With the deepening of cross-cultural educational cooperation between China and Malaysia,the cross-cultural challenges that Chinese overseas students face in Malaysia due to language and cultural differences have becom...With the deepening of cross-cultural educational cooperation between China and Malaysia,the cross-cultural challenges that Chinese overseas students face in Malaysia due to language and cultural differences have become increasingly prominent.Focusing on Chinese graduate students at a public university in Malaysia where English is the medium of instruction,this study employs a scale survey method in conjunction with IBM SPSS 26.0 and Smart PLS 4.0 for data analysis to quantitatively explore the level of language anxiety and its relationship with cross-cultural adaptability and learning motivation.The results indicate that most Chinese graduate students experience notable language anxiety,which is significantly negatively correlated with cross-cultural adaptability,especially academic adaptability,but is not related to learning motivation.Furthermore,the study reveals the complex influencing mechanism of language anxiety within multicultural educational environments and offers suggestions for improvement tailored to Malaysia’s unique educational context.These include utilizing technological tools for language interventions,optimizing classroom teaching strategies,enhancing language learning motivation through external incentives,strengthening training for cross-cultural adaptation skills,and promoting deeper cross-cultural communication.This study provides theoretical support and practical references for alleviating language anxiety and enhancing the cross-cultural adaptability of Chinese overseas students.展开更多
Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are promising materials for mitigating polysulfide shuttling in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,but enhancing their ability to convert polysulfides across a wide temperature range remain...Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are promising materials for mitigating polysulfide shuttling in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,but enhancing their ability to convert polysulfides across a wide temperature range remains a challenge,Herein,we introduce a redox-active COF(RaCOF)that functions as both a physical barrier and a kinetic enhancer to improve the temperature adaptability of Li-S batteries,The RaCOF constructed from redox-active anthraquinone units accelerates polysulfide conversion kinetics through reversible C=O/C-OLi transformations within a voltage range of 1,7 to 2.8 V(vs.Li^(+)/Li),optimizing sulfur redox reactions in ether-based electrolytes.Unlike conventional COFs,RaCOF provides bidentate trapping of polysulfides,increasing binding energy and facilitating more effective polysulfide management.In-situ XRD and ToF-SIMS analyses confirm that RaCOF enhances polysulfide adsorption and promotes the transformation of lithium sulfide(Li_(2)S),leading to better sulfur cathode reutilization.Consequently,RaCOF-modified Li-S batteries demonstrate low self-discharge(4.0%decay over a 7-day rest),excellent wide-temperature performance(stable from-10 to+60℃),and high-rate cycling stability(94%capacity retention over 500 cycles at 5.0 C).This work offers valuable insights for designing COF structures aimed at achieving temperature-adaptive performance in rechargeable batteries.展开更多
Background:This study addresses the pressing need to understand the nuanced relationship between‘mattering’—the perception of being significant to others—and problematic internet use(PIU)among university students....Background:This study addresses the pressing need to understand the nuanced relationship between‘mattering’—the perception of being significant to others—and problematic internet use(PIU)among university students.Unlike previous research that has primarily employed variable-centered approaches,this study first adopts a person-centered approach using Latent Profile Analysis(LPA)to identify distinct mattering profiles.Subsequently,through variable-centered analyses,these profiles are examined in relation to different types of PIU—specifically problematic social media use(PSMU)and problematic gaming(PG)—as well as adaptability.Methods:Data were collected from 3587 university students across 19 universities in China.Participants completed three mattering-related scales(General Mattering Scale,Anti-Mattering Scale,and Fear of Not Mattering Inventory),along with the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale,the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form,and the Nine-item Adaptability Scale.Results:A four-class model identified by LPA was optimally selected:Class 1(high general mattering,low anti-mattering,low fear of not mattering),Class 2(moderate levels),Class 3(moderate general mattering,high antimattering,high fear of not mattering),and Class 4(low general mattering,low fear of not mattering,moderate anti-mattering).Significant differences were found among these classes in both PIU types(PSMU:F=139.66,p<0.001;PG:F=162.96,p<0.001).The pattern of mean differences consistently showed:Class 3>Class 2>Class 4>Class 1.Class 3 participants demonstrated the highest likelihood of meeting the addiction criteria,Class 2 showed moderate probability,while Classes 1 and 4 exhibited lower probabilities(χ^(2)=113.38 to 408.87,all p<0.001).Additionally,Class 3 reported the lowest adaptability(F=131.67,p<0.001).Conclusion:This study reveals that the unique influence of three ways of assessing feelings of mattering and the fear of not mattering on university students’PIU at the personal level,concluding that these factors are integral to understanding PIU among this demographic.展开更多
Objectives:Teachers are facing unprecedented new challenges leading them to face an increasing number of tasks that are not part of their job,as well as having to cope with the additional skills acquisition that comes...Objectives:Teachers are facing unprecedented new challenges leading them to face an increasing number of tasks that are not part of their job,as well as having to cope with the additional skills acquisition that comes with non-traditional forms of teaching and learning,and increased work pressure leading to an increase in the rate of teachers leaving the profession.Therefore,this study aims to explore the mechanism of the career calling on job burnout through career adaptability and work engagement.Methods:This study conducted a cross-sectional survey of 465 primary and secondary school teachers(PSST)in China's Mainland from the perspective of work adjustment and used structural equation modeling(SEM)to examine the mediating roles of career adaptability and work engagement in the relationship between teachers’career calling and job burnout.Results:The results show that PSSTs are above average in career calling,career adaptability,and work engagement,while job burnout is below average.A significant positive or negative correlation exists between career calling,career adaptability,work engagement,and job burnout.The result of path analysis indicates that career adaptability and work engagement exert an indirect influence on the job burnout of PSST through three paths:namely,the independent intermediary role of career adaptability(EV=−0.144),the independent intermediary role of work engagement(EV=0.172)and the chain intermediary role of the two(EV=0.176).Conclusion:This study emphasizes the importance of career adaptability and work engagement in teacher development in regulating career calling and job burnout.Therefore,on the one hand,we think that if managers want to reduce teachers’job burnout,they need to pay more attention to teachers’career adaptability and work engagement,rather than relying solely on teachers’career calling.On the other hand,it is to remind teachers not to rely on their adjustment to adapt to the work,but also to need outside help as much as possible.展开更多
