This study aimed to understand disruptive thinking and how its ideas can change the food industry. This was achieved by identifying, studying, and understanding the impacts, current trends, and different disruptive id...This study aimed to understand disruptive thinking and how its ideas can change the food industry. This was achieved by identifying, studying, and understanding the impacts, current trends, and different disruptive ideas and innovations emerging in the food industry. The study was conducted through interpretive research philosophy by carrying out secondary data collection processes, where both qualitative and quantitative information was presented. Deductive approaches were also selected to apply existing theories and models, which were used to construct research hypotheses and present detailed findings. The study finds that, with disruptive thinking, enhancements in the product life cycle, new flavors, and improvements in food packaging have been possible. The supply chain, which is always considered a complex part of the food industry, has been streamlined, offering greater transparency and real-time tracking and improving quality control across distribution systems.展开更多
目的利用知识图谱的语义信息和结构化优势,构建基于食品安全标准及HACCP规范的知识图谱问答系统可为全产业链的食品安全控制提供精准、快速的问题解答。方法在从多个数据源中获得大量食品安全标准及HACCP规范文件的基础上,利用知识图谱...目的利用知识图谱的语义信息和结构化优势,构建基于食品安全标准及HACCP规范的知识图谱问答系统可为全产业链的食品安全控制提供精准、快速的问题解答。方法在从多个数据源中获得大量食品安全标准及HACCP规范文件的基础上,利用知识图谱技术(Knowledge Graph,KG)进行信息提取及层次分析,将数据存储在Neo4j中,采用Flask Web框架构建食品安全标准及HACCP规范的知识图谱问答系统。结果以肉类全产业链的食品安全管控为例,实现了对肉制品全链条的安全标准及推荐的关键控制点(Critical Control Point,CCP)信息的知识问答可视化。结论研究可为企业进行食品安全风险的精准防控提供参考依据。展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the presence and antibiogram pattern of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in retail poultry meat products.Methods:Foodborne pathogens(Salmonella and S.aureus)were isolated from poultr...Objective:To evaluate the presence and antibiogram pattern of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in retail poultry meat products.Methods:Foodborne pathogens(Salmonella and S.aureus)were isolated from poultry meat and confirmed with the help of biochemical and immunological test.Antibiogram of the isolates were examined by following CLS1 methods.Results:A total number of 209 poultry meat samples were collected and studied in this study.Out of which,5.26%were found contaminated with Salmonella while 18.18%were found contaminated with S.aureus.All the Salmonella and S.aureus isolates were found resistant to at least one antibiotic.About 72.72%of the Salmonella isolates showed resistance to tetracycline,while S.aureus isolates were also found highly resistant to tetracycline equal to 44.73%.One of the Salmonella isolates showed multi-drug resistance to almost six antibiotics out of nine antibiotics used in the study.Multidrug resistant S.aureus isolates were also found in the study.Conclusions:The study confirmed the presence of Salmonella and S.aureus in retail poultry meat.It is a potential threat to consumer health.To reduce the risk of contamination,good hygiene practices are necessary from processing to storage.展开更多
This study investigates the tenderizing effects of bromelain extract (BE) obtained from the top phase of an aqueous two-phase system comprising of 18% PEG 6000–17% MgSO4 in muscle foods. Uniform-sized chunks of beef,...This study investigates the tenderizing effects of bromelain extract (BE) obtained from the top phase of an aqueous two-phase system comprising of 18% PEG 6000–17% MgSO4 in muscle foods. Uniform-sized chunks of beef, chicken, and squid were marinated with different concentrations of BE (0, 3, 7%, and 20%, w/w) for 1 h at room temperature. The physico-chemical and quality characteristics of the marinated samples were determined. Decreases in pH and moisture content were observed in the samples BE treated, but the TCA-soluble peptides content significantly increased (p < 0.05). Water holding capacity and cooking yields were observed in all of the tested samples, especially when the concentration of BE increased. In addition, a reduction of meat firmness and toughness were also observed in all of the samples when compared to the control (p < 0.05). Electrophoretic patterns also revealed extensive proteolysis and a reduction in number and intensity of the protein bands in all of the treated samples. At the microstructural level, tissue fibers were broken, cell membranes were more strongly degraded, the connections between the sarcolemma and the myofibrils were disappeared, and the generation of numerous gaps could be clearly observed when 20% (w/w) BE was added. The results show that the bromelain extract derived from the two-phase extraction of a pineapple peel could be used as an effective meat tenderizer.展开更多
