Load deviations between the output of ultra-supercritical(USC)coal-fired power units and automatic generation control(AGC)commands can adversely affect the safe and stable operation of these units and grid load dispat...Load deviations between the output of ultra-supercritical(USC)coal-fired power units and automatic generation control(AGC)commands can adversely affect the safe and stable operation of these units and grid load dispatching.Data-driven diagnostic methods often fail to account for the imbalanced distribution of data samples,leading to reduced classification performance in diagnosing load deviations in USC units.To address the class imbalance issue in USC load deviation datasets,this study proposes a diagnostic method based on the multi-label natural neighbor boundary oversampling technique(MLNaNBDOS).The method is articulated in three phases.Initially,the traditional binary oversampling strategy is improved by constructing a binary multi-label relationship for the load deviations in coal-fired units.Subsequently,an adaptive adjustment of the oversampling factor is implemented to determine the oversampling weight for each sample class.Finally,the generation of new instances is refined by dynamically evaluating the similarity between new cases and natural neighbors through a random factor,ensuring precise control over the instance generation process.In comparisons with nine benchmark methods across three imbalanced USC load deviation datasets,the proposed method demonstrates superior performance on several key evaluation metrics,including Micro-F1,Micro-G-mean,and Hamming Loss,with average values of 0.8497,0.9150,and 0.1503,respectively.These results substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately diagnosing the sources of load deviations in USC units.展开更多
To address the issue of coordinated control of multiple hydrogen and battery storage units to suppress the grid-injected power deviation of wind farms,an online optimization strategy for Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy...To address the issue of coordinated control of multiple hydrogen and battery storage units to suppress the grid-injected power deviation of wind farms,an online optimization strategy for Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems based on measurement feedback is proposed.First,considering the high charge/discharge losses of hydrogen storage and the low energy density of battery storage,an operational optimization objective is established to enable adaptive energy adjustment in the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system.Next,an online optimization model minimizing the operational cost of the hybrid system is constructed to suppress grid-injected power deviations with satisfying the operational constraints of hydrogen storage and batteries.Finally,utilizing the online measurement of the energy states of hydrogen storage and batteries,an online optimization strategy based on measurement feedback is designed.Case study results show:before and after smoothing the fluctuations in wind power,the time when the power exceeded the upper and lower limits of the grid-injected power accounted for 24.1%and 1.45%of the total time,respectively,the proposed strategy can effectively keep the grid-injected power deviations of wind farms within the allowable range.Hydrogen storage and batteries respectively undertake long-term and short-term charge/discharge tasks,effectively reducing charge/discharge losses of the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems and improving its operational efficiency.展开更多
BACKGROUND Surgically created arterio-venous fistulas(AVFs)are the gold standard for haemodialysis access for patients with end-stage renal disease.Standard practice of AVF creation involves selecting the non-dominant...BACKGROUND Surgically created arterio-venous fistulas(AVFs)are the gold standard for haemodialysis access for patients with end-stage renal disease.Standard practice of AVF creation involves selecting the non-dominant upper limb and starting with most distally with radio-cephalic arterio-venous fistula.The primary patency rate of radio-cephalic arterio-venous fistula varies from 20%-25%.It has been suggested the neointimal hyperplasia at the mobilized venous segment causes stenosis of the anastomosis.Therefore,the radial artery deviation and reimplantation(RADAR)technique,in which the vein is minimally mobilized,should result in a higher success rate.AIM To compare the RADAR technique with classical technique in creation of AVF including:(1)Success rate;(2)Time to maturation;(3)Duration of surgery;and(4)Complication rate.METHODS In our study we recruited 94 patients in two randomized groups and performed the AVF by the classical method or the RADAR method.RESULTS The RADAR group had higher primary success rate(P=0.007),less rate of complications(P=0.04),shorter duration of surgery(P=0.00)and early time to maturation(0.001)when compared with the classical group.The RADAR procedure is a safe and a more efficient alternative to the current classical method of AVF creation.Longer duration of follow-up is required to assess the long-term outcomes in the future.CONCLUSION The RADAR procedure is a safe and more efficient alternative to the current classical method of AVF creation.Longer duration of follow-up is required to assess the long-term outcomes in the future.展开更多
