Reasonable control on CRI（coke reaction index）is one of the key factors for BF（blast furnace）low-carbon smelting.However,there are contrary opinions.One is increasing CRI to improve reaction efficiency in BF and t...Reasonable control on CRI（coke reaction index）is one of the key factors for BF（blast furnace）low-carbon smelting.However,there are contrary opinions.One is increasing CRI to improve reaction efficiency in BF and the other is decreasing CRI to suppress coke degradation in furnace.Different methods are adopted to realize effective catalysis（increasing CRI）and passivation（decreasing CRI）of coke.Simulation tests of coke in BF lumpy zone under gradual temperature rising have been done.Effect of CRI on gas composition,ore reduction,burden column permeability and heat reserve zone′s temperature under non-isothermal condition are studied.Then combined with iron making calculations,a novel BF operation suggestion is proposed as coke nut with small size be catalyzed and mixed with ore while skeletal coke with large size be passivated and separately charged into BF.展开更多
目的:观察超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年2月至2023年3月于该院行LC的86例患者的临床资料,按照麻醉方案不同将其分为研究组和对照组各43例。对照组实施全身麻醉,...目的:观察超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年2月至2023年3月于该院行LC的86例患者的临床资料,按照麻醉方案不同将其分为研究组和对照组各43例。对照组实施全身麻醉,研究组在对照组基础上联合超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞。比较两组镇痛泵按压次数,不同时间[麻醉前(T_(0))、麻醉后20 min(T_(1))、拔管时(T_(2))]血流动力学指标[心率、平均动脉压(MAP)]水平,术后不同时间疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]评分,手术前后应激指标[皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)]水平,以及不良反应发生率。结果:研究组镇痛泵按压次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T_(1)、T_(2)时,研究组心率、MAP水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后1、3、6 h VAS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1 d,研究组Cor、NE水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉应用于LC患者可减少镇痛泵按压次数,稳定血流动力学指标水平,降低术后疼痛评分和应激指标水平,效果优于单纯全身麻醉。展开更多
Agglomerated fluxes with different basicity index designed in laboratory were used to study electrochemical reactions between slag and metal in submerged arc welding under both power polarities. The droplet metal oxyg...Agglomerated fluxes with different basicity index designed in laboratory were used to study electrochemical reactions between slag and metal in submerged arc welding under both power polarities. The droplet metal oxygen and nitrogen contents were measured using oxygen-nitrogen instrument in order to analyze indirectly metallurgy electrochemical reactions taking place in cathode and anode of welding arc. The results show that just in the period of droplet growth at the tip of consumable electrode the electrochemical oxygen contamination is produced in the case of direct current electrode positive polarity whereas electrochemical oxygen lost in electrode negative polarity. Furthermore, the results indicate that the basicity index of molten slag has great influence upon electrochemical reaction. With basicity index increasing, the effect of oxygen transferring resulted from electrochemistry becomes more evident for reacting dynamics depended on ion characteristics of molten slag. The effect of basicity index on metal-slag electrochemical reaction is contrary to traditional thermo-chemical reaction and therefore it is necessary to be considered as a metallurgy factor.展开更多
利用西藏高原38个气象站1981-2020年逐日气象观测资料及1970-2000年30 s空间分辨率气候数据,对人体舒适度指数(ICHB)及高原人体舒适度指数(PICHB)时空变化特征进行分析。研究表明:(1)西藏高原近40 a ICHB呈显著上升趋势,整个西藏高原年I...利用西藏高原38个气象站1981-2020年逐日气象观测资料及1970-2000年30 s空间分辨率气候数据,对人体舒适度指数(ICHB)及高原人体舒适度指数(PICHB)时空变化特征进行分析。研究表明:(1)西藏高原近40 a ICHB呈显著上升趋势,整个西藏高原年ICHB升高率为0.76·(10a)-1,各气候区年ICHB升高率为(0.57~0.98)·(10a)^(-1)。季ICHB升高率在时间上表现为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。(2)年ICHB和季ICHB的升高率在空间上表现为西部>北部>东北部>东南部>中部、南部边缘。(3)PICHB空间上表现为寒冷特不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、西部及东北部的高山上;冷不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部及南部边缘的高山上;冷不舒适、中度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部和南部边缘等区域的较低海拔地区;凉较不舒适、轻度高原反应的区域主要分布在东南部和南部边缘地区;不冷不热舒适、无高原反应的区域主要分布在错那县南部和墨脱县南部。随着西藏高原近40 a和未来气候“暖湿化”的变化趋势,各地月ICHB、季ICHB、年ICHB明显提高,PICHB也发生相应的变化,均向着舒适度升高的方向发展。展开更多
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61271303)Fundamental Research Funds for CentralUniversities of China(FRF-TP-12-029A)
文摘Reasonable control on CRI（coke reaction index）is one of the key factors for BF（blast furnace）low-carbon smelting.However,there are contrary opinions.One is increasing CRI to improve reaction efficiency in BF and the other is decreasing CRI to suppress coke degradation in furnace.Different methods are adopted to realize effective catalysis（increasing CRI）and passivation（decreasing CRI）of coke.Simulation tests of coke in BF lumpy zone under gradual temperature rising have been done.Effect of CRI on gas composition,ore reduction,burden column permeability and heat reserve zone′s temperature under non-isothermal condition are studied.Then combined with iron making calculations,a novel BF operation suggestion is proposed as coke nut with small size be catalyzed and mixed with ore while skeletal coke with large size be passivated and separately charged into BF.
