Plasmonic nanoantennas provide unique opportunities for precise control of light–matter coupling in surface-enhanced infrared absorption(SEIRA)spectroscopy,but most of the resonant systems realized so far suffer from...Plasmonic nanoantennas provide unique opportunities for precise control of light–matter coupling in surface-enhanced infrared absorption(SEIRA)spectroscopy,but most of the resonant systems realized so far suffer from the obstacles of low sensitivity,narrow bandwidth,and asymmetric Fano resonance perturbations.Here,we demonstrated an overcoupled resonator with a high plasmon-molecule coupling coefficient(μ)(OC-Hμresonator)by precisely controlling the radiation loss channel,the resonator-oscillator coupling channel,and the frequency detuning channel.We observed a strong dependence of the sensing performance on the coupling state,and demonstrated that OC-Hμresonator has excellent sensing properties of ultra-sensitive(7.25%nm^(−1)),ultra-broadband(3–10μm),and immune asymmetric Fano lineshapes.These characteristics represent a breakthrough in SEIRA technology and lay the foundation for specific recognition of biomolecules,trace detection,and protein secondary structure analysis using a single array(array size is 100×100μm^(2)).In addition,with the assistance of machine learning,mixture classification,concentration prediction and spectral reconstruction were achieved with the highest accuracy of 100%.Finally,we demonstrated the potential of OC-Hμresonator for SARS-CoV-2 detection.These findings will promote the wider application of SEIRA technology,while providing new ideas for other enhanced spectroscopy technologies,quantum photonics and studying light–matter interactions.展开更多
Catalyst–support interaction plays a crucial role in improving the catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Here we modulate the catalyst–support interaction in polyaniline-supported Ni_(3)Fe oxide(Ni_(3...Catalyst–support interaction plays a crucial role in improving the catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Here we modulate the catalyst–support interaction in polyaniline-supported Ni_(3)Fe oxide(Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI)with a robust hetero-interface,which significantly improves oxygen evolution activities with an overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and specific activity of 2.08 mA cm_(ECSA)^(-2)at overpotential of 300 mV,3.84-fold that of Ni_(3)Fe oxide.It is revealed that the catalyst–support interaction between Ni_(3)Fe oxide and PANI support enhances the Ni–O covalency via the interfacial Ni–N bond,thus promoting the charge and mass transfer on Ni_(3)Fe oxide.Considering the excellent activity and stability,rechargeable Zn-air batteries with optimum Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI are assembled,delivering a low charge voltage of 1.95 V to cycle for 400 h at 10 mA cm^(-2).The regulation of the effect of catalyst–support interaction on catalytic activity provides new possibilities for the future design of highly efficient OER catalysts.展开更多
The primary mechanism of secondary injury after cerebral ischemia may be the brain inflammation that emerges after an ischemic stroke,which promotes neuronal death and inhibits nerve tissue regeneration.As the first i...The primary mechanism of secondary injury after cerebral ischemia may be the brain inflammation that emerges after an ischemic stroke,which promotes neuronal death and inhibits nerve tissue regeneration.As the first immune cells to be activated after an ischemic stroke,microglia play an important immunomodulatory role in the progression of the condition.After an ischemic stroke,peripheral blood immune cells(mainly T cells)are recruited to the central nervous system by chemokines secreted by immune cells in the brain,where they interact with central nervous system cells(mainly microglia)to trigger a secondary neuroimmune response.This review summarizes the interactions between T cells and microglia in the immune-inflammatory processes of ischemic stroke.We found that,during ischemic stroke,T cells and microglia demonstrate a more pronounced synergistic effect.Th1,Th17,and M1 microglia can co-secrete proinflammatory factors,such as interferon-γ,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-1β,to promote neuroinflammation and exacerbate brain injury.Th2,Treg,and M2 microglia jointly secrete anti-inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-4,interleukin-10,and transforming growth factor-β,to inhibit the progression of neuroinflammation,as well as growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor to promote nerve regeneration and repair brain injury.Immune interactions between microglia and T cells influence the direction of the subsequent neuroinflammation,which in turn determines the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients.Clinical trials have been conducted on the ways to modulate the interactions between T cells and microglia toward anti-inflammatory communication using the immunosuppressant fingolimod or overdosing with Treg cells to promote neural tissue repair and reduce the damage caused by ischemic stroke.However,such studies have been relatively infrequent,and clinical experience is still insufficient.In summary,in ischemic stroke,T cell subsets and activated microglia act synergistically to regulate inflammatory progression,mainly by secreting inflammatory factors.In the future,a key research direction for ischemic stroke treatment could be rooted in the enhancement of anti-inflammatory factor secretion by promoting the generation of Th2 and Treg cells,along with the activation of M2-type microglia.These approaches may alleviate neuroinflammation and facilitate the repair of neural tissues.展开更多
This article describes a pilot study aiming at generating social interactions between a humanoid robot and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), through the practice of a gesture imitation game. The partici...This article describes a pilot study aiming at generating social interactions between a humanoid robot and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), through the practice of a gesture imitation game. The participants were a 17-year-old young lady with ASD and intellectual deficit, and a control participant: a preadolescent with ASD but no intellectual deficit (Asperger syndrome). The game is comprised of four phases: greetings, pairing, imitation, and closing. Field educators were involved, playing specific roles: visual or physical inciter. The use of a robot allows for catching the participants’ attention, playing the imitation game for a longer period of time than with a human partner, and preventing the game partner’s negative facial expressions resulting from tiredness, impatience, or boredom. The participants’ behavior was observed in terms of initial approach towards the robot, positioning relative to the robot in terms of distance and orientation, reactions to the robot’s voice or moves, signs of happiness, and imitation attempts. Results suggest a more and more natural approach towards the robot during the sessions, as well as a higher level of social interaction, based on the variations of the parameters listed above. We use these preliminary results to draw the next steps of our research work as well as identify further perspectives, with this aim in mind: improving social interactions with adolescents with ASD and intellectual deficit, allowing for better integration of these people into our societies.展开更多
