Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,envir...Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and biomedicine.There-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be analyzed.Based on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are summarized.In addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are elucidated.Moreover,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in detail.Most importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are identified.Furthermore,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.展开更多
Despite the promising progress in conductive hydrogels made with pure conducting polymer,great challenges remain in the interface adhesion and robustness in longterm monitoring.To address these challenges,Prof.Seung H...Despite the promising progress in conductive hydrogels made with pure conducting polymer,great challenges remain in the interface adhesion and robustness in longterm monitoring.To address these challenges,Prof.Seung Hwan Ko and Taek-Soo Kim’s team introduced a laserinduced phase separation and adhesion method for fabricating conductive hydrogels consisting of pure poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate on polymer substrates.The laser-induced phase separation and adhesion treated conducting polymers can be selectively transformed into conductive hydrogels that exhibit wet conductivities of 101.4 S cm^(−1) with a spatial resolution down to 5μm.Moreover,they maintain impedance and charge-storage capacity even after 1 h of sonication.The micropatterned electrode arrays demonstrate their potential in long-term in vivo signal recordings,highlighting their promising role in the field of bioelectronics.展开更多
Erigerontis Herba(EH),the dried whole plant of Erigeron breviscapus,is well-known for circulating blood,activating meridians to alleviate pain,expelling wind,and clearing away cold.It has been extensively utilized in ...Erigerontis Herba(EH),the dried whole plant of Erigeron breviscapus,is well-known for circulating blood,activating meridians to alleviate pain,expelling wind,and clearing away cold.It has been extensively utilized in southern China for the treatment of stroke hemiplegia,chest stuffiness and pains,rheumatic arthralgia,headache,and toothache.This review focuses on the botany,ethnopharmacology,phytochemistry,pharmacology and toxicity of EH and its related prescriptions to offer new insights for prospective research of EH.Relevant information about EH was retrieved from ancient records and books,PubMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chinese Pharmacopoeia,Web of Science,Doctoral and Master’s Theses,and various electronic databases.EH is a member of Compositae family and is mainly grown in southern China.Traditional Chinese medicine records that EH has the effects of circulating blood and removing blood stasis,expelling wind,and removing cold,as well as relieving rigidity of muscle and relieving pain.By now,nearly 200 ingredients have been characterized from EH,including flavonoids,caffeoyls,aromatic acids,coumarins,pentacyclic terpenoids,volatile oil and other compounds.EH extracts,EH related prescriptions(Dengzhan Xixin injection,Dengzhan Shengmai capsules,etc.)or compounds(scutellarin,scutellarein,etc.)possessed obvious therapeutic effects of ischemic stroke,cerebral hemorrhage,myocardial infarction,Alzheimer’s disease,diabetes and its complications,gastric cancer,bone,and joint degenerative diseases.Scutellarin,the major active compound of EH,has been used as a quality marker.And no obvious toxicity of EH has been reported.According to its traditional applications,ethnopharmacology,phytochemistry,pharmacology,and toxicity,EH was applied as a valuable herb for clinical application in food and medicine fields.While several compounds have been shown to possess diverse biological activities,the underlying mechanisms of their actions remain elusive.To fully exploit the medicinal potential of EH,further studies on understanding the effective material basis and mechanisms are warranted.展开更多
Concerns about air quality in dental clinics where aerosol generation during procedures poses significant health risks,have prompted investigations on advanced disinfection technologies.This editorial describes the st...Concerns about air quality in dental clinics where aerosol generation during procedures poses significant health risks,have prompted investigations on advanced disinfection technologies.This editorial describes the strengths and limitations of ventilation and aerosol control measures in dental offices,especially with respect to the use of graphene nanocomposites.The potential of graphene nanocomposites as an innovative solution to aerosol-associated health risks is examined in this review due to the unique properties of graphene(e.g.,high con-ductivity,mechanical strength,and antimicrobial activity).These properties have produced promising results in various fields,but the application of graphene in dentistry remains unexplored.The recent study by Ju et al which was published in World Journal of Clinical Cases evaluated the effectiveness of graphene-based air disinfection systems in dental clinics.The study demonstrated that graphene-based disinfection techniques produced significant reductions in suspended particulate matter and bacterial colony counts,when co-mpared with traditional methods.Despite these positive results,challenges such as material saturation,frequency of filter replacement,and associated costs must be addressed before widespread adoption of graphene-based disinfection techniques in clinical practice.Therefore,there is need for further research on material structure optimization,long-term safety evaluations,and broader clinical applications,in order to maximize their positive impact on public health.展开更多
Software-related security aspects are a growing and legitimate concern,especially with 5G data available just at our palms.To conduct research in this field,periodic comparative analysis is needed with the new techniq...Software-related security aspects are a growing and legitimate concern,especially with 5G data available just at our palms.To conduct research in this field,periodic comparative analysis is needed with the new techniques coming up rapidly.The purpose of this study is to review the recent developments in the field of security integration in the software development lifecycle(SDLC)by analyzing the articles published in the last two decades and to propose a way forward.This review follows Kitchenham’s review protocol.The review has been divided into three main stages including planning,execution,and analysis.From the selected 100 articles,it becomes evident that need of a collaborative approach is necessary for addressing critical software security risks(CSSRs)through effective risk management/estimation techniques.Quantifying risks using a numeric scale enables a comprehensive understanding of their severity,facilitating focused resource allocation and mitigation efforts.Through a comprehensive understanding of potential vulnerabilities and proactive mitigation efforts facilitated by protection poker,organizations can prioritize resources effectively to ensure the successful outcome of projects and initiatives in today’s dynamic threat landscape.The review reveals that threat analysis and security testing are needed to develop automated tools for the future.Accurate estimation of effort required to prioritize potential security risks is a big challenge in software security.The accuracy of effort estimation can be further improved by exploring new techniques,particularly those involving deep learning.It is also imperative to validate these effort estimation methods to ensure all potential security threats are addressed.Another challenge is selecting the right model for each specific security threat.To achieve a comprehensive evaluation,researchers should use well-known benchmark checklists.展开更多
