Two new triterpenoid saponins, monepaloside K (1) and monepaloside L (2), together with a known saponin, mazusaponin I (3), were isolated from the water-soluble part of the whole plant of Marina nepalensis var. alba H...Two new triterpenoid saponins, monepaloside K (1) and monepaloside L (2), together with a known saponin, mazusaponin I (3), were isolated from the water-soluble part of the whole plant of Marina nepalensis var. alba Hand.-Mazz. The structures of monepalosides K and L were determined to be 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-3)-α-D-xylopyranosyl siaresinolic acid (1) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-( 1-3)-β-L-arabinopyranosy1 siaresinolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.展开更多
One new triterpenoid saponin, monepaloside K (1) was isolated from the water-soluble part of the whole plant of a famous Tibetan medicinal herb, morina nepalensis var. alba Hand.-Mazz.. Its structure was determined t...One new triterpenoid saponin, monepaloside K (1) was isolated from the water-soluble part of the whole plant of a famous Tibetan medicinal herb, morina nepalensis var. alba Hand.-Mazz.. Its structure was determined to be 3-O-a-L-arabinopyranosyl-(13)-b-D- xylopyranosyl siaresinolic acid on the basis of spectroscopic evidences, especially 2D NMR techniques.展开更多
Debaryomyces nepalensis NCYC 3413, halotolerant yeast isolated from rotten apple, was capable of utilizing components of hemicellulose hydrolysate such as glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose and arabinose. The organis...Debaryomyces nepalensis NCYC 3413, halotolerant yeast isolated from rotten apple, was capable of utilizing components of hemicellulose hydrolysate such as glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose and arabinose. The organism utilizes xylose as a sole carbon source and produces xylitol. The Plackett-Burman design was applied to determine the specific medium components affecting xylitol production and found that xylose, K2HPO4, and ZnSO4 were critical in augmenting xylitol production. These significant parameters were further optimized using response surface methodology. The optimum concentrations of xylose, K2HPO4, and ZnSO4 were found to be 100 g/l, 10.6 g/l and 8.9 mg/l respectively. Under these optimal conditions the xylitol production increased from 27 g/l to 36 g/l with a yield of 0.44 g/g (57% increase in total yield). In addition, formation of the by product (glycerol) was decreased under optimal conditions.展开更多
Rumex nepalensis Spreng.(Polygonaceae) commonly known as Nepal Dock has wide-spectrum therapeutic potencies and is extensively used for centuries in traditional medicine systems. The leaves of this plant are edible an...Rumex nepalensis Spreng.(Polygonaceae) commonly known as Nepal Dock has wide-spectrum therapeutic potencies and is extensively used for centuries in traditional medicine systems. The leaves of this plant are edible and a rich source of natural antioxidants. They act as a possible food supplement and are largely used in pharmaceutical industry. Extracts and metabolites from this plant exhibits pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, purgative, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-algal, central nervous system depressant, genotoxic, wound healing and skeletal muscle relaxant activity. Due to its remarkable biological activities, it has the potential to act as a rich source of drug against life threatening diseases. However, more studies are needed to scientifically validate the traditional uses of this plant, beside isolating and identifying their active principles and characterizing the mechanisms of action. We present herein a critical account of its botany, ecology, traditional uses, phytoconstituent profile and major pharmacological activities reported in recent years and therefore will provide a source of information on this plant for further studies.展开更多
The present study examined the protective effect of the ethanol extract of Sarcopyramis nepalensis (EESN) on agents-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and the possible mechanism. Acute liver injury was induced by administ...The present study examined the protective effect of the ethanol extract of Sarcopyramis nepalensis (EESN) on agents-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and the possible mechanism. Acute liver injury was induced by administration of either CCl4 or D-GalN. The animals were divided into 5 groups in terms of different treatment: normal group, CCl4 or D-GalN group, silymarin or bifendate group, low dose EESN group (10 mg/kg) and high dose EESN group (30 mg/kg). Liver function was evaluated by detecting the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The oxidize stress markers were measured, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Liver tissues were histopathologically examined by hematoxy-lin-eosin (H&E) staining. The acute toxicity study revealed that there was no