Deficiency or restriction of Zn absorption in soils is one of the most common micronutrients deficient in cereal plants. To investigate critical micronutrient interaction in zinc deficiency and zinc sufficient in soil...Deficiency or restriction of Zn absorption in soils is one of the most common micronutrients deficient in cereal plants. To investigate critical micronutrient interaction in zinc deficiency and zinc sufficient in soil, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was conducted in 2023. Six wheat cultivars with different Zn efficiency were used. The cultivars were grown under Zn deficiency and adequate conditions. Results showed that in Zn deficiency conditions, with increasing Zn concentration in the roots, Fe concentrations were increased too, while the Cu and Mn concentrations decreased. In the same condition and with increasing Zn concentration in shoots, the concentrations of Fe and Mn decreased, while Cu were increased. However, by increasing Zn concentration, Fe, Cu, and Mn concentrations were increased in Zn deficiency condition in grains, as well as Zn sufficient conditions. RST (root to shoot micronutrient translocation) comparison of cultivars showed that in lack of Zn, the ability of translocation of Zn, Fe, and Mn in Zn-inefficient cultivar from root to shoot was higher than inefficient cultivar. In the same conditions, the capability of Zn-inefficient cultivar in Cu translocation from root to shoot was lower than other cultivars. In general, it seems that in Zn deficiency conditions, there are antagonistic effects among Zn, Cu and Mn and synergistic effects between Zn and Fe in the root. Also, in Zn sufficient conditions, there were synergistic effects among all studies micronutrients which include Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn.展开更多
The concept of neuroimmune interactions has shown significant advancements over the years. Modern research has revealed many areas of connection between fields, which were previously viewed as distinct disciplines. Fo...The concept of neuroimmune interactions has shown significant advancements over the years. Modern research has revealed many areas of connection between fields, which were previously viewed as distinct disciplines. For example, the nervous system can sense changes in the external environment and convey these changes through molecules and mediators with receptors in the immune system to modulate immune responses. Neuromediators can act on different receptors in the same group of cells, producing antipodal effects. Identification of the anti-inflammatory role of glucocorticoids highlighted that the body functions properly in an integrated manner. These interactions and crosstalk are not unidirectional, as the immune system can also influence various aspects of the nervous system, such as synaptic plasticity and fever. Strict integration of neuro-immuno-endocrine circuits is indispensable for homeostasis. Understanding these circuits and molecules can lead to advances in the understanding of various immune diseases, which will offer promising therapeutic options.展开更多
Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emp...Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.展开更多
This study addresses security and ethical challenges in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems, as exemplified in a blockchain fraud detection case study. Leveraging blockchain’s secure architecture, the framework involves sp...This study addresses security and ethical challenges in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems, as exemplified in a blockchain fraud detection case study. Leveraging blockchain’s secure architecture, the framework involves specialized LLM Agents—ContractMining, Investigative, Ethics, and PerformanceMonitor, coordinated by a ManagerAgent. Baseline LLM models achieved 30% accuracy with a threshold method and 94% accuracy with a random-forest method. The Claude 3.5-powered LLM system reached an accuracy of 92%. Ethical evaluations revealed biases, highlighting the need for fairness-focused refinements. Our approach aims to develop trustworthy and reliable networks of agents capable of functioning even in adversarial environments. To our knowledge, no existing systems employ ethical LLM agents specifically designed to detect fraud, making this a novel contribution. Future work will focus on refining ethical frameworks, scaling the system, and benchmarking it against traditional methods to establish a robust, adaptable, and ethically grounded solution for blockchain fraud detection.展开更多
Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autoph...Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis,and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors.In contrast to targeting protein activity,intervention with proteinprotein interaction(PPI)can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways.Methods:Here,we employed Naive Bayes,Decision Tree,and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI network associated with autophagy in TNBC,aiming to uncover novel therapeutic targets.Meanwhile,the candidate proteins interacting with Beclin 2 were initially screened in MDA-MB-231 cells using Beclin 2 as bait protein by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay,and the interaction relationship was verified by molecular docking and CO-IP experiments after intersection.Colony formation,cellular immunofluorescence,cell scratch and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)tests were used to predict the clinical therapeutic effects of manipulating candidate PPI.Results:By developing three PPI classification models and analyzing over 13,000 datasets,we identified 3733 previously unknown autophagy-related PPIs.Our network analysis revealed the central role of Beclin 2 in autophagy regulation,uncovering its interactions with 39 newly identified proteins.Notably,the CO-IP studies identified the substantial interaction between Beclin 2 and Ubiquilin 1,which was anticipated by our model and discovered in immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay results.Subsequently,in vitro investigations showed that overexpressing Beclin 2 increased Ubiquilin 1,promoted autophagy-dependent cell death,and inhibited proliferation and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusions:This study not only enhances our understanding of autophagy regulation in TNBC but also identifies the Beclin 2-Ubiquilin 1 axis as a promising target for precision therapy.These findings open new avenues for drug discovery and offer inspiration for more effective treatments for this aggressive cancer subtype.展开更多
Using the Bose-Fermi mapping method,we obtain the exact ground state wavefunction of one-dimensional(1D)Bose gas with the zero-range dipolar interaction in the strongly repulsive contact interaction limit.Its ground s...Using the Bose-Fermi mapping method,we obtain the exact ground state wavefunction of one-dimensional(1D)Bose gas with the zero-range dipolar interaction in the strongly repulsive contact interaction limit.Its ground state density distributions for both repulsive and attractive dipole interactions are exhibited.It is shown that in the case of the finite dipole interaction the density profiles do not change obviously with the increase of dipole interaction and display the typical shell structure of Tonks-Girardeau gases.As the repulsive dipole interaction is greatly strong,the density decreases at the center of the trap and displays a sunken valley.As the attractive dipole interaction increases,the density displays more oscillations and sharp peaks appear in the strong attraction limit,which mainly originate from the atoms occupying the low single particle levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND Disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI)are common,but knowledge about their physiopathology