）；（2）脏体比和肠脂比随着饲料中脂肪水平升高而升高，脂肪水平9％～15％，肝脏中沉积的脂肪含量随着饲料中脂肪含量的增加而增加，添加CBH含量为33％的饲料时，肝脏中糖原的沉积含量显著的高于其他几个CBH含量的组（P〈0．05）。展开更多
以南方鲇Silurus meridionalis Chen初孵仔鱼、10日龄仔鱼为对象,采用水体染毒法进行急性镉暴露实验,研究了南方鲇仔鱼对镉暴露的耐受程度.初孵仔鱼实验设置一个对照组和5个镉处理组(0.04 mg/L,0.08 mg/L,0.16mg/L,0.32mg/L,0.64mg/L);1...以南方鲇Silurus meridionalis Chen初孵仔鱼、10日龄仔鱼为对象,采用水体染毒法进行急性镉暴露实验,研究了南方鲇仔鱼对镉暴露的耐受程度.初孵仔鱼实验设置一个对照组和5个镉处理组(0.04 mg/L,0.08 mg/L,0.16mg/L,0.32mg/L,0.64mg/L);10日龄仔鱼实验设置一个对照组和5个镉处理组(0.075mg/L,0.15mg/L,0.3mg/L,0.6mg/L,1.2mg/L).结果表明:随镉暴露质量浓度升高,初孵仔鱼存活率在暴露24h各组间差异不具有统计学意义(p>0.05);暴露48h存活率仅在0.64mg/L组显著低于其余各组(p<0.05);暴露72h,96h存活率在0.16mg/L,0.32mg/L和0.64mg/L组显著低于其余各组(p<0.05).初孵仔鱼96hLC50为0.104mg/L,10日龄仔鱼96hLC50为0.039mg/L.镉暴露对10日龄仔鱼存活率的影响呈剂量依赖效应和时间依赖效应.与文献报道的多数鱼类相比,南方鲇仔鱼对镉暴露相对较敏感;而10日龄仔鱼对镉暴露的敏感程度高于初孵仔鱼.10日龄可能是南方鲇仔鱼发育受水体镉污染影响的瓶颈期,因此南方鲇生境水质保护工作应重点考虑到10日龄仔鱼的发育.展开更多
采用水体染毒法研究了南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis Chen)幼鱼Cd暴露0、7、14d时肝脏中总抗氧化能力(TAOC)、金属硫蛋白(MT)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化以及血液中血红蛋白(Hb)含量、脑中胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性的变化。实验设置1个对照组...采用水体染毒法研究了南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis Chen)幼鱼Cd暴露0、7、14d时肝脏中总抗氧化能力(TAOC)、金属硫蛋白(MT)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化以及血液中血红蛋白(Hb)含量、脑中胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性的变化。实验设置1个对照组和4个不同Cd含量(0.015、0.06、0.24、0.96 mg·L-1)的处理组。结果显示,Hb含量和AChE活性先显著性降低(p<0.05)然后恢复到正常水平;T-AOC水平和MT含量的变化为随Cd含量升高和暴露时间延长而显著性升高和增加(p<0.05);MDA含量在暴露14d时显著性降低(p<0.05)。研究提示,AChE活性和Hb含量先受到Cd暴露影响,而南方鲇通过肝脏增加合成MT、提高T-AOC水平来对抗Cd的毒害;较长时间的Cd暴露使肝脏MDA含量降低,同时合成MT的能力和T-AOC水平明显升高,表现出"毒物兴奋效应";南方鲇可通过调节体内生理功能使之应对环境中一定范围的Cd污染胁迫。展开更多
文摘The pepsin and trypsin activities and some of the properties of the two enzymes of southern sheatfish larvae were studied. The results were as follows: the highest level of trypsin activity is in the foregut in all measured tissues; from foregut to hindgut, trypsin activities decrease; the pH optimum of trypsin activity is pH9.0; the strongest pepsin activity is in the stomach; the proper density of haemoglobin for detecting pepsin activity is 1.0%. These data are useful in solving applied nutritional problems, such as the adequacy of artificial food to the digestive abilities of the fish.
基金supported by the Foundation and Applied Basic Research Fund Project of Guangdong Province(2019A1515110606)Innovation Group Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai).
