In previous papers, we proposed the important Ztransformations and obtained general solutions to a large number of linear and quasi-linear partial differential equations for the first time. In this paper, we will use ...In previous papers, we proposed the important Ztransformations and obtained general solutions to a large number of linear and quasi-linear partial differential equations for the first time. In this paper, we will use the Z1transformation to get the general solutions of some nonlinear partial differential equations for the first time, and use the general solutions to obtain the exact solutions of some typical definite solution problems.展开更多
At the beginning of 2024,the cosmetic industry is bustling with prosperity and depression.On one hand,the perfume brand DOCUMENTS and the biotechnology company BIO-REGEN received financial investments.The medical comp...At the beginning of 2024,the cosmetic industry is bustling with prosperity and depression.On one hand,the perfume brand DOCUMENTS and the biotechnology company BIO-REGEN received financial investments.The medical company Trautec started pre-listing counseling.The first new raw material in the new year was registered.While on the other hand,the packaging material company Yiside declared bankruptcy.The beauty brand MAOGEPING failed to go public through an IPO again,after eight years’failure.Jinfa Labi,Watsons and Zhonghao Biology were all mired in recession.Hope and challenge hung over the first half month of 2024.With such a“magical”start,2024 will be definitely a year full of uncertainty.展开更多
Objective:Definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT)is the standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer.However,this treatment is associated with substantial toxicity,and most malnourished or elderly...Objective:Definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT)is the standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer.However,this treatment is associated with substantial toxicity,and most malnourished or elderly patients are unable to complete this therapy.Therefore,there is a need for a more suitable radiotherapy combination regimen for this population.This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination regimen comprising chemotherapy with nimotuzumab and S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy for patients with fragile locally advanced esophageal cancer with a high Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002)score.Methods:Eligible patients with unresectable esophageal carcinoma who had an NRS-2002 score of 2 or higher were enrolled.They were treated with S-1 and nimotuzumab with concurrent radiotherapy,followed by surgery or definitive radiotherapy.The primary endpoint was the locoregional control(LRC)rate.Results:A total of 55 patients who met the study criteria were enrolled.After completion of treatment,surgery was performed in 15 patients and radiotherapy was continued in 40 patients.The median follow-up period was 33.3[95%confidence interval(95%CI,31.4−35.1)]months.The LRC rate was 77.2%(95%CI,66.6%−89.4%)at 1 year in the entire population.The overall survival(OS)rate and event-free survival(EFS)rate were 57.5%and 51.5%at 3 years,respectively.Surgery was associated with better LRC[hazard ratio(HR)=0.16;95%CI,0.04−0.70;P=0.015],OS(HR=0.19;95%CI,0.04−0.80;P=0.024),and EFS(HR=0.25;95%CI,0.08−0.75;P=0.013).Most adverse events were of grade 1 or 2,and no severe adverse events occurred.Conclusions:For malnourished or elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer,radiotherapy combined with nimotuzumab and S-1 is effective and has a good safety profile.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and surgical resection are the standard of care for cT1N0M0 esophageal cancer(EC),whereas definitive chemoradiotherapy(d-CRT)is a treatment option.Nevertheless,the compa...BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and surgical resection are the standard of care for cT1N0M0 esophageal cancer(EC),whereas definitive chemoradiotherapy(d-CRT)is a treatment option.Nevertheless,the comparative efficiency and safety of ESD,surgery and d-CRT for cT1N0M0 EC remain unclear.AIM To compare the efficiency and safety of ESD,surgery and d-CRT for cT1N0M0 EC.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the hospitalized data of a total of 472 consecutive patients with cT1N0M0 EC treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer center between 2017-2019 and followed up until October 30th,2022.We analyzed demographic,medical recorded,histopathologic characteristics,imaging and endoscopic,and follow-up data.The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to analyze the difference of survival outcome by treatments.Inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)was used to minimize potential confounding factors.RESULTS We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent ESD(n=99)or surgery(n=220)or d-CRT(n=16)at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 2017 to 2019.The median follow-up time for the ESD group,the surgery group,and the d-CRT group was 42.0 mo(95%CI:35.0-60.2),45.0 mo(95%CI:34.0-61.75)and 32.5 mo(95%CI:28.3-40.0),respectively.After adjusting for background factors using IPTW,the highest 3-year overall survival(OS)rate and 3-year recurrence-free survival(RFS)rate were observed in the ESD group(3-year OS:99.7% and 94.7% and 79.1%;and 3-year RFS:98.3%,87.4% and 79.1%,in the ESD,surgical,and d-CRT groups,respectively).There was no difference of severe complications occurring between the three groups(P≥0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that treatment method,histology and depth of infiltration were independently associated with OS and RFS.CONCLUSION For cT1N0M0 EC,ESD had better long-term survival and lower hospitalization costs than those who underwent d-CRT and surgery,with a similar rate of severe complications occurring.展开更多