is still poor,nor valid tools have been used to evaluate them in childhood.AIM To develop a psycho-gastroenterolo...BACKGROUND Disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI)are common,but knowledge about their physiopathology is still poor,nor valid tools have been used to evaluate them in childhood.AIM To develop a psycho-gastroenterological questionnaire(PGQ)to assess the psycho-gastroenterological profile and social characteristics of a pediatric population with and without DGBI.METHODS One hundred and nineteen Italian children(age 11-18)were included:28 outpatient patients with DGBI(Rome IV criteria)and 91 healthy controls.They filled the PGQ,faces pain scale revised(FPS-R),Bristol stool chart,ga-strointestinal symptoms rating scale,state-trait anxiety inventory,Toronto alexithymia scale 20,perceived self-efficacy in the management of negative emotions and expression of positive emotions(APEN-G,APEP-G),irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life questionnaire,school performances,tobacco use,early life events,degree of digital-ization.RESULTS Compared to controls,patients had more medical examinations(35%of them went to the doctor more than five times),a higher school performance(23%vs 13%,P<0.05),didn’t use tobacco(never vs 16%,P<0.05),had early life events(28%vs 1%P<0.05)and a higher percentage of pain classified as 4 in the FPS-R during the examination(14%vs 7%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Pediatric outpatients with DGBI had a higher prevalence of early life events,a lower quality of life,more medical examinations rising health care costs,lower anxiety levels.展开更多
The interaction between charge and spin degrees of freedom has always been the central issue of condensed matter physics,and transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)provide an ideal platform to study it benefiting from ...The interaction between charge and spin degrees of freedom has always been the central issue of condensed matter physics,and transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)provide an ideal platform to study it benefiting from their highly tunable properties.In this article,the influence of Fe intercalation in NbSe_(2)was elaborately investigated using a combination of techniques.Magnetic studies have shown that the insertion of Fe atoms induces an antiferromagnetic state in which the easy axis aligns out of the plane.The sign reversal of the magnetoresistance across the Neel temperature can be satisfactorily explained by the moderate interaction between electrons and local spins.The Hall and Seebeck measurements reveal a multi-band nature,and the contribution of various phonon scattering processes is discussed based on the thermal conductivity and specific heat data.展开更多
Green development and the low-carbon economy in China have operated as parallel,distinct systems,with interactions limited to energy,industry,and technology.Guided by the concept of high-quality growth,green developm...Green development and the low-carbon economy in China have operated as parallel,distinct systems,with interactions limited to energy,industry,and technology.Guided by the concept of high-quality growth,green development—centered on sustainability principles and green targets—has focused on green living,production,industrial optimization,system-building,land-use planning,and global ecological objectives,thereby forming a uniquely Chinese green development framework.Similarly,the low-carbon economy,structured around carbon emission goals,development drivers,models of growth,management mechanisms,and international carbon responsibilities,has also developed a distinct framework.Introducing digital intelligence as a new dimension can serve as a coupling point to foster interactive mechanisms between green development and the low-carbon economy.These interactive mechanisms are reflected through smart green cloud collaboration systems and intelligent low-carbon governance platforms,using digital intelligence technology to enhance the synergy between green and low-carbon efforts in energy,carbon management,technology,innovation,governance,and the economy.Through analyzing these mechanisms,and returning to sustainability principles while responding to China's modern development philosophy,a uniquely Chinese theory and framework for green and low-carbon development can be constructed.展开更多
The interaction between extreme waves and structures is a crucial study area in marine science,as it significantly influences safety and disaster prevention strategies for marine and coastal engineering.To investigate...The interaction between extreme waves and structures is a crucial study area in marine science,as it significantly influences safety and disaster prevention strategies for marine and coastal engineering.To investigate the flow field of a semi-submersible against extreme waves,a model simulating solitary wave interactions with the semi-submersible system was developed via the meshless smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method and Rayleigh’s theory.Notably,the wave surface and wave load results obtained from the SPH model,compared with those of OpenFOAM,result in an interaction test case between solitary waves and partially submerged rectangular obstacles and show good agreement,with a maximum relative error of 3.4%.An analysis of the calculated results of the semi-submersible facing solitary waves revealed several key findings:overtopping,which decreases with increasing water depth,occurs on the structure when the non-submerged ratio is 0.33 and the wave height surpasses 0.2 m.The transmission coefficient decreases with increasing wave height but increases as the water depth increases.Furthermore,the reflection coefficient peaks at a wave height H0=0.2 m.The dissipation coefficient displays a valley trend with a small water depth,whereas it increases monotonically with increasing water depth.The dissipation coefficient decreases with increasing water depth.展开更多
Background Haptic feedback plays a crucial role in virtual reality(VR)interaction,helping to improve the precision of user operation and enhancing the immersion of the user experience.Instrumental haptic feedback in v...Background Haptic feedback plays a crucial role in virtual reality(VR)interaction,helping to improve the precision of user operation and enhancing the immersion of the user experience.Instrumental haptic feedback in virtual environments is primarily realized using grounded force or vibration feedback devices.However,improvements are required in terms of the active space and feedback realism.Methods We propose a lightweight and flexible haptic feedback glove that can haptically render objects in VR environments via kinesthetic and vibration feedback,thereby enabling users to enjoy a rich virtual piano-playing experience.The kinesthetic feedback of the glove relies on a cable-pulling mechanism that rotates the mechanism and pulls the two cables connected to it,thereby changing the amount of force generated to simulate the hardness or softness of the object.Vibration feedback is provided by small vibration motors embedded in the bottom of the fingertips of the glove.We designed a piano-playing scenario in the virtual environment and conducted user tests.The evaluation metrics were clarity,realism,enjoyment,and satisfaction.Results A total of 14 subjects participated in the test,and the results showed that our proposed glove scored significantly higher on the four evaluation metrics than the nofeedback and vibration feedback methods.Conclusions Our proposed glove significantly enhances the user experience when interacting with virtual objects.展开更多
