Polymer photovoltaic devices based on poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） ： [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyricacid methyl ester （PCBM） 1：1 weight-ratio blend are reported. The effects of various annealing treatments on the de...Polymer photovoltaic devices based on poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） ： [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyricacid methyl ester （PCBM） 1：1 weight-ratio blend are reported. The effects of various annealing treatments on the device performance are investigated. Thermal annealing shows significant improvement of the device performances. For devices at 130℃ annealing, maximum power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 3.3% and All factor up to 60.3% is achieved under air mass 1.5, 100 m W/cm^2 illumination. We discuss the effect of thermal annealing by the results of ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy （UV-vis）, dark current-voltage curve, atomic force microscopy （AFM）.展开更多
This work explores the use of poly（3- hexylthiophene） （P3HT） modified carbon nanotubes （CNTs@P3HT） for the cathodes of hole transporter free, mesoscopic perovskite （CH3NH3PbI3） solar cells （PSCs）, simultaneo...This work explores the use of poly（3- hexylthiophene） （P3HT） modified carbon nanotubes （CNTs@P3HT） for the cathodes of hole transporter free, mesoscopic perovskite （CH3NH3PbI3） solar cells （PSCs）, simultaneously achieving high-performance, high stability and low-cost PSCs. Here the thin P3HT modifier acts as an electron blocker to inhibit electron transfer into CNTs and a hydrophobic polymer binder to tightly cross-link the CNTs together to compact the carbon electrode film and greatly stabilize the solar cell. On the other hand, the presence of CNTs greatly improve the conductivity of P3HT. By optimizing the concentration of the P3HT modifier （2 mg/mL）, we have improved the power conversion efficiencies （PCEs） of CNTs@P3HT based PSCs up to 13.43% with an average efficiency of 12.54%, which is much higher than the pure CNTs based PSCs （best PCE 10.59%） and the sandwich-type P3HT/CNTs based PSCs （best PCE 9.50%）. In addition, the hysteresis of the CNTs@P3HT based PSCs is remarkably reduced due to the intimate interface between the perovskite and CNTs@P3HT electrodes. Degradation of the CNTs@ P3HT based PSCs is also strongly retarded as compared to cells employing the pure CNTs electrode when exposed to the ambient condition of 20%- 40% humidity.展开更多
Effect of the device fabrication conditions on photovoltaic performance of the polymer solar cells based on poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） as donor and indene-C70 bisadduct （IC70BA） as acceptor was studied system...Effect of the device fabrication conditions on photovoltaic performance of the polymer solar cells based on poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） as donor and indene-C70 bisadduct （IC70BA） as acceptor was studied systematically. The device fabrication conditions we studied include pre-thermal annealing temperature, active layer thickness, and the P3HT ： IC70BA weight ratios. For devices with a 188-nm-thick active layer of P3HT ： ICToBA （1 ： 1, w ＇ w） blend film and pre-thermal annealing at 150 ℃C for 10 rain, maximum power conversion efficiency （PCE） reached 5.82% with Voc of 0.81 V, Isc of 11.37 mA/cm2, and FF of 64.0% under the illumination of AM1.5G, 100 mW/cm2.展开更多
In order to enhance the performance of regioregular poly（3-hexylthiophene） （RR-P3HT） field-effect transistors （FETs）, RR-P3HT FETs are prepared by the spin-coating method followed by vacuum placement and anneali...In order to enhance the performance of regioregular poly（3-hexylthiophene） （RR-P3HT） field-effect transistors （FETs）, RR-P3HT FETs are prepared by the spin-coating method followed by vacuum placement and annealing. This paper reports that the crystal structure, the molecule interconnection, the surface morphology, and the charge carrier mobility of RR-P3HT films are affected by vacuum relaxation and annealing. The results reveal that the field-effect mobility of RR-P3HT FETs can reach 4.17×10^-2m^2/（V·s） by vacuum relaxation at room temperature due to an enhanced local self-organization. Furthermore, it reports that an appropriate annealing temperature can facilitate the crystal structure, the orientation and the interconnection of polymer molecules. These results show that the field-effect mobility of device annealed at 150 ℃ for 10 minutes in vacuum at atmosphere and followed by placement for 20 hours in vacuum at room temperature is enhanced dramatically to 9.00×10^-2m^2/（V·s）.展开更多