Objective:This integrative review aimed to identify the common characteristics of moral distress in nursing and distinguish it from other types of distress by examining nurses’perspectives in the literature.These ins...Objective:This integrative review aimed to identify the common characteristics of moral distress in nursing and distinguish it from other types of distress by examining nurses’perspectives in the literature.These insights will help update existing tools and create new ones to capture moral distress better,guiding the development and implementation of strategies to support nurses in addressing this challenge.Methods:Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative review method was employed to guide a systematic search for literature in three databases(EBSCO Medline,CINAHL,and PubMed).Additionally,two journals,Bioethics and Nursing Ethics,were manually searched to reduce search bias.The included studies were primary resources published in English between 2018 and 2023,utilizing quantitative,qualitative,or mixed methods to examine moral distress’s characteristics,components,and definitions.All of identified studies were screened,extracted,and analyzed independently by two researchers.Results:Nineteen studies were included.The results were grouped into five themes shaping the main characteristics of moral distress:1)experiencing a moral situation,with five ethically conflicted situations identified,including treatment plans,professional and personal moral values,team dynamics,complex contexts,clinical practices,and patient-centered care;2)making a moral judgment,where nurses experience moral distress when they cannot act consistently with their values,ethical principles,and moral duties;3)the presence of constraints,categorized at three levels:individual factors related to the nurse,patient,and patient’s family;team factors related to the team or unit involved;and system factors,including institutional and policy elements;4)moral wrongdoing,which occurs when nurses are unable to perform the right moral action;and 5)moral suffering,with studies showing that moral distress impacts physical,emotional,and psychological well-being.Conclusion:The findings enhance the understanding of moral distress characteristics among nursing staff,highlighting the concept of the crescendo effect,which underscores the cumulative and escalating nature of unresolved moral distress,emphasizing the need to address moral conflicts proactively to prevent the erosion of moral integrity and professional satisfaction.展开更多
Power electronic-interfaced renewable energy sources(RES)exhibit lower inertia compared to traditional synchronous generators.The large-scale integration of RES has led to a significant reduction in system inertia,pos...Power electronic-interfaced renewable energy sources(RES)exhibit lower inertia compared to traditional synchronous generators.The large-scale integration of RES has led to a significant reduction in system inertia,posing significant challenges for maintaining frequency stability in future power systems.This issue has garnered considerable attention in recent years.However,the existing research has not yet achieved a comprehensive understanding of system inertia and frequency stability in the context of low-inertia systems.To this end,this paper provides a comprehensive review of the definition,modeling,analysis,evaluation,and control for frequency stability.It commences with an exploration of inertia and frequency characteristics in low-inertia systems,followed by a novel definition of frequency stability.A summary of frequency stability modeling,analysis,and evaluation methods is then provided,along with their respective applicability in various scenarios.Additionally,the two critical factors of frequency control—energy sources at the system level and control strategies at the device level—are examined.Finally,an outlook on future research in low-inertia power systems is discussed.展开更多
The concept of giftedness has evolved significantly over the past century,shifting from a narrow,IQ-based perspective to a more inclusive and multifaceted understanding.Early theories,such as those developed by Alfred...The concept of giftedness has evolved significantly over the past century,shifting from a narrow,IQ-based perspective to a more inclusive and multifaceted understanding.Early theories,such as those developed by Alfred Binet and Lewis Terman,primarily focused on intelligence as a fixed,measurable trait.However,modern theories,including those by Joe Renzulli and Françoi Gagné,have expanded the definition to include creativity,motivation,and task commitment.This review aims to explore the evolution of giftedness definitions,addressing two main questions:How has the definition of giftedness developed over time,and to what extent do current definitions support equitable educational practices for gifted learners?The review analyses models such as Renzulli’s Three-Ring Model and Gagné’s Differentiated Model of Giftedness and Talent(DMGT),highlighting the importance of recognizing both innate potential and developed talent.The findings suggest that inclusive definitions of giftedness foster more effective,equitable educational practices,but challenges remain in implementing these frameworks universally.展开更多