toxicity of EESN at the dose of 5 g/kg in mice. The levels of ALT and AST in serum, and the MDA level in live tissues were significantly increased and the activities of SOD and GSH substantially decreased in mice after CCl4 or D-GalN treatment. These biochemical and oxidize stress markers were profoundly improved after treatment with EESN at different doses, which was similar to the results of silymarin or bifendate treatment. The histophathological examination revealed the significant improvement in the pathological changes of the liver in EESN-treated mice as compared to those in CCl4 or D-GalN group. It was concluded that EESN possesses potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties and has therapeutic potential for liver diseases.展开更多
[Objectives] To find out the more suitable substrate for seed germination and seedling growth by comparing the effects of different substrates on seed germination.[Methods] Taking the seeds collected in Nyingchi Lulan...[Objectives] To find out the more suitable substrate for seed germination and seedling growth by comparing the effects of different substrates on seed germination.[Methods] Taking the seeds collected in Nyingchi Lulang area of Tibet as the research object, the germination effects (germination percentage, germination potential, germination index) and seedling growth status (primary root number, secondary root number, main root length, root-shoot ratio, seedling height) were measured and compared.[Results] The germination effect of Piptanthus nepalensis seeds was different in different substrates, and the germination rate, germination potential and germination index of P. nepalensis seeds in vermiculite were better than those in humus soil and perlite;the growth status of seedlings in different substrates was different, the number of primary and secondary roots in vermiculite substrate was significantly larger than that in the other two substrates, and the seedling growth in vermiculite was also better than that in the other two substrates;in comparing the main root length and root-shoot ratio, it was found that the main root length in perlite was longer than that in the other two substrates, and the root-shoot ratio was also higher than that in the other two substrates.[Conclusions] The seed germination effect and seedling growth status of P. nepalensis in different substrates were different, and there were significant differences. Vermiculite substrate had better effect on seed germination and growth, and vermiculite substrate could better promote seed germination and seedling growth. Vermiculite substrate was a good choice for seedling cultivation of P. nepalensis .展开更多
[Objectives]The purpose was to establish an induction system for friable callus of Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis with different parts.[Methods]By screening the most suitable explant and adjusting the hormone ratio of...[Objectives]The purpose was to establish an induction system for friable callus of Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis with different parts.[Methods]By screening the most suitable explant and adjusting the hormone ratio of medium,friable calli of H.nepalensis var.sinensis were induced.[Results]The calli could be induced from leaves,petioles and stem segments,but the ideal explant was stem segments,with induction rate reaching 98%.The optimal medium for callus proliferation was MS+0.5 mg/L KT+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+30.0 g/L sucrose.After 3-4 generations of subculture on MS+0.5 mg/L BA+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+30.0 g/L sucrose,favorable friable calli of H.nepalensis var.sinensis were obtained.[Conclusions]The friable calli induced in this experiment can lay a foundation for in-vitro regeneration and cellular secondary metabolite production of H.nepalensis var.sinensis.展开更多
One new sesquiterpene lactone, corialactone E （1）, one new neolignan, coriarianeolignan A （2）, together with three known apocarotenoids （3-5） and one known neolignan （6） have been isolated from a CHCI3 extract...One new sesquiterpene lactone, corialactone E （1）, one new neolignan, coriarianeolignan A （2）, together with three known apocarotenoids （3-5） and one known neolignan （6） have been isolated from a CHCI3 extract of the roots of Coriaria nepalensis. The structures including absolute configurations of 1-6 were elucidated through extensive NMR, HR-ESIMS, and CD data analysis. Structurally, compound I possessed novel variations in the structure, including the newly formed ether ring of C-3/O/C-9 and the lactone ring connecting C-13 and C-5. Compound 5 showed cytotoxic activity against SKOV3 （human ovarian cancer） cells with IC50 values of 4.67 μmol/L. In vivo system, compound 3 showed anti-convulsant activity by 34% at the dose of 5 mg/kg.展开更多
