We fabricate flexible conductive and transparent graphene films on position-emission-tomography substrates and prepare large area graphene films by graphite oxide sheets with the new technical process. The multi-layer...We fabricate flexible conductive and transparent graphene films on position-emission-tomography substrates and prepare large area graphene films by graphite oxide sheets with the new technical process. The multi-layer graphene oxide sheets can be chemically reduced by HNO3 and HI to form a highly conductive graphene film on a substrate at lower temperature. The reduced graphene oxide sheets show a high conductivity sheet with resistance of 476Ω/sq and transmittance of 76% at 550nm （6 layers）. The technique used to produce the transparent conductive graphene thin film is facile, inexpensive, and can be tunable for a large area production applied for electronics or touch screens.展开更多
BACKGROUND A male urethral disruption injury is a urological emergency.Primary endoscopic realignment(PER)refers to reestablishment of urethral alignment via indwelling urethral catheter by cystoscope,which is recomme...BACKGROUND A male urethral disruption injury is a urological emergency.Primary endoscopic realignment(PER)refers to reestablishment of urethral alignment via indwelling urethral catheter by cystoscope,which is recommended as the optimal emergent treatment approach for reducing the likelihood of complications following injury.However,the prior literature suggests the success rate of PER to be relatively low due to complicated urethral disruption.We report a modified PER approach that serves to improve both the success rate and safety of the treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 19-year-old male patient presented with multiple pelvic fractures and complete urethral disruption following a high-velocity traffic accident.The patient’s abdominal computed tomography and retrograde urethrography results revealed complete urethral disruption at the bulbar urethra,with hematoma and contrast medium extravasation that extended into the extraperitoneal space.The conventional retrograde PER by cystoscope failed due to severe disruption and considerable hematoma.Modified simultaneous antegrade and retrograde PER was performed by means of semi-rigid ureteroscopy via a suprapubic Foley catheter and cystoscopy via the external urethra.An antegrade guidewire was passed through the bladder neck and then pulled out through the external urethral meatus with a cystoscope.Urethral continuity was achieved after a 16-Fr silicone Foley catheter was indwelled into the bladder along the guidewire.The patient recovered well,achieving voiding continence and avoiding further operation for urethral stricture.CONCLUSION Modified PER via suprapubic Foley catheter represents a promising and safe treatment approach in patients with posterior urethral injuries.展开更多
4,4-Dialkyl-2-oxazolin-5-ones are prepared by one step reaction of 2-oxazolin-5-one with the magnesium methyl carbonate(MMC)and alkyIhalides.It is a novel and convenient method for synthesis of α, Υ-disubstitutcd α...4,4-Dialkyl-2-oxazolin-5-ones are prepared by one step reaction of 2-oxazolin-5-one with the magnesium methyl carbonate(MMC)and alkyIhalides.It is a novel and convenient method for synthesis of α, Υ-disubstitutcd α-amino acid by hydrolysis of 4,4-dialkyl-2-oxazolin-5-ones.展开更多
Research on the separation of tungstenand molybdenum is of importance as it is a ba-sic problem in the metallurgy and industry oftungsten.Traditional methods for the separa-tion include precipitation with sulfides and...Research on the separation of tungstenand molybdenum is of importance as it is a ba-sic problem in the metallurgy and industry oftungsten.Traditional methods for the separa-tion include precipitation with sulfides andsolvent extraction.There are,however,certaindisadvantages for these methods.A novelmethod was developed based on another展开更多
A novel method of linear demodulation based on edge filter is presented. An experimental system is built up in which LPG is used as the edge filter. We achieve linear demodulation with a bandwidth of 5nm.