We present a large deviation theory that characterizes the exponential estimate for rare events in stochastic dynamical systems in the limit of weak noise.We aim to consider a next-to-leading-order approximation for m...We present a large deviation theory that characterizes the exponential estimate for rare events in stochastic dynamical systems in the limit of weak noise.We aim to consider a next-to-leading-order approximation for more accurate calculation of the mean exit time by computing large deviation prefactors with the aid of machine learning.More specifically,we design a neural network framework to compute quasipotential,most probable paths and prefactors based on the orthogonal decomposition of a vector field.We corroborate the higher effectiveness and accuracy of our algorithm with two toy models.Numerical experiments demonstrate its powerful functionality in exploring the internal mechanism of rare events triggered by weak random fluctuations.展开更多
Financial performance analysis is of vital importance those involved in a business(e.g.,shareholders,creditors,partners,and company managers).An accurate and appropriate performance measurement is critical for decisio...Financial performance analysis is of vital importance those involved in a business(e.g.,shareholders,creditors,partners,and company managers).An accurate and appropriate performance measurement is critical for decision-makers to achieve efficient results.Integrated performance measurement,by its nature,consists of multiple criteria with different levels of importance.Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis(MCDA)methods have become increasingly popular for solving complex problems,especially over the last two decades.There are different evaluation methodologies in the literature for selecting the most appropriate one among over 200 MCDA methods.This study comprehensively analyzed 41 companies traded on the Borsa Istanbul Corporate Governance Index for 10 quarters using SWARA,CRITIC,and SD integrated with eight different MCDA method algorithms to determine the position of Turkey's most transparent companies in terms of financial performance.In this study,we propose"stock returns"as a benchmark in comparing and evaluating MCDA methods.Moreover,we calculate the"rank reversal performance of MCDA methods".Finally,we performed a"standard deviation"analysis to identify the objective and characteristic trends for each method.Interestingly,all these innovative comparison procedures suggest that PROMETHEE II(preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations II)and FUCA(Faire Un Choix Adéquat)are the most suitable MCDA methods.In other words,these methods produce a higher correlation with share price;they have fewer rank reversal problems,the distribution of scores they produce is wider,and the amount of information is higher.Thus,it can be said that these advantages make them preferable.The results show that this innovative methodological procedure based on'knowledge discovery'is verifiable,robust and efficient when choosing the MCDA method.展开更多
On the basis of high precision requirement for input signals in the power system protection and control system,this paper,only for the influence of power system frequency deviation on extracting fundamental harmonic,s...On the basis of high precision requirement for input signals in the power system protection and control system,this paper,only for the influence of power system frequency deviation on extracting fundamental harmonic,studies the amplitude error of Fourier algorithm,presents a method of correcting frequency deviation,and further derives the formulas of improved Fourier algorithm.The simulation results verified the effectiveness of the algorithm,it not only can greatly weaken the influence of frequency deviation,but also increase the precision of the power system protection and control.As a result the study in this paper has practical application value.展开更多
To eliminate rotation deviation of sequential images mosaic when measuring linear dimensions of large scale parts with computer vision, a novel algorithm based on the chain code searching method is proposed. After ima...To eliminate rotation deviation of sequential images mosaic when measuring linear dimensions of large scale parts with computer vision, a novel algorithm based on the chain code searching method is proposed. After image preprocessing, including image filtering, image segmentation, and edge detection, the chain code length of the contour line can be searched out by the proposed method. Then, the angle from the contour line to the coordinate axis is computed with the length of the contour line. After that, the sequence is rotated in the opposite direction and the rotation deviation is eliminated. It is prepared for the next mosaic of sequences in eliminating shifting deviation. Experiments are carried out on parts with a linear profile rotating angle from 0° to 9°. The results show that compared with the commonly used Hough transform, the new method has higher precision and faster speed, which is important in realizing online high precision measurements of large scale parts with a linear profile.展开更多
