Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) have received increasing attention as energy storage devices owing to their low cost,high safety,and environmental friendliness.However,their progress has been hampered by low energy...Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) have received increasing attention as energy storage devices owing to their low cost,high safety,and environmental friendliness.However,their progress has been hampered by low energy and power density,as well as unsatisfactory long-cycle stability,mainly due to the lack of suitable electrode materials.In this context,we have developed manganese single atoms implanted in nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets (MnSAs/NCNs) using a metal salt template method as cathodes for ZIHCs.The metal salt serves a dual purpose in the synthesis process:It facilitates the uniform dispersion of Mn atoms within the carbon matrix and acts as an activating agent to create the porous structure.When applied in ZIHCs,the MnSAs/NCNs electrode demonstrates exceptional performance,including a high capacity of 203 m Ah g^(-1),an energy density of 138 Wh kg^(-1)at 68 W kg^(-1),and excellent cycle stability with 91%retention over 10,000 cycles.Theoretical calculations indicate that the introduced Mn atoms modulate the local charge distribution of carbon materials,thereby improving the electrochemical property.This work demonstrates the significant potential of carbon materials with metal atoms in zinc-ion hybrid capacitors,not only in enhancing electrochemical performance but also in providing new insights and methods for developing high-performance energy storage devices.展开更多
The generation process,influence of the laser parameters on the production of zinc metal(Zn^(0)),and the mechanism of interaction between the laser and ZnS were studied.It was observed that an increase in the number o...The generation process,influence of the laser parameters on the production of zinc metal(Zn^(0)),and the mechanism of interaction between the laser and ZnS were studied.It was observed that an increase in the number of S defects enhanced the quantity of Zn^(2+)ejected from the ZnS crystals,which increased the possibility of Zn^(2+)bonding with electrons to produce Zn^(0).A maximum Zn^(0) content of 9.3%in the products was detected upon changing the laser parameters.Upon analyzing the changes in the surface topography during the laser interaction with ZnS,it was shown that the interaction mechanism between laser and ZnS had a synergistic effect comprised of photochemical and photothermal processes,in which the photochemical mechanism predominated.展开更多
Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been d...Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn^(2+)diffusion kinetics.By employing electrodeposition to coat MoS_(2)on the surface of BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O nanowires,the directional builtin electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn^(2+)diffusion into the active material.The optimized Zn^(2+)diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)(7.5×10^(8)cm^(2)s^(-1)) surpasses that of most reported V-based cathodes.Simultaneously,MoS_(2)serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)full batteries to over 10000 cycles.This work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.展开更多
Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to the excellent safety, environmental friendliness, natural abundance, high theoretical specific capacity, and low re...Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to the excellent safety, environmental friendliness, natural abundance, high theoretical specific capacity, and low redox potential of zinc(Zn) metal. However,several issues such as dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and passivation of Zn metal anodes cause irreversible loss of the active materials. To solve these issues, researchers often use large amounts of excess Zn to ensure a continuous supply of active materials for Zn anodes. This leads to the ultralow utilization of Zn anodes and squanders the high energy density of AZMBs. Herein, the design strategies for AZMBs with high Zn utilization are discussed in depth, from utilizing thinner Zn foils to constructing anode-free structures with theoretical Zn utilization of 100%, which provides comprehensive guidelines for further research. Representative methods for calculating the depth of discharge of Zn anodes with different structures are first summarized. The reasonable modification strategies of Zn foil anodes, current collectors with pre-deposited Zn, and anode-free aqueous Zn metal batteries(AF-AZMBs) to improve Zn utilization are then detailed. In particular, the working mechanism of AF-AZMBs is systematically introduced. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for constructing high-utilization Zn anodes are presented.展开更多
Zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity are both very important parameters to design novel Zn anode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).However,single material is difficult to exhibit zincophilic propert...Zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity are both very important parameters to design novel Zn anode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).However,single material is difficult to exhibit zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity at the same time.Herein,originating from theoretical calculation,a zincophilic particle regulation strategy is proposed to address these limitations and carbon coated Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is taken as an example to be a protective layer on zinc metal(NVPC@Zn).Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a common cathode material for Zn-ion batteries,which is zincophilic.Carbon materials not only offer an electron pathway to help Zn deposition onto NVPC surface,but also enhance the zinc nucleophilicity of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3).Hence,this hybrid coating layer can tune zinc deposition and resist side reactions such as hydrogen generation and Zn metal corrosion.Experimentally,a symmetrical battery with NVPC@Zn electrode displays highly reversible plating/stripping behavior with a long cycle lifespan over 1800 h at2 mA cm^(-2),much better than carbon and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)solely modified Zn electrodes.When the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is replaced with zincophobic Al2O3or zincophilic V2O3,the stability of the modified zinc anodes is also prolonged.This strategy expands the option of zincophilic materials and provides a general and effective way to stabilize the Zn electrode.展开更多
The aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)are thought as promising competitors for electrochemical energy storage,though their wide application is curbed by the uncontrollable dendrite growth and gas evolution side reactio...The aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)are thought as promising competitors for electrochemical energy storage,though their wide application is curbed by the uncontrollable dendrite growth and gas evolution side reactions.Herein,to stabilize both zinc anodes and water molecules,we developed a modified electrolyte by adding a trace amount of N,N-diethylformanmide(DEF)into the ZnSO_(4)electrolyte for the first time in zinc ion batteries.The effectiveness of DEF is predicted by the comparison of donor number and its preferential adsorption behavior on the zinc anode is further demonstrated by several spectroscopy characterizations,electrochemical methods,and molecular dynamics simulation.The modified electrolyte with 5%v.t.DEF content can ensure a stable cycling life longer than 3400 h of Zn‖Zn symmetric cells and an ultra-reversible Zn stripping/plating process with a high coulombic efficiency of 99.7%.The Zn‖VO_(2)full cell maintains a capacity retention of 83.5%and a 104 mA h g^(-1)mass capacity after 1000cycles.This work provides insights into the role of interfacial adsorption behavior and the donor number of additive molecules in designing low-content and effective aqueous electrolytes.展开更多