Micrometer-sized silicon oxide(SiO)anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy process.Herein,an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived f...Micrometer-sized silicon oxide(SiO)anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy process.Herein,an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived from succinonitrile is introduced to enhance the cycling stability of SiO anodes.Density functional theory calculations validate a robust ion-dipole interaction between lithium ions(Li^(+))and succinonitrile(SN).The cosolvent fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)optimizes the Li^(+)solvation structure in the SN-based electrolyte with its weakly solvating ability.Molecular dynamics simulations investigate the regulating mechanism of ion-dipole and cation-anion interaction.The unique Li^(+)solvation structure,enriched with FEC and TFSI^(-),facilitates the formation of an inorganic-organic composite solid electrolyte interphase on SiO anodes.Micro-CT further detects the inhibiting effect on the SiO volume expansion.As a result,the SiO|LiCoO_(2) full cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in deep eutectic-based electrolytes.This work presents an effective strategy for extending the cycle life of SiO anodes by designing a new SN-based deep eutectic electrolyte.展开更多
In subtropical regions,soil desiccation cracking often exerts a significant impact on the interactions between soil water and the atmosphere,making it a subject of great interest in the fields of geotechnical and geoe...In subtropical regions,soil desiccation cracking often exerts a significant impact on the interactions between soil water and the atmosphere,making it a subject of great interest in the fields of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering.Despite the growing utilization of biochar as a sustainable soil amendment,there remains a lack of in-depth understanding of biocharewateresoil interactions,as well as its impact on soil desiccation cracking behavior.To address this gap,this study investigated the influence and mechanism of woody biochar dosages and particle sizes on the cracking behavior of three typical clayey soils in subtropical regions in China,namely Pukou expansive soil(PKE),Xiashu soil(XS),and Zhongshan lateritic soil(ZSL).The quantitative analysis of crack images revealed that the use of biochar was not consistently effective in preventing soil cracking.The application of biochar reduced the crack ratio in PKE and XS by up to 24.03%and 53.89%,respectively.In contrast,ZSL exhibited a 74.57%increase in crack ratio with the addition of 10%biochar.This influence can be further enhanced by increasing the dosage and reducing the particle size of biochar.The microstructural analysis demonstrated that biochar exerts an inhibitory effect on PKE and XS primarily through direct replacement,direct barrier,and indirect physical mechanisms.Moreover,an indirect chemical effect between biochar and clay particles was proposed to explain the exacerbated cracking observed in biochar-amended ZSL.To effectively utilize biochar for soil cracking mitigation in subtropical regions,it is essential to evaluate the initial mineral composition and cation type of the soil.展开更多
Spin-orbit interaction(SOI)can be introduced by the proximity effect to modulate the electronic properties of graphene-based heterostructures.In this work,we stack trilayer WSe_(2) on Bernal tetralayer graphene to inv...Spin-orbit interaction(SOI)can be introduced by the proximity effect to modulate the electronic properties of graphene-based heterostructures.In this work,we stack trilayer WSe_(2) on Bernal tetralayer graphene to investigate the influence of SOI on the anomalous Hall effect(AHE).In this structurally asymmetric device,by comparing the magnitude of AHE at positive and negative displacement fields,we find that AHE is strongly enhanced by bringing electrons in proximity to the WSe_(2) layer.Meanwhile,the enhanced AHE signal persists up to 80 K,providing important routes for topological device applications at high temperatures.展开更多
Rockbursts, which mainly affect mining roadways, are dynamic disasters arising from the surrounding rock under high stress. Understanding the interaction between supports and the surrounding rock is necessary for effe...Rockbursts, which mainly affect mining roadways, are dynamic disasters arising from the surrounding rock under high stress. Understanding the interaction between supports and the surrounding rock is necessary for effective rockburst control. In this study, the squeezing behavior of the surrounding rock is analyzed in rockburst roadways, and a mechanical model of rockbursts is established considering the dynamic support stress, thus deriving formulas and providing characteristic curves for describing the interaction between the support and surrounding rock. Design principles and parameters of supports for rockburst control are proposed. The results show that only when the geostress magnitude exceeds a critical value can it drive the formation of rockburst conditions. The main factors influencing the convergence response and rockburst occurrence around roadways are geostress, rock brittleness, uniaxial compressive strength, and roadway excavation size. Roadway support devices can play a role in controlling rockburst by suppressing the squeezing evolution of the surrounding rock towards instability points of rockburst. Further, the higher the strength and the longer the impact stroke of support devices with constant resistance, the more easily multiple balance points can be formed with the surrounding rock to control rockburst occurrence. Supports with long impact stroke allow adaptation to varying geostress levels around the roadway, aiding in rockburst control. The results offer a quantitative method for designing support systems for rockburst-prone roadways. The design criterion of supports is determined by the intersection between the convergence curve of the surrounding rock and the squeezing deformation curve of the support devices.展开更多
As the goal of"low carbon"sustainable development becomes more salient,the corporations'environmental,social,and governance(ESG)practices are under higher visibility.How to promote the ESG performance of...As the goal of"low carbon"sustainable development becomes more salient,the corporations'environmental,social,and governance(ESG)practices are under higher visibility.How to promote the ESG performance of corporations has become a big challenge that needs to be solved.Spatial econometrics methods based on panel data on listed corporations in the period from 2018 to 2023 are used in the paper to empirically analyze the peer effect of a corporation from the view of strategic interaction.The results found relatively positive industry peer effects as well as regional peer effects.However,the latter is much weaker.Industry-wise results indicate that most sectors demonstrate positive peer competition on ESG issues,with only a few,like the special equipment manufacturing industry,not showing significant peer effects.The empirical results in this paper support the mode of cooperative interaction among firms,help broaden the scope of understanding factors that encourage ESG practices,and suggest relevant policies for boosting corporate social responsibilities and sustainable development through encouraging factors.展开更多
基金supported by A*STAR under the“Nanosystems at the Edge”program(Grant No.A18A4b0055)Ministry of Education(MOE)under the research grant of R-263-000-F18-112/A-0009520-01-00+1 种基金National Research Foundation Singapore grant CRP28-2022-0038the Reimagine Re-search Scheme(RRSC)Project(Grant A-0009037-02-00&A0009037-03-00)at National University of Singapore.