This paper investigates the effects of concentration on the crystalline structure, the morphology, and the charge carrier mobility of regioregular poly（3-hexylthiophene） （RR-P3HT） field-effect transistors （FETs）...This paper investigates the effects of concentration on the crystalline structure, the morphology, and the charge carrier mobility of regioregular poly（3-hexylthiophene） （RR-P3HT） field-effect transistors （FETs）. The RR-P3HT FETs with RR-P3HT as an active layer with different concentrations of RR-P3HT solution from 0.5 wt% to 2 wt% are prepared. The results indicate that the performance of RR-P3HT FETs improves drastically with the increase of RR-P3HT weight percentages in chloroform solution due to the formation of more microcrystalline lamellae and bigger nanoscale islands. It finds that the field-effect mobility of RR-P3HT FET with 2 wt% can reach 5.78×10^-3 cm^2/Vs which is higher by a factor of 13 than that with 0.5 wt%. Further, an appropriate thermal annealing is adopted to improve the performance of RR-P3HT FETs. The field-effect mobility of RR-P3HT FETs increases drastically to 0.09 cm^2/Vs by thermal annealing at 150 ℃, and the value of on/off current ratio can reach 104.展开更多
A series of model polymerization are carried out via the one-pot externally initiated Kumada catalyst-transfer polycondensation （KCTP） of 2-bromo-5-chloromagne- slum thiophene monomers, and the excess amount of init...A series of model polymerization are carried out via the one-pot externally initiated Kumada catalyst-transfer polycondensation （KCTP） of 2-bromo-5-chloromagne- slum thiophene monomers, and the excess amount of initiators or catalysts are found no need to be isolated during the polycondensation process. Especially, the impacts of the nickel catalyst loading variation on regioregularity （rr）, yield, molecular weight （Mn）, polydispersity （PDI） and initiation efficiency of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） are systematically investigated. The IH NMR, size-exclusion chromatography （SEC）, and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy results indicated that an excess amount of catalyst does not influence yield, rr, Mn, and PDI of P3HT, nor the initiation efficiency. However, the PDI of the product is broad, and the Mn and rr values decreased in the absence of 1,3-bis （diphenylphosphino）propane （dppp）. It can be concluded that the in-situ KCTP polymerization of P3HT is a practical and effective process. These results are especially valuable for the synthesis of all-conjugated block copolymers where macroinitiators are used.展开更多
The biodegradable polymer demonstrates significant potential for addressing the critical environmental challenges associated with oil spills;however, the cellular film structure and hydrophobic characteristics of the ...The biodegradable polymer demonstrates significant potential for addressing the critical environmental challenges associated with oil spills;however, the cellular film structure and hydrophobic characteristics of the polymer restrict their efficacy. In this study, a biodegradable thin membrane composed of a blend of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL) was fabricated utilizing the electrospinning technique. The membrane exhibited an adsorption capacity for cooking oil of 10.8 g/g, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the anticipated chemical structures, revealing no evidence of chemical interactions between PHBV and PCL. This research presents an environmentally friendly and straightforward approach for fabricating biodegradable membrane structure with exceptional oil-water separation capabilities.展开更多
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-lactate)[P(3HB-co-LA)]is a highly promising valuable biodegradable material with good biocompatibility and degradability.Vibrio natriegens,owing to its fast-growth,wide substrate spectrum cha...Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-lactate)[P(3HB-co-LA)]is a highly promising valuable biodegradable material with good biocompatibility and degradability.Vibrio natriegens,owing to its fast-growth,wide substrate spectrum characteristics,was selected to produce P(3HB-co-LA).Herein,the crucial role of acetyltransferase PN96-18060 for PHB synthesis in V.natriegens was identified.Heterologous pathway of P(3HB-co-LA)was introduced into V.natriegens successfully,in addition,overexpression of the dldh gene led to 1.84 fold enhancement of the lactate content in P(3HB-co-LA).Finally,the production of P(3HB-co-LA)was characterized under different carbon sources.The lactate fraction in P(3HB-co-LA)was increased to 28.3 mol%by the modification,about 1.84 times of that of the control.This is the first successful case of producing the P(3HB-co-LA)in V.natriegens.Collectively,this study showed that V.natriegens is an attractive host organism for producing P(3HB-co-LA)and has great potential to produce other co-polymers.展开更多
Poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate)[P(LA-co-3HB)]is a high-molecular-weight biomaterial with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.In this study,the properties of P(LA-co-3HB)were examined and found to be aff...Poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate)[P(LA-co-3HB)]is a high-molecular-weight biomaterial with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.In this study,the properties of P(LA-co-3HB)were examined and found to be affected by its lactate fraction.The efficiency of lactyl-CoA biosynthesis from intracellular lactate significantly affected the microbial synthesis of P(LA-co-3HB).Two CoA transferases from Anaerotignum lactatifermentans and Bacillota bacterium were selected for use in copolymer biosynthesis from 11 candidates.We found that cotAl enhanced the lactate fraction by 31.56%compared to that of the frequently used modified form of propionyl-CoA transferase from Anaerotignum propionicum.In addition,utilizing xylose as a favorable carbon source and blocking the lactate degradation pathway further enhanced the lactate fraction to 30.42 mol%and 52.84 mol%,respectively.Furthermore,when a 5 L bioreactor was used for fermentation utilizing xylose as a carbon source,the engineered strain produced 60.60 wt%P(46.40 mol%LA-co-3HB),which was similar to the results of our flask experiments.Our results indicate that the application of new CoA transferases has great potential for the biosynthesis of other lactate-based copolymers.展开更多
The present study deals with the kinetics of improved poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB)production by an L-cysteine HCl-depressed mutant of Bacillus licheniformis.Production of biodegradable polymers is to eliminate use of ...The present study deals with the kinetics of improved poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB)production by an L-cysteine HCl-depressed mutant of Bacillus licheniformis.Production of biodegradable polymers is to eliminate use of materials derived from petrochemicals and also because of their environmental impact.For the current study,mutant strain(NA-21)&wild-type(IIB-isl19)were used for PHB production.Submerged culture with two-stage fermentation technique was used for PHB production.Results indicated that PHB production was improved with 300 mM of-HNO2.The superior mutant strain(NA-21)resulted in 2-fold more PHB as compared to the wild-type(IIB-isl9).It was selected,and resistance against L-cysteine HCl was developed.At 4 ppm concentration of L-cysteine HCl,PHB production by mutant strain(NA-cys4)was higher than its wild counterpart by 5.7-fold.Kinetic study of parameters including specific growth rate(μh−1),growth(Yx/s,Ys/x),product yield coefficients(Yp/s,Yp/x),volumetric rate constants(Qp,Qs,Qx)and specific rate constants(qp,qs,qx),were also accomplished.Moreover,Yp/x,Qp and qp=μ×Yp/x were found to be very significant as 1.254±0.06(g/g biomass),0.134±0.01(g/l/h)and 0.168±0.01(g/g/h),respectively.The effect of fatty acids on PHB production highlighted the improvement in PHB production by 1.94-fold.The highest PHB production during the study was 16.35±3.12 g/l which highlighted its significance(p≤0.05)and impact on the overall process.The variation in PBH yield between wild-type and mutant B.licheniformis is possibly because of induced DNA interstrand thus making unstable thymidine-thymidine dymers.From the results,it was concluded that improved PHB production on industrial scale is fairly possible and it holds the potential to contribute significantly to plastic circularity in the future.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Programme of China under Grant No 2002CB613405, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 50573024 and 50433030, the Key Project of the Ministry of Education of China （104208）, and the Natural Science Foundation of South China University of Technology （E5040910）.
文摘Polymer photovoltaic devices based on poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） ： [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyricacid methyl ester （PCBM） 1：1 weight-ratio blend are reported. The effects of various annealing treatments on the device performance are investigated. Thermal annealing shows significant improvement of the device performances. For devices at 130℃ annealing, maximum power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 3.3% and All factor up to 60.3% is achieved under air mass 1.5, 100 m W/cm^2 illumination. We discuss the effect of thermal annealing by the results of ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy （UV-vis）, dark current-voltage curve, atomic force microscopy （AFM）.