Based on the attributes of nonflammability,environmental benignity,and cost-effectiveness of aqueous electrolytes,as well as the favorable compatibility of zinc metal with them,aqueous zinc ions batteries(AZIBs)become...Based on the attributes of nonflammability,environmental benignity,and cost-effectiveness of aqueous electrolytes,as well as the favorable compatibility of zinc metal with them,aqueous zinc ions batteries(AZIBs)become the leading energy storage candidate to meet the requirements of safety and low cost.Yet,aqueous electrolytes,acting as a double-edged sword,also play a negative role by directly or indirectly causing various parasitic reactions at the zinc anode side.These reactions include hydrogen evolution reaction,passivation,and dendrites,resulting in poor Coulombic efficiency and short lifespan of AZIBs.A comprehensive review of aqueous electrolytes chemistry,zinc chemistry,mechanism and chemistry of parasitic reactions,and their relationship is lacking.Moreover,the understanding of strategies for suppressing parasitic reactions from an electrochemical perspective is not profound enough.In this review,firstly,the chemistry of electrolytes,zinc anodes,and parasitic reactions and their relationship in AZIBs are deeply disclosed.Subsequently,the strategies for suppressing parasitic reactions from the perspective of enhancing the inherent thermodynamic stability of electrolytes and anodes,and lowering the dynamics of parasitic reactions at Zn/electrolyte interfaces are reviewed.Lastly,the perspectives on the future development direction of aqueous electrolytes,zinc anodes,and Zn/electrolyte interfaces are presented.展开更多
Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) are recognized as potential energy storage devices due to their advantages of low cost, high energy density, and environmental friendliness. However, zinc anodes are subject to unavoidable zin...Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) are recognized as potential energy storage devices due to their advantages of low cost, high energy density, and environmental friendliness. However, zinc anodes are subject to unavoidable zinc dendrites, passivation, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution reactions during the charging and discharging of batteries, becoming obstacles to the practical application of ZIBs. Appropriate zinc metal-free anodes provide a higher working potential than metallic zinc anodes, effectively solving the problems of zinc dendrites, hydrogen evolution, and side reactions during the operation of metallic zinc anodes. The improvement in the safety and cycle life of batteries creates conditions for further commercialization of ZIBs. Therefore, this work systematically introduces the research progress of zinc metal-free anodes in “rocking chair” ZIBs. Zinc metal-free anodes are mainly discussed in four categories: transition metal oxides,transition metal sulfides, MXene(two dimensional transition metal carbide) composites, and organic compounds, with discussions on their properties and zinc storage mechanisms. Finally, the outlook for the development of zinc metal-free anodes is proposed. This paper is expected to provide a reference for the further promotion of commercial rechargeable ZIBs.展开更多
Developing sustainable and clean energy sources(e.g.,solar,wind,and tide energy)is essential to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.Due to the discontinuous and inco nsistent nature of common clean energy sources,hi...Developing sustainable and clean energy sources(e.g.,solar,wind,and tide energy)is essential to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.Due to the discontinuous and inco nsistent nature of common clean energy sources,high-performance energy storage technologies are a critical part of achieving this target.Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)with inherent safety,low cost,and competitive performance are regarded as one of the promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage.However,zinc metal anodes(ZMAs)with irreversible problems of dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction,self-corrosio n,and other side reactions have seriously hindered the development and commercialization of AZMBs.An increasing number of researchers are focusing on the stability of ZMAs,so assessing the effectiveness of existing research strategies is critical to the development of AZMBs.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and challenges of AZMBs.Resea rch strategies for interfacial modification of ZMAs are systematically presented.The features of artificial interfacial coating and in-situ interfacial coating of ZMAs are compared and discussed in detail,as well as the effect of modified interfacial ZMA on the full-battery performance.Finally,perspectives are provided on the problems and challenges of ZMAs.This review is expected to offer a constructive reference for the further development and commercialization of AZMBs.展开更多
Zinc(Zn)-air batteries are widely used in secondary battery research owing to their high theoretical energy density,good electrochemical reversibility,stable discharge performance,and low cost of the anode active mate...Zinc(Zn)-air batteries are widely used in secondary battery research owing to their high theoretical energy density,good electrochemical reversibility,stable discharge performance,and low cost of the anode active material Zn.However,the Zn anode also leads to many challenges,including dendrite growth,deformation,and hydrogen precipitation self-corrosion.In this context,Zn dendrite growth has a greater impact on the cycle lives.In this dissertation,a dendrite growth model for a Zn-air battery was established based on electrochemical phase field theory,and the effects of the charging time,anisotropy strength,and electrolyte temperature on the morphology and growth height of Zn dendrites were studied.A series of experiments was designed with different gradient influencing factors in subsequent experiments to verify the theoretical simulations,including elevated electrolyte temperatures,flowing electrolytes,and pulsed charging.The simulation results show that the growth of Zn dendrites is controlled mainly by diffusion and mass transfer processes,whereas the electrolyte temperature,flow rate,and interfacial energy anisotropy intensity are the main factors.The experimental results show that an optimal electrolyte temperature of 343.15 K,an optimal electrolyte flow rate of 40 ml·min^(-1),and an effective pulse charging mode.展开更多
The notorious growth of zinc dendrite and the water-induced corrosion of zinc metal anodes(ZMAs)restrict the practical development of aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs).In this work,a zinc metallized,imide-pillared cov...The notorious growth of zinc dendrite and the water-induced corrosion of zinc metal anodes(ZMAs)restrict the practical development of aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs).In this work,a zinc metallized,imide-pillared covalent organic framework(ZPC)protective film has been engineered as a stable Zn^(2+)ion-conducting interphase to modulate interfacial kinetics and suppress side reactions for ZMAs.Compared to bare Zn,ZPC@Zn exhibits a higher Zn^(2+)ionic conductivity,a larger Zn^(2+)transference number,a lower electronic conductivity,a smaller desolvation activation energy and correspondingly a significant suppression of corrosion,hydrogen evolution and Zn dendrites.Impressively,the ZPC@Zn||ZPC@Zn symmetric cell obtains a cycling lifespan over 3000 h under 5 mA cm^(-2)for 1 mA h cm^(-2).The ZPC@Zn||NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)coin-type full battery delivers a specific capacity of 195.8 mA h g^(-1)with a retention rate of78.5%at 2 A g^(-1)after 1100 cycles,and the ZPC@Zn||NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) pouch full cell shows a retention of70.1%in reversible capacity at 3 A g^(-1)after 1100 cycles.The present incorporation of imide-linked covalent organic frameworks in the surface modification of ZMAs will offer fresh perspectives in the search for ideal protective films for the practicality of AZIBs.展开更多
Hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),zinc corrosion,and dendrites growth on zinc metal anode are the major issues limiting the practical applications of zinc-ion batteries.Herein,an in-situ physical/chemical cross-linked ...Hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),zinc corrosion,and dendrites growth on zinc metal anode are the major issues limiting the practical applications of zinc-ion batteries.Herein,an in-situ physical/chemical cross-linked hydrogel electrolyte(carrageenan/polyacrylamide/ZnSO_(4),denoted as CPZ)has been developed to stabilize the zinc anode-electrolyte interface,which can eliminate side reactions and prevent dendrites growth.The in-situ CPZ hydrogel electrolyte improves the reversibility of zinc anode due to eliminating side reactions caused by active water molecules.Furthermore,the electrostatic interaction between the SO_(4)^(-)groups in CPZ and Zn^(2+)can encourage the preferential deposition of zinc atoms on(002)crystal plane,which achieve dendrite-free and homogeneous zinc deposition.The in-situ hydrogel electrolyte offers a streamlined approach to battery manufacturing by allowing for direct integration into the battery.Subsequently,the Zn//Zn half battery with CPZ hydrogel electrolyte can enable an ultra-long cycle over 5500 h at a current density of 0.5 mA cm^(-2),and the Zn//Cu half battery reach an average coulombic efficiency of 99.37%.The Zn//V_(2)O_5-GO full battery with CPZ hydrogel electrolyte demonstrates94.5%of capacity retention after 2100 cycles.This study is expected to open new thought for the development of commercial hydrogel electrolytes for low-cost and long-life zinc-ion batteries.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs),known for their high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness,have a wide range of potential applications in large-scale energy storage systems.However,the notorious dendrite gr...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs),known for their high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness,have a wide range of potential applications in large-scale energy storage systems.However,the notorious dendrite growth and severe side reactions on the anode have significantly hindered their further practical development.Recent studies have shown that the solvation chemistry in the electrolyte is not only closely related to the barriers to the commercialization of AZIBs,but have also sparked a number of valuable ideas to address the challenges of AZIBs.Therefore,we systematically summarize and discuss the regulatory mechanisms of solvation chemistry in various types of electrolytes and the influence of the solvation environment on battery performance.The challenges and future directions for solvation strategies based on the electrolyte environment are proposed to improve their performance and expand their application in AZIBs.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) are promising candidates for the large-scale energy storage systems due to their high intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness.However,issues such as dendrit...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) are promising candidates for the large-scale energy storage systems due to their high intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness.However,issues such as dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction,and interfacial passivation occurring at the anode/electrolyte interface(AEI) have hindered their practical application.Constructing a stable AEI plays a key role in regulating zinc deposition and improving the cycle life of AZIBs.The fundamentals of AEI and the challenges faced by the Zn anode due to unstable interfaces are discussed.A comprehensive summary of electrolyte regulation strategies by electrolyte engineering to achieve a stable Zn anode is provided.The effectiveness evaluation techniques for stable AEI are also analyzed,including the interfacial chemistry and surface morphology evolution of the Zn anode.Finally,suggestions and perspectives for future research are offered about enabling a durable and stable AEI via electrolyte engineering,which may pave the way for developing high-performance AZIBs.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries possess substantial potential for energy storage applications;however,they are hampered by challenges such as dendrite formation and uncontrolled side reactions occurring at the zinc anode.I...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries possess substantial potential for energy storage applications;however,they are hampered by challenges such as dendrite formation and uncontrolled side reactions occurring at the zinc anode.In our investigation,we sought to mitigate these issues through the utilization of in situ zinc complex formation reactions to engineer hydrophobic protective layers on the zinc anode surface.These robust interfacial layers serve as effective barriers,isolating the zinc anode from the electrolyte and active water molecules and thereby preventing hydrogen evolution and the generation of undesirable byproducts.Additionally,the presence of numerous zincophilic sites within these protective layers facilitates uniform zinc deposition while concurrently inhibiting dendrite growth.Through comprehensive evaluation of functional anodes featuring diverse functional groups and alkyl chain lengths,we meticulously scrutinized the underlying mechanisms influencing performance variations.This analysis involved precise modulation of interfacial hydrophobicity,rapid Zn^(2+)ion transport,and ordered deposition of Zn^(2+)ions.Notably,the optimized anode,fabricated with octadecylphosphate(OPA),demonstrated exceptional performance characteristics.The Zn//Zn symmetric cell exhibited remarkable longevity,exceeding 4000 h under a current density of 2 mA cm^(-2)and a capacity density of 2 mA h cm^(-2),Furthermore,when integrated with a VOH cathode,the complete cell exhibited superior capacity retention compared to anodes modified with alternative organic molecules.展开更多
Ensuring a stable power output from renewable energy sources,such as wind and solar energy,depends on the development of large-scale and long-duration energy storage devices.Zinc–bromine fl ow batteries(ZBFBs)have em...Ensuring a stable power output from renewable energy sources,such as wind and solar energy,depends on the development of large-scale and long-duration energy storage devices.Zinc–bromine fl ow batteries(ZBFBs)have emerged as cost-eff ective and high-energy-density solutions,replacing expensive all-vanadium fl ow batteries.However,uneven Zn deposition during charging results in the formation of problematic Zn dendrites,leading to mass transport polarization and self-discharge.Stable Zn plating and stripping are essential for the successful operation of high-areal-capacity ZBFBs.In this study,we successfully synthesized nitrogen and oxygen co-doped functional carbon felt(NOCF4)electrode through the oxidative polymerization of dopamine,followed by calcination under ambient conditions.The NOCF4 electrode eff ectively facilitates effi cient“shuttle deposition”of Zn during charging,signifi cantly enhancing the areal capacity of the electrode.Remarkably,ZBFBs utilizing NOCF4 as the anode material exhibited stable cycling performance for 40 cycles(approximately 240 h)at an areal capacity of 60 mA h/cm^(2).Even at a high areal capacity of 130 mA h/cm^(2),an impressive energy effi ciency of 76.98%was achieved.These fi ndings provide a promising pathway for the development of high-areal-capacity ZBFBs for advanced energy storage systems.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have gained attention as promising candidates for nextgeneration large-scale energy storage systems due to their advantages of improved safety,environmental sustainability,...Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have gained attention as promising candidates for nextgeneration large-scale energy storage systems due to their advantages of improved safety,environmental sustainability,and low cost.However,the zinc metal anode in aqueous ZIBs faces critical challenges,including dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reactions,and corrosion,which severely compromise Coulombic efficiency and cycling stability,hindering their broader adoption.This review first explores the fundamental mechanisms underlying these challenges and then examines current strategies to address them,focusing on structural design,surface modifications,electrolyte optimization,and alloying treatments.Finally,potential future directions are discussed,outlining a pathway toward achieving high-performance aqueous ZIBs.展开更多