The tropical roots and tuber crops (R and T) consist of cassava, sweet potato, yams, elephant foot yam, taro, tannia and a couple of minor tuber crops. Tropical tuber crops are the third most important food crops afte...The tropical roots and tuber crops (R and T) consist of cassava, sweet potato, yams, elephant foot yam, taro, tannia and a couple of minor tuber crops. Tropical tuber crops are the third most important food crops after cereals and pulses. These crops play a crucial role in providing food and nutritional security to the rural masses in Africa, Latin America and parts of Asia. Cassava and sweet potato rank among the top 10 food crops produced in developing countries and contribute to about 6% of world’s dietary calories. In India, tropical tubers are grown mostly in states like Odisha, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Bihar and North East covering 4.5% of the total area under vegetables with 5.7% of the total vegetable production. Low income farmers and most undernourished households in India depend on R and T crops. They value these crops for their high calorie and stable yields under conditions in which other crops may fail. Genetic diversity of major tropical tuber crops provides options for its diverse usage in “multicuisine”, “nutrition”, “feed”, health care” and renewable resources of processing firms. Water productivity is also higher, for example, to produce 1 kg of tubers, sweet potatoes require water (383 l), taro (606 l), yam (343 l), as compared to rice (1673 l), maize (1222 l), wheat (1827 l), etc. Tuber crops are one of most efficient producers of dry matter and edible energy. These crops have potential to reverse soil degradation. Cassava is already recognized as drought tolerant followed by yam. Tubers of taro, elephant foot yam and yams can be stored under zero energy conditions for 6 - 7 months unlike temperate potatoes in cold storage. The natural climatic resilience as well as inherent nutrition attributes, has been explored further. Such studies made these crops more robust to changing climate and as the source of nutrient enriched food bowls. Sweet potato variety Bhu Krishna is the first purple flesh variety in India containing (90 mg/100 g anthocyanin) coupled with starch 22% - 25%. Similarly, the orange flesh Bhu Sona containing beta carotene (14 mg/100 g) coupled with high starch 22% - 24% is the first variety having both high beta carotene and high starch. These varieties are tolerant to salinity and Bhu Krishna is resistant to weevil. Likewise, developed improved taro varieties resistant to biotic blight stress, tolerant to salinity and are enriched with micro nutrients. These improved varieties are used to breed the superior types further. All these climate resilient, nutritionally enriched varieties will have a greater impact on supplementing rainbow food for all. These can address the issues like “food insecurity”, “malnutrition”, diet related issue of mass consumers across the world. The analysis of innovations on enhancing adaptability, nutritional quality with a management matrix would help in strengthening future programme.展开更多
This article employs a combined approach of biology and economics to reveal that biological evolution has an economic nature, evolving towards improved energy efficiency. The orthodox Darwinian theory of evolution des...This article employs a combined approach of biology and economics to reveal that biological evolution has an economic nature, evolving towards improved energy efficiency. The orthodox Darwinian theory of evolution describes evolution as the random variation of organisms and their survival through natural selection. In fact, the natural environment itself is a constantly changing context, and the strategy to adapt to this change is to enhance behavioral capabilities, thereby expanding the range and dimensions of behavior. Therefore, the improvement of behavioral capabilities is an important aspect of evolution. The enhancement of behavioral capabilities expands the range of adaptation to the natural environment and increases the space for behavioral choices. Within this space of behavioral choices, some options are more effective and superior to others;thus, the ability to select is necessary to make the improved behavioral capabilities more beneficial to the organism itself. The birth and development of the brain serve the purpose of selection. By using the brain to make selections, at least the “better” behavior will be chosen between two alternatives. Once the better behavior yields better results, and the organism can associate these results with the corresponding behavior, it will persist in this behavior. The persistent repetition of a behavior over generations will form a habit. Habits passed down through generations constitute a new environment, causing the organism’s genes to activate or deactivate certain functions, ultimately leading to genetic changes that are beneficial to that habit. Since the brain’s selection represents the organism’s self-selection, it differs from random variation;it is also a rational selection, choosing behaviors that either obtain more energy or reduce energy consumption. Thus, this evolution possesses an economic nature.展开更多
Increased soil erosion as a consequence of karst rocky desertification(KRD)reduces soil quality and plant diversity.Premna puberula Pamp.is a perennial understory shrub that can adapt to the harsh environment of KRD a...Increased soil erosion as a consequence of karst rocky desertification(KRD)reduces soil quality and plant diversity.Premna puberula Pamp.is a perennial understory shrub that can adapt to the harsh environment of KRD and has potential value for KRD environmental restoration.We measure morphological and photosynthetic characteristics,nutrient accumulation,and soil physical and chemical properties of two-year-old P.puberula planted in KRD habitat and non-rocky desertification areas,and investigate how it adapts to this habitat.In KRD areas,P.puberula reduces aboveground water loss by decreasing leaf area,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate,while increasing leaf thickness,root length and number,and increases belowground biomass to absorb more water and nutrients.In KRD areas,drought leads to decreased leaf water content,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,and chlorophyll content,and decreased photosynthetic rate.Soluble sugar and protein contents increase in KRD areas in response to water stress,but pectin and flavonoid contents decrease.Correlation analysis reveals that leaf area and thickness are important functional traits that affect leaf water content and photosynthesis.Totals of leaf carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus,along with C:N,C:P,and N:P ratios,are coupled with leaf photosynthetic characteristics and root development.Redundancy analysis reveals that available K and P,and total P,K,and N in soil mainly influence the differences in plant functional traits,explaining 95.8%,95.5%,91.1%,85.8%,and 74%of variation,respectively.We hypothesize that P.puberula reduces aboveground productivity to maintain its water balance,and acquires more water and nutrients by increasing belowground biomass.It indicates that this species adapts to arid KRD environments.展开更多
In-depth research was conducted on the types,seasonal patterns,spatial levels,overwintering,summering,drought resistance,and disease and pest resistance of ornamental grasses in the road flower borders of Hefei,Anhui ...In-depth research was conducted on the types,seasonal patterns,spatial levels,overwintering,summering,drought resistance,and disease and pest resistance of ornamental grasses in the road flower borders of Hefei,Anhui Province.Through field investigations,a total of 36 ornamental grasses were identified,with Liliaceae having the most species and the Lamiaceae the least.The results show that there are more warm season ornamental grasses,of 23 species;Acorus gramineus and Melinis minutiflora have poor overwintering ability;Arrhenatherum elatius,Festuca glauca,and Stipa tenuissima have poor summer tolerance;most ornamental grasses have strong drought resistance and resistance to pests and diseases.The comprehensive investigation shows that ornamental grasses have good application prospects and adaptability in the road flower borders in Hefei city.展开更多
Sorghum is a versatile and resilient crop that’s been cultivated for thousands of years. It is known for its ability to thrive in hot, dry conditions and withstand periods of drought, making it an important food sour...Sorghum is a versatile and resilient crop that’s been cultivated for thousands of years. It is known for its ability to thrive in hot, dry conditions and withstand periods of drought, making it an important food source in many parts of the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and phenotypic description of introduced sorghum varieties in the North West region of Cameroon. The experiment was conducted in 2024 at the experimental farm of the University of Bamenda and was laid down in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The treatments were five introduced varieties from Mali and two varieties collected from the Northern region of Cameroon. The descriptive analysis revealed the morphological variation among the varieties on the stem, leaves and panicles of the plant. The analysis of growth and yield parameters revealed significant variation among the traits estimated. The highest emergence percentage was (96.62%) recorded by Wassanio, highest plant height (185.7 cm) recorded by Doussousouma-Nio, highest number of leaves (14) given by White sorghum, highest leaves length (95.37 cm) obtained by white sorghum, highest number of tillers (0.625) expressed by Grinkan, highest plant circumference (9.65) given by white sorghum. Additionally, the top 3 high-yielding introduced sorghum varieties were Tiandougou Coura (10.35 t/ha), Wassanio (9.9 t/ha) and Doussousouma-Nio (8.4 t/ha). These introduced varieties could be recommended for multi trials evaluation and release process in the North West Region of the country. Whereas, the white sorghum collected from the Northern region of the country was not adapted to the North West region.展开更多