Theoretical education and practical education are very important in clinical laboratory teaching.The teaching evaluation system is one of the important means to test the quality of course teaching.The traditional summ...Theoretical education and practical education are very important in clinical laboratory teaching.The teaching evaluation system is one of the important means to test the quality of course teaching.The traditional summative evaluation needs to be improved in terms of scientificity and impartiality,and its guiding effect on teaching reform is limited.Therefore,this paper proposes to apply formative evaluation to clinical laboratory teaching to remobilize students'learning enthusiasm and provide valuable guidance for the subsequent teaching reform,hoping to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of laboratory teaching.展开更多
BACKGROUND Malignant obstructive jaundice(MOJ)is characterized by the presence of malignant tumors infiltrating or compressing the bile duct,causing poor bile drainage,generalized yellowing,pain,itching,and malaise.MO...BACKGROUND Malignant obstructive jaundice(MOJ)is characterized by the presence of malignant tumors infiltrating or compressing the bile duct,causing poor bile drainage,generalized yellowing,pain,itching,and malaise.MOJ is burdensome for both the society and the families of affected patients and should be taken seriously.AIM To evaluate the clinical effect of stent placement during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for relieving MOJ and the efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in terms of liver function improvement,complication rates,and long-term patient outcomes.METHODS The clinical data of 59 patients with MOJ who were admitted to our hospital between March 2018 and August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the treatment method,the patients were divided into an observation group(29 patients)and a control group(30 patients).General data,liver function indices,complications,adverse effects,and 3-year survival rates after different surgical treatments were recorded for the two groups.RESULTS There were no significant differences in baseline information(sex,age,tumor type,or tumor diameter)between the two groups(P>0.05).Alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and total bilirubin levels were significantly better in both groups after surgery than before surgery(P<0.05).The overall incidence of biliary bleeding,gastrointestinal bleeding,pancreatitis,and cholangitis was 6.9%in the observation group and 30%in the control group(P<0.05).No significant differences in the rates of blood transfusion,intensive care unit admission,or death within 3 years were observed between the two groups at the 1-month follow-up(P>0.05).The 3-year survival rates were 46.06%and 39.71%in the observation and control groups,respectively.CONCLUSION Endoscopic biliary stenting effectively relieves MOJ and significantly improves liver function,with minimal complications.This technique is a promising palliative approach for patients ineligible for radical surgery.However,further research is needed to optimize current treatment strategies and to explore their potential in treating nonmalignant cases of obstructive jaundice.展开更多
Zinc oxide(ZnO),as a broadband gap semiconductor material,exhibits unique physical and chemical properties that make it highly suitable for optoelectronics,piezoelectric devices,and gas-sensitive sensors,showing signi...Zinc oxide(ZnO),as a broadband gap semiconductor material,exhibits unique physical and chemical properties that make it highly suitable for optoelectronics,piezoelectric devices,and gas-sensitive sensors,showing significant potential for various applications.This paper focuses on the regulation and application of ZnO-based p-n junctions and piezoelectric devices.It discusses in detail the preparation of ZnO materials,the construction of p-n junctions,the optimization of piezoelectric device performance,and its application in various fields.By employing different preparation methods and strategies,high-quality ZnO thin films can be grown,and effective control of p-type conductivity achieved.This study provides both a theoretical foundation and technical support for controlling the performance of ZnO-based piezoelectric devices,as well as paving new pathways for the broader application of ZnO materials.展开更多
The Health Action Process Approach(HAPA),developed by German psychologist Schwarzer in the 1980s,provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and influencing health behavior change.By dividing behavior change ...The Health Action Process Approach(HAPA),developed by German psychologist Schwarzer in the 1980s,provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and influencing health behavior change.By dividing behavior change into three dynamic stages-pre-intention,intention,and action-HAPA highlights the critical role of self-efficacy as a driving force in adopting healthier behaviors.This stage-based approach addresses the limitations of continuous health behavior models by emphasizing individual differentiation and recognizing that behavior change is not linear but progresses through distinct phases.HAPA theory has demonstrated significant potential in clinical applications,particularly in orthopedic postoperative patients.Its implementation facilitates the development of positive behavioral intentions,enhances self-efficacy,and supports sustained health action,ultimately improving patients’health outcomes and quality of life.Tailored interventions based on HAPA stages ensure that patients receive appropriate guidance and support throughout their recovery journey.Despite its successes,limitations remain.Future research should focus on expanding the application of HAPA to various orthopedic conditions and developing more targeted behavioral plans and health education programs to optimize patient rehabilitation.Additionally,further exploration is needed to sustain HAPA’s effectiveness during long-term recovery.Strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration and integrating HAPA with other theoretical models could create a more comprehensive health behavior education system,providing robust support for orthopedic patients and advancing their overall recovery and well-being.展开更多
With the advancement of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),TCM granules have emerged and garnered widespread attention.This study provides a comprehensive review of the development of TCM granules,...With the advancement of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),TCM granules have emerged and garnered widespread attention.This study provides a comprehensive review of the development of TCM granules,analyzing their characteristics in terms of ease of use,quality stability,and pharmacodynamic advantages.It also explores their broad application prospects in clinical TCM treatment and preventive healthcare.Through an integrative analysis of relevant research literature,the study highlights the significant value and vast development potential of TCM granules in modern medicine.The article aims to offer valuable references for the modernization and internationalization of TCM while promoting the continuous development and innovative application of TCM granules in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
Smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain continue to revolutionize decentralized applications (dApps) by allowing for self-executing agreements. However, bad actors have continuously found ways to exploit smart cont...Smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain continue to revolutionize decentralized applications (dApps) by allowing for self-executing agreements. However, bad actors have continuously found ways to exploit smart contracts for personal financial gain, which undermines the integrity of the Ethereum blockchain. This paper proposes a computer program called SADA (Static and Dynamic Analyzer), a novel approach to smart contract vulnerability detection using multiple Large Language Model (LLM) agents to analyze and flag suspicious Solidity code for Ethereum smart contracts. SADA not only improves upon existing vulnerability detection methods but also paves the way for more secure smart contract development practices in the rapidly evolving blockchain ecosystem.展开更多
Hypertrophic scars(HS)are fibrotic proliferative diseases that develop after deep skin injuries caused by trauma,burns,and surgery.Traditional treatment methods include both surgical and nonsurgical therapies.Early in...Hypertrophic scars(HS)are fibrotic proliferative diseases that develop after deep skin injuries caused by trauma,burns,and surgery.Traditional treatment methods include both surgical and nonsurgical therapies.Early intervention and combination therapy tailored to the individual needs of the patients are crucial for achieving optimal results.Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology,a rapid prototyping technique,is increasingly being applied in the medical field.The customization and precise functionality of 3D printing technology are particularly important for the rehabilitation of HS.This review provides an overview of HS and the role of 3D printing technology in medical applications,analyses the application of 3D-printed rehabilitation aids for HS,and discusses the use of 3D printing technology to improve HS treatment outcomes,thereby providing clinical guidance for effective HS rehabilitation.展开更多
Bangladesh’s thriving okra cultivation sector annually yields substantial harvests, yet a significant portion of the plant remains underutilized after harvesting, posing as agricultural waste. This oversight neglects...Bangladesh’s thriving okra cultivation sector annually yields substantial harvests, yet a significant portion of the plant remains underutilized after harvesting, posing as agricultural waste. This oversight neglects the economic potential of okra fiber, which is versatile and valuable across various industries. This paper explores this untapped potential by investigating the physico-mechanical properties, chemical treatments, and fabrication techniques of okra fiber, drawing from a wealth of research. Comparative analyses with established natural fibers like jute and sisal shed light on okra fiber’s transformative role in Bangladesh’s economic landscape. Along with the applications in the fashion world, meticulous investigation into its mechanical, thermal, and morphological characteristics uncovers inherent strengths and integration pathways into industrial applications. Strategies for optimizing yield and quality, including novel approaches like photo-grafting and protein extraction, are explored. Considerations for cytotoxicity and environmental sustainability ensure its viability as a green resource. This research aims to unlock okra fiber’s full potential, positioning Bangladesh for sustainable economic development and innovation.展开更多
With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(AI)technology in the field of education,global educational systems are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges,urgently requiring the establis...With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(AI)technology in the field of education,global educational systems are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges,urgently requiring the establishment of comprehensive,flexible,and forward-looking governance solutions.The“Australian Framework for Generative AI in Schools”builds a multi-dimensional governance system covering aspects such as teaching and humanistic care,fairness and transparency,and accountability and security.Based on 22 specific principles and six core elements,it emphasizes a human-centered design concept,adopts a principle-based flexible structure,focuses on fairness and transparency,and stresses accountability and security.The framework provides valuable references for the use of generative AI in China’s education system and holds significant importance for promoting educational modernization and cultivating innovative talents adapted to the era of artificial intelligence.展开更多
Forest planning involves estimating the biomass of species present in the area.Two fundamental parameters are diameter and height through which it is possible to indirectly estimate of biomass present.Digitalisation o...Forest planning involves estimating the biomass of species present in the area.Two fundamental parameters are diameter and height through which it is possible to indirectly estimate of biomass present.Digitalisation of forestry operations,such as forest planning,is crucial and should be affordable and easy-to-use digital applications and open-source devices.A digital progressive web application(PWA)was designed to record measurements.The app was connected via bluetoot to an open-source IoT digital forestry caliper prototyped by modifying a commercial tree caliper.An economic analysis was carried out considering all costs necessary for the development and operation of the app on smartphones and the preparation of electronic means for creation of the digital caliper.A comparison was made between costs of detecting tree diameters through application of the technology developed compared to costs calculated by applying the use of a dendrometric caliper(three technological levels were considered:L1,L2 and L3).The PWA allowed for easy data entry and viewing,maps and tree densities.The open-source digital caliper showed accuracy and precision comparable with similar commercial devices(1.5%±0.9%and 0.0%±0.9%,respectively).Total time per operator was lower using the digital caliper.From an economic perspective,application of the digital technology was more sustainable than the traditional system.Use of the digital caliper in combination with the web application optimizes detection time of a single tree,and therefore decreases overall cost.展开更多