The intensifying challenges posed by climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels have spurred concerted global efforts to develop alternative energy storage solutions.Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have emerged...The intensifying challenges posed by climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels have spurred concerted global efforts to develop alternative energy storage solutions.Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have emerged as promising candidates for large-scale electrochemical energy storage systems because of their intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness,and environmental sustainability.However,Zn dendrite growth consis-tently poses a remarkable challenge to the performance improvement and commercial viability of AZIBs.The use of three-dimensional porous Zn anodes instead of planar Zn plates has been demonstrated as an effec-tive strategy to regulate the deposition/stripping behavior of Zn2+ions,thereby inhibiting the dendrite growth.Here,the merits of porous Zn anodes were summarized,and a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the engineering of porous Zn metal anodes was provided,with a particular emphasis on the structural orderliness and critical role of porous structure modulation in enhancing battery performance.Furthermore,strategic insights into the design of porous Zn anodes were presented to facilitate the practical implementation of AZIBs for grid-scale energy storage applications.展开更多
Manganese-based material is a prospective cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries(ZIBs)by virtue of its high theoretical capacity,high operating voltage,and low price.However,the manganese dissolution during t...Manganese-based material is a prospective cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries(ZIBs)by virtue of its high theoretical capacity,high operating voltage,and low price.However,the manganese dissolution during the electrochemical reaction causes its electrochemical cycling stability to be undesirable.In this work,heterointerface engineering-induced oxygen defects are introduced into heterostructure MnO_(2)(δa-MnO_(2))by in situ electrochemical activation to inhibit manganese dissolution for aqueous zinc ion batteries.Meanwhile,the heterointerface between the disordered amorphous and the crystalline MnO_(2)ofδa-MnO_(2)is decisive for the formation of oxygen defects.And the experimental results indicate that the manganese dissolution ofδa-MnO_(2)is considerably inhibited during the charge/discharge cycle.Theoretical analysis indicates that the oxygen defect regulates the electronic and band structure and the Mn-O bonding state of the electrode material,thereby promoting electron transport kinetics as well as inhibiting Mn dissolution.Consequently,the capacity ofδa-MnO_(2)does not degrade after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.5 Ag^(-1)and also 91%capacity retention after 500cycles at 1 Ag^(-1).This study provides a promising insight into the development of high-performance manganese-based cathode materials through a facile and low-cost strategy.展开更多
With the increasing demand for scalable and cost-effective electrochemical energy storage,aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have a broad application prospect as an inexpensive,efficient,and naturally secure energy stor...With the increasing demand for scalable and cost-effective electrochemical energy storage,aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have a broad application prospect as an inexpensive,efficient,and naturally secure energy storage device.However,the limitations suffered by AZIBs,including volume expansion and active materials dissolution of the cathode,electrochemical corrosion,irreversible side reactions,zinc dendrites of the anode,have seriously decelerated the civilianization process of AZIBs.Currently,polymers have tremendous superiority for application in AZIBs attributed to their exceptional chemical stability,tunable structure,high energy density and outstanding mechanical properties.Considering the expanding applications of AZIBs and the superiority of polymers,this comprehensive paper meticulously reviews the benefits of utilizing polymeric applied to cathodes and anodes,respectively.To begin with,with adjustable structure as an entry point,the correlation between polymer structure and the function of energy storage as well as optimization is deeply investigated in respect to the mechanism.Then,depending on the diversity of properties and structures,the development of polymers in AZIBs is summarized,including conductive polymers,redox polymers as well as carbon composite polymers for cathode and polyvinylidene fluoride-,carbonyl-,amino-,nitrile-based polymers for anode,and a comprehensive evaluation of the shortcomings of these strategies is provided.Finally,an outlook highlights some of the challenges posed by the application of polymers and offers insights into the potential future direction of polymers in AZIBs.It is designed to provide a thorough reference for researchers and developers working on polymer for AZIBs.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22179123)Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province,China (No. tsqn202211048)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.202262010)。
文摘Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) have received increasing attention as energy storage devices owing to their low cost,high safety,and environmental friendliness.However,their progress has been hampered by low energy and power density,as well as unsatisfactory long-cycle stability,mainly due to the lack of suitable electrode materials.In this context,we have developed manganese single atoms implanted in nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets (MnSAs/NCNs) using a metal salt template method as cathodes for ZIHCs.The metal salt serves a dual purpose in the synthesis process:It facilitates the uniform dispersion of Mn atoms within the carbon matrix and acts as an activating agent to create the porous structure.When applied in ZIHCs,the MnSAs/NCNs electrode demonstrates exceptional performance,including a high capacity of 203 m Ah g^(-1),an energy density of 138 Wh kg^(-1)at 68 W kg^(-1),and excellent cycle stability with 91%retention over 10,000 cycles.Theoretical calculations indicate that the introduced Mn atoms modulate the local charge distribution of carbon materials,thereby improving the electrochemical property.This work demonstrates the significant potential of carbon materials with metal atoms in zinc-ion hybrid capacitors,not only in enhancing electrochemical performance but also in providing new insights and methods for developing high-performance energy storage devices.