BACKGROUND There is an increasingly strong demand for appearance and physical beauty in social life,marriage,and other aspects with the development of society and the improvement of material living standards.An increa...BACKGROUND There is an increasingly strong demand for appearance and physical beauty in social life,marriage,and other aspects with the development of society and the improvement of material living standards.An increasing number of people have improved their appearance and physical shape through aesthetic plastic surgery.The female breast plays a significant role in physical beauty,and droopy or atrophied breasts can frequently lead to psychological inferiority and lack of confidence in women.This,in turn,can affect their mental health and quality of life.AIM To analyze preoperative and postoperative self-image pressure-level changes of autologous fat breast augmentation patients and their impact on social adaptability.METHODS We selected 160 patients who underwent autologous fat breast augmentation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 using random sampling method.The general information,selfimage pressure level,and social adaptability of the patients were investigated using a basic information survey,body image self-assessment scale,and social adaptability scale.The self-image pressure-level changes and their effects on the social adaptability of patients before and after autologous fat breast augmentation were analyzed.RESULTS We collected 142 valid questionnaires.The single-factor analysis results showed no statistically significant difference in the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score of patients with different ages,marital status,and monthly income.However,there were significant differences in social adaptability among patients with different education levels and employment statuses.The correlation analysis results revealed a significant correlation between the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score before and after surgery.Multiple factors analysis results showed that the degree of concern caused by appearance in selfimage pressure,the degree of possible behavioral intervention,the related distress caused by body image,and the influence of body image on social life influenced the social adaptability of autologous fat breast augmentation patients.CONCLUSION The self-image pressure on autologous fat breast augmentation patients is inversely proportional to their social adaptability.展开更多
Recently,for developing neuromorphic visual systems,adaptive optoelectronic devices become one of the main research directions and attract extensive focus to achieve optoelectronic transistors with high performances a...Recently,for developing neuromorphic visual systems,adaptive optoelectronic devices become one of the main research directions and attract extensive focus to achieve optoelectronic transistors with high performances and flexible func-tionalities.In this review,based on a description of the biological adaptive functions that are favorable for dynamically perceiv-ing,filtering,and processing information in the varying environment,we summarize the representative strategies for achiev-ing these adaptabilities in optoelectronic transistors,including the adaptation for detecting information,adaptive synaptic weight change,and history-dependent plasticity.Moreover,the key points of the corresponding strategies are comprehen-sively discussed.And the applications of these adaptive optoelectronic transistors,including the adaptive color detection,sig-nal filtering,extending the response range of light intensity,and improve learning efficiency,are also illustrated separately.Lastly,the challenges faced in developing adaptive optoelectronic transistor for artificial vision system are discussed.The descrip-tion of biological adaptive functions and the corresponding inspired neuromorphic devices are expected to provide insights for the design and application of next-generation artificial visual systems.展开更多
Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons migrating to the granule cell layer and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inh...Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons migrating to the granule cell layer and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inhibitory interneurons. The generation of these new neurons in the olfactory bulb supports both structural and functional plasticity, aiding in circuit remodeling triggered by memory and learning processes. However, the presence of these neurons, coupled with the cellular diversity within the olfactory bulb, presents an ongoing challenge in understanding its network organization and function. Moreover,the continuous integration of new neurons in the olfactory bulb plays a pivotal role in regulating olfactory information processing. This adaptive process responds to changes in epithelial composition and contributes to the formation of olfactory memories by modulating cellular connectivity within the olfactory bulb and interacting intricately with higher-order brain regions. The role of adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulb functions remains a topic of debate. Nevertheless, the functionality of the olfactory bulb is intricately linked to the organization of granule cells around mitral and tufted cells. This organizational pattern significantly impacts output, network behavior, and synaptic plasticity, which are crucial for olfactory perception and memory. Additionally, this organization is further shaped by axon terminals originating from cortical and subcortical regions. Despite the crucial role of olfactory bulb in brain functions and behaviors related to olfaction, these complex and highly interconnected processes have not been comprehensively studied as a whole. Therefore, this manuscript aims to discuss our current understanding and explore how neural plasticity and olfactory neurogenesis contribute to enhancing the adaptability of the olfactory system. These mechanisms are thought to support olfactory learning and memory, potentially through increased complexity and restructuring of neural network structures, as well as the addition of new granule granule cells that aid in olfactory adaptation. Additionally, the manuscript underscores the importance of employing precise methodologies to elucidate the specific roles of adult neurogenesis amidst conflicting data and varying experimental paradigms. Understanding these processes is essential for gaining insights into the complexities of olfactory function and behavior.展开更多
This paper aims to explore effective strategies for overcoming the five core challenges currently faced by vocational education:challenges in defining the educational type,variations in the quality of incoming student...This paper aims to explore effective strategies for overcoming the five core challenges currently faced by vocational education:challenges in defining the educational type,variations in the quality of incoming students and their learning abilities,the need to improve teaching quality and effectiveness,urgent requirements for optimizing the quality of teaching staff,and insufficient depth in the integration of industry and education.By analyzing the root causes of these challenges,this paper proposes a series of targeted strategies and measures.Taking the School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering at Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology as an example,the paper elaborates on how the school has significantly enhanced the adaptability and teaching quality of vocational education through precise positioning of vocational education types,strengthening the construction of teaching staff,optimizing teaching methods and content,and deepening the integration of industry and education.The research results indicate that these initiatives not only effectively address key issues in vocational education but also promote comprehensive improvements in students’overall qualities and employment competitiveness,providing valuable insights and practical references for advancing the high-quality development of vocational education.Furthermore,by introducing the practice of the School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering at Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology in tailoring vocational education development to local conditions,this paper validates the reliability and feasibility of the proposed solutions.展开更多