The differences between two sequences of nonnegative independent and identically distributed random variables with sub-exponential tails and the random index are studied. The random index is a strictly stationary rene...The differences between two sequences of nonnegative independent and identically distributed random variables with sub-exponential tails and the random index are studied. The random index is a strictly stationary renewal counting process generated by some negatively associated random variables. Using a revised large deviation result of partial sums, the elementary renewal theorem and the central limit theorem of negatively associated random variables, a precise large deviation result is derived for the random sums. The result is applied to the customer-arrival-based insurance risk model. Some uniform asymptotics for the ruin probabilities of an insurance company are obtained as the number of customers or the time tends to infinity.展开更多
Advertising English is viewed as an English style with such functional factors as attention value, readability, memorability, selling power. Commercial advertisements are the major concern of this paper. Deviation, na...Advertising English is viewed as an English style with such functional factors as attention value, readability, memorability, selling power. Commercial advertisements are the major concern of this paper. Deviation, namely the violation to the norms of a language, frequently appears in advertisements and can meet requirements of the style of advertising English. Due to limited space, this paper focuses on deviation on the phonological, graphological, lexical, grammatical, and semantic level. Analyzing deviation in advertising English can promote readers' aesthetic and appreciative ability and encourage advertisers to create advertisements with more efficiency, novelty, innovation in more effective language.展开更多
Song is one of Christina Georgina Rossetti's most outstanding death poems,dealing with the main themes that she concerns:death,love and religion.This paper tries to use the technique of deviation that refers to vi...Song is one of Christina Georgina Rossetti's most outstanding death poems,dealing with the main themes that she concerns:death,love and religion.This paper tries to use the technique of deviation that refers to violations to the standard language and readers'expectations to interpret this poem's stylistic features from the aspects of grammar,phonology,image,theme and narrative point of view.Through the stylistic analysis with the method of deviation,its solemn theme is exposed clearly.展开更多
Most edge-detection methods rely on calculating gradient derivatives of the potential field, a process that is easily affected by noise and is therefore of low stability. We propose a new edge-detection method named c...Most edge-detection methods rely on calculating gradient derivatives of the potential field, a process that is easily affected by noise and is therefore of low stability. We propose a new edge-detection method named correlation coefficient of multidirectional standard deviations（CCMS） that is solely based on statistics. First, we prove the reliability of the proposed method using a single model and then a combination of models. The proposed method is evaluated by comparing the results with those obtained by other edge-detection methods. The CCMS method offers outstanding recognition, retains the sharpness of details, and has low sensitivity to noise. We also applied the CCMS method to Bouguer anomaly data of a potash deposit in Laos. The applicability of the CCMS method is shown by comparing the inferred tectonic framework to that inferred from remote sensing（RS） data.展开更多
Poetry is prominent for its stylistic characteristics since texts themselves are the carrier of meaning,an analysis of the stylistic features of poems is conducive to the understanding and interpretation of them.It is...Poetry is prominent for its stylistic characteristics since texts themselves are the carrier of meaning,an analysis of the stylistic features of poems is conducive to the understanding and interpretation of them.It is of great significance to learn something about stylistics if we want to explore the meaning of poetry,this kind of method can also be used to analyze other literary works.展开更多