The environmental implications of cultured meat are profound. An anticipatory life cycle assessment of cultured meat published in 2011 suggested it could have a smaller impact than agricultural meat in all categories ...The environmental implications of cultured meat are profound. An anticipatory life cycle assessment of cultured meat published in 2011 suggested it could have a smaller impact than agricultural meat in all categories except energy consumption. As with most technologies, cultured meat will almost certainly be accompanied by unintended consequences as well as unforeseen costs and benefits that accrue disproportionately to different stakeholders. Uncertainty associated with new engineered products cannot be completely eliminated prior to introduction, but ongoing environmental assessments of the technologies as they advance can serve to reduce unforeseen risks. Given the pace at which tissue engineering is advancing, systemic assessments of the technology will be pivotal in mitigating unintended environmental consequences.展开更多
Two real-time PCR methods for the relative quantitation of DNA from meat species in food samples are described: these methods are applicable for horse in processed beef meat products, and pork in raw/processed beef me...Two real-time PCR methods for the relative quantitation of DNA from meat species in food samples are described: these methods are applicable for horse in processed beef meat products, and pork in raw/processed beef meat products. Test samples were prepared using raw meat admixtures or processed horse/pork in beef food products made to an industry-standard recipe. The methods were subjected to single laboratory method validation, evaluating the performance characteristics of specificity, PCR efficiency and r-squared (r<sup>2</sup>), Limit of Detection (LOD), Limit of Quantitation (LOQ), and precision and trueness. A limited UK-based inter-laboratory trial of the two methods was completed involving four participating laboratories. Full statistical analysis of the data qualified the applicability of the methods for accurate and sensitive trace-level analysis. The methods were deemed fit for purpose for reproducibly distinguishing between adventitious contamination at 0.1% (w/w), the level for further enforcement action at 1% (w/w), and a level representative of deliberate economically motivated adulteration (10% (w/w)). The data provided evidence that the precision of the two methods was applicable for qualitative and quantitative detection at topically important levels of adulteration. This work has added significant value to the current state of the art in quantitative determination of topical meat species adulteration, allowing analysts to distinguish between adventitious contamination and deliberate adulteration. The resulting methods described in this paper can easily be deployed and used by analytical laboratories for controls and due-diligence testing based on standard laboratory equipment.展开更多
[Objective] To analyze and compare the heavy metal inspection results of different livestock and poultry meat from different farms,wholesale markets,farmers' markets and supermarkets in different areas of China,in...[Objective] To analyze and compare the heavy metal inspection results of different livestock and poultry meat from different farms,wholesale markets,farmers' markets and supermarkets in different areas of China,in order to evaluate the health risks of livestock and poultry meat.[Method] A total of 10 500 samples of 5 kinds of livestock and poultry meat were collected in North China,Northeast China,East China,Central China,South China,Southwest China and Northwest China during 2015-2017.The samples were analyzed and evaluated with the method of index of food safety( IFS).[Result]the average over-standard rates of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in samples were 1.10%-2.48%,0.67%-2.48%,1.00%-2.57%,0.81%-1.43% and 0.43%-1.00%,respectively,and the index of food safety was less than 1.The pollution levels of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in livestock and poultry meat in Southwest China were higher than those in other areas,while the pollution of As in Northeast China was severer than that in other areas.The order of IFS values of different heavy metals in different livestock and poultry meat was the same.[Conclusion] The index of food safety showed that the risk of heavy metal pollution in livestock and poultry meat did not exceed the acceptable limit.展开更多