Male-specific wing spots are usually associated with wing displays in the courtship behavior of Drosophila and may play important roles in sexual selection.Two closely related species,D.nepalensis and D.trilutea,diffe...Male-specific wing spots are usually associated with wing displays in the courtship behavior of Drosophila and may play important roles in sexual selection.Two closely related species,D.nepalensis and D.trilutea,differ in wing spots and scissoring behavior.Here,we compare male morphological characters,pigmentation intensity of male wing spots,wing-scissoring behavior,courtship songs,and reproductive isolation between 2 species.F1 fertile females and sterile males result from the cross between females of D.nepalensis and males of D.trilutea.The pigmentation of wing spots is significantly weaker in D.trilutea than in D.nepalensis and the F1 hybrid.Males scissor both wings in front of the female during courtship,with a posture spreading wings more widely,and at a faster frequency in D.nepalensis than in D.trilutea and the F1s.Males of D.trilutea vibrate wings to produce 2 types(A and B)of pulse songs,whereas D.nepalensis and the F1s sing only type B songs.The incidence of wing vibration and scissoring during courtship suggests that wing vibration is essential but scissoring is a facultative courtship element for successful mating in both species.The association between the darker wing spots with more elaborate scissoring might be the consequence of correlated evolution of these traits in D.nepalensis;however,D.trilutea retains wing scissoring during courtship despite having weaker pigmentation of wing spots.The genetic architecture of 2 traits differs in the F1s,consistent with maternal or sex-linked effects for spots but nonadditive effects for scissoring.展开更多
Two new compounds. corialins A （1） and B （2） were isolated from Coriaria nepulensis Wall. These new compounds were established as 7-hydroxy-3-[2,3-acetonidc-（3-methylhutane）] coumarin （1） and 3-O-β-D-glucopyr...Two new compounds. corialins A （1） and B （2） were isolated from Coriaria nepulensis Wall. These new compounds were established as 7-hydroxy-3-[2,3-acetonidc-（3-methylhutane）] coumarin （1） and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3,4,5-1rihydroxy-1-（3- methyl-2-butenyl）-benzene （2）. on the basis of ID and 2D NMR techniques.展开更多
Four strains with typical morphology of actinomycete genus of Frankia were isolated from root nodules of Coriaria nepalensis. They were shown to nodulate the seedlings of host plant and hybridize with Frankia 16S rRNA...Four strains with typical morphology of actinomycete genus of Frankia were isolated from root nodules of Coriaria nepalensis. They were shown to nodulate the seedlings of host plant and hybridize with Frankia 16S rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes, indicating that they did belong to the genus Frankia. Furthermore, by nifHDK probe hybridizations, the homologous fragments of nifHDK genes were detected among the bacteria, and they were located in various sizes of restriction fragments of total DNA, showing diverse patterns of restriction fragment length polymorphisms of nifHDK gene (nifHDK_RFLPs). The PCR_based amplification and cloning of nifH gene throw light on the molecular phylogeny of Coriaria_infective Frankia.展开更多
文摘Two new triterpenoid saponins, monepaloside K (1) and monepaloside L (2), together with a known saponin, mazusaponin I (3), were isolated from the water-soluble part of the whole plant of Marina nepalensis var. alba Hand.-Mazz. The structures of monepalosides K and L were determined to be 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-3)-α-D-xylopyranosyl siaresinolic acid (1) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-( 1-3)-β-L-arabinopyranosy1 siaresinolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.
文摘One new triterpenoid saponin, monepaloside K (1) was isolated from the water-soluble part of the whole plant of a famous Tibetan medicinal herb, morina nepalensis var. alba Hand.-Mazz.. Its structure was determined to be 3-O-a-L-arabinopyranosyl-(13)-b-D- xylopyranosyl siaresinolic acid on the basis of spectroscopic evidences, especially 2D NMR techniques.
文摘Debaryomyces nepalensis NCYC 3413, halotolerant yeast isolated from rotten apple, was capable of utilizing components of hemicellulose hydrolysate such as glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose and arabinose. The organism utilizes xylose as a sole carbon source and produces xylitol. The Plackett-Burman design was applied to determine the specific medium components affecting xylitol production and found that xylose, K2HPO4, and ZnSO4 were critical in augmenting xylitol production. These significant parameters were further optimized using response surface methodology. The optimum concentrations of xylose, K2HPO4, and ZnSO4 were found to be 100 g/l, 10.6 g/l and 8.9 mg/l respectively. Under these optimal conditions the xylitol production increased from 27 g/l to 36 g/l with a yield of 0.44 g/g (57% increase in total yield). In addition, formation of the by product (glycerol) was decreased under optimal conditions.