SPEM(software process engineering metamodel)是国际标准化组织制定的标准元模型,正日益成为软件过程建模领域的行业标准,但在过程执行方面,SPEM还存在不足.将软件过程看作是一种特殊的工作流,提出了一种应用工作流运行机制支持软件...SPEM(software process engineering metamodel)是国际标准化组织制定的标准元模型,正日益成为软件过程建模领域的行业标准,但在过程执行方面,SPEM还存在不足.将软件过程看作是一种特殊的工作流,提出了一种应用工作流运行机制支持软件过程执行的方法.通过将SPEM模型转换为XPDL(XML process definition language)模型,利用XPDL引擎支持SPEM模型的执行.制定了SPEM和XPDL之间的映射规则,设计了转换算法并开发了转换引擎.该方法被应用在SoftPM项目中,成功地基于XPDL引擎Shark实现了对软件过程模型的执行支持.展开更多
This paper puts forword 11 cartographic generalization operator models and introduces their mathematical definitions,and thus a precise mathematical form and quantitative description has been given to these formerly l...This paper puts forword 11 cartographic generalization operator models and introduces their mathematical definitions,and thus a precise mathematical form and quantitative description has been given to these formerly limited qualitative concepts.The meaning of mathematical definition of operators for cartographic generalization and the application prospect in computer_aided cartography (CAC) is stated.ract The Jurassic strata in Jingyan of Sichuan containing the Mamenchinsaurus fauna are dealt with and divided in this paper. The Mamenchisaurus fossils contained there are compared in morphological features and stratigraphically with other types of the genus on by one. The comprehensive analysis show that the Mamenchisaurus fauna of Jingyan appeared in the early Late Jurassic and is primitive in morphology. The results of the morphological identification and stratigraphical study agree with each other. Their evolutionary processes in different apoches of the Late Jurassic also made clear. Key words Jingyan, Sichuan, Mamenchisaurus Fauna, stratigraphy, evolution展开更多
网络安全漏洞扫描应充分考虑执行的效率和信息的共享。本文通过对OVAL和Nessus的介绍,分析O- VAL Definition与Nessus plugin之间的异同,提出并实现了一种将OVAL公布的漏洞信息转换成Nessus扫描插件的方法,共享了漏洞信息,并提升了漏洞...网络安全漏洞扫描应充分考虑执行的效率和信息的共享。本文通过对OVAL和Nessus的介绍,分析O- VAL Definition与Nessus plugin之间的异同,提出并实现了一种将OVAL公布的漏洞信息转换成Nessus扫描插件的方法,共享了漏洞信息,并提升了漏洞检测的品质。最后经过实验说明该方法的可行性。展开更多
文摘In previous papers, we proposed the important Ztransformations and obtained general solutions to a large number of linear and quasi-linear partial differential equations for the first time. In this paper, we will use the Z1transformation to get the general solutions of some nonlinear partial differential equations for the first time, and use the general solutions to obtain the exact solutions of some typical definite solution problems.
文摘At the beginning of 2024,the cosmetic industry is bustling with prosperity and depression.On one hand,the perfume brand DOCUMENTS and the biotechnology company BIO-REGEN received financial investments.The medical company Trautec started pre-listing counseling.The first new raw material in the new year was registered.While on the other hand,the packaging material company Yiside declared bankruptcy.The beauty brand MAOGEPING failed to go public through an IPO again,after eight years’failure.Jinfa Labi,Watsons and Zhonghao Biology were all mired in recession.Hope and challenge hung over the first half month of 2024.With such a“magical”start,2024 will be definitely a year full of uncertainty.
基金supported by grants from Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(No.YYoung2023-0114).
文摘Objective:Definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT)is the standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer.However,this treatment is associated with substantial toxicity,and most malnourished or elderly patients are unable to complete this therapy.Therefore,there is a need for a more suitable radiotherapy combination regimen for this population.This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination regimen comprising chemotherapy with nimotuzumab and S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy for patients with fragile locally advanced esophageal cancer with a high Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002)score.Methods:Eligible patients with unresectable esophageal carcinoma who had an NRS-2002 score of 2 or higher were enrolled.They were treated with S-1 and nimotuzumab with concurrent radiotherapy,followed by surgery or definitive radiotherapy.The primary endpoint was the locoregional control(LRC)rate.Results:A total of 55 patients who met the study criteria were enrolled.After completion of treatment,surgery was performed in 15 patients and radiotherapy was continued in 40 patients.The median follow-up period was 33.3[95%confidence interval(95%CI,31.4−35.1)]months.The LRC rate was 77.2%(95%CI,66.6%−89.4%)at 1 year in the entire population.The overall survival(OS)rate and event-free survival(EFS)rate were 57.5%and 51.5%at 3 years,respectively.Surgery was associated with better LRC[hazard ratio(HR)=0.16;95%CI,0.04−0.70;P=0.015],OS(HR=0.19;95%CI,0.04−0.80;P=0.024),and EFS(HR=0.25;95%CI,0.08−0.75;P=0.013).Most adverse events were of grade 1 or 2,and no severe adverse events occurred.Conclusions:For malnourished or elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer,radiotherapy combined with nimotuzumab and S-1 is effective and has a good safety profile.
