Objective:To explore the feasibility of establishing the disease-syndrome combined animal model for immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)without additional conditions.Methods:Three batches of data related to the ITP mo...Objective:To explore the feasibility of establishing the disease-syndrome combined animal model for immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)without additional conditions.Methods:Three batches of data related to the ITP model mice obtained by replication at different time were analyzed,and whether the APS-injected model mice replicated through the passive immune modeling method could simulate the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of human ITP was evaluated according to the differentiation criteria for diseasesyndrome combined model.Results:The APS-injected replicated ITP model mice possessed the following traits:(1)Compared with the normal group,the platelet count was significantly decreased,and coagulation time was significantly increased in the model group(P<.01).(2)Compared with the normal group,the medullary thrombocytogenous megakaryocytes were significantly decreased(P<.05,.01,.001).(3)The APS-injected sites and other parts of the model mice had spontaneous hemorrhage.(4)Behavioral changing signs were observed 1 week after the modeling(i.e.low activity,delayed activity,poor appetite,skin petechia/hemorrhage and spontaneous hemorrhage at the injected sites or other parts),and were getting more and more severe.Conclusion:According to the syndrome differentiation criteria for disease-syndrome combined model of ITP,the APS-injected animal model of ITP replicated through the passive immune modeling method without additional conditions possesses the characteristics of disease-syndrome combined model.It provides an ideal tool for the development of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacology experiment.展开更多
Objective: To establish and evaluate a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome. Methods: The mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome was established by the treatment with inje...Objective: To establish and evaluate a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome. Methods: The mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome was established by the treatment with injecting ovalbumin(OVA) two times to sensitize, inhaling OVA 14 times to stimulate, and using thyroxin through lavage during late stimulation. This model was evaluated through body weight, asthmatic behaviors, respiratory function, autonomous activity, lung pathology, and pulmonary fluid clearance. Results: OVA combined with thyroxin was an appropriate method to induce the mouse model with increased food and water intake, autonomous activity, asthmatic behaviors score, and respiratory rate, decreased body weight, tidal volume, and wet/dry ratio of lung, and changed with pathology of lung tissue. The changes of the above mentioned parameters indicated that the model was the bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome. Conclusion: The OVA combined with thyroxin is a good pattern to establish a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome successfully, which can highly simulate the clinical symptoms of this disease.展开更多
Objective:To explore the essence of spleen deficiency and dampness in Chinese medicine by successfully constructing a rat model with this syndrome.Methods:Rat models with the syndrome of dampness and spleen deficiency...Objective:To explore the essence of spleen deficiency and dampness in Chinese medicine by successfully constructing a rat model with this syndrome.Methods:Rat models with the syndrome of dampness and spleen deficiency were established with the use of a high-fat,low-protein diet and excessive fatigue induced by loaded swimming.A total of 25 common clinical serological markers were tested.The T test,rank test,and partial least squares regression-discriminant analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:Total protein,albumin,motilin,interferon-γ,interleukin-2,immunoglobulin A,immunoglobulin G,and complement 3 levels in the model rats were lower than those in the control group(P=0.029,P=0.032,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,respectively).The serum creatinine,total cholesterol,aldosterone,antidiuretic hormone,gastrin,interleukin-4,somatostatin,atrial natriuretic peptide,and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in the model group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.001,P=0.015,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,respectively).There was no statistical difference between the two groups in aspartate transaminase,alanine aminotransferase,globulin,albumin/globulin,blood urea nitrogen,high-density lipoprotein,and low-density lipoprotein.The model animal syndrome used two important variables in analysis with partial least squares regression-discriminant analysis.At the same time,the two dimensions were difficult to distinguish for each biological index.Conclusion:Spleen deficiency is often associated with dampness.The index that represents spleen deficiency can also represent dampness.Cytokines,immunoglobulins,and gastrointestinal hormones play a major causative role in both spleen deficiency and dampness.展开更多