M-negatively associated random variables, which generalizes the classical one of negatively associated random variables and includes m-dependent sequences as its particular case, are introduced and studied. Large devi...M-negatively associated random variables, which generalizes the classical one of negatively associated random variables and includes m-dependent sequences as its particular case, are introduced and studied. Large deviation principles and moderate deviation upper bounds for stationary m-negatively associated random variables are proved. Kolmogorov-type and Marcinkiewicz-type strong laws of large numbers as well as the three series theorem for m-negatively associated random variables are also given.展开更多
Let fn be a non-parametric kernel density estimator based on a kernel function K. and a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables taking values in R. The goal of this article is to prove mod...Let fn be a non-parametric kernel density estimator based on a kernel function K. and a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables taking values in R. The goal of this article is to prove moderate deviations and large deviations for the statistic sup ｜fn（x） - fn（-x） ｜.展开更多
Charles Dickens is one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Victorian Age.In language,he is often compared with William Shakespeare for his adeptness with the vernacular and large vocabulary.Charles Dickens...Charles Dickens is one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Victorian Age.In language,he is often compared with William Shakespeare for his adeptness with the vernacular and large vocabulary.Charles Dickens achieved a recognizable place among English writers through the use of the stylistic features in his fictional language.Oliver Twist is the best representative of Charles Dickens’style,which makes it the most appropriate choice for the present stylistic study on Charles Dickens.No one who has ever read the dehumanizing workhouse scenes of Oliver Twist and the dark,criminal underworld life can forget them.This thesis attempts to investigate Oliver Twist through the approach of modern stylistics,particularly the theory of linguistic devia tion.This thesis consists of an introduction,the main body and a conclusion.The introduction offers a brief summary of the com ments on Charles Dickens and Chapter X of Oliver Twist,introduces the newly rising linguistic deviation theories,and brings about the theories on which this thesis settles.The main body explores the deviation effects produced from four aspects:lexical deviation,grammatical deviation,graphological deviation,and semantic deviation.It endeavors to show Dickens’manipulating language and the effects achieved through this manipulation.The conclusion mainly sums up the previous analysis,and reveals the theme of the novel,positive effect of linguistic deviation and significance of deviation application.展开更多
We study moderate deviations for estimators of the drift parameter of the fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Two moderate deviation principles are obtained.
Automatic on-line detection of welding deviation based on machine vision is one of the key technologies of arc welding robot tracking welding,in which obtaining high quality weld pool image and accurate welding deviat...Automatic on-line detection of welding deviation based on machine vision is one of the key technologies of arc welding robot tracking welding,in which obtaining high quality weld pool image and accurate welding deviation detection algorithm are two important steps of tracking welding.Through the research and analysis of the weld pool image of gas metal arc welding(GMAW),it was found that the weld pool contains abundant welding information.First,the average gray value of the weld pool image can reflect the interference degree of arc to weld pool image and the heat input of welding process.Secondly,the tip of the weld pool image contour can reflect the center of the groove gap.Finally,the horizontal distance between the center coordinate of the wire contour and the tip coordinate of the weld pool image contour can reflect the welding deviation.On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of weld pool image,this paper proposes a new method of weld seam deviation detection,which includes the collection of weld pool image,image preprocessing,contour extraction and deviation calculation.The results of the tests and analyses showed that the maximum error of the on-line welding deviation obtained was about 2 pixels(0.17 mm)when the welding speed was≤60 cm/min,and the algorithm was stable enough to meet the requirements of real-time deviation detection for I-groove butt welding.The method can be applied to the on-line automatic welding deviation detection of arc welding robot.展开更多
We give a definition of relative entropy with respect to a sublinear expectation and establish large deviation principle for the empirical measures for independent random variables under the sublinear expectation.