The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a tra...The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a transformative pathway for climate change adaptation and peacebuilding, with emphasis on a holistic approach to managing resource conflicts and environmental challenges. This paper explores the synergies between emerging technologies and strategic framework to mitigate climate-induced tensions and foster resilience. It focuses on the application of renewable energy systems to reduce dependence on contested resources, blockchain technology to ensure transparency in climate finance, equitable resource allocation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance early warning systems for climate-related disaster and conflicts. Additionally, technologies such as precision agriculture and remote sensing empower communities to optimize resource use, adapt to shifting environmental conditions, and reduce competition over scares resources. These innovations with inclusive governance and local capacity-building are very primordial. Ultimately, the convergence of technology, policy, and local participation offers a scalable and replicable model for addressing the dual challenges of environmental degradation and instability, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and peaceful future.展开更多
Understanding the ecological adaptation of tree species can not only reveal the evolutionary potential but also benefit biodiversity conservation under global climate change.Quercus is a keystone genus in Northern Hem...Understanding the ecological adaptation of tree species can not only reveal the evolutionary potential but also benefit biodiversity conservation under global climate change.Quercus is a keystone genus in Northern Hemisphere forests,and its wide distribution in diverse ecosystems and long evolutionary history make it an ideal model for studying the genomic basis of ecological adaptations.Here we used a newly sequenced genome of Quercus gilva,an evergreen oak species from East Asia,with 18 published Fagales genomes to determine how Fagaceae genomes have evolved,identify genomic footprints of ecological adaptability in oaks in general,as well as between evergreen and deciduous oaks.We found that oak species exhibited a higher degree of genomic conservation and stability,as indicated by the absence of large-scale chromosomal structural variations or additional whole-genome duplication events.In addition,we identified expansion and tandem repetitions within gene families that contribute to plant physical and chemical defense(e.g.,cuticle biosynthesis and oxidosqualene cyclase genes),which may represent the foundation for the ecological adaptation of oak species.Circadian rhythm and hormone-related genes may regulate the habits of evergreen and deciduous oaks.This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the ecological adaptations of tree species based on phylogenetic,genome evolutionary,and functional genomic analyses.展开更多
The paper proposes a method for solving the problem of synthesis of an adaptive control system for unstable and deterministic chaotic processes in the class of‘dovetail’catastrophes for objects with m-inputs and n-o...The paper proposes a method for solving the problem of synthesis of an adaptive control system for unstable and deterministic chaotic processes in the class of‘dovetail’catastrophes for objects with m-inputs and n-outputs.The synthesis problem is solved by the gradient-velocity method of Lyapunov vector functions.From the conditions of the aperiodic robust stability of the etalon model with the desired dynamics of the main control loop and the generalised configurable object,the control goal is achieved.One of the most promising ways of solving the problem of managing unstable and deterministic chaotic processes is the synthesis of a control system in the class of‘swallowtail’catastrophes and the use of adaptation methods.Selecting and studying a reference model,and employing the gradient-velocity method for a generalised configurable control object ensure robust stability,utilise current information effectively,and achieve desired system quality and management goals.展开更多
Managing sensitive data in dynamic and high-stakes environments,such as healthcare,requires access control frameworks that offer real-time adaptability,scalability,and regulatory compliance.BIG-ABAC introduces a trans...Managing sensitive data in dynamic and high-stakes environments,such as healthcare,requires access control frameworks that offer real-time adaptability,scalability,and regulatory compliance.BIG-ABAC introduces a transformative approach to Attribute-Based Access Control(ABAC)by integrating real-time policy evaluation and contextual adaptation.Unlike traditional ABAC systems that rely on static policies,BIG-ABAC dynamically updates policies in response to evolving rules and real-time contextual attributes,ensuring precise and efficient access control.Leveraging decision trees evaluated in real-time,BIG-ABAC overcomes the limitations of conventional access control models,enabling seamless adaptation to complex,high-demand scenarios.The framework adheres to the NIST ABAC standard while incorporating modern distributed streaming technologies to enhance scalability and traceability.Its flexible policy enforcement mechanisms facilitate the implementation of regulatory requirements such as HIPAA and GDPR,allowing organizations to align access control policies with compliance needs dynamically.Performance evaluations demonstrate that BIG-ABAC processes 95% of access requests within 50 ms and updates policies dynamically with a latency of 30 ms,significantly outperforming traditional ABAC models.These results establish BIG-ABAC as a benchmark for adaptive,scalable,and context-aware access control,making it an ideal solution for dynamic,high-risk domains such as healthcare,smart cities,and Industrial IoT(IIoT).展开更多
This study examines the role adaptation of rural primary school teachers through a literature review,summarizing the current research on general practice teachers and identifying emerging trends.Interviews were conduc...This study examines the role adaptation of rural primary school teachers through a literature review,summarizing the current research on general practice teachers and identifying emerging trends.Interviews were conducted with four rural primary school teachers,revealing key challenges:an incomplete understanding of their responsibilities as head teachers,a lack of theoretical and practical guidance in their role as learners,and insufficient research skills in their role as researchers.To address these issues,the study recommends reducing the number of subjects taught by general practice teachers in rural primary schools and providing targeted training,strengthening professional guidance and improving compensation,offering high-quality learning resources and encouraging further education,and establishing educational alliances to enhance teachers’research capabilities.展开更多
Existing traditional ocean vertical-mixing schemes are empirically developed without a thorough understanding of the physical processes involved,resulting in a discrepancy between the parameterization and forecast res...Existing traditional ocean vertical-mixing schemes are empirically developed without a thorough understanding of the physical processes involved,resulting in a discrepancy between the parameterization and forecast results.The uncertainty in ocean-mixing parameterization is primarily responsible for the bias in ocean models.Benefiting from deep-learning technology,we design the Adaptive Fully Connected Module with an Inception module as the baseline to minimize bias.It adaptively extracts the best features through fully connected layers with different widths,and better learns the nonlinear relationship between input variables and parameterization fields.Moreover,to obtain more accurate results,we impose KPP(K-Profile Parameterization)and PP(Pacanowski–Philander)schemes as physical constraints to make the network parameterization process follow the basic physical laws more closely.Since model data are calculated with human experience,lacking some unknown physical processes,which may differ from the actual data,we use a decade-long time record of hydrological and turbulence observations in the tropical Pacific Ocean as training data.Combining physical constraints and a nonlinear activation function,our method catches its nonlinear change and better adapts to the oceanmixing parameterization process.The use of physical constraints can improve the final results.展开更多