基金Shanghai Leading Talent Project,China (No. 2022048)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52174385)。
文摘The generation process,influence of the laser parameters on the production of zinc metal(Zn^(0)),and the mechanism of interaction between the laser and ZnS were studied.It was observed that an increase in the number of S defects enhanced the quantity of Zn^(2+)ejected from the ZnS crystals,which increased the possibility of Zn^(2+)bonding with electrons to produce Zn^(0).A maximum Zn^(0) content of 9.3%in the products was detected upon changing the laser parameters.Upon analyzing the changes in the surface topography during the laser interaction with ZnS,it was shown that the interaction mechanism between laser and ZnS had a synergistic effect comprised of photochemical and photothermal processes,in which the photochemical mechanism predominated.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (61761047 and 41876055)Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Yunnan Province。
文摘Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn^(2+)diffusion kinetics.By employing electrodeposition to coat MoS_(2)on the surface of BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O nanowires,the directional builtin electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn^(2+)diffusion into the active material.The optimized Zn^(2+)diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)(7.5×10^(8)cm^(2)s^(-1)) surpasses that of most reported V-based cathodes.Simultaneously,MoS_(2)serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)full batteries to over 10000 cycles.This work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52201201, 52372171)the State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials (Grant No. 2022Z-11)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 00007747, 06500205)the Initiative Postdocs Supporting Program (Grant No. BX20190002)。
文摘Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to the excellent safety, environmental friendliness, natural abundance, high theoretical specific capacity, and low redox potential of zinc(Zn) metal. However,several issues such as dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and passivation of Zn metal anodes cause irreversible loss of the active materials. To solve these issues, researchers often use large amounts of excess Zn to ensure a continuous supply of active materials for Zn anodes. This leads to the ultralow utilization of Zn anodes and squanders the high energy density of AZMBs. Herein, the design strategies for AZMBs with high Zn utilization are discussed in depth, from utilizing thinner Zn foils to constructing anode-free structures with theoretical Zn utilization of 100%, which provides comprehensive guidelines for further research. Representative methods for calculating the depth of discharge of Zn anodes with different structures are first summarized. The reasonable modification strategies of Zn foil anodes, current collectors with pre-deposited Zn, and anode-free aqueous Zn metal batteries(AF-AZMBs) to improve Zn utilization are then detailed. In particular, the working mechanism of AF-AZMBs is systematically introduced. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for constructing high-utilization Zn anodes are presented.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803600)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(30106200463 and CCNU22CJ017)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20246)the Graduate Education Innovation Grant from Central China Normal University,China(20210407032)。
文摘Zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity are both very important parameters to design novel Zn anode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).However,single material is difficult to exhibit zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity at the same time.Herein,originating from theoretical calculation,a zincophilic particle regulation strategy is proposed to address these limitations and carbon coated Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is taken as an example to be a protective layer on zinc metal(NVPC@Zn).Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a common cathode material for Zn-ion batteries,which is zincophilic.Carbon materials not only offer an electron pathway to help Zn deposition onto NVPC surface,but also enhance the zinc nucleophilicity of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3).Hence,this hybrid coating layer can tune zinc deposition and resist side reactions such as hydrogen generation and Zn metal corrosion.Experimentally,a symmetrical battery with NVPC@Zn electrode displays highly reversible plating/stripping behavior with a long cycle lifespan over 1800 h at2 mA cm^(-2),much better than carbon and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)solely modified Zn electrodes.When the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is replaced with zincophobic Al2O3or zincophilic V2O3,the stability of the modified zinc anodes is also prolonged.This strategy expands the option of zincophilic materials and provides a general and effective way to stabilize the Zn electrode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[51874110 and 51604089]the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province[YQ2021B004]+1 种基金the Open Project of the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment[QA202138]the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[HIT.DZJJ.2023055]。
文摘The aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)are thought as promising competitors for electrochemical energy storage,though their wide application is curbed by the uncontrollable dendrite growth and gas evolution side reactions.Herein,to stabilize both zinc anodes and water molecules,we developed a modified electrolyte by adding a trace amount of N,N-diethylformanmide(DEF)into the ZnSO_(4)electrolyte for the first time in zinc ion batteries.The effectiveness of DEF is predicted by the comparison of donor number and its preferential adsorption behavior on the zinc anode is further demonstrated by several spectroscopy characterizations,electrochemical methods,and molecular dynamics simulation.The modified electrolyte with 5%v.t.DEF content can ensure a stable cycling life longer than 3400 h of Zn‖Zn symmetric cells and an ultra-reversible Zn stripping/plating process with a high coulombic efficiency of 99.7%.The Zn‖VO_(2)full cell maintains a capacity retention of 83.5%and a 104 mA h g^(-1)mass capacity after 1000cycles.This work provides insights into the role of interfacial adsorption behavior and the donor number of additive molecules in designing low-content and effective aqueous electrolytes.