Hydrogen energy is a renewable and clean resource,that can promote the transformation of energy use terminals to green and low carbon,alleviate the current problems of energy shortage,respond to China’s“double carbo...Hydrogen energy is a renewable and clean resource,that can promote the transformation of energy use terminals to green and low carbon,alleviate the current problems of energy shortage,respond to China’s“double carbon”strategy,and further implement the energy-saving and emission reduction targets.The hydrogen fuel cell is an efficient and environmentally friendly distributed power generation device,with the advantages of high energy density,zero-emission,fast charging speed,etc.,and has been widely used in the fields of new energy vehicles,electric power equipment,and portable equipment.This paper analyzes the principle and advantages of hydrogen fuel cells,analyzes the key technology system of hydrogen fuel cells and the application of artificial intelligence in hydrogen fuel cells,proposes to strengthen the research on hydrogen production technology,accelerates the technical research and transformation application of key materials and core components,formulate industrial planning scientifically and actively promote hydrogen fuel cell,and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,to promote the development of the hydrogen fuel cell industry.展开更多
Nucleic acid analysis is a key technique that enables accurate detection of various microorganisms.Conventional nucleic acid testing typically requires access to specialized laboratories,equipment,and trained personne...Nucleic acid analysis is a key technique that enables accurate detection of various microorganisms.Conventional nucleic acid testing typically requires access to specialized laboratories,equipment,and trained personnel,which hinders the widespread use of on-site testing for DNA and RNA targets.However,integrating gene editing technology with traditional nucleic acid detection methods,especially isothermal amplification technology,can help overcome the limitations associated with on-site testing.This combination can accomplish precise and swift detection of nucleic acid sequences,offering a robust tool for on-site detection.The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins(CRISPR/Cas)technology,which comprises the CRISPR system and Cas effector proteins,is a powerful tool that is advancing the field of nucleic acid detection.Specifically,Cas12,Cas13,and Cas14 proteins have emerged as straightforward,effective,precise,sensitive,and cost-effective methods for in vitro nucleic acid detection because of their“collateral cleavage”characteristics.When combined with the“collateral cleavage”ability of Cas protein and isothermal amplification,CRISPR/Cas systems have great potential to advance nucleic acid detection.This article summarizes the research progress of different CRISPR/Cas systems and their applications in nucleic acid detection and future perspectives.展开更多
This study focuses on the teaching reform of the communication application development course based on the core requirements of engineering education accreditation.To address key challenges such as the disconnection b...This study focuses on the teaching reform of the communication application development course based on the core requirements of engineering education accreditation.To address key challenges such as the disconnection between software and hardware teaching and insufficient practical skills among students,a project-driven“learning-practiceapplication”teaching model is proposed.By optimizing course content,innovating teaching methods,and introducing university-industry collaboration mechanisms,the reform aligns the curriculum more closely with engineering education standards and industry demands.The approach significantly enhances students’comprehensive skills,practical abilities,and employability.This study provides theoretical foundations and practical strategies for the teaching reform of courses in communication engineering.展开更多
This study utilized a computer application developed in Visual StudioTM using C# to extract pixel samples (RGB) from multiple images (26 images obtained from August 20, 2024, to September 22, 2024), of a purslane pot ...This study utilized a computer application developed in Visual StudioTM using C# to extract pixel samples (RGB) from multiple images (26 images obtained from August 20, 2024, to September 22, 2024), of a purslane pot taken from a top-down perspective at a distance of 30 cm. These samples were projected into the CIELAB color space, and the extracted pixels were plotted on the a*b* plane, excluding the luminance value. A polygon was then drawn around all the plotted pixels, defining the color to be identified. Subsequently, the application analyzed another image to determine the number of pixels within the polygon. These identified pixels were transformed to white, and the percentage of these pixels relative to the total number of pixels in the image was calculated. This process yielded percentages for brown (soil), green (leaf cover), and pink (stem color). A single polygon was sufficient to accurately identify the green and brown colors in the images. However, due to varying lighting conditions, customized polygons were necessary for each image to accurately identify the stem color. To validate the green polygon’s accuracy in identifying purslane leaves, all leaves in the image were digitized in AutoCADTM, and the green area was compared to the total image area to obtain the observed green percentage. The green percentage obtained with the polygon was then compared to the observed green percentage, resulting in an R2 value of 0.8431. Similarly, for the brown color, an R2 value of 0.9305 was found. The stem color was not subjected to this validation due to the necessity of multiple polygons. The R2 values were derived from percentage data obtained by analyzing the total pixels in the images. When sampling to estimate the proportion and analyzing only the suggested sample size of pixels, R2 values of 0.93049 for brown and 0.8088 for green were obtained. The average analysis time to determine the brown soil percentage using the polygon (BP) for 26 images with an average size of 1070 × 1210 pixels was 44 seconds. In contrast, sampling to estimate the proportion reduced the analysis time to 0.9 seconds for the same number of images. This indicates that significant time savings can be achieved while obtaining similar results.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use. Methods: A total of 200 patients who used intravenous indwelling needles during hosp...Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use. Methods: A total of 200 patients who used intravenous indwelling needles during hospital treatment from July to October 2022 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 100 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing methods, while those in the observation group were managed using the safety risk management method of the infusion project team. The tube blocking rate and tube removal rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The one-time puncture success rate and the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and patient satisfaction in the observation group was notably higher, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use is effective and has positive impacts on improving the one-time puncture success rate, the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use, and patient satisfaction. It is a practice worth promoting in clinical settings.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51574105)the Science and Technology Program of Hebei Province,China(No.23564101D)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(No.E2021209147)the Key Research Project of North China University of Science and Technology(No.ZD-ST-202308)the Postgraduate Innovation Funding Project of Hebei Province,China(No.CXZZBS2024135).