文摘目的:观察超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年2月至2023年3月于该院行LC的86例患者的临床资料,按照麻醉方案不同将其分为研究组和对照组各43例。对照组实施全身麻醉,研究组在对照组基础上联合超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞。比较两组镇痛泵按压次数,不同时间[麻醉前(T_(0))、麻醉后20 min(T_(1))、拔管时(T_(2))]血流动力学指标[心率、平均动脉压(MAP)]水平,术后不同时间疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]评分,手术前后应激指标[皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)]水平,以及不良反应发生率。结果:研究组镇痛泵按压次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T_(1)、T_(2)时,研究组心率、MAP水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后1、3、6 h VAS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1 d,研究组Cor、NE水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉应用于LC患者可减少镇痛泵按压次数,稳定血流动力学指标水平,降低术后疼痛评分和应激指标水平,效果优于单纯全身麻醉。
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 51075197）, Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Support Program （ No. BE2012186）.
文摘Agglomerated fluxes with different basicity index designed in laboratory were used to study electrochemical reactions between slag and metal in submerged arc welding under both power polarities. The droplet metal oxygen and nitrogen contents were measured using oxygen-nitrogen instrument in order to analyze indirectly metallurgy electrochemical reactions taking place in cathode and anode of welding arc. The results show that just in the period of droplet growth at the tip of consumable electrode the electrochemical oxygen contamination is produced in the case of direct current electrode positive polarity whereas electrochemical oxygen lost in electrode negative polarity. Furthermore, the results indicate that the basicity index of molten slag has great influence upon electrochemical reaction. With basicity index increasing, the effect of oxygen transferring resulted from electrochemistry becomes more evident for reacting dynamics depended on ion characteristics of molten slag. The effect of basicity index on metal-slag electrochemical reaction is contrary to traditional thermo-chemical reaction and therefore it is necessary to be considered as a metallurgy factor.
文摘利用西藏高原38个气象站1981-2020年逐日气象观测资料及1970-2000年30 s空间分辨率气候数据,对人体舒适度指数(ICHB)及高原人体舒适度指数(PICHB)时空变化特征进行分析。研究表明:(1)西藏高原近40 a ICHB呈显著上升趋势,整个西藏高原年ICHB升高率为0.76·(10a)-1,各气候区年ICHB升高率为(0.57~0.98)·(10a)^(-1)。季ICHB升高率在时间上表现为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。(2)年ICHB和季ICHB的升高率在空间上表现为西部>北部>东北部>东南部>中部、南部边缘。(3)PICHB空间上表现为寒冷特不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、西部及东北部的高山上;冷不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部及南部边缘的高山上;冷不舒适、中度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部和南部边缘等区域的较低海拔地区;凉较不舒适、轻度高原反应的区域主要分布在东南部和南部边缘地区;不冷不热舒适、无高原反应的区域主要分布在错那县南部和墨脱县南部。随着西藏高原近40 a和未来气候“暖湿化”的变化趋势,各地月ICHB、季ICHB、年ICHB明显提高,PICHB也发生相应的变化,均向着舒适度升高的方向发展。