基金Supported by the Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute Science and Technology Program,No.M202013Guangdong Medical Research Foundation,No.A2021369.
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and surgical resection are the standard of care for cT1N0M0 esophageal cancer(EC),whereas definitive chemoradiotherapy(d-CRT)is a treatment option.Nevertheless,the comparative efficiency and safety of ESD,surgery and d-CRT for cT1N0M0 EC remain unclear.AIM To compare the efficiency and safety of ESD,surgery and d-CRT for cT1N0M0 EC.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the hospitalized data of a total of 472 consecutive patients with cT1N0M0 EC treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer center between 2017-2019 and followed up until October 30th,2022.We analyzed demographic,medical recorded,histopathologic characteristics,imaging and endoscopic,and follow-up data.The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to analyze the difference of survival outcome by treatments.Inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)was used to minimize potential confounding factors.RESULTS We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent ESD(n=99)or surgery(n=220)or d-CRT(n=16)at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 2017 to 2019.The median follow-up time for the ESD group,the surgery group,and the d-CRT group was 42.0 mo(95%CI:35.0-60.2),45.0 mo(95%CI:34.0-61.75)and 32.5 mo(95%CI:28.3-40.0),respectively.After adjusting for background factors using IPTW,the highest 3-year overall survival(OS)rate and 3-year recurrence-free survival(RFS)rate were observed in the ESD group(3-year OS:99.7% and 94.7% and 79.1%;and 3-year RFS:98.3%,87.4% and 79.1%,in the ESD,surgical,and d-CRT groups,respectively).There was no difference of severe complications occurring between the three groups(P≥0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that treatment method,histology and depth of infiltration were independently associated with OS and RFS.CONCLUSION For cT1N0M0 EC,ESD had better long-term survival and lower hospitalization costs than those who underwent d-CRT and surgery,with a similar rate of severe complications occurring.
文摘Objective:This integrative review aimed to identify the common characteristics of moral distress in nursing and distinguish it from other types of distress by examining nurses’perspectives in the literature.These insights will help update existing tools and create new ones to capture moral distress better,guiding the development and implementation of strategies to support nurses in addressing this challenge.Methods:Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative review method was employed to guide a systematic search for literature in three databases(EBSCO Medline,CINAHL,and PubMed).Additionally,two journals,Bioethics and Nursing Ethics,were manually searched to reduce search bias.The included studies were primary resources published in English between 2018 and 2023,utilizing quantitative,qualitative,or mixed methods to examine moral distress’s characteristics,components,and definitions.All of identified studies were screened,extracted,and analyzed independently by two researchers.Results:Nineteen studies were included.The results were grouped into five themes shaping the main characteristics of moral distress:1)experiencing a moral situation,with five ethically conflicted situations identified,including treatment plans,professional and personal moral values,team dynamics,complex contexts,clinical practices,and patient-centered care;2)making a moral judgment,where nurses experience moral distress when they cannot act consistently with their values,ethical principles,and moral duties;3)the presence of constraints,categorized at three levels:individual factors related to the nurse,patient,and patient’s family;team factors related to the team or unit involved;and system factors,including institutional and policy elements;4)moral wrongdoing,which occurs when nurses are unable to perform the right moral action;and 5)moral suffering,with studies showing that moral distress impacts physical,emotional,and psychological well-being.Conclusion:The findings enhance the understanding of moral distress characteristics among nursing staff,highlighting the concept of the crescendo effect,which underscores the cumulative and escalating nature of unresolved moral distress,emphasizing the need to address moral conflicts proactively to prevent the erosion of moral integrity and professional satisfaction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2166601)。
文摘Power electronic-interfaced renewable energy sources(RES)exhibit lower inertia compared to traditional synchronous generators.The large-scale integration of RES has led to a significant reduction in system inertia,posing significant challenges for maintaining frequency stability in future power systems.This issue has garnered considerable attention in recent years.However,the existing research has not yet achieved a comprehensive understanding of system inertia and frequency stability in the context of low-inertia systems.To this end,this paper provides a comprehensive review of the definition,modeling,analysis,evaluation,and control for frequency stability.It commences with an exploration of inertia and frequency characteristics in low-inertia systems,followed by a novel definition of frequency stability.A summary of frequency stability modeling,analysis,and evaluation methods is then provided,along with their respective applicability in various scenarios.Additionally,the two critical factors of frequency control—energy sources at the system level and control strategies at the device level—are examined.Finally,an outlook on future research in low-inertia power systems is discussed.