[Objectives] To establish animal models of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency that were suitable for activity discovery of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) compounds,efficacy evaluation,new dr...[Objectives] To establish animal models of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency that were suitable for activity discovery of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) compounds,efficacy evaluation,new drug research and development and correspondence between prescription and syndrome of TCM. [Methods] A syndrome score scale that was suitable for evaluating the rat models was established according to the evolvement rules of etiology and pathogenesis of TCM and the modern clinical pathological mechanism. At the same time,bifendate pills and Sanqi Zhigan pills were selected as drug counterevidence for the models. Rats in model groups were given different proportions of high-fat and low-protein fodder and different concentrations of alcohol every day,and intraperitoneally injected with porcine serum twice a week. Drug groups were given with bifendate pills and Sanqi Zhigan pills( 8. 1 mg/kg,and 2. 7 g/kg) respectively for 14 consecutive days.During the experiment,general status,weight,daily fodder intake and daily water intake of the animals were observed,and TCM syndromes were scored. After the experiment,the levels of alanine aminotransferase( ALT),aspartate aminotransferase( AST),γ-glutamine transpeptidase( γ-GT),total cholesterol( TC),triglycerides( TG),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol( LDL-C),and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol( HDL-C) in serum were detected,and the pathological changes in liver tissue were observed. [Results] Compared with the control group,body weight,daily fodder and water intake of rats increased slowly in the model group,and the levels of ALT,AST,γ-GT,TC,TG and LDL-C increased significantly,while the level of HDL-C dropped. Pathological examination showed that steatosis and fat granule were observed in hepatocytes of rats in the model group. Behavioral observation found that main symptoms and minor symptoms of rats in the model group conformed to the syndrome manifestation of liver depression and spleen deficiency,which suggested that the three model groups were established successfully. Among them,three rats died in model group 1,and one rat died in model group 2. The manifestation of all the above lesions can be alleviated by drug counterevidence. [Conclusions]The animal model of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency shows an obviously lower mortality and shorter duration and can be used for research of correlation between prescription and syndrome and its mechanism.展开更多
基金Project of National Key Basic Research Program(973 Program)(No.2013CB531705).
文摘Objective:To explore the feasibility of establishing the disease-syndrome combined animal model for immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)without additional conditions.Methods:Three batches of data related to the ITP model mice obtained by replication at different time were analyzed,and whether the APS-injected model mice replicated through the passive immune modeling method could simulate the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of human ITP was evaluated according to the differentiation criteria for diseasesyndrome combined model.Results:The APS-injected replicated ITP model mice possessed the following traits:(1)Compared with the normal group,the platelet count was significantly decreased,and coagulation time was significantly increased in the model group(P<.01).(2)Compared with the normal group,the medullary thrombocytogenous megakaryocytes were significantly decreased(P<.05,.01,.001).(3)The APS-injected sites and other parts of the model mice had spontaneous hemorrhage.(4)Behavioral changing signs were observed 1 week after the modeling(i.e.low activity,delayed activity,poor appetite,skin petechia/hemorrhage and spontaneous hemorrhage at the injected sites or other parts),and were getting more and more severe.Conclusion:According to the syndrome differentiation criteria for disease-syndrome combined model of ITP,the APS-injected animal model of ITP replicated through the passive immune modeling method without additional conditions possesses the characteristics of disease-syndrome combined model.It provides an ideal tool for the development of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacology experiment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund(the regional project81460668)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(1310RJZ A086)the open fund project of Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province(ZDSYS-KJ-2013-008)
文摘Objective: To establish and evaluate a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome. Methods: The mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome was established by the treatment with injecting ovalbumin(OVA) two times to sensitize, inhaling OVA 14 times to stimulate, and using thyroxin through lavage during late stimulation. This model was evaluated through body weight, asthmatic behaviors, respiratory function, autonomous activity, lung pathology, and pulmonary fluid clearance. Results: OVA combined with thyroxin was an appropriate method to induce the mouse model with increased food and water intake, autonomous activity, asthmatic behaviors score, and respiratory rate, decreased body weight, tidal volume, and wet/dry ratio of lung, and changed with pathology of lung tissue. The changes of the above mentioned parameters indicated that the model was the bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome. Conclusion: The OVA combined with thyroxin is a good pattern to establish a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome successfully, which can highly simulate the clinical symptoms of this disease.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.81703838)National Key Basic Research and Development Program(973 Program)funded project,spleen and dampness of traditional Chinese medicine drug research(NO.2013CB531803)+1 种基金Shandong Province,Chinese medicine science and technology development project,project number:2015-008Shandong Province,Chinese medicine science and technology development project,project number:2017-027.