This paper takes the synthesizing evaluation about industrial economic benefits by examples and proposes a new method named maximizing deviation method for multiindices decision. The new method can automatically deter...This paper takes the synthesizing evaluation about industrial economic benefits by examples and proposes a new method named maximizing deviation method for multiindices decision. The new method can automatically determine the weight coefficients among the multiindices and also can obtain the exact and reliable evaluation results without subjectivity.展开更多
Let （Xi） be a martingale difference sequence and Sn=∑^ni=1Xi Suppose （Xi） i=1 is bounded in L^p. In the case p ≥2, Lesigne and Volny （Stochastic Process. Appl. 96 （2001） 143） obtained the estimation μ（Sn ...Let （Xi） be a martingale difference sequence and Sn=∑^ni=1Xi Suppose （Xi） i=1 is bounded in L^p. In the case p ≥2, Lesigne and Volny （Stochastic Process. Appl. 96 （2001） 143） obtained the estimation μ（Sn 〉 n） ≤ cn^-p/2, Yulin Li （Statist. Probab. Lett. 62 （2003） 317） generalized the result to the case when p ∈ （1,2] and obtained μ（Sn 〉 n） ≤ cn^l-p, these are optimal in a certain sense. In this article, the authors study the large deviation of Sn for some dependent sequences and obtain the same order optimal upper bounds for μ（Sn 〉 n） as those for martingale difference sequence.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62173050)Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Committee(Grant No.KCXFZ20211020165004006)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(Grant No.2023JJ30051)Hunan Provincial Graduate Student Research Innovation Project(Grant No.QL20230214)Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Platform Project of Hunan Province(2024JC1003)Hunan Provincial University Students’Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Center(Grant No.2019-10).
文摘Load deviations between the output of ultra-supercritical(USC)coal-fired power units and automatic generation control(AGC)commands can adversely affect the safe and stable operation of these units and grid load dispatching.Data-driven diagnostic methods often fail to account for the imbalanced distribution of data samples,leading to reduced classification performance in diagnosing load deviations in USC units.To address the class imbalance issue in USC load deviation datasets,this study proposes a diagnostic method based on the multi-label natural neighbor boundary oversampling technique(MLNaNBDOS).The method is articulated in three phases.Initially,the traditional binary oversampling strategy is improved by constructing a binary multi-label relationship for the load deviations in coal-fired units.Subsequently,an adaptive adjustment of the oversampling factor is implemented to determine the oversampling weight for each sample class.Finally,the generation of new instances is refined by dynamically evaluating the similarity between new cases and natural neighbors through a random factor,ensuring precise control over the instance generation process.In comparisons with nine benchmark methods across three imbalanced USC load deviation datasets,the proposed method demonstrates superior performance on several key evaluation metrics,including Micro-F1,Micro-G-mean,and Hamming Loss,with average values of 0.8497,0.9150,and 0.1503,respectively.These results substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately diagnosing the sources of load deviations in USC units.
基金Supported by State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,Ltd.Science and Technology Project Funding(No.B311DS230005).
文摘To address the issue of coordinated control of multiple hydrogen and battery storage units to suppress the grid-injected power deviation of wind farms,an online optimization strategy for Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems based on measurement feedback is proposed.First,considering the high charge/discharge losses of hydrogen storage and the low energy density of battery storage,an operational optimization objective is established to enable adaptive energy adjustment in the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system.Next,an online optimization model minimizing the operational cost of the hybrid system is constructed to suppress grid-injected power deviations with satisfying the operational constraints of hydrogen storage and batteries.Finally,utilizing the online measurement of the energy states of hydrogen storage and batteries,an online optimization strategy based on measurement feedback is designed.Case study results show:before and after smoothing the fluctuations in wind power,the time when the power exceeded the upper and lower limits of the grid-injected power accounted for 24.1%and 1.45%of the total time,respectively,the proposed strategy can effectively keep the grid-injected power deviations of wind farms within the allowable range.Hydrogen storage and batteries respectively undertake long-term and short-term charge/discharge tasks,effectively reducing charge/discharge losses of the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems and improving its operational efficiency.