基金funded by the 2022 Annual Key Research Project on Theoretical and Practical Studies of Ideological and Political Education for University Students in GuangxiSpecial Focus on University Counselors:Exploration and Practice of a Cultivation Ecosystem for Cultivating Both Moral Character and Talent Through “One Virtue+Two Lines+Three Stages+Four Micro-Education Methods” for Ideological and Political Education in Universities from the Perspective of Peer Language Systems,Project No.:2022MSZ031
文摘With the deepening of cross-cultural educational cooperation between China and Malaysia,the cross-cultural challenges that Chinese overseas students face in Malaysia due to language and cultural differences have become increasingly prominent.Focusing on Chinese graduate students at a public university in Malaysia where English is the medium of instruction,this study employs a scale survey method in conjunction with IBM SPSS 26.0 and Smart PLS 4.0 for data analysis to quantitatively explore the level of language anxiety and its relationship with cross-cultural adaptability and learning motivation.The results indicate that most Chinese graduate students experience notable language anxiety,which is significantly negatively correlated with cross-cultural adaptability,especially academic adaptability,but is not related to learning motivation.Furthermore,the study reveals the complex influencing mechanism of language anxiety within multicultural educational environments and offers suggestions for improvement tailored to Malaysia’s unique educational context.These include utilizing technological tools for language interventions,optimizing classroom teaching strategies,enhancing language learning motivation through external incentives,strengthening training for cross-cultural adaptation skills,and promoting deeper cross-cultural communication.This study provides theoretical support and practical references for alleviating language anxiety and enhancing the cross-cultural adaptability of Chinese overseas students.
基金funding supporting from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22309003,22379001)the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province Education Department(2023AH051119)+3 种基金the open project funding from Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multi phase Materials Chemical Engineering(MMCE2024001)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2402201)the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Hehai University 21TQ1400100(21TQ009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720220010).
文摘Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are promising materials for mitigating polysulfide shuttling in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,but enhancing their ability to convert polysulfides across a wide temperature range remains a challenge,Herein,we introduce a redox-active COF(RaCOF)that functions as both a physical barrier and a kinetic enhancer to improve the temperature adaptability of Li-S batteries,The RaCOF constructed from redox-active anthraquinone units accelerates polysulfide conversion kinetics through reversible C=O/C-OLi transformations within a voltage range of 1,7 to 2.8 V(vs.Li^(+)/Li),optimizing sulfur redox reactions in ether-based electrolytes.Unlike conventional COFs,RaCOF provides bidentate trapping of polysulfides,increasing binding energy and facilitating more effective polysulfide management.In-situ XRD and ToF-SIMS analyses confirm that RaCOF enhances polysulfide adsorption and promotes the transformation of lithium sulfide(Li_(2)S),leading to better sulfur cathode reutilization.Consequently,RaCOF-modified Li-S batteries demonstrate low self-discharge(4.0%decay over a 7-day rest),excellent wide-temperature performance(stable from-10 to+60℃),and high-rate cycling stability(94%capacity retention over 500 cycles at 5.0 C).This work offers valuable insights for designing COF structures aimed at achieving temperature-adaptive performance in rechargeable batteries.
基金supported by a special grant from the Taishan Scholars Project(Project No.tsqn202211130).
文摘Background:This study addresses the pressing need to understand the nuanced relationship between‘mattering’—the perception of being significant to others—and problematic internet use(PIU)among university students.Unlike previous research that has primarily employed variable-centered approaches,this study first adopts a person-centered approach using Latent Profile Analysis(LPA)to identify distinct mattering profiles.Subsequently,through variable-centered analyses,these profiles are examined in relation to different types of PIU—specifically problematic social media use(PSMU)and problematic gaming(PG)—as well as adaptability.Methods:Data were collected from 3587 university students across 19 universities in China.Participants completed three mattering-related scales(General Mattering Scale,Anti-Mattering Scale,and Fear of Not Mattering Inventory),along with the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale,the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form,and the Nine-item Adaptability Scale.Results:A four-class model identified by LPA was optimally selected:Class 1(high general mattering,low anti-mattering,low fear of not mattering),Class 2(moderate levels),Class 3(moderate general mattering,high antimattering,high fear of not mattering),and Class 4(low general mattering,low fear of not mattering,moderate anti-mattering).Significant differences were found among these classes in both PIU types(PSMU:F=139.66,p<0.001;PG:F=162.96,p<0.001).The pattern of mean differences consistently showed:Class 3>Class 2>Class 4>Class 1.Class 3 participants demonstrated the highest likelihood of meeting the addiction criteria,Class 2 showed moderate probability,while Classes 1 and 4 exhibited lower probabilities(χ^(2)=113.38 to 408.87,all p<0.001).Additionally,Class 3 reported the lowest adaptability(F=131.67,p<0.001).Conclusion:This study reveals that the unique influence of three ways of assessing feelings of mattering and the fear of not mattering on university students’PIU at the personal level,concluding that these factors are integral to understanding PIU among this demographic.
基金funded by Humanities and Social Sciences Foundation and Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NYY222055,NY224176)General Subject of Educational Science Planning in Jiangsu Province(C/2024/01/76)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62307025).
文摘Objectives:Teachers are facing unprecedented new challenges leading them to face an increasing number of tasks that are not part of their job,as well as having to cope with the additional skills acquisition that comes with non-traditional forms of teaching and learning,and increased work pressure leading to an increase in the rate of teachers leaving the profession.Therefore,this study aims to explore the mechanism of the career calling on job burnout through career adaptability and work engagement.Methods:This study conducted a cross-sectional survey of 465 primary and secondary school teachers(PSST)in China's Mainland from the perspective of work adjustment and used structural equation modeling(SEM)to examine the mediating roles of career adaptability and work engagement in the relationship between teachers’career calling and job burnout.Results:The results show that PSSTs are above average in career calling,career adaptability,and work engagement,while job burnout is below average.A significant positive or negative correlation exists between career calling,career adaptability,work engagement,and job burnout.The result of path analysis indicates that career adaptability and work engagement exert an indirect influence on the job burnout of PSST through three paths:namely,the independent intermediary role of career adaptability(EV=−0.144),the independent intermediary role of work engagement(EV=0.172)and the chain intermediary role of the two(EV=0.176).Conclusion:This study emphasizes the importance of career adaptability and work engagement in teacher development in regulating career calling and job burnout.Therefore,on the one hand,we think that if managers want to reduce teachers’job burnout,they need to pay more attention to teachers’career adaptability and work engagement,rather than relying solely on teachers’career calling.On the other hand,it is to remind teachers not to rely on their adjustment to adapt to the work,but also to need outside help as much as possible.