文摘Plasmonic nanoantennas provide unique opportunities for precise control of light–matter coupling in surface-enhanced infrared absorption(SEIRA)spectroscopy,but most of the resonant systems realized so far suffer from the obstacles of low sensitivity,narrow bandwidth,and asymmetric Fano resonance perturbations.Here,we demonstrated an overcoupled resonator with a high plasmon-molecule coupling coefficient(μ)(OC-Hμresonator)by precisely controlling the radiation loss channel,the resonator-oscillator coupling channel,and the frequency detuning channel.We observed a strong dependence of the sensing performance on the coupling state,and demonstrated that OC-Hμresonator has excellent sensing properties of ultra-sensitive(7.25%nm^(−1)),ultra-broadband(3–10μm),and immune asymmetric Fano lineshapes.These characteristics represent a breakthrough in SEIRA technology and lay the foundation for specific recognition of biomolecules,trace detection,and protein secondary structure analysis using a single array(array size is 100×100μm^(2)).In addition,with the assistance of machine learning,mixture classification,concentration prediction and spectral reconstruction were achieved with the highest accuracy of 100%.Finally,we demonstrated the potential of OC-Hμresonator for SARS-CoV-2 detection.These findings will promote the wider application of SEIRA technology,while providing new ideas for other enhanced spectroscopy technologies,quantum photonics and studying light–matter interactions.
基金Research Institute for Smart Energy(CDB2)the grant from the Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing(CD8Z)+4 种基金the grant from the Carbon Neutrality Funding Scheme(WZ2R)at The Hong Kong Polytechnic Universitysupport from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University(CD9B,CDBZ and WZ4Q)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22205187)Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Commission(JCYJ20230807140402006)Start-up Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20230426).
文摘Catalyst–support interaction plays a crucial role in improving the catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Here we modulate the catalyst–support interaction in polyaniline-supported Ni_(3)Fe oxide(Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI)with a robust hetero-interface,which significantly improves oxygen evolution activities with an overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and specific activity of 2.08 mA cm_(ECSA)^(-2)at overpotential of 300 mV,3.84-fold that of Ni_(3)Fe oxide.It is revealed that the catalyst–support interaction between Ni_(3)Fe oxide and PANI support enhances the Ni–O covalency via the interfacial Ni–N bond,thus promoting the charge and mass transfer on Ni_(3)Fe oxide.Considering the excellent activity and stability,rechargeable Zn-air batteries with optimum Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI are assembled,delivering a low charge voltage of 1.95 V to cycle for 400 h at 10 mA cm^(-2).The regulation of the effect of catalyst–support interaction on catalytic activity provides new possibilities for the future design of highly efficient OER catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82104560(to CL),U21A20400(to QW)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7232279(to XW)the Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,No.2022-JYB-JBZR-004(to XW)。
文摘The primary mechanism of secondary injury after cerebral ischemia may be the brain inflammation that emerges after an ischemic stroke,which promotes neuronal death and inhibits nerve tissue regeneration.As the first immune cells to be activated after an ischemic stroke,microglia play an important immunomodulatory role in the progression of the condition.After an ischemic stroke,peripheral blood immune cells(mainly T cells)are recruited to the central nervous system by chemokines secreted by immune cells in the brain,where they interact with central nervous system cells(mainly microglia)to trigger a secondary neuroimmune response.This review summarizes the interactions between T cells and microglia in the immune-inflammatory processes of ischemic stroke.We found that,during ischemic stroke,T cells and microglia demonstrate a more pronounced synergistic effect.Th1,Th17,and M1 microglia can co-secrete proinflammatory factors,such as interferon-γ,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-1β,to promote neuroinflammation and exacerbate brain injury.Th2,Treg,and M2 microglia jointly secrete anti-inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-4,interleukin-10,and transforming growth factor-β,to inhibit the progression of neuroinflammation,as well as growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor to promote nerve regeneration and repair brain injury.Immune interactions between microglia and T cells influence the direction of the subsequent neuroinflammation,which in turn determines the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients.Clinical trials have been conducted on the ways to modulate the interactions between T cells and microglia toward anti-inflammatory communication using the immunosuppressant fingolimod or overdosing with Treg cells to promote neural tissue repair and reduce the damage caused by ischemic stroke.However,such studies have been relatively infrequent,and clinical experience is still insufficient.In summary,in ischemic stroke,T cell subsets and activated microglia act synergistically to regulate inflammatory progression,mainly by secreting inflammatory factors.In the future,a key research direction for ischemic stroke treatment could be rooted in the enhancement of anti-inflammatory factor secretion by promoting the generation of Th2 and Treg cells,along with the activation of M2-type microglia.These approaches may alleviate neuroinflammation and facilitate the repair of neural tissues.