文摘BACKGROUND Surgically created arterio-venous fistulas(AVFs)are the gold standard for haemodialysis access for patients with end-stage renal disease.Standard practice of AVF creation involves selecting the non-dominant upper limb and starting with most distally with radio-cephalic arterio-venous fistula.The primary patency rate of radio-cephalic arterio-venous fistula varies from 20%-25%.It has been suggested the neointimal hyperplasia at the mobilized venous segment causes stenosis of the anastomosis.Therefore,the radial artery deviation and reimplantation(RADAR)technique,in which the vein is minimally mobilized,should result in a higher success rate.AIM To compare the RADAR technique with classical technique in creation of AVF including:(1)Success rate;(2)Time to maturation;(3)Duration of surgery;and(4)Complication rate.METHODS In our study we recruited 94 patients in two randomized groups and performed the AVF by the classical method or the RADAR method.RESULTS The RADAR group had higher primary success rate(P=0.007),less rate of complications(P=0.04),shorter duration of surgery(P=0.00)and early time to maturation(0.001)when compared with the classical group.The RADAR procedure is a safe and a more efficient alternative to the current classical method of AVF creation.Longer duration of follow-up is required to assess the long-term outcomes in the future.CONCLUSION The RADAR procedure is a safe and more efficient alternative to the current classical method of AVF creation.Longer duration of follow-up is required to assess the long-term outcomes in the future.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.BK20220917)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12001213 and 12302035)。
文摘We present a large deviation theory that characterizes the exponential estimate for rare events in stochastic dynamical systems in the limit of weak noise.We aim to consider a next-to-leading-order approximation for more accurate calculation of the mean exit time by computing large deviation prefactors with the aid of machine learning.More specifically,we design a neural network framework to compute quasipotential,most probable paths and prefactors based on the orthogonal decomposition of a vector field.We corroborate the higher effectiveness and accuracy of our algorithm with two toy models.Numerical experiments demonstrate its powerful functionality in exploring the internal mechanism of rare events triggered by weak random fluctuations.
文摘Financial performance analysis is of vital importance those involved in a business(e.g.,shareholders,creditors,partners,and company managers).An accurate and appropriate performance measurement is critical for decision-makers to achieve efficient results.Integrated performance measurement,by its nature,consists of multiple criteria with different levels of importance.Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis(MCDA)methods have become increasingly popular for solving complex problems,especially over the last two decades.There are different evaluation methodologies in the literature for selecting the most appropriate one among over 200 MCDA methods.This study comprehensively analyzed 41 companies traded on the Borsa Istanbul Corporate Governance Index for 10 quarters using SWARA,CRITIC,and SD integrated with eight different MCDA method algorithms to determine the position of Turkey's most transparent companies in terms of financial performance.In this study,we propose"stock returns"as a benchmark in comparing and evaluating MCDA methods.Moreover,we calculate the"rank reversal performance of MCDA methods".Finally,we performed a"standard deviation"analysis to identify the objective and characteristic trends for each method.Interestingly,all these innovative comparison procedures suggest that PROMETHEE II(preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations II)and FUCA(Faire Un Choix Adéquat)are the most suitable MCDA methods.In other words,these methods produce a higher correlation with share price;they have fewer rank reversal problems,the distribution of scores they produce is wider,and the amount of information is higher.Thus,it can be said that these advantages make them preferable.The results show that this innovative methodological procedure based on'knowledge discovery'is verifiable,robust and efficient when choosing the MCDA method.