文摘Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and biomedicine.There-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be analyzed.Based on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are summarized.In addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are elucidated.Moreover,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in detail.Most importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are identified.Furthermore,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52475610)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LDQ24E050001).
文摘Despite the promising progress in conductive hydrogels made with pure conducting polymer,great challenges remain in the interface adhesion and robustness in longterm monitoring.To address these challenges,Prof.Seung Hwan Ko and Taek-Soo Kim’s team introduced a laserinduced phase separation and adhesion method for fabricating conductive hydrogels consisting of pure poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate on polymer substrates.The laser-induced phase separation and adhesion treated conducting polymers can be selectively transformed into conductive hydrogels that exhibit wet conductivities of 101.4 S cm^(−1) with a spatial resolution down to 5μm.Moreover,they maintain impedance and charge-storage capacity even after 1 h of sonication.The micropatterned electrode arrays demonstrate their potential in long-term in vivo signal recordings,highlighting their promising role in the field of bioelectronics.
基金funded by the State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources(Guangxi Normal University)(CMEMR2022-B11)the Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher education Institution of China(22KJB360018)Jiangsu Province University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurial Training Program(202311117019Z).
文摘Erigerontis Herba(EH),the dried whole plant of Erigeron breviscapus,is well-known for circulating blood,activating meridians to alleviate pain,expelling wind,and clearing away cold.It has been extensively utilized in southern China for the treatment of stroke hemiplegia,chest stuffiness and pains,rheumatic arthralgia,headache,and toothache.This review focuses on the botany,ethnopharmacology,phytochemistry,pharmacology and toxicity of EH and its related prescriptions to offer new insights for prospective research of EH.Relevant information about EH was retrieved from ancient records and books,PubMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chinese Pharmacopoeia,Web of Science,Doctoral and Master’s Theses,and various electronic databases.EH is a member of Compositae family and is mainly grown in southern China.Traditional Chinese medicine records that EH has the effects of circulating blood and removing blood stasis,expelling wind,and removing cold,as well as relieving rigidity of muscle and relieving pain.By now,nearly 200 ingredients have been characterized from EH,including flavonoids,caffeoyls,aromatic acids,coumarins,pentacyclic terpenoids,volatile oil and other compounds.EH extracts,EH related prescriptions(Dengzhan Xixin injection,Dengzhan Shengmai capsules,etc.)or compounds(scutellarin,scutellarein,etc.)possessed obvious therapeutic effects of ischemic stroke,cerebral hemorrhage,myocardial infarction,Alzheimer’s disease,diabetes and its complications,gastric cancer,bone,and joint degenerative diseases.Scutellarin,the major active compound of EH,has been used as a quality marker.And no obvious toxicity of EH has been reported.According to its traditional applications,ethnopharmacology,phytochemistry,pharmacology,and toxicity,EH was applied as a valuable herb for clinical application in food and medicine fields.While several compounds have been shown to possess diverse biological activities,the underlying mechanisms of their actions remain elusive.To fully exploit the medicinal potential of EH,further studies on understanding the effective material basis and mechanisms are warranted.
文摘Concerns about air quality in dental clinics where aerosol generation during procedures poses significant health risks,have prompted investigations on advanced disinfection technologies.This editorial describes the strengths and limitations of ventilation and aerosol control measures in dental offices,especially with respect to the use of graphene nanocomposites.The potential of graphene nanocomposites as an innovative solution to aerosol-associated health risks is examined in this review due to the unique properties of graphene(e.g.,high con-ductivity,mechanical strength,and antimicrobial activity).These properties have produced promising results in various fields,but the application of graphene in dentistry remains unexplored.The recent study by Ju et al which was published in World Journal of Clinical Cases evaluated the effectiveness of graphene-based air disinfection systems in dental clinics.The study demonstrated that graphene-based disinfection techniques produced significant reductions in suspended particulate matter and bacterial colony counts,when co-mpared with traditional methods.Despite these positive results,challenges such as material saturation,frequency of filter replacement,and associated costs must be addressed before widespread adoption of graphene-based disinfection techniques in clinical practice.Therefore,there is need for further research on material structure optimization,long-term safety evaluations,and broader clinical applications,in order to maximize their positive impact on public health.