文摘Objective:To explore the essence of spleen deficiency and dampness in Chinese medicine by successfully constructing a rat model with this syndrome.Methods:Rat models with the syndrome of dampness and spleen deficiency were established with the use of a high-fat,low-protein diet and excessive fatigue induced by loaded swimming.A total of 25 common clinical serological markers were tested.The T test,rank test,and partial least squares regression-discriminant analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:Total protein,albumin,motilin,interferon-γ,interleukin-2,immunoglobulin A,immunoglobulin G,and complement 3 levels in the model rats were lower than those in the control group(P=0.029,P=0.032,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,respectively).The serum creatinine,total cholesterol,aldosterone,antidiuretic hormone,gastrin,interleukin-4,somatostatin,atrial natriuretic peptide,and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in the model group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.001,P=0.015,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,respectively).There was no statistical difference between the two groups in aspartate transaminase,alanine aminotransferase,globulin,albumin/globulin,blood urea nitrogen,high-density lipoprotein,and low-density lipoprotein.The model animal syndrome used two important variables in analysis with partial least squares regression-discriminant analysis.At the same time,the two dimensions were difficult to distinguish for each biological index.Conclusion:Spleen deficiency is often associated with dampness.The index that represents spleen deficiency can also represent dampness.Cytokines,immunoglobulins,and gastrointestinal hormones play a major causative role in both spleen deficiency and dampness.
基金Supported by National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for"Significant New Drugs Development"(2009ZX09502-015)Autonomous Innovation and Achievement Transformation Project of Shandong Province(2014ZZCX02104)+1 种基金Project of National Natural Science Foundation(81374059)Special Fund for Taishan Scholar Project(Ns201511107)
文摘[Objectives] To establish animal models of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency that were suitable for activity discovery of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) compounds,efficacy evaluation,new drug research and development and correspondence between prescription and syndrome of TCM. [Methods] A syndrome score scale that was suitable for evaluating the rat models was established according to the evolvement rules of etiology and pathogenesis of TCM and the modern clinical pathological mechanism. At the same time,bifendate pills and Sanqi Zhigan pills were selected as drug counterevidence for the models. Rats in model groups were given different proportions of high-fat and low-protein fodder and different concentrations of alcohol every day,and intraperitoneally injected with porcine serum twice a week. Drug groups were given with bifendate pills and Sanqi Zhigan pills( 8. 1 mg/kg,and 2. 7 g/kg) respectively for 14 consecutive days.During the experiment,general status,weight,daily fodder intake and daily water intake of the animals were observed,and TCM syndromes were scored. After the experiment,the levels of alanine aminotransferase( ALT),aspartate aminotransferase( AST),γ-glutamine transpeptidase( γ-GT),total cholesterol( TC),triglycerides( TG),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol( LDL-C),and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol( HDL-C) in serum were detected,and the pathological changes in liver tissue were observed. [Results] Compared with the control group,body weight,daily fodder and water intake of rats increased slowly in the model group,and the levels of ALT,AST,γ-GT,TC,TG and LDL-C increased significantly,while the level of HDL-C dropped. Pathological examination showed that steatosis and fat granule were observed in hepatocytes of rats in the model group. Behavioral observation found that main symptoms and minor symptoms of rats in the model group conformed to the syndrome manifestation of liver depression and spleen deficiency,which suggested that the three model groups were established successfully. Among them,three rats died in model group 1,and one rat died in model group 2. The manifestation of all the above lesions can be alleviated by drug counterevidence. [Conclusions]The animal model of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency shows an obviously lower mortality and shorter duration and can be used for research of correlation between prescription and syndrome and its mechanism.