基金supported by the Academic Excellence Foundation of BUAA for PhD Studentsthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 52001016)
文摘Based on the attributes of nonflammability,environmental benignity,and cost-effectiveness of aqueous electrolytes,as well as the favorable compatibility of zinc metal with them,aqueous zinc ions batteries(AZIBs)become the leading energy storage candidate to meet the requirements of safety and low cost.Yet,aqueous electrolytes,acting as a double-edged sword,also play a negative role by directly or indirectly causing various parasitic reactions at the zinc anode side.These reactions include hydrogen evolution reaction,passivation,and dendrites,resulting in poor Coulombic efficiency and short lifespan of AZIBs.A comprehensive review of aqueous electrolytes chemistry,zinc chemistry,mechanism and chemistry of parasitic reactions,and their relationship is lacking.Moreover,the understanding of strategies for suppressing parasitic reactions from an electrochemical perspective is not profound enough.In this review,firstly,the chemistry of electrolytes,zinc anodes,and parasitic reactions and their relationship in AZIBs are deeply disclosed.Subsequently,the strategies for suppressing parasitic reactions from the perspective of enhancing the inherent thermodynamic stability of electrolytes and anodes,and lowering the dynamics of parasitic reactions at Zn/electrolyte interfaces are reviewed.Lastly,the perspectives on the future development direction of aqueous electrolytes,zinc anodes,and Zn/electrolyte interfaces are presented.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51872090 and51772097)the Hebei Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholar,China (No.E2019209433)+2 种基金the Youth Talent Program of Hebei Provincial Education Department,China (No.BJ2018020)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China (No.E2020209151)the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department,China (No.SLRC2019028)。
文摘Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) are recognized as potential energy storage devices due to their advantages of low cost, high energy density, and environmental friendliness. However, zinc anodes are subject to unavoidable zinc dendrites, passivation, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution reactions during the charging and discharging of batteries, becoming obstacles to the practical application of ZIBs. Appropriate zinc metal-free anodes provide a higher working potential than metallic zinc anodes, effectively solving the problems of zinc dendrites, hydrogen evolution, and side reactions during the operation of metallic zinc anodes. The improvement in the safety and cycle life of batteries creates conditions for further commercialization of ZIBs. Therefore, this work systematically introduces the research progress of zinc metal-free anodes in “rocking chair” ZIBs. Zinc metal-free anodes are mainly discussed in four categories: transition metal oxides,transition metal sulfides, MXene(two dimensional transition metal carbide) composites, and organic compounds, with discussions on their properties and zinc storage mechanisms. Finally, the outlook for the development of zinc metal-free anodes is proposed. This paper is expected to provide a reference for the further promotion of commercial rechargeable ZIBs.
基金the financial support from the Australian Research Council,Centre for Materials Science,Queensland University of Technologythe Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Developing sustainable and clean energy sources(e.g.,solar,wind,and tide energy)is essential to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.Due to the discontinuous and inco nsistent nature of common clean energy sources,high-performance energy storage technologies are a critical part of achieving this target.Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)with inherent safety,low cost,and competitive performance are regarded as one of the promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage.However,zinc metal anodes(ZMAs)with irreversible problems of dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction,self-corrosio n,and other side reactions have seriously hindered the development and commercialization of AZMBs.An increasing number of researchers are focusing on the stability of ZMAs,so assessing the effectiveness of existing research strategies is critical to the development of AZMBs.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and challenges of AZMBs.Resea rch strategies for interfacial modification of ZMAs are systematically presented.The features of artificial interfacial coating and in-situ interfacial coating of ZMAs are compared and discussed in detail,as well as the effect of modified interfacial ZMA on the full-battery performance.Finally,perspectives are provided on the problems and challenges of ZMAs.This review is expected to offer a constructive reference for the further development and commercialization of AZMBs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22168019 and 52074141)the Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province(202202AB080014)+1 种基金The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province for their support.
文摘Zinc(Zn)-air batteries are widely used in secondary battery research owing to their high theoretical energy density,good electrochemical reversibility,stable discharge performance,and low cost of the anode active material Zn.However,the Zn anode also leads to many challenges,including dendrite growth,deformation,and hydrogen precipitation self-corrosion.In this context,Zn dendrite growth has a greater impact on the cycle lives.In this dissertation,a dendrite growth model for a Zn-air battery was established based on electrochemical phase field theory,and the effects of the charging time,anisotropy strength,and electrolyte temperature on the morphology and growth height of Zn dendrites were studied.A series of experiments was designed with different gradient influencing factors in subsequent experiments to verify the theoretical simulations,including elevated electrolyte temperatures,flowing electrolytes,and pulsed charging.The simulation results show that the growth of Zn dendrites is controlled mainly by diffusion and mass transfer processes,whereas the electrolyte temperature,flow rate,and interfacial energy anisotropy intensity are the main factors.The experimental results show that an optimal electrolyte temperature of 343.15 K,an optimal electrolyte flow rate of 40 ml·min^(-1),and an effective pulse charging mode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52373065)the Joint Fund of Ministry of Education for Equipment Pre-research (8091B032206)+1 种基金the Guang Dong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021A1515111067,2023A1515010735)the start-up funding of“Hundred Talent Program”from Sun Yat-sen University。
文摘The notorious growth of zinc dendrite and the water-induced corrosion of zinc metal anodes(ZMAs)restrict the practical development of aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs).In this work,a zinc metallized,imide-pillared covalent organic framework(ZPC)protective film has been engineered as a stable Zn^(2+)ion-conducting interphase to modulate interfacial kinetics and suppress side reactions for ZMAs.Compared to bare Zn,ZPC@Zn exhibits a higher Zn^(2+)ionic conductivity,a larger Zn^(2+)transference number,a lower electronic conductivity,a smaller desolvation activation energy and correspondingly a significant suppression of corrosion,hydrogen evolution and Zn dendrites.Impressively,the ZPC@Zn||ZPC@Zn symmetric cell obtains a cycling lifespan over 3000 h under 5 mA cm^(-2)for 1 mA h cm^(-2).The ZPC@Zn||NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)coin-type full battery delivers a specific capacity of 195.8 mA h g^(-1)with a retention rate of78.5%at 2 A g^(-1)after 1100 cycles,and the ZPC@Zn||NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) pouch full cell shows a retention of70.1%in reversible capacity at 3 A g^(-1)after 1100 cycles.The present incorporation of imide-linked covalent organic frameworks in the surface modification of ZMAs will offer fresh perspectives in the search for ideal protective films for the practicality of AZIBs.