文摘The concept of giftedness has evolved significantly over the past century,shifting from a narrow,IQ-based perspective to a more inclusive and multifaceted understanding.Early theories,such as those developed by Alfred Binet and Lewis Terman,primarily focused on intelligence as a fixed,measurable trait.However,modern theories,including those by Joe Renzulli and Françoi Gagné,have expanded the definition to include creativity,motivation,and task commitment.This review aims to explore the evolution of giftedness definitions,addressing two main questions:How has the definition of giftedness developed over time,and to what extent do current definitions support equitable educational practices for gifted learners?The review analyses models such as Renzulli’s Three-Ring Model and Gagné’s Differentiated Model of Giftedness and Talent(DMGT),highlighting the importance of recognizing both innate potential and developed talent.The findings suggest that inclusive definitions of giftedness foster more effective,equitable educational practices,but challenges remain in implementing these frameworks universally.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60273026(国家自然科学基金)the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No.2002AA116060(国家高技术研究发展计划(863))
文摘SPEM(software process engineering metamodel)是国际标准化组织制定的标准元模型,正日益成为软件过程建模领域的行业标准,但在过程执行方面,SPEM还存在不足.将软件过程看作是一种特殊的工作流,提出了一种应用工作流运行机制支持软件过程执行的方法.通过将SPEM模型转换为XPDL(XML process definition language)模型,利用XPDL引擎支持SPEM模型的执行.制定了SPEM和XPDL之间的映射规则,设计了转换算法并开发了转换引擎.该方法被应用在SoftPM项目中,成功地基于XPDL引擎Shark实现了对软件过程模型的执行支持.
文摘This paper puts forword 11 cartographic generalization operator models and introduces their mathematical definitions,and thus a precise mathematical form and quantitative description has been given to these formerly limited qualitative concepts.The meaning of mathematical definition of operators for cartographic generalization and the application prospect in computer_aided cartography (CAC) is stated.ract The Jurassic strata in Jingyan of Sichuan containing the Mamenchinsaurus fauna are dealt with and divided in this paper. The Mamenchisaurus fossils contained there are compared in morphological features and stratigraphically with other types of the genus on by one. The comprehensive analysis show that the Mamenchisaurus fauna of Jingyan appeared in the early Late Jurassic and is primitive in morphology. The results of the morphological identification and stratigraphical study agree with each other. Their evolutionary processes in different apoches of the Late Jurassic also made clear. Key words Jingyan, Sichuan, Mamenchisaurus Fauna, stratigraphy, evolution
文摘网络安全漏洞扫描应充分考虑执行的效率和信息的共享。本文通过对OVAL和Nessus的介绍,分析O- VAL Definition与Nessus plugin之间的异同,提出并实现了一种将OVAL公布的漏洞信息转换成Nessus扫描插件的方法,共享了漏洞信息,并提升了漏洞检测的品质。最后经过实验说明该方法的可行性。
文摘目的:探讨西门子Somatom Definition Flash炫速双源CT冠脉成像的辐射剂量优化与胸廓径线的关系。方法:以笔者所在医院2014年6-12月经Somatom Definition Flash炫速双源CT冠脉成像检查的52例患者为研究对象,根据患者的体质指数BMI分为A、B两组:A组患者(BMI<25 kg/m2)29例,扫描参数为管电压120 k V,管电流220 m As。B组患者(25 kg/m2≤BMI<30 kg/m2)23例,扫描参数为管电压120 k V,管电流330 m As。计算冠脉相对于背脊肌的对比噪声比(CNR)、信噪比(SNR)。对CNR和SNR与胸廓径线、BMI的相关性进行检验。结果:A、B两组患者胸廓AP、RL径线均与CNR具有相关性(P<0.05)。A、B两组患者CNR、SNR与RL径线的相关系数均大于CNR、SNR与AP径线的相关系数。除A组第2层面外,CNR与AP径线的相关系数均大于其与BMI的相关系数。结论:胸廓径线可以指导Somatom Definition Flash炫速双源CT冠脉成像的辐射剂量。