文摘This article describes a pilot study aiming at generating social interactions between a humanoid robot and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), through the practice of a gesture imitation game. The participants were a 17-year-old young lady with ASD and intellectual deficit, and a control participant: a preadolescent with ASD but no intellectual deficit (Asperger syndrome). The game is comprised of four phases: greetings, pairing, imitation, and closing. Field educators were involved, playing specific roles: visual or physical inciter. The use of a robot allows for catching the participants’ attention, playing the imitation game for a longer period of time than with a human partner, and preventing the game partner’s negative facial expressions resulting from tiredness, impatience, or boredom. The participants’ behavior was observed in terms of initial approach towards the robot, positioning relative to the robot in terms of distance and orientation, reactions to the robot’s voice or moves, signs of happiness, and imitation attempts. Results suggest a more and more natural approach towards the robot during the sessions, as well as a higher level of social interaction, based on the variations of the parameters listed above. We use these preliminary results to draw the next steps of our research work as well as identify further perspectives, with this aim in mind: improving social interactions with adolescents with ASD and intellectual deficit, allowing for better integration of these people into our societies.
文摘Deficiency or restriction of Zn absorption in soils is one of the most common micronutrients deficient in cereal plants. To investigate critical micronutrient interaction in zinc deficiency and zinc sufficient in soil, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was conducted in 2023. Six wheat cultivars with different Zn efficiency were used. The cultivars were grown under Zn deficiency and adequate conditions. Results showed that in Zn deficiency conditions, with increasing Zn concentration in the roots, Fe concentrations were increased too, while the Cu and Mn concentrations decreased. In the same condition and with increasing Zn concentration in shoots, the concentrations of Fe and Mn decreased, while Cu were increased. However, by increasing Zn concentration, Fe, Cu, and Mn concentrations were increased in Zn deficiency condition in grains, as well as Zn sufficient conditions. RST (root to shoot micronutrient translocation) comparison of cultivars showed that in lack of Zn, the ability of translocation of Zn, Fe, and Mn in Zn-inefficient cultivar from root to shoot was higher than inefficient cultivar. In the same conditions, the capability of Zn-inefficient cultivar in Cu translocation from root to shoot was lower than other cultivars. In general, it seems that in Zn deficiency conditions, there are antagonistic effects among Zn, Cu and Mn and synergistic effects between Zn and Fe in the root. Also, in Zn sufficient conditions, there were synergistic effects among all studies micronutrients which include Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn.
文摘The concept of neuroimmune interactions has shown significant advancements over the years. Modern research has revealed many areas of connection between fields, which were previously viewed as distinct disciplines. For example, the nervous system can sense changes in the external environment and convey these changes through molecules and mediators with receptors in the immune system to modulate immune responses. Neuromediators can act on different receptors in the same group of cells, producing antipodal effects. Identification of the anti-inflammatory role of glucocorticoids highlighted that the body functions properly in an integrated manner. These interactions and crosstalk are not unidirectional, as the immune system can also influence various aspects of the nervous system, such as synaptic plasticity and fever. Strict integration of neuro-immuno-endocrine circuits is indispensable for homeostasis. Understanding these circuits and molecules can lead to advances in the understanding of various immune diseases, which will offer promising therapeutic options.
文摘Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.
文摘This study addresses security and ethical challenges in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems, as exemplified in a blockchain fraud detection case study. Leveraging blockchain’s secure architecture, the framework involves specialized LLM Agents—ContractMining, Investigative, Ethics, and PerformanceMonitor, coordinated by a ManagerAgent. Baseline LLM models achieved 30% accuracy with a threshold method and 94% accuracy with a random-forest method. The Claude 3.5-powered LLM system reached an accuracy of 92%. Ethical evaluations revealed biases, highlighting the need for fairness-focused refinements. Our approach aims to develop trustworthy and reliable networks of agents capable of functioning even in adversarial environments. To our knowledge, no existing systems employ ethical LLM agents specifically designed to detect fraud, making this a novel contribution. Future work will focus on refining ethical frameworks, scaling the system, and benchmarking it against traditional methods to establish a robust, adaptable, and ethically grounded solution for blockchain fraud detection.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22307009,82374155,82073997,82104376)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2023NSFSC1108,2024NSFTD0023)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Research Project of Sichuan Provincethe Xinglin Scholar Research Promotion Project of Chengdu University of TCM.
文摘Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis,and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors.In contrast to targeting protein activity,intervention with proteinprotein interaction(PPI)can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways.Methods:Here,we employed Naive Bayes,Decision Tree,and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI network associated with autophagy in TNBC,aiming to uncover novel therapeutic targets.Meanwhile,the candidate proteins interacting with Beclin 2 were initially screened in MDA-MB-231 cells using Beclin 2 as bait protein by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay,and the interaction relationship was verified by molecular docking and CO-IP experiments after intersection.Colony formation,cellular immunofluorescence,cell scratch and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)tests were used to predict the clinical therapeutic effects of manipulating candidate PPI.Results:By developing three PPI classification models and analyzing over 13,000 datasets,we identified 3733 previously unknown autophagy-related PPIs.Our network analysis revealed the central role of Beclin 2 in autophagy regulation,uncovering its interactions with 39 newly identified proteins.Notably,the CO-IP studies identified the substantial interaction between Beclin 2 and Ubiquilin 1,which was anticipated by our model and discovered in immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay results.Subsequently,in vitro investigations showed that overexpressing Beclin 2 increased Ubiquilin 1,promoted autophagy-dependent cell death,and inhibited proliferation and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusions:This study not only enhances our understanding of autophagy regulation in TNBC but also identifies the Beclin 2-Ubiquilin 1 axis as a promising target for precision therapy.These findings open new avenues for drug discovery and offer inspiration for more effective treatments for this aggressive cancer subtype.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11174026)。
文摘Using the Bose-Fermi mapping method,we obtain the exact ground state wavefunction of one-dimensional(1D)Bose gas with the zero-range dipolar interaction in the strongly repulsive contact interaction limit.Its ground state density distributions for both repulsive and attractive dipole interactions are exhibited.It is shown that in the case of the finite dipole interaction the density profiles do not change obviously with the increase of dipole interaction and display the typical shell structure of Tonks-Girardeau gases.As the repulsive dipole interaction is greatly strong,the density decreases at the center of the trap and displays a sunken valley.As the attractive dipole interaction increases,the density displays more oscillations and sharp peaks appear in the strong attraction limit,which mainly originate from the atoms occupying the low single particle levels.