基金supported by the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (23JRRA789)the Major Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province (22ZD6GA008)。
文摘Hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),zinc corrosion,and dendrites growth on zinc metal anode are the major issues limiting the practical applications of zinc-ion batteries.Herein,an in-situ physical/chemical cross-linked hydrogel electrolyte(carrageenan/polyacrylamide/ZnSO_(4),denoted as CPZ)has been developed to stabilize the zinc anode-electrolyte interface,which can eliminate side reactions and prevent dendrites growth.The in-situ CPZ hydrogel electrolyte improves the reversibility of zinc anode due to eliminating side reactions caused by active water molecules.Furthermore,the electrostatic interaction between the SO_(4)^(-)groups in CPZ and Zn^(2+)can encourage the preferential deposition of zinc atoms on(002)crystal plane,which achieve dendrite-free and homogeneous zinc deposition.The in-situ hydrogel electrolyte offers a streamlined approach to battery manufacturing by allowing for direct integration into the battery.Subsequently,the Zn//Zn half battery with CPZ hydrogel electrolyte can enable an ultra-long cycle over 5500 h at a current density of 0.5 mA cm^(-2),and the Zn//Cu half battery reach an average coulombic efficiency of 99.37%.The Zn//V_(2)O_5-GO full battery with CPZ hydrogel electrolyte demonstrates94.5%of capacity retention after 2100 cycles.This study is expected to open new thought for the development of commercial hydrogel electrolytes for low-cost and long-life zinc-ion batteries.
基金supported by grants from the Major Basic Research Projects of Shandong Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020ZD07)the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong(2020CXGC010401).
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs),known for their high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness,have a wide range of potential applications in large-scale energy storage systems.However,the notorious dendrite growth and severe side reactions on the anode have significantly hindered their further practical development.Recent studies have shown that the solvation chemistry in the electrolyte is not only closely related to the barriers to the commercialization of AZIBs,but have also sparked a number of valuable ideas to address the challenges of AZIBs.Therefore,we systematically summarize and discuss the regulatory mechanisms of solvation chemistry in various types of electrolytes and the influence of the solvation environment on battery performance.The challenges and future directions for solvation strategies based on the electrolyte environment are proposed to improve their performance and expand their application in AZIBs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52377222)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (Nos. 2023JJ20064, 2023JJ40759)。
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) are promising candidates for the large-scale energy storage systems due to their high intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness.However,issues such as dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction,and interfacial passivation occurring at the anode/electrolyte interface(AEI) have hindered their practical application.Constructing a stable AEI plays a key role in regulating zinc deposition and improving the cycle life of AZIBs.The fundamentals of AEI and the challenges faced by the Zn anode due to unstable interfaces are discussed.A comprehensive summary of electrolyte regulation strategies by electrolyte engineering to achieve a stable Zn anode is provided.The effectiveness evaluation techniques for stable AEI are also analyzed,including the interfacial chemistry and surface morphology evolution of the Zn anode.Finally,suggestions and perspectives for future research are offered about enabling a durable and stable AEI via electrolyte engineering,which may pave the way for developing high-performance AZIBs.
基金financially supported by the Jiangsu Distinguished Professors Project (No.1711510024)the Funding for Scientific Research Startup of Jiangsu University (No.4111510015,19JDG044)+5 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Program for High-Level Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents Introductionthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22008091)the Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund (No.CX (21)1007)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2023A1515010894)the Open Project of Luzhou Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical Application Technology (HYJH-2302-A)the National Institute of Education,Singapore,under its Academic Research Fund (RI 1/21 EAH)。
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries possess substantial potential for energy storage applications;however,they are hampered by challenges such as dendrite formation and uncontrolled side reactions occurring at the zinc anode.In our investigation,we sought to mitigate these issues through the utilization of in situ zinc complex formation reactions to engineer hydrophobic protective layers on the zinc anode surface.These robust interfacial layers serve as effective barriers,isolating the zinc anode from the electrolyte and active water molecules and thereby preventing hydrogen evolution and the generation of undesirable byproducts.Additionally,the presence of numerous zincophilic sites within these protective layers facilitates uniform zinc deposition while concurrently inhibiting dendrite growth.Through comprehensive evaluation of functional anodes featuring diverse functional groups and alkyl chain lengths,we meticulously scrutinized the underlying mechanisms influencing performance variations.This analysis involved precise modulation of interfacial hydrophobicity,rapid Zn^(2+)ion transport,and ordered deposition of Zn^(2+)ions.Notably,the optimized anode,fabricated with octadecylphosphate(OPA),demonstrated exceptional performance characteristics.The Zn//Zn symmetric cell exhibited remarkable longevity,exceeding 4000 h under a current density of 2 mA cm^(-2)and a capacity density of 2 mA h cm^(-2),Furthermore,when integrated with a VOH cathode,the complete cell exhibited superior capacity retention compared to anodes modified with alternative organic molecules.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Higher Education Institution of China(2023AH051318).