文摘The tropical roots and tuber crops (R and T) consist of cassava, sweet potato, yams, elephant foot yam, taro, tannia and a couple of minor tuber crops. Tropical tuber crops are the third most important food crops after cereals and pulses. These crops play a crucial role in providing food and nutritional security to the rural masses in Africa, Latin America and parts of Asia. Cassava and sweet potato rank among the top 10 food crops produced in developing countries and contribute to about 6% of world’s dietary calories. In India, tropical tubers are grown mostly in states like Odisha, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Bihar and North East covering 4.5% of the total area under vegetables with 5.7% of the total vegetable production. Low income farmers and most undernourished households in India depend on R and T crops. They value these crops for their high calorie and stable yields under conditions in which other crops may fail. Genetic diversity of major tropical tuber crops provides options for its diverse usage in “multicuisine”, “nutrition”, “feed”, health care” and renewable resources of processing firms. Water productivity is also higher, for example, to produce 1 kg of tubers, sweet potatoes require water (383 l), taro (606 l), yam (343 l), as compared to rice (1673 l), maize (1222 l), wheat (1827 l), etc. Tuber crops are one of most efficient producers of dry matter and edible energy. These crops have potential to reverse soil degradation. Cassava is already recognized as drought tolerant followed by yam. Tubers of taro, elephant foot yam and yams can be stored under zero energy conditions for 6 - 7 months unlike temperate potatoes in cold storage. The natural climatic resilience as well as inherent nutrition attributes, has been explored further. Such studies made these crops more robust to changing climate and as the source of nutrient enriched food bowls. Sweet potato variety Bhu Krishna is the first purple flesh variety in India containing (90 mg/100 g anthocyanin) coupled with starch 22% - 25%. Similarly, the orange flesh Bhu Sona containing beta carotene (14 mg/100 g) coupled with high starch 22% - 24% is the first variety having both high beta carotene and high starch. These varieties are tolerant to salinity and Bhu Krishna is resistant to weevil. Likewise, developed improved taro varieties resistant to biotic blight stress, tolerant to salinity and are enriched with micro nutrients. These improved varieties are used to breed the superior types further. All these climate resilient, nutritionally enriched varieties will have a greater impact on supplementing rainbow food for all. These can address the issues like “food insecurity”, “malnutrition”, diet related issue of mass consumers across the world. The analysis of innovations on enhancing adaptability, nutritional quality with a management matrix would help in strengthening future programme.
文摘This article employs a combined approach of biology and economics to reveal that biological evolution has an economic nature, evolving towards improved energy efficiency. The orthodox Darwinian theory of evolution describes evolution as the random variation of organisms and their survival through natural selection. In fact, the natural environment itself is a constantly changing context, and the strategy to adapt to this change is to enhance behavioral capabilities, thereby expanding the range and dimensions of behavior. Therefore, the improvement of behavioral capabilities is an important aspect of evolution. The enhancement of behavioral capabilities expands the range of adaptation to the natural environment and increases the space for behavioral choices. Within this space of behavioral choices, some options are more effective and superior to others;thus, the ability to select is necessary to make the improved behavioral capabilities more beneficial to the organism itself. The birth and development of the brain serve the purpose of selection. By using the brain to make selections, at least the “better” behavior will be chosen between two alternatives. Once the better behavior yields better results, and the organism can associate these results with the corresponding behavior, it will persist in this behavior. The persistent repetition of a behavior over generations will form a habit. Habits passed down through generations constitute a new environment, causing the organism’s genes to activate or deactivate certain functions, ultimately leading to genetic changes that are beneficial to that habit. Since the brain’s selection represents the organism’s self-selection, it differs from random variation;it is also a rational selection, choosing behaviors that either obtain more energy or reduce energy consumption. Thus, this evolution possesses an economic nature.
基金supported by the Key Core Technology Research Project for Mountainous Agriculture in Guizhou(GZNYGJHX-2023011)the Science and Technology Support Plan Project of Guizhou(2018-2797)+2 种基金the Major Special Project of Science and Technology Program in Guizhou(2017-5411-06)the Construction Project of State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control of China(2012FU125X13)the Construction Project of Modern Industry Technology system of traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials in Guizhou(GZCYTX-02).
文摘Increased soil erosion as a consequence of karst rocky desertification(KRD)reduces soil quality and plant diversity.Premna puberula Pamp.is a perennial understory shrub that can adapt to the harsh environment of KRD and has potential value for KRD environmental restoration.We measure morphological and photosynthetic characteristics,nutrient accumulation,and soil physical and chemical properties of two-year-old P.puberula planted in KRD habitat and non-rocky desertification areas,and investigate how it adapts to this habitat.In KRD areas,P.puberula reduces aboveground water loss by decreasing leaf area,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate,while increasing leaf thickness,root length and number,and increases belowground biomass to absorb more water and nutrients.In KRD areas,drought leads to decreased leaf water content,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,and chlorophyll content,and decreased photosynthetic rate.Soluble sugar and protein contents increase in KRD areas in response to water stress,but pectin and flavonoid contents decrease.Correlation analysis reveals that leaf area and thickness are important functional traits that affect leaf water content and photosynthesis.Totals of leaf carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus,along with C:N,C:P,and N:P ratios,are coupled with leaf photosynthetic characteristics and root development.Redundancy analysis reveals that available K and P,and total P,K,and N in soil mainly influence the differences in plant functional traits,explaining 95.8%,95.5%,91.1%,85.8%,and 74%of variation,respectively.We hypothesize that P.puberula reduces aboveground productivity to maintain its water balance,and acquires more water and nutrients by increasing belowground biomass.It indicates that this species adapts to arid KRD environments.
基金National Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(202312216029)2022 Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Anhui Province(S202212216122)+1 种基金Key Research Project of Natural Sciences in Universities of Anhui Province(2023AH051816)General Teaching Research Project of Anhui Province(2022jyxm665).