In this paper, we report a novel method for accurately measuring the photo-induced birefringence of photosensitive fiber by using Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The results indicate that the normalized birefringence can...In this paper, we report a novel method for accurately measuring the photo-induced birefringence of photosensitive fiber by using Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The results indicate that the normalized birefringence can attain 10-5.展开更多
We describe a new algorithm in a cost effective polarization division multiplexing （PDM） system. Without modifying the existing transmitter, receiver electronics, or softwares, we use a special optical scheme to dem...We describe a new algorithm in a cost effective polarization division multiplexing （PDM） system. Without modifying the existing transmitter, receiver electronics, or softwares, we use a special optical scheme to demultiplex the signal multiplexed and improve it with a conjugated gradient algorithm. We experimentally resume the polarization state with a deviation under 5% and the power loss less than 20 dB which proves the feasibility of the polarization control algorithm in the new polarization multiplexing system.展开更多
Determination of the energy range is an important precondition of focus calibration using alignment procedure （FOCAL） test. A new method to determine the energy range of FOCAL off-lined is presented in this paper. I...Determination of the energy range is an important precondition of focus calibration using alignment procedure （FOCAL） test. A new method to determine the energy range of FOCAL off-lined is presented in this paper. Independent of the lithographic tool, the method is time-saving and effective. The influences of some process factors, e.g. resist thickness, post exposure bake （PEB） temperature, PEB time and development time, on the energy range of FOCAL are analyzed.展开更多
Background:Decrease of ocular blood flow has been linked to the pathogenesis of ocular diseases such as glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration.Current methods that measure the pulsatile blood flow have major li...Background:Decrease of ocular blood flow has been linked to the pathogenesis of ocular diseases such as glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration.Current methods that measure the pulsatile blood flow have major limitations,including the assumption that ocular rigidity is the same in all eyes.Our group has recently developed a new method to measure the pulsatile choroidal volume change by direct visualization of the choroid with OCT imaging and automated segmentation.Our goal in this study is to describe the distribution of PCBF in a healthy Caucasian population.Methods:Fifty-one subjects were recruited from the Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Ophthalmology Clinic and underwent PCBF measurement in one eye.The distribution of PCBF in healthy eyes was assessed.Results:The distribution of PCBF among the healthy eyes was found to be 3.94±1.70µL with this technique.Conclusions:This study demonstrates the normal range of PCBF values obtained in a healthy Caucasian population.This technique could be used for further investigation of choroid pulsatility and to study glaucoma pathophysiology.展开更多
Oxidation of perfluoroalkanesulfinate usually resulted in the formation of the correspon-ding sulfonyl derivatives,thus reaction with hydrogen peroxide or halogen（Cl,Br,I）gavesulfonic acid or sulfonyl halides.Howeve...Oxidation of perfluoroalkanesulfinate usually resulted in the formation of the correspon-ding sulfonyl derivatives,thus reaction with hydrogen peroxide or halogen（Cl,Br,I）gavesulfonic acid or sulfonyl halides.However in comparison with alkanesulfinate the perfluo-ro analog was shown to be relatively inert toward oxidizing agents.展开更多
A new and efficient method for the synthesis of potential antiviral agents Carba-ACV (3) and Carba-DHPG (4) is described. The synthesis makes the use of N- acetylguanine to condense with the corresponding tosylates (1...A new and efficient method for the synthesis of potential antiviral agents Carba-ACV (3) and Carba-DHPG (4) is described. The synthesis makes the use of N- acetylguanine to condense with the corresponding tosylates (16) and (11) under the catalysis of dibenzo-18-C-6, resulting in the desired coupling products (17) and (12) in good yield and in the case of Carba-DHPG with high regioselecti- vity.展开更多
The state of charge （SOC） and state of health （SOH） are two of the most important parameters of Li-ion batteries in industrial production and in practical applications. The real-time estimation for these two param...The state of charge （SOC） and state of health （SOH） are two of the most important parameters of Li-ion batteries in industrial production and in practical applications. The real-time estimation for these two parameters is crucial to realize a safe and reliable battery application. However, this is a great problem for LiFePO4 batteries due to the large constant potential plateau in the charge/discharge process. Here we propose a combined SOC and SOH co-estimation method based on the experimental test under the simulating electric vehicle working condition. A first-order resistance-capacitance equivalent circuit is used to model the battery cell, and three parameter values, ohmic resistance （Rs）, parallel resistance （Rp） and parallel capacity （Cp）, are identified from a real-time experimental test. Finally we find that Rp and Cp could be utilized to make a judgement on the SOIl. More importantly, the linear relationship between Cp and the SOC is established to make the estimation of the SOC for the first time.展开更多