文摘This work explores the use of poly（3- hexylthiophene） （P3HT） modified carbon nanotubes （CNTs@P3HT） for the cathodes of hole transporter free, mesoscopic perovskite （CH3NH3PbI3） solar cells （PSCs）, simultaneously achieving high-performance, high stability and low-cost PSCs. Here the thin P3HT modifier acts as an electron blocker to inhibit electron transfer into CNTs and a hydrophobic polymer binder to tightly cross-link the CNTs together to compact the carbon electrode film and greatly stabilize the solar cell. On the other hand, the presence of CNTs greatly improve the conductivity of P3HT. By optimizing the concentration of the P3HT modifier （2 mg/mL）, we have improved the power conversion efficiencies （PCEs） of CNTs@P3HT based PSCs up to 13.43% with an average efficiency of 12.54%, which is much higher than the pure CNTs based PSCs （best PCE 10.59%） and the sandwich-type P3HT/CNTs based PSCs （best PCE 9.50%）. In addition, the hysteresis of the CNTs@P3HT based PSCs is remarkably reduced due to the intimate interface between the perovskite and CNTs@P3HT electrodes. Degradation of the CNTs@ P3HT based PSCs is also strongly retarded as compared to cells employing the pure CNTs electrode when exposed to the ambient condition of 20%- 40% humidity.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 20821120293 and 50933003） and Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Effect of the device fabrication conditions on photovoltaic performance of the polymer solar cells based on poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） as donor and indene-C70 bisadduct （IC70BA） as acceptor was studied systematically. The device fabrication conditions we studied include pre-thermal annealing temperature, active layer thickness, and the P3HT ： IC70BA weight ratios. For devices with a 188-nm-thick active layer of P3HT ： ICToBA （1 ： 1, w ＇ w） blend film and pre-thermal annealing at 150 ℃C for 10 rain, maximum power conversion efficiency （PCE） reached 5.82% with Voc of 0.81 V, Isc of 11.37 mA/cm2, and FF of 64.0% under the illumination of AM1.5G, 100 mW/cm2.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10774013 and 10804006)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No 2006AA03Z0412)+4 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No 20070004024)the Research Fund for the Youth Scholars of the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No 20070004031)the Beijing NOVA program (Grant No 2007A024)the the 111 of China (Grant No B08002)the research grants from the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World
文摘In order to enhance the performance of regioregular poly（3-hexylthiophene） （RR-P3HT） field-effect transistors （FETs）, RR-P3HT FETs are prepared by the spin-coating method followed by vacuum placement and annealing. This paper reports that the crystal structure, the molecule interconnection, the surface morphology, and the charge carrier mobility of RR-P3HT films are affected by vacuum relaxation and annealing. The results reveal that the field-effect mobility of RR-P3HT FETs can reach 4.17×10^-2m^2/（V·s） by vacuum relaxation at room temperature due to an enhanced local self-organization. Furthermore, it reports that an appropriate annealing temperature can facilitate the crystal structure, the orientation and the interconnection of polymer molecules. These results show that the field-effect mobility of device annealed at 150 ℃ for 10 minutes in vacuum at atmosphere and followed by placement for 20 hours in vacuum at room temperature is enhanced dramatically to 9.00×10^-2m^2/（V·s）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10774013,10804006)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No 2006AA03Z0412)+3 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No 20070004024)The Research Fund for the Youth Scholars of the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No 20070004031)the Beijing NOVA Program (Grant No 2007A024)the 111 Project(Grant No B08002)
文摘This paper investigates the effects of concentration on the crystalline structure, the morphology, and the charge carrier mobility of regioregular poly（3-hexylthiophene） （RR-P3HT） field-effect transistors （FETs）. The RR-P3HT FETs with RR-P3HT as an active layer with different concentrations of RR-P3HT solution from 0.5 wt% to 2 wt% are prepared. The results indicate that the performance of RR-P3HT FETs improves drastically with the increase of RR-P3HT weight percentages in chloroform solution due to the formation of more microcrystalline lamellae and bigger nanoscale islands. It finds that the field-effect mobility of RR-P3HT FET with 2 wt% can reach 5.78×10^-3 cm^2/Vs which is higher by a factor of 13 than that with 0.5 wt%. Further, an appropriate thermal annealing is adopted to improve the performance of RR-P3HT FETs. The field-effect mobility of RR-P3HT FETs increases drastically to 0.09 cm^2/Vs by thermal annealing at 150 ℃, and the value of on/off current ratio can reach 104.
文摘A series of model polymerization are carried out via the one-pot externally initiated Kumada catalyst-transfer polycondensation （KCTP） of 2-bromo-5-chloromagne- slum thiophene monomers, and the excess amount of initiators or catalysts are found no need to be isolated during the polycondensation process. Especially, the impacts of the nickel catalyst loading variation on regioregularity （rr）, yield, molecular weight （Mn）, polydispersity （PDI） and initiation efficiency of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） are systematically investigated. The IH NMR, size-exclusion chromatography （SEC）, and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy results indicated that an excess amount of catalyst does not influence yield, rr, Mn, and PDI of P3HT, nor the initiation efficiency. However, the PDI of the product is broad, and the Mn and rr values decreased in the absence of 1,3-bis （diphenylphosphino）propane （dppp）. It can be concluded that the in-situ KCTP polymerization of P3HT is a practical and effective process. These results are especially valuable for the synthesis of all-conjugated block copolymers where macroinitiators are used.