文摘On the basis of high precision requirement for input signals in the power system protection and control system,this paper,only for the influence of power system frequency deviation on extracting fundamental harmonic,studies the amplitude error of Fourier algorithm,presents a method of correcting frequency deviation,and further derives the formulas of improved Fourier algorithm.The simulation results verified the effectiveness of the algorithm,it not only can greatly weaken the influence of frequency deviation,but also increase the precision of the power system protection and control.As a result the study in this paper has practical application value.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50805023)the Program for Special Talent in Six Fields of Jiangsu Province(No.2008144)Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Project(No.BA2010093)
文摘To eliminate rotation deviation of sequential images mosaic when measuring linear dimensions of large scale parts with computer vision, a novel algorithm based on the chain code searching method is proposed. After image preprocessing, including image filtering, image segmentation, and edge detection, the chain code length of the contour line can be searched out by the proposed method. Then, the angle from the contour line to the coordinate axis is computed with the length of the contour line. After that, the sequence is rotated in the opposite direction and the rotation deviation is eliminated. It is prepared for the next mosaic of sequences in eliminating shifting deviation. Experiments are carried out on parts with a linear profile rotating angle from 0° to 9°. The results show that compared with the commonly used Hough transform, the new method has higher precision and faster speed, which is important in realizing online high precision measurements of large scale parts with a linear profile.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10671139,11001052)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No. BK2008284 )+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation ( No.20100471365)the Natural Science Foundation of Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province (No. 09KJD110003)Postdoctoral Research Program of Jiangsu Province (No.0901029C)
文摘The differences between two sequences of nonnegative independent and identically distributed random variables with sub-exponential tails and the random index are studied. The random index is a strictly stationary renewal counting process generated by some negatively associated random variables. Using a revised large deviation result of partial sums, the elementary renewal theorem and the central limit theorem of negatively associated random variables, a precise large deviation result is derived for the random sums. The result is applied to the customer-arrival-based insurance risk model. Some uniform asymptotics for the ruin probabilities of an insurance company are obtained as the number of customers or the time tends to infinity.
文摘Advertising English is viewed as an English style with such functional factors as attention value, readability, memorability, selling power. Commercial advertisements are the major concern of this paper. Deviation, namely the violation to the norms of a language, frequently appears in advertisements and can meet requirements of the style of advertising English. Due to limited space, this paper focuses on deviation on the phonological, graphological, lexical, grammatical, and semantic level. Analyzing deviation in advertising English can promote readers' aesthetic and appreciative ability and encourage advertisers to create advertisements with more efficiency, novelty, innovation in more effective language.
文摘Song is one of Christina Georgina Rossetti's most outstanding death poems,dealing with the main themes that she concerns:death,love and religion.This paper tries to use the technique of deviation that refers to violations to the standard language and readers'expectations to interpret this poem's stylistic features from the aspects of grammar,phonology,image,theme and narrative point of view.Through the stylistic analysis with the method of deviation,its solemn theme is exposed clearly.
基金supported by the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2006AA06Z107)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40930314)
文摘Most edge-detection methods rely on calculating gradient derivatives of the potential field, a process that is easily affected by noise and is therefore of low stability. We propose a new edge-detection method named correlation coefficient of multidirectional standard deviations（CCMS） that is solely based on statistics. First, we prove the reliability of the proposed method using a single model and then a combination of models. The proposed method is evaluated by comparing the results with those obtained by other edge-detection methods. The CCMS method offers outstanding recognition, retains the sharpness of details, and has low sensitivity to noise. We also applied the CCMS method to Bouguer anomaly data of a potash deposit in Laos. The applicability of the CCMS method is shown by comparing the inferred tectonic framework to that inferred from remote sensing（RS） data.
文摘Poetry is prominent for its stylistic characteristics since texts themselves are the carrier of meaning,an analysis of the stylistic features of poems is conducive to the understanding and interpretation of them.It is of great significance to learn something about stylistics if we want to explore the meaning of poetry,this kind of method can also be used to analyze other literary works.
基金Partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Education of ChinaPartly supported by the Science and Technology Research Item of Hubei Provincial Department of Education,Jiaghan University
文摘M-negatively associated random variables, which generalizes the classical one of negatively associated random variables and includes m-dependent sequences as its particular case, are introduced and studied. Large deviation principles and moderate deviation upper bounds for stationary m-negatively associated random variables are proved. Kolmogorov-type and Marcinkiewicz-type strong laws of large numbers as well as the three series theorem for m-negatively associated random variables are also given.
