There is an increasing demand for salmonid authentication due to the globalization of the salmonid trade.DNA barcoding and mini-DNA barcoding are widely used for identifying fish species based on a fragment of the mit...There is an increasing demand for salmonid authentication due to the globalization of the salmonid trade.DNA barcoding and mini-DNA barcoding are widely used for identifying fish species based on a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)sequence.In this study,rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss),steelhead trout(O.mykiss),and Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)collected from two salmonid aquaculture bases in China were authenticated by DNA barcoding(about 650 bp)and mini-DNA barcoding(127 bp)to evaluate the accuracy of the two methods in the identification of different salmonid species.The results revealed that both methods could effectively distinguish O.mykiss and S.salar with 100%accuracy.However,the two methods failed to separate rainbow trout(O.mykiss)and steelhead trout(O.mykiss),which are the same species but cultured in different water environments.Moreover,salmonid samples from three main distribution channels in the Qingdao area(traditional supermarkets,online supermarkets,and sushi bars)were identified by the two methods.Substitution of S.salar with O.mykiss was discovered,and the 27.78%overall substitution rate of salmonids in the Qingdao area was higher than those in other regions reported in previous studies.In addition,the mislabeling rates of salmonids from traditional supermarkets,online supermarkets,and sushi bars were compared in this study.The mislabeling rate was significantly greater in sushi bars(50%)than in the other two channels(16.67%),suggesting that stronger monitoring and enforcement measures are necessary for the aquatic food catering industry.展开更多
Viral diseases represent one of the major threats for salmonids aquaculture.Early detection and identification of viral pathogens is the main prerequisite prior to undertaking effective prevention and control measures...Viral diseases represent one of the major threats for salmonids aquaculture.Early detection and identification of viral pathogens is the main prerequisite prior to undertaking effective prevention and control measures.Rapid,sensitive,efficient and portable detection method is highly essential for fish viral diseases detection.Biosensor strategies are highly prevalent and fulfill the expanding demands of on-site detection with fast response,cost-effectiveness,high sensitivity,and selectivity.With the development of material science,the nucleic acid biosensors fabricated by semiconductor have shown great potential in rapid and early detection or screening for diseases at salmonids fisheries.This paper reviews the current detection development of salmonids viral diseases.The present limitations and challenges of salmonids virus diseases surveillance and early detection are presented.Novel nucleic acid semiconductor biosensors are briefly reviewed.The perspective and potential application of biosensors in the on-site detection of salmonids diseases are discussed.展开更多
Eyed salmonid eggs can be subjected to large temperature swings during development, particularly when shipped in ice-filled containers from broodstock facilities to production hatcheries. This study examined the effec...Eyed salmonid eggs can be subjected to large temperature swings during development, particularly when shipped in ice-filled containers from broodstock facilities to production hatcheries. This study examined the effect of thermal tempering on the survival of brown trout <em>Salmo trutta</em> and rainbow trout <em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em> eyed eggs to hatch. Eyed eggs at 1<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C were either directly placed in 11<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C water or allowed to thermally temper from 1<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C to 11<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C gradually over an hour. In addition, each of the tempering treatments occurred either with or without a 10-minute iodophor disinfection treatment. Tempering had no significant effect on survival-to-hatch in either species (85% - 97%). However, survival was significantly lower in rainbow trout eggs subjected to iodine disinfection (73% - 75%) compared to non-disinfected eggs (91% - 97%), likely because of the close proximity to hatch. The results of this study indicate that slowly raising the temperature (thermal tempering) of brown trout and rainbow trout eyed eggs is unnecessary. Additionally, iodine disinfection of eyed salmonid eggs in close proximity to hatching should be avoided.展开更多
Environmental enrichment is the incorporation of materials into hatchery tanks to simulate a more natural rearing environment. This study investigated the use of a vertically-suspended plastic conduit array as enrichm...Environmental enrichment is the incorporation of materials into hatchery tanks to simulate a more natural rearing environment. This study investigated the use of a vertically-suspended plastic conduit array as enrichment in 3.63 m circular tanks during Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) rearing. After 168 days, feed conversion ratio was significantly improved for salmon reared in tanks with enrichment compared to the barren control tanks. Final tank weights and weight gain were not significantly different, although the difference in mean gain of 182.0 kg in the enriched tanks compared to 162.9 kg in the control tanks approached significance. There were no significant differences in individual fish length, weight, or condition factor between the treatments, likely because of large variances in body size due to sexual dimorphism and small sample sizes. The suspended array did not interfere with the hydraulic self-cleaning of the circular tanks. The results of this study support the use of vertically-suspended structures to improve the hatchery rearing performance of Atlantic salmon in circular tanks.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFD0901000)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Pro-vince,China(No.ZR2020MC194).