文摘In-depth research was conducted on the types,seasonal patterns,spatial levels,overwintering,summering,drought resistance,and disease and pest resistance of ornamental grasses in the road flower borders of Hefei,Anhui Province.Through field investigations,a total of 36 ornamental grasses were identified,with Liliaceae having the most species and the Lamiaceae the least.The results show that there are more warm season ornamental grasses,of 23 species;Acorus gramineus and Melinis minutiflora have poor overwintering ability;Arrhenatherum elatius,Festuca glauca,and Stipa tenuissima have poor summer tolerance;most ornamental grasses have strong drought resistance and resistance to pests and diseases.The comprehensive investigation shows that ornamental grasses have good application prospects and adaptability in the road flower borders in Hefei city.
文摘Sorghum is a versatile and resilient crop that’s been cultivated for thousands of years. It is known for its ability to thrive in hot, dry conditions and withstand periods of drought, making it an important food source in many parts of the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and phenotypic description of introduced sorghum varieties in the North West region of Cameroon. The experiment was conducted in 2024 at the experimental farm of the University of Bamenda and was laid down in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The treatments were five introduced varieties from Mali and two varieties collected from the Northern region of Cameroon. The descriptive analysis revealed the morphological variation among the varieties on the stem, leaves and panicles of the plant. The analysis of growth and yield parameters revealed significant variation among the traits estimated. The highest emergence percentage was (96.62%) recorded by Wassanio, highest plant height (185.7 cm) recorded by Doussousouma-Nio, highest number of leaves (14) given by White sorghum, highest leaves length (95.37 cm) obtained by white sorghum, highest number of tillers (0.625) expressed by Grinkan, highest plant circumference (9.65) given by white sorghum. Additionally, the top 3 high-yielding introduced sorghum varieties were Tiandougou Coura (10.35 t/ha), Wassanio (9.9 t/ha) and Doussousouma-Nio (8.4 t/ha). These introduced varieties could be recommended for multi trials evaluation and release process in the North West Region of the country. Whereas, the white sorghum collected from the Northern region of the country was not adapted to the North West region.
文摘BACKGROUND There is an increasingly strong demand for appearance and physical beauty in social life,marriage,and other aspects with the development of society and the improvement of material living standards.An increasing number of people have improved their appearance and physical shape through aesthetic plastic surgery.The female breast plays a significant role in physical beauty,and droopy or atrophied breasts can frequently lead to psychological inferiority and lack of confidence in women.This,in turn,can affect their mental health and quality of life.AIM To analyze preoperative and postoperative self-image pressure-level changes of autologous fat breast augmentation patients and their impact on social adaptability.METHODS We selected 160 patients who underwent autologous fat breast augmentation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 using random sampling method.The general information,selfimage pressure level,and social adaptability of the patients were investigated using a basic information survey,body image self-assessment scale,and social adaptability scale.The self-image pressure-level changes and their effects on the social adaptability of patients before and after autologous fat breast augmentation were analyzed.RESULTS We collected 142 valid questionnaires.The single-factor analysis results showed no statistically significant difference in the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score of patients with different ages,marital status,and monthly income.However,there were significant differences in social adaptability among patients with different education levels and employment statuses.The correlation analysis results revealed a significant correlation between the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score before and after surgery.Multiple factors analysis results showed that the degree of concern caused by appearance in selfimage pressure,the degree of possible behavioral intervention,the related distress caused by body image,and the influence of body image on social life influenced the social adaptability of autologous fat breast augmentation patients.CONCLUSION The self-image pressure on autologous fat breast augmentation patients is inversely proportional to their social adaptability.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0717900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62471251,62405144,62288102,22275098,and 62174089)+1 种基金Basic Research Program of Jiangsu(BK20240033,BK20243057)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2022ZB402).
文摘Recently,for developing neuromorphic visual systems,adaptive optoelectronic devices become one of the main research directions and attract extensive focus to achieve optoelectronic transistors with high performances and flexible func-tionalities.In this review,based on a description of the biological adaptive functions that are favorable for dynamically perceiv-ing,filtering,and processing information in the varying environment,we summarize the representative strategies for achiev-ing these adaptabilities in optoelectronic transistors,including the adaptation for detecting information,adaptive synaptic weight change,and history-dependent plasticity.Moreover,the key points of the corresponding strategies are comprehen-sively discussed.And the applications of these adaptive optoelectronic transistors,including the adaptive color detection,sig-nal filtering,extending the response range of light intensity,and improve learning efficiency,are also illustrated separately.Lastly,the challenges faced in developing adaptive optoelectronic transistor for artificial vision system are discussed.The descrip-tion of biological adaptive functions and the corresponding inspired neuromorphic devices are expected to provide insights for the design and application of next-generation artificial visual systems.
文摘Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons migrating to the granule cell layer and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inhibitory interneurons. The generation of these new neurons in the olfactory bulb supports both structural and functional plasticity, aiding in circuit remodeling triggered by memory and learning processes. However, the presence of these neurons, coupled with the cellular diversity within the olfactory bulb, presents an ongoing challenge in understanding its network organization and function. Moreover,the continuous integration of new neurons in the olfactory bulb plays a pivotal role in regulating olfactory information processing. This adaptive process responds to changes in epithelial composition and contributes to the formation of olfactory memories by modulating cellular connectivity within the olfactory bulb and interacting intricately with higher-order brain regions. The role of adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulb functions remains a topic of debate. Nevertheless, the functionality of the olfactory bulb is intricately linked to the organization of granule cells around mitral and tufted cells. This organizational pattern significantly impacts output, network behavior, and synaptic plasticity, which are crucial for olfactory perception and memory. Additionally, this organization is further shaped by axon terminals originating from cortical and subcortical regions. Despite the crucial role of olfactory bulb in brain functions and behaviors related to olfaction, these complex and highly interconnected processes have not been comprehensively studied as a whole. Therefore, this manuscript aims to discuss our current understanding and explore how neural plasticity and olfactory neurogenesis contribute to enhancing the adaptability of the olfactory system. These mechanisms are thought to support olfactory learning and memory, potentially through increased complexity and restructuring of neural network structures, as well as the addition of new granule granule cells that aid in olfactory adaptation. Additionally, the manuscript underscores the importance of employing precise methodologies to elucidate the specific roles of adult neurogenesis amidst conflicting data and varying experimental paradigms. Understanding these processes is essential for gaining insights into the complexities of olfactory function and behavior.