基金Research supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10271091)
文摘Let fn be a non-parametric kernel density estimator based on a kernel function K. and a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables taking values in R. The goal of this article is to prove moderate deviations and large deviations for the statistic sup ｜fn（x） - fn（-x） ｜.
文摘Charles Dickens is one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Victorian Age.In language,he is often compared with William Shakespeare for his adeptness with the vernacular and large vocabulary.Charles Dickens achieved a recognizable place among English writers through the use of the stylistic features in his fictional language.Oliver Twist is the best representative of Charles Dickens’style,which makes it the most appropriate choice for the present stylistic study on Charles Dickens.No one who has ever read the dehumanizing workhouse scenes of Oliver Twist and the dark,criminal underworld life can forget them.This thesis attempts to investigate Oliver Twist through the approach of modern stylistics,particularly the theory of linguistic devia tion.This thesis consists of an introduction,the main body and a conclusion.The introduction offers a brief summary of the com ments on Charles Dickens and Chapter X of Oliver Twist,introduces the newly rising linguistic deviation theories,and brings about the theories on which this thesis settles.The main body explores the deviation effects produced from four aspects:lexical deviation,grammatical deviation,graphological deviation,and semantic deviation.It endeavors to show Dickens’manipulating language and the effects achieved through this manipulation.The conclusion mainly sums up the previous analysis,and reveals the theme of the novel,positive effect of linguistic deviation and significance of deviation application.
基金Research supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10571139)
文摘We study moderate deviations for estimators of the drift parameter of the fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Two moderate deviation principles are obtained.
基金supported by the National Natural Foundation of China(Grant No.51875384)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.201601D011036)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.201801D121082)
文摘Automatic on-line detection of welding deviation based on machine vision is one of the key technologies of arc welding robot tracking welding,in which obtaining high quality weld pool image and accurate welding deviation detection algorithm are two important steps of tracking welding.Through the research and analysis of the weld pool image of gas metal arc welding(GMAW),it was found that the weld pool contains abundant welding information.First,the average gray value of the weld pool image can reflect the interference degree of arc to weld pool image and the heat input of welding process.Secondly,the tip of the weld pool image contour can reflect the center of the groove gap.Finally,the horizontal distance between the center coordinate of the wire contour and the tip coordinate of the weld pool image contour can reflect the welding deviation.On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of weld pool image,this paper proposes a new method of weld seam deviation detection,which includes the collection of weld pool image,image preprocessing,contour extraction and deviation calculation.The results of the tests and analyses showed that the maximum error of the on-line welding deviation obtained was about 2 pixels(0.17 mm)when the welding speed was≤60 cm/min,and the algorithm was stable enough to meet the requirements of real-time deviation detection for I-groove butt welding.The method can be applied to the on-line automatic welding deviation detection of arc welding robot.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11171262)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (200804860048)
文摘We give a definition of relative entropy with respect to a sublinear expectation and establish large deviation principle for the empirical measures for independent random variables under the sublinear expectation.
文摘This paper takes the synthesizing evaluation about industrial economic benefits by examples and proposes a new method named maximizing deviation method for multiindices decision. The new method can automatically determine the weight coefficients among the multiindices and also can obtain the exact and reliable evaluation results without subjectivity.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10571001)the Innovation Group Foundation of Anhui University
文摘Let （Xi） be a martingale difference sequence and Sn=∑^ni=1Xi Suppose （Xi） i=1 is bounded in L^p. In the case p ≥2, Lesigne and Volny （Stochastic Process. Appl. 96 （2001） 143） obtained the estimation μ（Sn 〉 n） ≤ cn^-p/2, Yulin Li （Statist. Probab. Lett. 62 （2003） 317） generalized the result to the case when p ∈ （1,2] and obtained μ（Sn 〉 n） ≤ cn^l-p, these are optimal in a certain sense. In this article, the authors study the large deviation of Sn for some dependent sequences and obtain the same order optimal upper bounds for μ（Sn 〉 n） as those for martingale difference sequence.