文摘Software-related security aspects are a growing and legitimate concern,especially with 5G data available just at our palms.To conduct research in this field,periodic comparative analysis is needed with the new techniques coming up rapidly.The purpose of this study is to review the recent developments in the field of security integration in the software development lifecycle(SDLC)by analyzing the articles published in the last two decades and to propose a way forward.This review follows Kitchenham’s review protocol.The review has been divided into three main stages including planning,execution,and analysis.From the selected 100 articles,it becomes evident that need of a collaborative approach is necessary for addressing critical software security risks(CSSRs)through effective risk management/estimation techniques.Quantifying risks using a numeric scale enables a comprehensive understanding of their severity,facilitating focused resource allocation and mitigation efforts.Through a comprehensive understanding of potential vulnerabilities and proactive mitigation efforts facilitated by protection poker,organizations can prioritize resources effectively to ensure the successful outcome of projects and initiatives in today’s dynamic threat landscape.The review reveals that threat analysis and security testing are needed to develop automated tools for the future.Accurate estimation of effort required to prioritize potential security risks is a big challenge in software security.The accuracy of effort estimation can be further improved by exploring new techniques,particularly those involving deep learning.It is also imperative to validate these effort estimation methods to ensure all potential security threats are addressed.Another challenge is selecting the right model for each specific security threat.To achieve a comprehensive evaluation,researchers should use well-known benchmark checklists.
文摘Theoretical education and practical education are very important in clinical laboratory teaching.The teaching evaluation system is one of the important means to test the quality of course teaching.The traditional summative evaluation needs to be improved in terms of scientificity and impartiality,and its guiding effect on teaching reform is limited.Therefore,this paper proposes to apply formative evaluation to clinical laboratory teaching to remobilize students'learning enthusiasm and provide valuable guidance for the subsequent teaching reform,hoping to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of laboratory teaching.
文摘BACKGROUND Malignant obstructive jaundice(MOJ)is characterized by the presence of malignant tumors infiltrating or compressing the bile duct,causing poor bile drainage,generalized yellowing,pain,itching,and malaise.MOJ is burdensome for both the society and the families of affected patients and should be taken seriously.AIM To evaluate the clinical effect of stent placement during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for relieving MOJ and the efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in terms of liver function improvement,complication rates,and long-term patient outcomes.METHODS The clinical data of 59 patients with MOJ who were admitted to our hospital between March 2018 and August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the treatment method,the patients were divided into an observation group(29 patients)and a control group(30 patients).General data,liver function indices,complications,adverse effects,and 3-year survival rates after different surgical treatments were recorded for the two groups.RESULTS There were no significant differences in baseline information(sex,age,tumor type,or tumor diameter)between the two groups(P>0.05).Alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and total bilirubin levels were significantly better in both groups after surgery than before surgery(P<0.05).The overall incidence of biliary bleeding,gastrointestinal bleeding,pancreatitis,and cholangitis was 6.9%in the observation group and 30%in the control group(P<0.05).No significant differences in the rates of blood transfusion,intensive care unit admission,or death within 3 years were observed between the two groups at the 1-month follow-up(P>0.05).The 3-year survival rates were 46.06%and 39.71%in the observation and control groups,respectively.CONCLUSION Endoscopic biliary stenting effectively relieves MOJ and significantly improves liver function,with minimal complications.This technique is a promising palliative approach for patients ineligible for radical surgery.However,further research is needed to optimize current treatment strategies and to explore their potential in treating nonmalignant cases of obstructive jaundice.
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Project No.2023A1515012352)。
文摘Zinc oxide(ZnO),as a broadband gap semiconductor material,exhibits unique physical and chemical properties that make it highly suitable for optoelectronics,piezoelectric devices,and gas-sensitive sensors,showing significant potential for various applications.This paper focuses on the regulation and application of ZnO-based p-n junctions and piezoelectric devices.It discusses in detail the preparation of ZnO materials,the construction of p-n junctions,the optimization of piezoelectric device performance,and its application in various fields.By employing different preparation methods and strategies,high-quality ZnO thin films can be grown,and effective control of p-type conductivity achieved.This study provides both a theoretical foundation and technical support for controlling the performance of ZnO-based piezoelectric devices,as well as paving new pathways for the broader application of ZnO materials.
基金Youth Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University in 2022(YKD2022QN020)。
文摘The Health Action Process Approach(HAPA),developed by German psychologist Schwarzer in the 1980s,provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and influencing health behavior change.By dividing behavior change into three dynamic stages-pre-intention,intention,and action-HAPA highlights the critical role of self-efficacy as a driving force in adopting healthier behaviors.This stage-based approach addresses the limitations of continuous health behavior models by emphasizing individual differentiation and recognizing that behavior change is not linear but progresses through distinct phases.HAPA theory has demonstrated significant potential in clinical applications,particularly in orthopedic postoperative patients.Its implementation facilitates the development of positive behavioral intentions,enhances self-efficacy,and supports sustained health action,ultimately improving patients’health outcomes and quality of life.Tailored interventions based on HAPA stages ensure that patients receive appropriate guidance and support throughout their recovery journey.Despite its successes,limitations remain.Future research should focus on expanding the application of HAPA to various orthopedic conditions and developing more targeted behavioral plans and health education programs to optimize patient rehabilitation.Additionally,further exploration is needed to sustain HAPA’s effectiveness during long-term recovery.Strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration and integrating HAPA with other theoretical models could create a more comprehensive health behavior education system,providing robust support for orthopedic patients and advancing their overall recovery and well-being.
