To learn the marine phycotoxins(MPTs)contamination status in mariculture areas in the East China Sea(ECS),from May 2020 to October 2021,80 net-concentrated phytoplankton samples were collected from 12 stations in thre...To learn the marine phycotoxins(MPTs)contamination status in mariculture areas in the East China Sea(ECS),from May 2020 to October 2021,80 net-concentrated phytoplankton samples were collected from 12 stations in three typical areas with high incidence of red tides,namely,Gouqi Island,Sandu’ao-Lianjiang,and Zhangzhou-Dongshan Island in ECS,and MPTs of the samples were detected.Six types of toxins were detected in 24 samples from 9 stations.Lipophilic marine toxins(LMTs)were more common and diverse in these areas.Pectenotoxin 2(PTX2)was the main lipophilic marine toxin(LMT)in the concentrated phytoplankton samples and the occurrence showed seasonal differences from north to south.According to the potential risks of pectenotoxin(PTXs)to seafood safety,it is suggested to execute regular monitoring on PTXs in ECS and a mandatory standard should be formulated based on the comprehensive analysis of in-situ monitoring and lab research.Meanwhile,contamination risks of cyclic imine toxins in the north and domoic acid(DA)in the south of ECS should also be paid with attention to.Only 2 paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs),N-sulfocarbamoyl toxin C2(C2),and decarbamoyl gonyatoxin 3(dcGTX3),were found from spring samples in the north of ECS.As the biggest mussel culture county of China,Gouqi Island showed higher toxin diversity and the toxin detection rate was higher than the other two areas.In Gouqi Island area,PSTs were a serious potential threat in spring,and LMTs instead of PSTs became the main risk in summer-autumn seasons.To ensure the safety of seafood and marine environmental health,it is recommended to conduct long-term targeted tracking and monitoring of MPTs in this and similar mariculture areas.展开更多
γ-mercapto-propyl trimethoxysilane （MPTS） and γ-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane （MPTES） were self-assembled on a hy- droxylated glass substrate to form a two-dimensional organic monolayer （MPTS-MPTES SAM）....γ-mercapto-propyl trimethoxysilane （MPTS） and γ-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane （MPTES） were self-assembled on a hy- droxylated glass substrate to form a two-dimensional organic monolayer （MPTS-MPTES SAM）. The terminal thiol groups （-SH） in the MPTS-MPTES SAM were in-situ oxidized into sulfonic acid groups （-SO3H） to endow the film with good chemisorption ability. Then rare earth （RE） （lanthanum-based） composite thin films were prepared by self-assembly technique based on the as-prepared SAM, taking advantage of the chemisorption ability of the sulfonic acid groups. Automatic force microscope （AFM）, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry （XPS）, contact angle measurement and ellipsometer were used to characterize MPTS-MPTES/RE composite films. The macrofriction and wear behaviors of the films sliding against an AISI-52100 steel ball were examined on a unidirectional friction and wear tester, and the worn surface morphologies were observed on an AFM. The results showed that MPTS-MPTES/RE films had a low friction coefficient （0.09） and a long wear life （5980 sliding pass） at a light load （50 mN）. It indicated that the superior tribological properties of the MPTS-MPTES/RE composite films were attributed to the special characteristic of RE elements, the mobility of the films and good bonding strength.展开更多
基金Supported by the Science&Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(No.2018FY100200)the Central Public-interest Scientifi c Institution Basal Research Fund(No.2020TD68)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2601305)。
文摘To learn the marine phycotoxins(MPTs)contamination status in mariculture areas in the East China Sea(ECS),from May 2020 to October 2021,80 net-concentrated phytoplankton samples were collected from 12 stations in three typical areas with high incidence of red tides,namely,Gouqi Island,Sandu’ao-Lianjiang,and Zhangzhou-Dongshan Island in ECS,and MPTs of the samples were detected.Six types of toxins were detected in 24 samples from 9 stations.Lipophilic marine toxins(LMTs)were more common and diverse in these areas.Pectenotoxin 2(PTX2)was the main lipophilic marine toxin(LMT)in the concentrated phytoplankton samples and the occurrence showed seasonal differences from north to south.According to the potential risks of pectenotoxin(PTXs)to seafood safety,it is suggested to execute regular monitoring on PTXs in ECS and a mandatory standard should be formulated based on the comprehensive analysis of in-situ monitoring and lab research.Meanwhile,contamination risks of cyclic imine toxins in the north and domoic acid(DA)in the south of ECS should also be paid with attention to.Only 2 paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs),N-sulfocarbamoyl toxin C2(C2),and decarbamoyl gonyatoxin 3(dcGTX3),were found from spring samples in the north of ECS.As the biggest mussel culture county of China,Gouqi Island showed higher toxin diversity and the toxin detection rate was higher than the other two areas.In Gouqi Island area,PSTs were a serious potential threat in spring,and LMTs instead of PSTs became the main risk in summer-autumn seasons.To ensure the safety of seafood and marine environmental health,it is recommended to conduct long-term targeted tracking and monitoring of MPTs in this and similar mariculture areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50475023)
文摘γ-mercapto-propyl trimethoxysilane （MPTS） and γ-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane （MPTES） were self-assembled on a hy- droxylated glass substrate to form a two-dimensional organic monolayer （MPTS-MPTES SAM）. The terminal thiol groups （-SH） in the MPTS-MPTES SAM were in-situ oxidized into sulfonic acid groups （-SO3H） to endow the film with good chemisorption ability. Then rare earth （RE） （lanthanum-based） composite thin films were prepared by self-assembly technique based on the as-prepared SAM, taking advantage of the chemisorption ability of the sulfonic acid groups. Automatic force microscope （AFM）, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry （XPS）, contact angle measurement and ellipsometer were used to characterize MPTS-MPTES/RE composite films. The macrofriction and wear behaviors of the films sliding against an AISI-52100 steel ball were examined on a unidirectional friction and wear tester, and the worn surface morphologies were observed on an AFM. The results showed that MPTS-MPTES/RE films had a low friction coefficient （0.09） and a long wear life （5980 sliding pass） at a light load （50 mN）. It indicated that the superior tribological properties of the MPTS-MPTES/RE composite films were attributed to the special characteristic of RE elements, the mobility of the films and good bonding strength.