Dibenzoyl peroxide undergoes oxidative addition on metallic copper with triphenylphosphine in a mixed solvent(acetone,dichloromethane and trichloromethane),and affords the binuclear copper complex (Cu(C_6H_5COO)_2(OPP...Dibenzoyl peroxide undergoes oxidative addition on metallic copper with triphenylphosphine in a mixed solvent(acetone,dichloromethane and trichloromethane),and affords the binuclear copper complex (Cu(C_6H_5COO)_2(OPPh_3))_2.Crystals are monoclinic,space group A_2/a,with cell parameters,a=24.337(3),b=10.566(1),c=21.579(2),β= 93.18(1)°, V=5540(1)~3,Z=4,R=0.042,and Rw=0.044 for 5872 observed reflections. Each copper ion is coordinated by four bridging benzoato ligands and one triphenylphosphine oxide group to form binuclear complexes.展开更多
In vitro experiment using excised skin has been valuable for studying the mechanism of percutaneous absorption. Based on previously established static diffusion cell system in this laboratory, a novel model-peifused g...In vitro experiment using excised skin has been valuable for studying the mechanism of percutaneous absorption. Based on previously established static diffusion cell system in this laboratory, a novel model-peifused glass diffusion cell system is desboed. The results of initial comporative study on percutaneous absorption between glass perfused diffusion cell and static diffusion cell, ih vitro and in vivo permeation as well as factors affecting permeation with seven radiolabelled chemicals are presented. The results demonstrate that the peifused diffusion cell system, which used a perfusion nuid betow the suiface of skin to take up the materials which penetrated the skin, is more similar to physiologic condition,convenient and automatic than that of the static cell. It well predicts the in vivo percutaneous absorption if appropriate areptor fluid is chosen. The results also show that the selection of receptor fluid is critical for in vitro permeation of chemicals with different soubility展开更多
Though novel reading is a common experience to everybody,little has been researched to help average readers to understand a novel.In practice,there are two ways for them to understand a novel:one is to use literary cr...Though novel reading is a common experience to everybody,little has been researched to help average readers to understand a novel.In practice,there are two ways for them to understand a novel:one is to use literary criticism theories and the other is to refer to professional critics'criticism directly.However,the trouble is that the two methods are either time-consuming or far from convincing.In this paper,an experimental reading method is discussed to help average readers enhance reading experience.It aims at reaching the goal of reading without criticism,which,through making clear the aim of reading,putting main focus on the story only,will help readers to have a better understanding of reading.展开更多
During the course of study, we found that both poly (N-isopropylacrylamide ) (PNIP) and PNIP-Ab (enzyme-labelled antibody)could be adhere tightly to a cellulose acetale-nitrate membrane, and that the retention of PNI...During the course of study, we found that both poly (N-isopropylacrylamide ) (PNIP) and PNIP-Ab (enzyme-labelled antibody)could be adhere tightly to a cellulose acetale-nitrate membrane, and that the retention of PNIP-Ab on the membrane increased over 30-fold when compared with the unconjugated Ab.Thus we used this characteristic to develop a novel immunoassay method-polymer enzyme linked immunoassay method: homogeneous antigen-antibody reaction and heterogeneous separation process. When applied for detection of human serum HBsAg, this immunoassay system can detect as little as 1 ng/ml of human serum HBsAg.展开更多
The novel (G'/G)-expansion method is a powerful and simple technique for finding exact traveling wave solutions to nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). In this article, we study explicit exact traveling wave sol...The novel (G'/G)-expansion method is a powerful and simple technique for finding exact traveling wave solutions to nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). In this article, we study explicit exact traveling wave solutions for the (1 + 1)-dimensional combined KdV-mKdV equation by using the novel (G'/G)-expansion method. Consequently, various traveling wave solutions patterns including solitary wave solutions, periodic solutions, and kinks are detected and exhibited.展开更多
In this work, while applying a new and novel (G'/G)-expansion version technique, we identify four families of the traveling wave solutions to the (1 + 1)-dimensional compound KdVB equation. The exact solutions are...In this work, while applying a new and novel (G'/G)-expansion version technique, we identify four families of the traveling wave solutions to the (1 + 1)-dimensional compound KdVB equation. The exact solutions are derived, in terms of hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational functions, involving various parameters. When the parameters are tuned to special values, both solitary, and periodic wave models are distinguished. State of the art symbolic algebra graphical representations and dynamical interpretations of the obtained solutions physics are provided and discussed. This in turn ends up revealing salient solutions features and demonstrating the used method efficiency.展开更多
基金Supported by the Basic Research Program of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications under Grant No NY212002the Innovative Research Team in University under Grant No IRT1148the 2014 Shuangchuang Program of Jiangsu Province
文摘We fabricate flexible conductive and transparent graphene films on position-emission-tomography substrates and prepare large area graphene films by graphite oxide sheets with the new technical process. The multi-layer graphene oxide sheets can be chemically reduced by HNO3 and HI to form a highly conductive graphene film on a substrate at lower temperature. The reduced graphene oxide sheets show a high conductivity sheet with resistance of 476Ω/sq and transmittance of 76% at 550nm （6 layers）. The technique used to produce the transparent conductive graphene thin film is facile, inexpensive, and can be tunable for a large area production applied for electronics or touch screens.