Background: During the nutrition transition period which began in the early 1990s in Vietnam, dietary intake had been changed significantly because of changes in lifestyle and living standard. Objectives: This paper a...Background: During the nutrition transition period which began in the early 1990s in Vietnam, dietary intake had been changed significantly because of changes in lifestyle and living standard. Objectives: This paper aims to describe the trend for food expenditure and the frequency of meat consumption in households in Ba Vi district, Hanoi, Vietnam from 1999 to 2013. Methods: This is a longitudinal study conducted in Ba Vi district, Hanoi. Semi-annual, face-to face interviews were conducted by well-trained interviewers with 11,922 households to collect data of the household’s income, spending for food and meat consumption. Chi-square test for trend was performed to evaluate the changes of food expenditure over the years. P-value under 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were ten times increase in household’s mean income and five times increase in mean food expenditure from 1999 to 2013. The percentage of household food expenditure per total family expenditure was really high (55% in 2013). The percentage of rice expenditure per total food expenditure decreased dramatically from 59.9% in 1999 to 33.1% in 2013 while spending for other animal-based, high-protein food was an upward trend, particularly meat (10.7% in 1999 to 24.2% in 2013). The percentage of rice expenditure in well-off households was lower than poor households (55% vs. 61.8% in 1999 and 31.4% vs. 36.5% in 2013). However, the percentage of spending for meat in well-off households were much higher than that of poor households (>10%). Conclusion: Our finding indicated that mean income and food expenditure, particularly meat intake, of households had increased dramatically from 1999 to 2013. The increase of meat intake requires reallocation and direction of Vietnam public health funding and strategy.展开更多
Mountain farming provides high-quality food products due to the peculiar characteristics of the raw materials combined with traditional processing conditions. However, these products and their intrinsic characteristic...Mountain farming provides high-quality food products due to the peculiar characteristics of the raw materials combined with traditional processing conditions. However, these products and their intrinsic characteristics are not clearly recognized by consumers on the market. Nowadays, Protected Designation of Origin(PDO), Protected Geographical Indication(PGI) and Traditional Specialities Guaranteed(TSG) certifications include products originating in mountain areas, even if a large part of mountain foodstuff is not protected by these certifications and foods not made in mountain areas are often labeled as ―mountain food products‖. For this reason, the European Union has set a specific Regulation in 2012 to recognize and protect mountain food and to make the consumers safer about the origin information. The objective of this paper is twofold: firstly, it presents the recent aspects related to European legislation of mountain food product; secondly, it aims at reviewing the main features of nutritional quality and technology of dairy and meat products, as the most widespread mountain food products, and the main protocols used to evaluate the authenticity of these food products. The promotion of mountain food product through a specific label and the use of tracing methods, which are able to verify the authenticity of the origin of these products, may play a pivotal role in increasing the consumer‘s loyalty towards these products and could be a way to boost a sustainable development of these economically marginal rural areas. However, the analytical protocols developed so far(stable isotopes, macro and microelements, radionuclides, spectroscopic, molecular techniques, volatile substances profile, terpenes) are in many cases still at the experimental level due to the extreme variability of the mountain origin of the products to be tested.展开更多
文摘This study aimed to understand disruptive thinking and how its ideas can change the food industry. This was achieved by identifying, studying, and understanding the impacts, current trends, and different disruptive ideas and innovations emerging in the food industry. The study was conducted through interpretive research philosophy by carrying out secondary data collection processes, where both qualitative and quantitative information was presented. Deductive approaches were also selected to apply existing theories and models, which were used to construct research hypotheses and present detailed findings. The study finds that, with disruptive thinking, enhancements in the product life cycle, new flavors, and improvements in food packaging have been possible. The supply chain, which is always considered a complex part of the food industry, has been streamlined, offering greater transparency and real-time tracking and improving quality control across distribution systems.