基金Ministry of Education’s Industry-Education Integration Collaborative Education Project(20190215009,202101023010)。
文摘This paper aims to explore effective strategies for overcoming the five core challenges currently faced by vocational education:challenges in defining the educational type,variations in the quality of incoming students and their learning abilities,the need to improve teaching quality and effectiveness,urgent requirements for optimizing the quality of teaching staff,and insufficient depth in the integration of industry and education.By analyzing the root causes of these challenges,this paper proposes a series of targeted strategies and measures.Taking the School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering at Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology as an example,the paper elaborates on how the school has significantly enhanced the adaptability and teaching quality of vocational education through precise positioning of vocational education types,strengthening the construction of teaching staff,optimizing teaching methods and content,and deepening the integration of industry and education.The research results indicate that these initiatives not only effectively address key issues in vocational education but also promote comprehensive improvements in students’overall qualities and employment competitiveness,providing valuable insights and practical references for advancing the high-quality development of vocational education.Furthermore,by introducing the practice of the School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering at Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology in tailoring vocational education development to local conditions,this paper validates the reliability and feasibility of the proposed solutions.
文摘The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a transformative pathway for climate change adaptation and peacebuilding, with emphasis on a holistic approach to managing resource conflicts and environmental challenges. This paper explores the synergies between emerging technologies and strategic framework to mitigate climate-induced tensions and foster resilience. It focuses on the application of renewable energy systems to reduce dependence on contested resources, blockchain technology to ensure transparency in climate finance, equitable resource allocation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance early warning systems for climate-related disaster and conflicts. Additionally, technologies such as precision agriculture and remote sensing empower communities to optimize resource use, adapt to shifting environmental conditions, and reduce competition over scares resources. These innovations with inclusive governance and local capacity-building are very primordial. Ultimately, the convergence of technology, policy, and local participation offers a scalable and replicable model for addressing the dual challenges of environmental degradation and instability, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and peaceful future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31901217)the Special Fund for Scientific Research of Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau(grant numbers G192422,G242414,and G242416).
文摘Understanding the ecological adaptation of tree species can not only reveal the evolutionary potential but also benefit biodiversity conservation under global climate change.Quercus is a keystone genus in Northern Hemisphere forests,and its wide distribution in diverse ecosystems and long evolutionary history make it an ideal model for studying the genomic basis of ecological adaptations.Here we used a newly sequenced genome of Quercus gilva,an evergreen oak species from East Asia,with 18 published Fagales genomes to determine how Fagaceae genomes have evolved,identify genomic footprints of ecological adaptability in oaks in general,as well as between evergreen and deciduous oaks.We found that oak species exhibited a higher degree of genomic conservation and stability,as indicated by the absence of large-scale chromosomal structural variations or additional whole-genome duplication events.In addition,we identified expansion and tandem repetitions within gene families that contribute to plant physical and chemical defense(e.g.,cuticle biosynthesis and oxidosqualene cyclase genes),which may represent the foundation for the ecological adaptation of oak species.Circadian rhythm and hormone-related genes may regulate the habits of evergreen and deciduous oaks.This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the ecological adaptations of tree species based on phylogenetic,genome evolutionary,and functional genomic analyses.
文摘The paper proposes a method for solving the problem of synthesis of an adaptive control system for unstable and deterministic chaotic processes in the class of‘dovetail’catastrophes for objects with m-inputs and n-outputs.The synthesis problem is solved by the gradient-velocity method of Lyapunov vector functions.From the conditions of the aperiodic robust stability of the etalon model with the desired dynamics of the main control loop and the generalised configurable object,the control goal is achieved.One of the most promising ways of solving the problem of managing unstable and deterministic chaotic processes is the synthesis of a control system in the class of‘swallowtail’catastrophes and the use of adaptation methods.Selecting and studying a reference model,and employing the gradient-velocity method for a generalised configurable control object ensure robust stability,utilise current information effectively,and achieve desired system quality and management goals.
文摘Managing sensitive data in dynamic and high-stakes environments,such as healthcare,requires access control frameworks that offer real-time adaptability,scalability,and regulatory compliance.BIG-ABAC introduces a transformative approach to Attribute-Based Access Control(ABAC)by integrating real-time policy evaluation and contextual adaptation.Unlike traditional ABAC systems that rely on static policies,BIG-ABAC dynamically updates policies in response to evolving rules and real-time contextual attributes,ensuring precise and efficient access control.Leveraging decision trees evaluated in real-time,BIG-ABAC overcomes the limitations of conventional access control models,enabling seamless adaptation to complex,high-demand scenarios.The framework adheres to the NIST ABAC standard while incorporating modern distributed streaming technologies to enhance scalability and traceability.Its flexible policy enforcement mechanisms facilitate the implementation of regulatory requirements such as HIPAA and GDPR,allowing organizations to align access control policies with compliance needs dynamically.Performance evaluations demonstrate that BIG-ABAC processes 95% of access requests within 50 ms and updates policies dynamically with a latency of 30 ms,significantly outperforming traditional ABAC models.These results establish BIG-ABAC as a benchmark for adaptive,scalable,and context-aware access control,making it an ideal solution for dynamic,high-risk domains such as healthcare,smart cities,and Industrial IoT(IIoT).
文摘This study examines the role adaptation of rural primary school teachers through a literature review,summarizing the current research on general practice teachers and identifying emerging trends.Interviews were conducted with four rural primary school teachers,revealing key challenges:an incomplete understanding of their responsibilities as head teachers,a lack of theoretical and practical guidance in their role as learners,and insufficient research skills in their role as researchers.To address these issues,the study recommends reducing the number of subjects taught by general practice teachers in rural primary schools and providing targeted training,strengthening professional guidance and improving compensation,offering high-quality learning resources and encouraging further education,and establishing educational alliances to enhance teachers’research capabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42130608 and 42075142)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0608000)the CUIT Science and Technology Innovation Capacity Enhancement Program Project(Grant No.KYTD202330)。
文摘Existing traditional ocean vertical-mixing schemes are empirically developed without a thorough understanding of the physical processes involved,resulting in a discrepancy between the parameterization and forecast results.The uncertainty in ocean-mixing parameterization is primarily responsible for the bias in ocean models.Benefiting from deep-learning technology,we design the Adaptive Fully Connected Module with an Inception module as the baseline to minimize bias.It adaptively extracts the best features through fully connected layers with different widths,and better learns the nonlinear relationship between input variables and parameterization fields.Moreover,to obtain more accurate results,we impose KPP(K-Profile Parameterization)and PP(Pacanowski–Philander)schemes as physical constraints to make the network parameterization process follow the basic physical laws more closely.Since model data are calculated with human experience,lacking some unknown physical processes,which may differ from the actual data,we use a decade-long time record of hydrological and turbulence observations in the tropical Pacific Ocean as training data.Combining physical constraints and a nonlinear activation function,our method catches its nonlinear change and better adapts to the oceanmixing parameterization process.The use of physical constraints can improve the final results.