文摘BACKGROUND A male urethral disruption injury is a urological emergency.Primary endoscopic realignment(PER)refers to reestablishment of urethral alignment via indwelling urethral catheter by cystoscope,which is recommended as the optimal emergent treatment approach for reducing the likelihood of complications following injury.However,the prior literature suggests the success rate of PER to be relatively low due to complicated urethral disruption.We report a modified PER approach that serves to improve both the success rate and safety of the treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 19-year-old male patient presented with multiple pelvic fractures and complete urethral disruption following a high-velocity traffic accident.The patient’s abdominal computed tomography and retrograde urethrography results revealed complete urethral disruption at the bulbar urethra,with hematoma and contrast medium extravasation that extended into the extraperitoneal space.The conventional retrograde PER by cystoscope failed due to severe disruption and considerable hematoma.Modified simultaneous antegrade and retrograde PER was performed by means of semi-rigid ureteroscopy via a suprapubic Foley catheter and cystoscopy via the external urethra.An antegrade guidewire was passed through the bladder neck and then pulled out through the external urethral meatus with a cystoscope.Urethral continuity was achieved after a 16-Fr silicone Foley catheter was indwelled into the bladder along the guidewire.The patient recovered well,achieving voiding continence and avoiding further operation for urethral stricture.CONCLUSION Modified PER via suprapubic Foley catheter represents a promising and safe treatment approach in patients with posterior urethral injuries.
文摘4,4-Dialkyl-2-oxazolin-5-ones are prepared by one step reaction of 2-oxazolin-5-one with the magnesium methyl carbonate(MMC)and alkyIhalides.It is a novel and convenient method for synthesis of α, Υ-disubstitutcd α-amino acid by hydrolysis of 4,4-dialkyl-2-oxazolin-5-ones.
文摘Research on the separation of tungstenand molybdenum is of importance as it is a ba-sic problem in the metallurgy and industry oftungsten.Traditional methods for the separa-tion include precipitation with sulfides andsolvent extraction.There are,however,certaindisadvantages for these methods.A novelmethod was developed based on another
基金Supported by the National '863' high technology project (2002 AA313110)
文摘A novel method of linear demodulation based on edge filter is presented. An experimental system is built up in which LPG is used as the edge filter. We achieve linear demodulation with a bandwidth of 5nm.
基金Supported by the National "863" high technology project(2002AA313110)
文摘In this paper, we report a novel method for accurately measuring the photo-induced birefringence of photosensitive fiber by using Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The results indicate that the normalized birefringence can attain 10-5.
基金supported by the Key Item of Application Basis Research Plan of Tianjin under Grant No.06YFJZJC00400.
文摘We describe a new algorithm in a cost effective polarization division multiplexing （PDM） system. Without modifying the existing transmitter, receiver electronics, or softwares, we use a special optical scheme to demultiplex the signal multiplexed and improve it with a conjugated gradient algorithm. We experimentally resume the polarization state with a deviation under 5% and the power loss less than 20 dB which proves the feasibility of the polarization control algorithm in the new polarization multiplexing system.
文摘Determination of the energy range is an important precondition of focus calibration using alignment procedure （FOCAL） test. A new method to determine the energy range of FOCAL off-lined is presented in this paper. Independent of the lithographic tool, the method is time-saving and effective. The influences of some process factors, e.g. resist thickness, post exposure bake （PEB） temperature, PEB time and development time, on the energy range of FOCAL are analyzed.
文摘Background:Decrease of ocular blood flow has been linked to the pathogenesis of ocular diseases such as glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration.Current methods that measure the pulsatile blood flow have major limitations,including the assumption that ocular rigidity is the same in all eyes.Our group has recently developed a new method to measure the pulsatile choroidal volume change by direct visualization of the choroid with OCT imaging and automated segmentation.Our goal in this study is to describe the distribution of PCBF in a healthy Caucasian population.Methods:Fifty-one subjects were recruited from the Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Ophthalmology Clinic and underwent PCBF measurement in one eye.The distribution of PCBF in healthy eyes was assessed.Results:The distribution of PCBF among the healthy eyes was found to be 3.94±1.70µL with this technique.Conclusions:This study demonstrates the normal range of PCBF values obtained in a healthy Caucasian population.This technique could be used for further investigation of choroid pulsatility and to study glaucoma pathophysiology.
文摘Oxidation of perfluoroalkanesulfinate usually resulted in the formation of the correspon-ding sulfonyl derivatives,thus reaction with hydrogen peroxide or halogen（Cl,Br,I）gavesulfonic acid or sulfonyl halides.However in comparison with alkanesulfinate the perfluo-ro analog was shown to be relatively inert toward oxidizing agents.