文摘Xanthophyll has multiple physiological functions to improve the quality of farmed animals.The present study aimed to investigate the effects of xanthophyll on the growth performance,antioxidation,immunity,pigmentation and meat quality of southern catfish(Silurus soldatovi meridionalis Chen).Juvenile southern catfish(18.35±0.04 g)were randomly allocated into 24 cages(30 juveniles per cage),and fed diets with different dietary xanthophyll levels(at 14,42,80,108,126 and 152 mg/kg,dry matter of diet)twice daily for 8 weeks.Results indicated that the diet with 80 mg/kg xanthophyll induced a higher specific growth rate(SGR),feed efficiency ratio and protein productive value.Moreover,the 80 mg/kg xanthophyll diet also increased complement 3,immunoglobulin M(IgM)and lysozyme content more than the other groups.The mRNA expression level of inflammation-related genes and antioxidant enzyme activities further confirmed the effects of 80 mg/kg dietary xanthophyll on improving immune response.The present study also found that the 126 mg/kg xanthophyll diet significantly enhanced the content of total carotenoids and xanthophyll,hydroxyproline,collagen and amino acid in muscle.The diet with 126 mg/kg xanthophylls also induced lower drip loss,thawing loss,centrifugal loss,cooking loss and higher muscle adhesiveness,cohesiveness,springiness,gumminess and chewiness than the other treatments.In conclusion,quadratic regression model analysis based on SGR and IgM revealed that the optimum xanthophyll level in the diet was 86.78 and 84.63 mg/kg,respectively.Moreover,broken line regression analysis based on xanthophyll content in dorsal skin and chewiness in muscle demonstrated that the optimal xanthophyll level was between 89.73 and 108.66 mg/kg in the diet of southern catfish(S.soldatovi meridionalis Chen).
文摘主要探索不同饲料组成对鱼体组成的影响。将360尾南方鲇（Silurus meridionalis Chen）幼鱼随机分成24组，饲养于24个水泥池中；共设计了21种饲料；实验持续了40d。结果表明：（1）不同营养素水平，对鱼体中的蛋白质沉积无明显影响；肌肉中脂肪水平随着饲料中脂肪和碳水化合物（CBH）水平的增加而增加；CBH含量为33％时，肌肉中的CBH的沉积量显著高于其他几个组（P〈0．05）；（2）脏体比和肠脂比随着饲料中脂肪水平升高而升高，脂肪水平9％～15％，肝脏中沉积的脂肪含量随着饲料中脂肪含量的增加而增加，添加CBH含量为33％的饲料时，肝脏中糖原的沉积含量显著的高于其他几个CBH含量的组（P〈0．05）。
文摘以南方鲇Silurus meridionalis Chen初孵仔鱼、10日龄仔鱼为对象,采用水体染毒法进行急性镉暴露实验,研究了南方鲇仔鱼对镉暴露的耐受程度.初孵仔鱼实验设置一个对照组和5个镉处理组(0.04 mg/L,0.08 mg/L,0.16mg/L,0.32mg/L,0.64mg/L);10日龄仔鱼实验设置一个对照组和5个镉处理组(0.075mg/L,0.15mg/L,0.3mg/L,0.6mg/L,1.2mg/L).结果表明:随镉暴露质量浓度升高,初孵仔鱼存活率在暴露24h各组间差异不具有统计学意义(p>0.05);暴露48h存活率仅在0.64mg/L组显著低于其余各组(p<0.05);暴露72h,96h存活率在0.16mg/L,0.32mg/L和0.64mg/L组显著低于其余各组(p<0.05).初孵仔鱼96hLC50为0.104mg/L,10日龄仔鱼96hLC50为0.039mg/L.镉暴露对10日龄仔鱼存活率的影响呈剂量依赖效应和时间依赖效应.与文献报道的多数鱼类相比,南方鲇仔鱼对镉暴露相对较敏感;而10日龄仔鱼对镉暴露的敏感程度高于初孵仔鱼.10日龄可能是南方鲇仔鱼发育受水体镉污染影响的瓶颈期,因此南方鲇生境水质保护工作应重点考虑到10日龄仔鱼的发育.
文摘采用水体染毒法研究了南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis Chen)幼鱼Cd暴露0、7、14d时肝脏中总抗氧化能力(TAOC)、金属硫蛋白(MT)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化以及血液中血红蛋白(Hb)含量、脑中胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性的变化。实验设置1个对照组和4个不同Cd含量(0.015、0.06、0.24、0.96 mg·L-1)的处理组。结果显示,Hb含量和AChE活性先显著性降低(p<0.05)然后恢复到正常水平;T-AOC水平和MT含量的变化为随Cd含量升高和暴露时间延长而显著性升高和增加(p<0.05);MDA含量在暴露14d时显著性降低(p<0.05)。研究提示,AChE活性和Hb含量先受到Cd暴露影响,而南方鲇通过肝脏增加合成MT、提高T-AOC水平来对抗Cd的毒害;较长时间的Cd暴露使肝脏MDA含量降低,同时合成MT的能力和T-AOC水平明显升高,表现出"毒物兴奋效应";南方鲇可通过调节体内生理功能使之应对环境中一定范围的Cd污染胁迫。