文摘目的利用知识图谱的语义信息和结构化优势,构建基于食品安全标准及HACCP规范的知识图谱问答系统可为全产业链的食品安全控制提供精准、快速的问题解答。方法在从多个数据源中获得大量食品安全标准及HACCP规范文件的基础上,利用知识图谱技术(Knowledge Graph,KG)进行信息提取及层次分析,将数据存储在Neo4j中,采用Flask Web框架构建食品安全标准及HACCP规范的知识图谱问答系统。结果以肉类全产业链的食品安全管控为例,实现了对肉制品全链条的安全标准及推荐的关键控制点(Critical Control Point,CCP)信息的知识问答可视化。结论研究可为企业进行食品安全风险的精准防控提供参考依据。
基金Supported by University of Balochistan,Quetta,Pakistan(award letter:No.Reg/133/08)the Asian Institute of Technology,Thailand
文摘Objective:To evaluate the presence and antibiogram pattern of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in retail poultry meat products.Methods:Foodborne pathogens(Salmonella and S.aureus)were isolated from poultry meat and confirmed with the help of biochemical and immunological test.Antibiogram of the isolates were examined by following CLS1 methods.Results:A total number of 209 poultry meat samples were collected and studied in this study.Out of which,5.26%were found contaminated with Salmonella while 18.18%were found contaminated with S.aureus.All the Salmonella and S.aureus isolates were found resistant to at least one antibiotic.About 72.72%of the Salmonella isolates showed resistance to tetracycline,while S.aureus isolates were also found highly resistant to tetracycline equal to 44.73%.One of the Salmonella isolates showed multi-drug resistance to almost six antibiotics out of nine antibiotics used in the study.Multidrug resistant S.aureus isolates were also found in the study.Conclusions:The study confirmed the presence of Salmonella and S.aureus in retail poultry meat.It is a potential threat to consumer health.To reduce the risk of contamination,good hygiene practices are necessary from processing to storage.
文摘This study investigates the tenderizing effects of bromelain extract (BE) obtained from the top phase of an aqueous two-phase system comprising of 18% PEG 6000–17% MgSO4 in muscle foods. Uniform-sized chunks of beef, chicken, and squid were marinated with different concentrations of BE (0, 3, 7%, and 20%, w/w) for 1 h at room temperature. The physico-chemical and quality characteristics of the marinated samples were determined. Decreases in pH and moisture content were observed in the samples BE treated, but the TCA-soluble peptides content significantly increased (p < 0.05). Water holding capacity and cooking yields were observed in all of the tested samples, especially when the concentration of BE increased. In addition, a reduction of meat firmness and toughness were also observed in all of the samples when compared to the control (p < 0.05). Electrophoretic patterns also revealed extensive proteolysis and a reduction in number and intensity of the protein bands in all of the treated samples. At the microstructural level, tissue fibers were broken, cell membranes were more strongly degraded, the connections between the sarcolemma and the myofibrils were disappeared, and the generation of numerous gaps could be clearly observed when 20% (w/w) BE was added. The results show that the bromelain extract derived from the two-phase extraction of a pineapple peel could be used as an effective meat tenderizer.
基金possible by the generous financial support of the Lincoln Center for Applied Ethics at Arizona State University and the Graduate College at Arizona State University, USA
文摘The environmental implications of cultured meat are profound. An anticipatory life cycle assessment of cultured meat published in 2011 suggested it could have a smaller impact than agricultural meat in all categories except energy consumption. As with most technologies, cultured meat will almost certainly be accompanied by unintended consequences as well as unforeseen costs and benefits that accrue disproportionately to different stakeholders. Uncertainty associated with new engineered products cannot be completely eliminated prior to introduction, but ongoing environmental assessments of the technologies as they advance can serve to reduce unforeseen risks. Given the pace at which tissue engineering is advancing, systemic assessments of the technology will be pivotal in mitigating unintended environmental consequences.
文摘Two real-time PCR methods for the relative quantitation of DNA from meat species in food samples are described: these methods are applicable for horse in processed beef meat products, and pork in raw/processed beef meat products. Test samples were prepared using raw meat admixtures or processed horse/pork in beef food products made to an industry-standard recipe. The methods were subjected to single laboratory method validation, evaluating the performance characteristics of specificity, PCR efficiency and r-squared (r<sup>2</sup>), Limit of Detection (LOD), Limit of Quantitation (LOQ), and precision and trueness. A limited UK-based inter-laboratory trial of the two methods was completed involving four participating laboratories. Full statistical analysis of the data qualified the applicability of the methods for accurate and sensitive trace-level analysis. The methods were deemed fit for purpose for reproducibly distinguishing between adventitious contamination at 0.1% (w/w), the level for further enforcement action at 1% (w/w), and a level representative of deliberate economically motivated adulteration (10% (w/w)). The data provided evidence that the precision of the two methods was applicable for qualitative and quantitative detection at topically important levels of adulteration. This work has added significant value to the current state of the art in quantitative determination of topical meat species adulteration, allowing analysts to distinguish between adventitious contamination and deliberate adulteration. The resulting methods described in this paper can easily be deployed and used by analytical laboratories for controls and due-diligence testing based on standard laboratory equipment.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1601800)
文摘[Objective] To analyze and compare the heavy metal inspection results of different livestock and poultry meat from different farms,wholesale markets,farmers' markets and supermarkets in different areas of China,in order to evaluate the health risks of livestock and poultry meat.[Method] A total of 10 500 samples of 5 kinds of livestock and poultry meat were collected in North China,Northeast China,East China,Central China,South China,Southwest China and Northwest China during 2015-2017.The samples were analyzed and evaluated with the method of index of food safety( IFS).[Result]the average over-standard rates of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in samples were 1.10%-2.48%,0.67%-2.48%,1.00%-2.57%,0.81%-1.43% and 0.43%-1.00%,respectively,and the index of food safety was less than 1.The pollution levels of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in livestock and poultry meat in Southwest China were higher than those in other areas,while the pollution of As in Northeast China was severer than that in other areas.The order of IFS values of different heavy metals in different livestock and poultry meat was the same.[Conclusion] The index of food safety showed that the risk of heavy metal pollution in livestock and poultry meat did not exceed the acceptable limit.