文摘A new and efficient method for the synthesis of potential antiviral agents Carba-ACV (3) and Carba-DHPG (4) is described. The synthesis makes the use of N- acetylguanine to condense with the corresponding tosylates (16) and (11) under the catalysis of dibenzo-18-C-6, resulting in the desired coupling products (17) and (12) in good yield and in the case of Carba-DHPG with high regioselecti- vity.
基金Supported by the Guangdong Innovation Team Project under Grant No 2013N080the Peacock Plan of Shenzhen Science and Technology Research under Grant No KYPT20141016105435850
文摘The state of charge （SOC） and state of health （SOH） are two of the most important parameters of Li-ion batteries in industrial production and in practical applications. The real-time estimation for these two parameters is crucial to realize a safe and reliable battery application. However, this is a great problem for LiFePO4 batteries due to the large constant potential plateau in the charge/discharge process. Here we propose a combined SOC and SOH co-estimation method based on the experimental test under the simulating electric vehicle working condition. A first-order resistance-capacitance equivalent circuit is used to model the battery cell, and three parameter values, ohmic resistance （Rs）, parallel resistance （Rp） and parallel capacity （Cp）, are identified from a real-time experimental test. Finally we find that Rp and Cp could be utilized to make a judgement on the SOIl. More importantly, the linear relationship between Cp and the SOC is established to make the estimation of the SOC for the first time.
文摘Dibenzoyl peroxide undergoes oxidative addition on metallic copper with triphenylphosphine in a mixed solvent(acetone,dichloromethane and trichloromethane),and affords the binuclear copper complex (Cu(C_6H_5COO)_2(OPPh_3))_2.Crystals are monoclinic,space group A_2/a,with cell parameters,a=24.337(3),b=10.566(1),c=21.579(2),β= 93.18(1)°, V=5540(1)~3,Z=4,R=0.042,and Rw=0.044 for 5872 observed reflections. Each copper ion is coordinated by four bridging benzoato ligands and one triphenylphosphine oxide group to form binuclear complexes.
文摘In vitro experiment using excised skin has been valuable for studying the mechanism of percutaneous absorption. Based on previously established static diffusion cell system in this laboratory, a novel model-peifused glass diffusion cell system is desboed. The results of initial comporative study on percutaneous absorption between glass perfused diffusion cell and static diffusion cell, ih vitro and in vivo permeation as well as factors affecting permeation with seven radiolabelled chemicals are presented. The results demonstrate that the peifused diffusion cell system, which used a perfusion nuid betow the suiface of skin to take up the materials which penetrated the skin, is more similar to physiologic condition,convenient and automatic than that of the static cell. It well predicts the in vivo percutaneous absorption if appropriate areptor fluid is chosen. The results also show that the selection of receptor fluid is critical for in vitro permeation of chemicals with different soubility
文摘Though novel reading is a common experience to everybody,little has been researched to help average readers to understand a novel.In practice,there are two ways for them to understand a novel:one is to use literary criticism theories and the other is to refer to professional critics'criticism directly.However,the trouble is that the two methods are either time-consuming or far from convincing.In this paper,an experimental reading method is discussed to help average readers enhance reading experience.It aims at reaching the goal of reading without criticism,which,through making clear the aim of reading,putting main focus on the story only,will help readers to have a better understanding of reading.
文摘During the course of study, we found that both poly (N-isopropylacrylamide ) (PNIP) and PNIP-Ab (enzyme-labelled antibody)could be adhere tightly to a cellulose acetale-nitrate membrane, and that the retention of PNIP-Ab on the membrane increased over 30-fold when compared with the unconjugated Ab.Thus we used this characteristic to develop a novel immunoassay method-polymer enzyme linked immunoassay method: homogeneous antigen-antibody reaction and heterogeneous separation process. When applied for detection of human serum HBsAg, this immunoassay system can detect as little as 1 ng/ml of human serum HBsAg.
文摘The novel (G'/G)-expansion method is a powerful and simple technique for finding exact traveling wave solutions to nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). In this article, we study explicit exact traveling wave solutions for the (1 + 1)-dimensional combined KdV-mKdV equation by using the novel (G'/G)-expansion method. Consequently, various traveling wave solutions patterns including solitary wave solutions, periodic solutions, and kinks are detected and exhibited.
文摘In this work, while applying a new and novel (G'/G)-expansion version technique, we identify four families of the traveling wave solutions to the (1 + 1)-dimensional compound KdVB equation. The exact solutions are derived, in terms of hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational functions, involving various parameters. When the parameters are tuned to special values, both solitary, and periodic wave models are distinguished. State of the art symbolic algebra graphical representations and dynamical interpretations of the obtained solutions physics are provided and discussed. This in turn ends up revealing salient solutions features and demonstrating the used method efficiency.