基金supported by the VK’s lab from Savitribai Phule Pune University in the form of Research Grant(No.:OSD/BCUD/392/132)
文摘Rumex nepalensis Spreng.(Polygonaceae) commonly known as Nepal Dock has wide-spectrum therapeutic potencies and is extensively used for centuries in traditional medicine systems. The leaves of this plant are edible and a rich source of natural antioxidants. They act as a possible food supplement and are largely used in pharmaceutical industry. Extracts and metabolites from this plant exhibits pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, purgative, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-algal, central nervous system depressant, genotoxic, wound healing and skeletal muscle relaxant activity. Due to its remarkable biological activities, it has the potential to act as a rich source of drug against life threatening diseases. However, more studies are needed to scientifically validate the traditional uses of this plant, beside isolating and identifying their active principles and characterizing the mechanisms of action. We present herein a critical account of its botany, ecology, traditional uses, phytoconstituent profile and major pharmacological activities reported in recent years and therefore will provide a source of information on this plant for further studies.
基金supported by grants from the Important National Science&Technology Specific Projects of China(No.2009ZX09301-014)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No.NCET-08-0224)
文摘The present study examined the protective effect of the ethanol extract of Sarcopyramis nepalensis (EESN) on agents-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and the possible mechanism. Acute liver injury was induced by administration of either CCl4 or D-GalN. The animals were divided into 5 groups in terms of different treatment: normal group, CCl4 or D-GalN group, silymarin or bifendate group, low dose EESN group (10 mg/kg) and high dose EESN group (30 mg/kg). Liver function was evaluated by detecting the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The oxidize stress markers were measured, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Liver tissues were histopathologically examined by hematoxy-lin-eosin (H&E) staining. The acute toxicity study revealed that there was no toxicity of EESN at the dose of 5 g/kg in mice. The levels of ALT and AST in serum, and the MDA level in live tissues were significantly increased and the activities of SOD and GSH substantially decreased in mice after CCl4 or D-GalN treatment. These biochemical and oxidize stress markers were profoundly improved after treatment with EESN at different doses, which was similar to the results of silymarin or bifendate treatment. The histophathological examination revealed the significant improvement in the pathological changes of the liver in EESN-treated mice as compared to those in CCl4 or D-GalN group. It was concluded that EESN possesses potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties and has therapeutic potential for liver diseases.
文摘[Objectives] To find out the more suitable substrate for seed germination and seedling growth by comparing the effects of different substrates on seed germination.[Methods] Taking the seeds collected in Nyingchi Lulang area of Tibet as the research object, the germination effects (germination percentage, germination potential, germination index) and seedling growth status (primary root number, secondary root number, main root length, root-shoot ratio, seedling height) were measured and compared.[Results] The germination effect of Piptanthus nepalensis seeds was different in different substrates, and the germination rate, germination potential and germination index of P. nepalensis seeds in vermiculite were better than those in humus soil and perlite;the growth status of seedlings in different substrates was different, the number of primary and secondary roots in vermiculite substrate was significantly larger than that in the other two substrates, and the seedling growth in vermiculite was also better than that in the other two substrates;in comparing the main root length and root-shoot ratio, it was found that the main root length in perlite was longer than that in the other two substrates, and the root-shoot ratio was also higher than that in the other two substrates.[Conclusions] The seed germination effect and seedling growth status of P. nepalensis in different substrates were different, and there were significant differences. Vermiculite substrate had better effect on seed germination and growth, and vermiculite substrate could better promote seed germination and seedling growth. Vermiculite substrate was a good choice for seedling cultivation of P. nepalensis .
基金Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(18ZXBFNC00370)Industrial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team Project of Hebei Province(199A2905H)Fund of Central Government for Guiding Science and Technology Development in Hebei Province(206Z6303G).