文摘Ensuring a stable power output from renewable energy sources,such as wind and solar energy,depends on the development of large-scale and long-duration energy storage devices.Zinc–bromine fl ow batteries(ZBFBs)have emerged as cost-eff ective and high-energy-density solutions,replacing expensive all-vanadium fl ow batteries.However,uneven Zn deposition during charging results in the formation of problematic Zn dendrites,leading to mass transport polarization and self-discharge.Stable Zn plating and stripping are essential for the successful operation of high-areal-capacity ZBFBs.In this study,we successfully synthesized nitrogen and oxygen co-doped functional carbon felt(NOCF4)electrode through the oxidative polymerization of dopamine,followed by calcination under ambient conditions.The NOCF4 electrode eff ectively facilitates effi cient“shuttle deposition”of Zn during charging,signifi cantly enhancing the areal capacity of the electrode.Remarkably,ZBFBs utilizing NOCF4 as the anode material exhibited stable cycling performance for 40 cycles(approximately 240 h)at an areal capacity of 60 mA h/cm^(2).Even at a high areal capacity of 130 mA h/cm^(2),an impressive energy effi ciency of 76.98%was achieved.These fi ndings provide a promising pathway for the development of high-areal-capacity ZBFBs for advanced energy storage systems.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22275114)Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen Municipality(Grant No.WDZC20220817160017003)+2 种基金Cross-Disciplinary Research Fund of Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School(SIGS),Tsinghua University(Grant No.JC2022003)Overseas Research Cooperation Fund Research Plan of Tsinghua SIGS(Grant No.HW2023006)Scientific Research Startup Fund of SIGS,Tsinghua University(Grant Nos.QD2021027C and QD2023001C).
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have gained attention as promising candidates for nextgeneration large-scale energy storage systems due to their advantages of improved safety,environmental sustainability,and low cost.However,the zinc metal anode in aqueous ZIBs faces critical challenges,including dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reactions,and corrosion,which severely compromise Coulombic efficiency and cycling stability,hindering their broader adoption.This review first explores the fundamental mechanisms underlying these challenges and then examines current strategies to address them,focusing on structural design,surface modifications,electrolyte optimization,and alloying treatments.Finally,potential future directions are discussed,outlining a pathway toward achieving high-performance aqueous ZIBs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22309102)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M711788)+3 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB2404500)Fundamental Research Project of Shenzhen(Grant No.JCYJ20230807111702005)the Australian Research Council through the ARC Discovery Project(Grant No.DP230101579)ACR Linkage Project(Grant No.LP200200926).
文摘The intensifying challenges posed by climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels have spurred concerted global efforts to develop alternative energy storage solutions.Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have emerged as promising candidates for large-scale electrochemical energy storage systems because of their intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness,and environmental sustainability.However,Zn dendrite growth consis-tently poses a remarkable challenge to the performance improvement and commercial viability of AZIBs.The use of three-dimensional porous Zn anodes instead of planar Zn plates has been demonstrated as an effec-tive strategy to regulate the deposition/stripping behavior of Zn2+ions,thereby inhibiting the dendrite growth.Here,the merits of porous Zn anodes were summarized,and a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the engineering of porous Zn metal anodes was provided,with a particular emphasis on the structural orderliness and critical role of porous structure modulation in enhancing battery performance.Furthermore,strategic insights into the design of porous Zn anodes were presented to facilitate the practical implementation of AZIBs for grid-scale energy storage applications.
基金funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51772082 and 51804106)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2023JJ10005)
文摘Manganese-based material is a prospective cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries(ZIBs)by virtue of its high theoretical capacity,high operating voltage,and low price.However,the manganese dissolution during the electrochemical reaction causes its electrochemical cycling stability to be undesirable.In this work,heterointerface engineering-induced oxygen defects are introduced into heterostructure MnO_(2)(δa-MnO_(2))by in situ electrochemical activation to inhibit manganese dissolution for aqueous zinc ion batteries.Meanwhile,the heterointerface between the disordered amorphous and the crystalline MnO_(2)ofδa-MnO_(2)is decisive for the formation of oxygen defects.And the experimental results indicate that the manganese dissolution ofδa-MnO_(2)is considerably inhibited during the charge/discharge cycle.Theoretical analysis indicates that the oxygen defect regulates the electronic and band structure and the Mn-O bonding state of the electrode material,thereby promoting electron transport kinetics as well as inhibiting Mn dissolution.Consequently,the capacity ofδa-MnO_(2)does not degrade after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.5 Ag^(-1)and also 91%capacity retention after 500cycles at 1 Ag^(-1).This study provides a promising insight into the development of high-performance manganese-based cathode materials through a facile and low-cost strategy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872090,51772097,22304055)the Hebei Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholar(E2019209433)+4 种基金the Youth Talent Program of Hebei Provincial Education Department(BJ2018020)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2020209151,E2022209158,B2022209026,D2023209012)the Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(236Z4409G)the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(SLRC2019028)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Tangshan City(22130227H)。
文摘With the increasing demand for scalable and cost-effective electrochemical energy storage,aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have a broad application prospect as an inexpensive,efficient,and naturally secure energy storage device.However,the limitations suffered by AZIBs,including volume expansion and active materials dissolution of the cathode,electrochemical corrosion,irreversible side reactions,zinc dendrites of the anode,have seriously decelerated the civilianization process of AZIBs.Currently,polymers have tremendous superiority for application in AZIBs attributed to their exceptional chemical stability,tunable structure,high energy density and outstanding mechanical properties.Considering the expanding applications of AZIBs and the superiority of polymers,this comprehensive paper meticulously reviews the benefits of utilizing polymeric applied to cathodes and anodes,respectively.To begin with,with adjustable structure as an entry point,the correlation between polymer structure and the function of energy storage as well as optimization is deeply investigated in respect to the mechanism.Then,depending on the diversity of properties and structures,the development of polymers in AZIBs is summarized,including conductive polymers,redox polymers as well as carbon composite polymers for cathode and polyvinylidene fluoride-,carbonyl-,amino-,nitrile-based polymers for anode,and a comprehensive evaluation of the shortcomings of these strategies is provided.Finally,an outlook highlights some of the challenges posed by the application of polymers and offers insights into the potential future direction of polymers in AZIBs.It is designed to provide a thorough reference for researchers and developers working on polymer for AZIBs.