文摘BACKGROUND Disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI)are common,but knowledge about their physiopathology is still poor,nor valid tools have been used to evaluate them in childhood.AIM To develop a psycho-gastroenterological questionnaire(PGQ)to assess the psycho-gastroenterological profile and social characteristics of a pediatric population with and without DGBI.METHODS One hundred and nineteen Italian children(age 11-18)were included:28 outpatient patients with DGBI(Rome IV criteria)and 91 healthy controls.They filled the PGQ,faces pain scale revised(FPS-R),Bristol stool chart,ga-strointestinal symptoms rating scale,state-trait anxiety inventory,Toronto alexithymia scale 20,perceived self-efficacy in the management of negative emotions and expression of positive emotions(APEN-G,APEP-G),irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life questionnaire,school performances,tobacco use,early life events,degree of digital-ization.RESULTS Compared to controls,patients had more medical examinations(35%of them went to the doctor more than five times),a higher school performance(23%vs 13%,P<0.05),didn’t use tobacco(never vs 16%,P<0.05),had early life events(28%vs 1%P<0.05)and a higher percentage of pain classified as 4 in the FPS-R during the examination(14%vs 7%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Pediatric outpatients with DGBI had a higher prevalence of early life events,a lower quality of life,more medical examinations rising health care costs,lower anxiety levels.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12274440)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1403903)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB33010100)the Fund of the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility(SECUF)。
文摘The interaction between charge and spin degrees of freedom has always been the central issue of condensed matter physics,and transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)provide an ideal platform to study it benefiting from their highly tunable properties.In this article,the influence of Fe intercalation in NbSe_(2)was elaborately investigated using a combination of techniques.Magnetic studies have shown that the insertion of Fe atoms induces an antiferromagnetic state in which the easy axis aligns out of the plane.The sign reversal of the magnetoresistance across the Neel temperature can be satisfactorily explained by the moderate interaction between electrons and local spins.The Hall and Seebeck measurements reveal a multi-band nature,and the contribution of various phonon scattering processes is discussed based on the thermal conductivity and specific heat data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.23FJYB011).
文摘Green development and the low-carbon economy in China have operated as parallel,distinct systems,with interactions limited to energy,industry,and technology.Guided by the concept of high-quality growth,green development—centered on sustainability principles and green targets—has focused on green living,production,industrial optimization,system-building,land-use planning,and global ecological objectives,thereby forming a uniquely Chinese green development framework.Similarly,the low-carbon economy,structured around carbon emission goals,development drivers,models of growth,management mechanisms,and international carbon responsibilities,has also developed a distinct framework.Introducing digital intelligence as a new dimension can serve as a coupling point to foster interactive mechanisms between green development and the low-carbon economy.These interactive mechanisms are reflected through smart green cloud collaboration systems and intelligent low-carbon governance platforms,using digital intelligence technology to enhance the synergy between green and low-carbon efforts in energy,carbon management,technology,innovation,governance,and the economy.Through analyzing these mechanisms,and returning to sustainability principles while responding to China's modern development philosophy,a uniquely Chinese theory and framework for green and low-carbon development can be constructed.
基金financially supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant Nos.2023A1515010890 and 2022A1515240039)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52001071)+4 种基金the Special Fund Competition Allocation Project of Guangdong Science and Technology Innovation Strategy(Grant No.2023A01022)the Non-funded Science and Technology Research Program Project of Zhanjiang(Grant No.2021B01416)Student Innovation Team Project of Guangdong Ocean University(Grant No.CXTD2023012)the Doctor Initiate Projects of Guangdong Ocean University(Grant Nos.060302072103 and R20068)the Marine Youth Talent Innovation Project of Zhanjiang(Grant No.2021E05009).
文摘The interaction between extreme waves and structures is a crucial study area in marine science,as it significantly influences safety and disaster prevention strategies for marine and coastal engineering.To investigate the flow field of a semi-submersible against extreme waves,a model simulating solitary wave interactions with the semi-submersible system was developed via the meshless smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method and Rayleigh’s theory.Notably,the wave surface and wave load results obtained from the SPH model,compared with those of OpenFOAM,result in an interaction test case between solitary waves and partially submerged rectangular obstacles and show good agreement,with a maximum relative error of 3.4%.An analysis of the calculated results of the semi-submersible facing solitary waves revealed several key findings:overtopping,which decreases with increasing water depth,occurs on the structure when the non-submerged ratio is 0.33 and the wave height surpasses 0.2 m.The transmission coefficient decreases with increasing wave height but increases as the water depth increases.Furthermore,the reflection coefficient peaks at a wave height H0=0.2 m.The dissipation coefficient displays a valley trend with a small water depth,whereas it increases monotonically with increasing water depth.The dissipation coefficient decreases with increasing water depth.
基金Supported by the Natienal Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20287).
文摘Background Haptic feedback plays a crucial role in virtual reality(VR)interaction,helping to improve the precision of user operation and enhancing the immersion of the user experience.Instrumental haptic feedback in virtual environments is primarily realized using grounded force or vibration feedback devices.However,improvements are required in terms of the active space and feedback realism.Methods We propose a lightweight and flexible haptic feedback glove that can haptically render objects in VR environments via kinesthetic and vibration feedback,thereby enabling users to enjoy a rich virtual piano-playing experience.The kinesthetic feedback of the glove relies on a cable-pulling mechanism that rotates the mechanism and pulls the two cables connected to it,thereby changing the amount of force generated to simulate the hardness or softness of the object.Vibration feedback is provided by small vibration motors embedded in the bottom of the fingertips of the glove.We designed a piano-playing scenario in the virtual environment and conducted user tests.The evaluation metrics were clarity,realism,enjoyment,and satisfaction.Results A total of 14 subjects participated in the test,and the results showed that our proposed glove scored significantly higher on the four evaluation metrics than the nofeedback and vibration feedback methods.Conclusions Our proposed glove significantly enhances the user experience when interacting with virtual objects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279026)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0138900)+2 种基金the Young Elite Scientist sponsorship program by CAST(no.20200148)the Natural Science Funds of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2021B003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant no.HIT.OCEF.2022017).