文摘With the advancement of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),TCM granules have emerged and garnered widespread attention.This study provides a comprehensive review of the development of TCM granules,analyzing their characteristics in terms of ease of use,quality stability,and pharmacodynamic advantages.It also explores their broad application prospects in clinical TCM treatment and preventive healthcare.Through an integrative analysis of relevant research literature,the study highlights the significant value and vast development potential of TCM granules in modern medicine.The article aims to offer valuable references for the modernization and internationalization of TCM while promoting the continuous development and innovative application of TCM granules in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.
文摘Smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain continue to revolutionize decentralized applications (dApps) by allowing for self-executing agreements. However, bad actors have continuously found ways to exploit smart contracts for personal financial gain, which undermines the integrity of the Ethereum blockchain. This paper proposes a computer program called SADA (Static and Dynamic Analyzer), a novel approach to smart contract vulnerability detection using multiple Large Language Model (LLM) agents to analyze and flag suspicious Solidity code for Ethereum smart contracts. SADA not only improves upon existing vulnerability detection methods but also paves the way for more secure smart contract development practices in the rapidly evolving blockchain ecosystem.
基金supported by the Cross-Disciplinary Research Fund Project of the Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(grant no.JYJC202236)the Shanghai Plastic Surgery Research Center of Shanghai Priority Research Center(grant no.2023ZZ02023)the Shanghai Healthcare System Key Supporting Disciplines Program(grant no.2023ZDFC0303).
文摘Hypertrophic scars(HS)are fibrotic proliferative diseases that develop after deep skin injuries caused by trauma,burns,and surgery.Traditional treatment methods include both surgical and nonsurgical therapies.Early intervention and combination therapy tailored to the individual needs of the patients are crucial for achieving optimal results.Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology,a rapid prototyping technique,is increasingly being applied in the medical field.The customization and precise functionality of 3D printing technology are particularly important for the rehabilitation of HS.This review provides an overview of HS and the role of 3D printing technology in medical applications,analyses the application of 3D-printed rehabilitation aids for HS,and discusses the use of 3D printing technology to improve HS treatment outcomes,thereby providing clinical guidance for effective HS rehabilitation.
文摘Bangladesh’s thriving okra cultivation sector annually yields substantial harvests, yet a significant portion of the plant remains underutilized after harvesting, posing as agricultural waste. This oversight neglects the economic potential of okra fiber, which is versatile and valuable across various industries. This paper explores this untapped potential by investigating the physico-mechanical properties, chemical treatments, and fabrication techniques of okra fiber, drawing from a wealth of research. Comparative analyses with established natural fibers like jute and sisal shed light on okra fiber’s transformative role in Bangladesh’s economic landscape. Along with the applications in the fashion world, meticulous investigation into its mechanical, thermal, and morphological characteristics uncovers inherent strengths and integration pathways into industrial applications. Strategies for optimizing yield and quality, including novel approaches like photo-grafting and protein extraction, are explored. Considerations for cytotoxicity and environmental sustainability ensure its viability as a green resource. This research aims to unlock okra fiber’s full potential, positioning Bangladesh for sustainable economic development and innovation.
基金2024 Undergraduate Innovation Training Program Project“Research on the Current Situation,Impact and Management Countermeasures of Generative AI in College Students’Learning”(202410065153)。
文摘With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(AI)technology in the field of education,global educational systems are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges,urgently requiring the establishment of comprehensive,flexible,and forward-looking governance solutions.The“Australian Framework for Generative AI in Schools”builds a multi-dimensional governance system covering aspects such as teaching and humanistic care,fairness and transparency,and accountability and security.Based on 22 specific principles and six core elements,it emphasizes a human-centered design concept,adopts a principle-based flexible structure,focuses on fairness and transparency,and stresses accountability and security.The framework provides valuable references for the use of generative AI in China’s education system and holds significant importance for promoting educational modernization and cultivating innovative talents adapted to the era of artificial intelligence.
基金supported by the Italian Ministry of Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture,Food Sovereignty and Forestry(MASAF),National program sub project Precision Forestry(AgriDigit program)(DM 36509.7305.2018 of 20/12/2018).
文摘Forest planning involves estimating the biomass of species present in the area.Two fundamental parameters are diameter and height through which it is possible to indirectly estimate of biomass present.Digitalisation of forestry operations,such as forest planning,is crucial and should be affordable and easy-to-use digital applications and open-source devices.A digital progressive web application(PWA)was designed to record measurements.The app was connected via bluetoot to an open-source IoT digital forestry caliper prototyped by modifying a commercial tree caliper.An economic analysis was carried out considering all costs necessary for the development and operation of the app on smartphones and the preparation of electronic means for creation of the digital caliper.A comparison was made between costs of detecting tree diameters through application of the technology developed compared to costs calculated by applying the use of a dendrometric caliper(three technological levels were considered:L1,L2 and L3).The PWA allowed for easy data entry and viewing,maps and tree densities.The open-source digital caliper showed accuracy and precision comparable with similar commercial devices(1.5%±0.9%and 0.0%±0.9%,respectively).Total time per operator was lower using the digital caliper.From an economic perspective,application of the digital technology was more sustainable than the traditional system.Use of the digital caliper in combination with the web application optimizes detection time of a single tree,and therefore decreases overall cost.