文摘Background: During the nutrition transition period which began in the early 1990s in Vietnam, dietary intake had been changed significantly because of changes in lifestyle and living standard. Objectives: This paper aims to describe the trend for food expenditure and the frequency of meat consumption in households in Ba Vi district, Hanoi, Vietnam from 1999 to 2013. Methods: This is a longitudinal study conducted in Ba Vi district, Hanoi. Semi-annual, face-to face interviews were conducted by well-trained interviewers with 11,922 households to collect data of the household’s income, spending for food and meat consumption. Chi-square test for trend was performed to evaluate the changes of food expenditure over the years. P-value under 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were ten times increase in household’s mean income and five times increase in mean food expenditure from 1999 to 2013. The percentage of household food expenditure per total family expenditure was really high (55% in 2013). The percentage of rice expenditure per total food expenditure decreased dramatically from 59.9% in 1999 to 33.1% in 2013 while spending for other animal-based, high-protein food was an upward trend, particularly meat (10.7% in 1999 to 24.2% in 2013). The percentage of rice expenditure in well-off households was lower than poor households (55% vs. 61.8% in 1999 and 31.4% vs. 36.5% in 2013). However, the percentage of spending for meat in well-off households were much higher than that of poor households (>10%). Conclusion: Our finding indicated that mean income and food expenditure, particularly meat intake, of households had increased dramatically from 1999 to 2013. The increase of meat intake requires reallocation and direction of Vietnam public health funding and strategy.
基金supported with funding from the Department of AgriculturalFood and Environmental Sciences(D3A)–Polytechnic University of Marche+1 种基金the Faculty of Science and Technology,Free University of Bolzanothe Chemical Safety Department,the Experimental Station for the Food Preserving Industry(SSICA)
文摘Mountain farming provides high-quality food products due to the peculiar characteristics of the raw materials combined with traditional processing conditions. However, these products and their intrinsic characteristics are not clearly recognized by consumers on the market. Nowadays, Protected Designation of Origin(PDO), Protected Geographical Indication(PGI) and Traditional Specialities Guaranteed(TSG) certifications include products originating in mountain areas, even if a large part of mountain foodstuff is not protected by these certifications and foods not made in mountain areas are often labeled as ―mountain food products‖. For this reason, the European Union has set a specific Regulation in 2012 to recognize and protect mountain food and to make the consumers safer about the origin information. The objective of this paper is twofold: firstly, it presents the recent aspects related to European legislation of mountain food product; secondly, it aims at reviewing the main features of nutritional quality and technology of dairy and meat products, as the most widespread mountain food products, and the main protocols used to evaluate the authenticity of these food products. The promotion of mountain food product through a specific label and the use of tracing methods, which are able to verify the authenticity of the origin of these products, may play a pivotal role in increasing the consumer‘s loyalty towards these products and could be a way to boost a sustainable development of these economically marginal rural areas. However, the analytical protocols developed so far(stable isotopes, macro and microelements, radionuclides, spectroscopic, molecular techniques, volatile substances profile, terpenes) are in many cases still at the experimental level due to the extreme variability of the mountain origin of the products to be tested.