文摘Micrometer-sized silicon oxide(SiO)anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy process.Herein,an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived from succinonitrile is introduced to enhance the cycling stability of SiO anodes.Density functional theory calculations validate a robust ion-dipole interaction between lithium ions(Li^(+))and succinonitrile(SN).The cosolvent fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)optimizes the Li^(+)solvation structure in the SN-based electrolyte with its weakly solvating ability.Molecular dynamics simulations investigate the regulating mechanism of ion-dipole and cation-anion interaction.The unique Li^(+)solvation structure,enriched with FEC and TFSI^(-),facilitates the formation of an inorganic-organic composite solid electrolyte interphase on SiO anodes.Micro-CT further detects the inhibiting effect on the SiO volume expansion.As a result,the SiO|LiCoO_(2) full cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in deep eutectic-based electrolytes.This work presents an effective strategy for extending the cycle life of SiO anodes by designing a new SN-based deep eutectic electrolyte.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42277124)the National Key Research&Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC1808004)the Jiangsu Province 333 Talents Youth Talent Support Project.
文摘In subtropical regions,soil desiccation cracking often exerts a significant impact on the interactions between soil water and the atmosphere,making it a subject of great interest in the fields of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering.Despite the growing utilization of biochar as a sustainable soil amendment,there remains a lack of in-depth understanding of biocharewateresoil interactions,as well as its impact on soil desiccation cracking behavior.To address this gap,this study investigated the influence and mechanism of woody biochar dosages and particle sizes on the cracking behavior of three typical clayey soils in subtropical regions in China,namely Pukou expansive soil(PKE),Xiashu soil(XS),and Zhongshan lateritic soil(ZSL).The quantitative analysis of crack images revealed that the use of biochar was not consistently effective in preventing soil cracking.The application of biochar reduced the crack ratio in PKE and XS by up to 24.03%and 53.89%,respectively.In contrast,ZSL exhibited a 74.57%increase in crack ratio with the addition of 10%biochar.This influence can be further enhanced by increasing the dosage and reducing the particle size of biochar.The microstructural analysis demonstrated that biochar exerts an inhibitory effect on PKE and XS primarily through direct replacement,direct barrier,and indirect physical mechanisms.Moreover,an indirect chemical effect between biochar and clay particles was proposed to explain the exacerbated cracking observed in biochar-amended ZSL.To effectively utilize biochar for soil cracking mitigation in subtropical regions,it is essential to evaluate the initial mineral composition and cation type of the soil.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA1400100 and 2024YFA1409700)the National Natural Science Foudation of China(Grant Nos.12374168 and T2325026)。
文摘Spin-orbit interaction(SOI)can be introduced by the proximity effect to modulate the electronic properties of graphene-based heterostructures.In this work,we stack trilayer WSe_(2) on Bernal tetralayer graphene to investigate the influence of SOI on the anomalous Hall effect(AHE).In this structurally asymmetric device,by comparing the magnitude of AHE at positive and negative displacement fields,we find that AHE is strongly enhanced by bringing electrons in proximity to the WSe_(2) layer.Meanwhile,the enhanced AHE signal persists up to 80 K,providing important routes for topological device applications at high temperatures.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52304133)the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFC3004605)the Department of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province (No. 2023-BS-083)。
文摘Rockbursts, which mainly affect mining roadways, are dynamic disasters arising from the surrounding rock under high stress. Understanding the interaction between supports and the surrounding rock is necessary for effective rockburst control. In this study, the squeezing behavior of the surrounding rock is analyzed in rockburst roadways, and a mechanical model of rockbursts is established considering the dynamic support stress, thus deriving formulas and providing characteristic curves for describing the interaction between the support and surrounding rock. Design principles and parameters of supports for rockburst control are proposed. The results show that only when the geostress magnitude exceeds a critical value can it drive the formation of rockburst conditions. The main factors influencing the convergence response and rockburst occurrence around roadways are geostress, rock brittleness, uniaxial compressive strength, and roadway excavation size. Roadway support devices can play a role in controlling rockburst by suppressing the squeezing evolution of the surrounding rock towards instability points of rockburst. Further, the higher the strength and the longer the impact stroke of support devices with constant resistance, the more easily multiple balance points can be formed with the surrounding rock to control rockburst occurrence. Supports with long impact stroke allow adaptation to varying geostress levels around the roadway, aiding in rockburst control. The results offer a quantitative method for designing support systems for rockburst-prone roadways. The design criterion of supports is determined by the intersection between the convergence curve of the surrounding rock and the squeezing deformation curve of the support devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72073045).
文摘As the goal of"low carbon"sustainable development becomes more salient,the corporations'environmental,social,and governance(ESG)practices are under higher visibility.How to promote the ESG performance of corporations has become a big challenge that needs to be solved.Spatial econometrics methods based on panel data on listed corporations in the period from 2018 to 2023 are used in the paper to empirically analyze the peer effect of a corporation from the view of strategic interaction.The results found relatively positive industry peer effects as well as regional peer effects.However,the latter is much weaker.Industry-wise results indicate that most sectors demonstrate positive peer competition on ESG issues,with only a few,like the special equipment manufacturing industry,not showing significant peer effects.The empirical results in this paper support the mode of cooperative interaction among firms,help broaden the scope of understanding factors that encourage ESG practices,and suggest relevant policies for boosting corporate social responsibilities and sustainable development through encouraging factors.