文摘There is an increasing demand for salmonid authentication due to the globalization of the salmonid trade.DNA barcoding and mini-DNA barcoding are widely used for identifying fish species based on a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)sequence.In this study,rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss),steelhead trout(O.mykiss),and Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)collected from two salmonid aquaculture bases in China were authenticated by DNA barcoding(about 650 bp)and mini-DNA barcoding(127 bp)to evaluate the accuracy of the two methods in the identification of different salmonid species.The results revealed that both methods could effectively distinguish O.mykiss and S.salar with 100%accuracy.However,the two methods failed to separate rainbow trout(O.mykiss)and steelhead trout(O.mykiss),which are the same species but cultured in different water environments.Moreover,salmonid samples from three main distribution channels in the Qingdao area(traditional supermarkets,online supermarkets,and sushi bars)were identified by the two methods.Substitution of S.salar with O.mykiss was discovered,and the 27.78%overall substitution rate of salmonids in the Qingdao area was higher than those in other regions reported in previous studies.In addition,the mislabeling rates of salmonids from traditional supermarkets,online supermarkets,and sushi bars were compared in this study.The mislabeling rate was significantly greater in sushi bars(50%)than in the other two channels(16.67%),suggesting that stronger monitoring and enforcement measures are necessary for the aquatic food catering industry.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2601304)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2602100)。
文摘Viral diseases represent one of the major threats for salmonids aquaculture.Early detection and identification of viral pathogens is the main prerequisite prior to undertaking effective prevention and control measures.Rapid,sensitive,efficient and portable detection method is highly essential for fish viral diseases detection.Biosensor strategies are highly prevalent and fulfill the expanding demands of on-site detection with fast response,cost-effectiveness,high sensitivity,and selectivity.With the development of material science,the nucleic acid biosensors fabricated by semiconductor have shown great potential in rapid and early detection or screening for diseases at salmonids fisheries.This paper reviews the current detection development of salmonids viral diseases.The present limitations and challenges of salmonids virus diseases surveillance and early detection are presented.Novel nucleic acid semiconductor biosensors are briefly reviewed.The perspective and potential application of biosensors in the on-site detection of salmonids diseases are discussed.
文摘Eyed salmonid eggs can be subjected to large temperature swings during development, particularly when shipped in ice-filled containers from broodstock facilities to production hatcheries. This study examined the effect of thermal tempering on the survival of brown trout <em>Salmo trutta</em> and rainbow trout <em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em> eyed eggs to hatch. Eyed eggs at 1<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C were either directly placed in 11<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C water or allowed to thermally temper from 1<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C to 11<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C gradually over an hour. In addition, each of the tempering treatments occurred either with or without a 10-minute iodophor disinfection treatment. Tempering had no significant effect on survival-to-hatch in either species (85% - 97%). However, survival was significantly lower in rainbow trout eggs subjected to iodine disinfection (73% - 75%) compared to non-disinfected eggs (91% - 97%), likely because of the close proximity to hatch. The results of this study indicate that slowly raising the temperature (thermal tempering) of brown trout and rainbow trout eyed eggs is unnecessary. Additionally, iodine disinfection of eyed salmonid eggs in close proximity to hatching should be avoided.
文摘Environmental enrichment is the incorporation of materials into hatchery tanks to simulate a more natural rearing environment. This study investigated the use of a vertically-suspended plastic conduit array as enrichment in 3.63 m circular tanks during Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) rearing. After 168 days, feed conversion ratio was significantly improved for salmon reared in tanks with enrichment compared to the barren control tanks. Final tank weights and weight gain were not significantly different, although the difference in mean gain of 182.0 kg in the enriched tanks compared to 162.9 kg in the control tanks approached significance. There were no significant differences in individual fish length, weight, or condition factor between the treatments, likely because of large variances in body size due to sexual dimorphism and small sample sizes. The suspended array did not interfere with the hydraulic self-cleaning of the circular tanks. The results of this study support the use of vertically-suspended structures to improve the hatchery rearing performance of Atlantic salmon in circular tanks.