文摘[Objectives]The purpose was to establish an induction system for friable callus of Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis with different parts.[Methods]By screening the most suitable explant and adjusting the hormone ratio of medium,friable calli of H.nepalensis var.sinensis were induced.[Results]The calli could be induced from leaves,petioles and stem segments,but the ideal explant was stem segments,with induction rate reaching 98%.The optimal medium for callus proliferation was MS+0.5 mg/L KT+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+30.0 g/L sucrose.After 3-4 generations of subculture on MS+0.5 mg/L BA+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+30.0 g/L sucrose,favorable friable calli of H.nepalensis var.sinensis were obtained.[Conclusions]The friable calli induced in this experiment can lay a foundation for in-vitro regeneration and cellular secondary metabolite production of H.nepalensis var.sinensis.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21132009)the National Science and Technology Project of China(No.2012ZX09301002-002)
文摘One new sesquiterpene lactone, corialactone E （1）, one new neolignan, coriarianeolignan A （2）, together with three known apocarotenoids （3-5） and one known neolignan （6） have been isolated from a CHCI3 extract of the roots of Coriaria nepalensis. The structures including absolute configurations of 1-6 were elucidated through extensive NMR, HR-ESIMS, and CD data analysis. Structurally, compound I possessed novel variations in the structure, including the newly formed ether ring of C-3/O/C-9 and the lactone ring connecting C-13 and C-5. Compound 5 showed cytotoxic activity against SKOV3 （human ovarian cancer） cells with IC50 values of 4.67 μmol/L. In vivo system, compound 3 showed anti-convulsant activity by 34% at the dose of 5 mg/kg.
基金funded by the National Scientifie Foundation of China(31372187)funded by the NERC,UK(grants NE/E015255/1 and NE/020818/1).
文摘Male-specific wing spots are usually associated with wing displays in the courtship behavior of Drosophila and may play important roles in sexual selection.Two closely related species,D.nepalensis and D.trilutea,differ in wing spots and scissoring behavior.Here,we compare male morphological characters,pigmentation intensity of male wing spots,wing-scissoring behavior,courtship songs,and reproductive isolation between 2 species.F1 fertile females and sterile males result from the cross between females of D.nepalensis and males of D.trilutea.The pigmentation of wing spots is significantly weaker in D.trilutea than in D.nepalensis and the F1 hybrid.Males scissor both wings in front of the female during courtship,with a posture spreading wings more widely,and at a faster frequency in D.nepalensis than in D.trilutea and the F1s.Males of D.trilutea vibrate wings to produce 2 types(A and B)of pulse songs,whereas D.nepalensis and the F1s sing only type B songs.The incidence of wing vibration and scissoring during courtship suggests that wing vibration is essential but scissoring is a facultative courtship element for successful mating in both species.The association between the darker wing spots with more elaborate scissoring might be the consequence of correlated evolution of these traits in D.nepalensis;however,D.trilutea retains wing scissoring during courtship despite having weaker pigmentation of wing spots.The genetic architecture of 2 traits differs in the F1s,consistent with maternal or sex-linked effects for spots but nonadditive effects for scissoring.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(Nos. 2009CB522303 and 2009CB940900)the foundation of State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China(No.P2008-ZZ13)
文摘Two new compounds. corialins A （1） and B （2） were isolated from Coriaria nepulensis Wall. These new compounds were established as 7-hydroxy-3-[2,3-acetonidc-（3-methylhutane）] coumarin （1） and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3,4,5-1rihydroxy-1-（3- methyl-2-butenyl）-benzene （2）. on the basis of ID and 2D NMR techniques.
文摘Four strains with typical morphology of actinomycete genus of Frankia were isolated from root nodules of Coriaria nepalensis. They were shown to nodulate the seedlings of host plant and hybridize with Frankia 16S rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes, indicating that they did belong to the genus Frankia. Furthermore, by nifHDK probe hybridizations, the homologous fragments of nifHDK genes were detected among the bacteria, and they were located in various sizes of restriction fragments of total DNA, showing diverse patterns of restriction fragment length polymorphisms of nifHDK gene (nifHDK_RFLPs). The PCR_based amplification and cloning of nifH gene throw light on the molecular phylogeny of Coriaria_infective Frankia.