文摘Hydrogen energy is a renewable and clean resource,that can promote the transformation of energy use terminals to green and low carbon,alleviate the current problems of energy shortage,respond to China’s“double carbon”strategy,and further implement the energy-saving and emission reduction targets.The hydrogen fuel cell is an efficient and environmentally friendly distributed power generation device,with the advantages of high energy density,zero-emission,fast charging speed,etc.,and has been widely used in the fields of new energy vehicles,electric power equipment,and portable equipment.This paper analyzes the principle and advantages of hydrogen fuel cells,analyzes the key technology system of hydrogen fuel cells and the application of artificial intelligence in hydrogen fuel cells,proposes to strengthen the research on hydrogen production technology,accelerates the technical research and transformation application of key materials and core components,formulate industrial planning scientifically and actively promote hydrogen fuel cell,and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,to promote the development of the hydrogen fuel cell industry.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant Nos.2021JJ30050 and 2023JJ50368)Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2021SK50313)+3 种基金the Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission(Grant Nos.202203102912 and 202203103105,W20243264)the Science and Technology Program of Chenzhou(Grant No.ZDYF2020011)the Key Project of the First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou(Grant No.CZYY202203)the Innovative Team Project of the First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou(Grant No.CX202103).
文摘Nucleic acid analysis is a key technique that enables accurate detection of various microorganisms.Conventional nucleic acid testing typically requires access to specialized laboratories,equipment,and trained personnel,which hinders the widespread use of on-site testing for DNA and RNA targets.However,integrating gene editing technology with traditional nucleic acid detection methods,especially isothermal amplification technology,can help overcome the limitations associated with on-site testing.This combination can accomplish precise and swift detection of nucleic acid sequences,offering a robust tool for on-site detection.The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins(CRISPR/Cas)technology,which comprises the CRISPR system and Cas effector proteins,is a powerful tool that is advancing the field of nucleic acid detection.Specifically,Cas12,Cas13,and Cas14 proteins have emerged as straightforward,effective,precise,sensitive,and cost-effective methods for in vitro nucleic acid detection because of their“collateral cleavage”characteristics.When combined with the“collateral cleavage”ability of Cas protein and isothermal amplification,CRISPR/Cas systems have great potential to advance nucleic acid detection.This article summarizes the research progress of different CRISPR/Cas systems and their applications in nucleic acid detection and future perspectives.
基金Quality Engineering Project of Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province(2023aqnujyxm26,2023sx060,2023zyxwjxalk124)Natural Science Key Research Project for Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province(2024AH051117,2024AH051126)+1 种基金Excellent Young Backbone Teachers’Domestic and Foreign Visiting and Training Program in Universities(gxgnfx20220262022)Research and Industrialization Project of High Precision Positioning System for Intelligent Connected Vehicles。
文摘This study focuses on the teaching reform of the communication application development course based on the core requirements of engineering education accreditation.To address key challenges such as the disconnection between software and hardware teaching and insufficient practical skills among students,a project-driven“learning-practiceapplication”teaching model is proposed.By optimizing course content,innovating teaching methods,and introducing university-industry collaboration mechanisms,the reform aligns the curriculum more closely with engineering education standards and industry demands.The approach significantly enhances students’comprehensive skills,practical abilities,and employability.This study provides theoretical foundations and practical strategies for the teaching reform of courses in communication engineering.
文摘This study utilized a computer application developed in Visual StudioTM using C# to extract pixel samples (RGB) from multiple images (26 images obtained from August 20, 2024, to September 22, 2024), of a purslane pot taken from a top-down perspective at a distance of 30 cm. These samples were projected into the CIELAB color space, and the extracted pixels were plotted on the a*b* plane, excluding the luminance value. A polygon was then drawn around all the plotted pixels, defining the color to be identified. Subsequently, the application analyzed another image to determine the number of pixels within the polygon. These identified pixels were transformed to white, and the percentage of these pixels relative to the total number of pixels in the image was calculated. This process yielded percentages for brown (soil), green (leaf cover), and pink (stem color). A single polygon was sufficient to accurately identify the green and brown colors in the images. However, due to varying lighting conditions, customized polygons were necessary for each image to accurately identify the stem color. To validate the green polygon’s accuracy in identifying purslane leaves, all leaves in the image were digitized in AutoCADTM, and the green area was compared to the total image area to obtain the observed green percentage. The green percentage obtained with the polygon was then compared to the observed green percentage, resulting in an R2 value of 0.8431. Similarly, for the brown color, an R2 value of 0.9305 was found. The stem color was not subjected to this validation due to the necessity of multiple polygons. The R2 values were derived from percentage data obtained by analyzing the total pixels in the images. When sampling to estimate the proportion and analyzing only the suggested sample size of pixels, R2 values of 0.93049 for brown and 0.8088 for green were obtained. The average analysis time to determine the brown soil percentage using the polygon (BP) for 26 images with an average size of 1070 × 1210 pixels was 44 seconds. In contrast, sampling to estimate the proportion reduced the analysis time to 0.9 seconds for the same number of images. This indicates that significant time savings can be achieved while obtaining similar results.
文摘Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use. Methods: A total of 200 patients who used intravenous indwelling needles during hospital treatment from July to October 2022 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 100 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing methods, while those in the observation group were managed using the safety risk management method of the infusion project team. The tube blocking rate and tube removal rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The one-time puncture success rate and the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and patient satisfaction in the observation group was notably higher, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use is effective and has positive impacts on improving the one-time puncture success rate, the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use, and patient satisfaction. It is a practice worth promoting in clinical settings.