文摘The biodegradable polymer demonstrates significant potential for addressing the critical environmental challenges associated with oil spills;however, the cellular film structure and hydrophobic characteristics of the polymer restrict their efficacy. In this study, a biodegradable thin membrane composed of a blend of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL) was fabricated utilizing the electrospinning technique. The membrane exhibited an adsorption capacity for cooking oil of 10.8 g/g, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the anticipated chemical structures, revealing no evidence of chemical interactions between PHBV and PCL. This research presents an environmentally friendly and straightforward approach for fabricating biodegradable membrane structure with exceptional oil-water separation capabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278137)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2103500)Partially supported by Open Funding Project of the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering.
文摘Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-lactate)[P(3HB-co-LA)]is a highly promising valuable biodegradable material with good biocompatibility and degradability.Vibrio natriegens,owing to its fast-growth,wide substrate spectrum characteristics,was selected to produce P(3HB-co-LA).Herein,the crucial role of acetyltransferase PN96-18060 for PHB synthesis in V.natriegens was identified.Heterologous pathway of P(3HB-co-LA)was introduced into V.natriegens successfully,in addition,overexpression of the dldh gene led to 1.84 fold enhancement of the lactate content in P(3HB-co-LA).Finally,the production of P(3HB-co-LA)was characterized under different carbon sources.The lactate fraction in P(3HB-co-LA)was increased to 28.3 mol%by the modification,about 1.84 times of that of the control.This is the first successful case of producing the P(3HB-co-LA)in V.natriegens.Collectively,this study showed that V.natriegens is an attractive host organism for producing P(3HB-co-LA)and has great potential to produce other co-polymers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278137)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2103500)Partially supported by Open Funding Project of the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering.
文摘Poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate)[P(LA-co-3HB)]is a high-molecular-weight biomaterial with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.In this study,the properties of P(LA-co-3HB)were examined and found to be affected by its lactate fraction.The efficiency of lactyl-CoA biosynthesis from intracellular lactate significantly affected the microbial synthesis of P(LA-co-3HB).Two CoA transferases from Anaerotignum lactatifermentans and Bacillota bacterium were selected for use in copolymer biosynthesis from 11 candidates.We found that cotAl enhanced the lactate fraction by 31.56%compared to that of the frequently used modified form of propionyl-CoA transferase from Anaerotignum propionicum.In addition,utilizing xylose as a favorable carbon source and blocking the lactate degradation pathway further enhanced the lactate fraction to 30.42 mol%and 52.84 mol%,respectively.Furthermore,when a 5 L bioreactor was used for fermentation utilizing xylose as a carbon source,the engineered strain produced 60.60 wt%P(46.40 mol%LA-co-3HB),which was similar to the results of our flask experiments.Our results indicate that the application of new CoA transferases has great potential for the biosynthesis of other lactate-based copolymers.
基金the Researchers Supporting Project,King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia for funding this work through the project number(RSP-2024R437).
文摘The present study deals with the kinetics of improved poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB)production by an L-cysteine HCl-depressed mutant of Bacillus licheniformis.Production of biodegradable polymers is to eliminate use of materials derived from petrochemicals and also because of their environmental impact.For the current study,mutant strain(NA-21)&wild-type(IIB-isl19)were used for PHB production.Submerged culture with two-stage fermentation technique was used for PHB production.Results indicated that PHB production was improved with 300 mM of-HNO2.The superior mutant strain(NA-21)resulted in 2-fold more PHB as compared to the wild-type(IIB-isl9).It was selected,and resistance against L-cysteine HCl was developed.At 4 ppm concentration of L-cysteine HCl,PHB production by mutant strain(NA-cys4)was higher than its wild counterpart by 5.7-fold.Kinetic study of parameters including specific growth rate(μh−1),growth(Yx/s,Ys/x),product yield coefficients(Yp/s,Yp/x),volumetric rate constants(Qp,Qs,Qx)and specific rate constants(qp,qs,qx),were also accomplished.Moreover,Yp/x,Qp and qp=μ×Yp/x were found to be very significant as 1.254±0.06(g/g biomass),0.134±0.01(g/l/h)and 0.168±0.01(g/g/h),respectively.The effect of fatty acids on PHB production highlighted the improvement in PHB production by 1.94-fold.The highest PHB production during the study was 16.35±3.12 g/l which highlighted its significance(p≤0.05)and impact on the overall process.The variation in PBH yield between wild-type and mutant B.licheniformis is possibly because of induced DNA interstrand thus making unstable thymidine-thymidine dymers.From the results,it was concluded that improved PHB production on industrial scale is fairly possible and it holds the potential to contribute significantly to plastic circularity in the future.
