BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a potentially fatal complication of hepatectomy.The use of postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation in patients who have undergone hepatectomy is controversial because of the...BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a potentially fatal complication of hepatectomy.The use of postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation in patients who have undergone hepatectomy is controversial because of the risk of postoperative bleeding.Therefore,we hypothesized that monitoring plasma D-dimer could be useful in the early diagnosis of VTE after hepatectomy.AIM To evaluate the utility of monitoring plasma D-dimer levels in the early diagnosis of VTE after hepatectomy.METHODS The medical records of patients who underwent hepatectomy at our institution between January 2017 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they developed VTE after hepatectomy,as diagnosed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography and/or ultrasonography of the lower extremities.Clinicopathological factors,including demographic data and perioperative D-dimer values,were compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the D-dimer cutoff value.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression analysis to identify significant predictors.RESULTS In total,234 patients who underwent hepatectomy were,of whom(5.6%)were diagnosed with VTE following hepatectomy.A comparison between the two groups showed significant differences in operative time(529 vs 403 min,P=0.0274)and blood loss(530 vs 138 mL,P=0.0067).The D-dimer levels on postoperative days(POD)1,3,5,7 were significantly higher in the VTE group than in the non-VTE group.In the multivariate analysis,intraoperative blood loss of>275 mL[odds ratio(OR)=5.32,95%confidence interval(CI):1.05-27.0,P=0.044]and plasma D-dimer levels on POD 5≥21μg/mL(OR=10.1,95%CI:2.04-50.1,P=0.0046)were independent risk factors for VTE after hepatectomy.CONCLUSION Monitoring of plasma D-dimer levels after hepatectomy is useful for early diagnosis of VTE and may avoid routine prophylactic anticoagulation in the postoperative period.展开更多
Objective： Elevated plasma D-dimer has been reported to be associated with advanced tumor stage and poor survival in several types of malignancies. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential impact of preo...Objective： Elevated plasma D-dimer has been reported to be associated with advanced tumor stage and poor survival in several types of malignancies. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential impact of preoperative plasma D-dimer level（PDL） on overall survival（OS） of gastric cancer（GC） patients undergoing curative surgery by applying propensity score analysis.Methods： A total of 1,025 curatively resected GC patients in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute ＆Hospital were enrolled. Patients were categorized into two groups based on preoperative PDL： the elevated group（EG） and the normal group（NG）. To overcome bias due to the different distribution of covariates for the two groups, a one-to-one match was applied using propensity score analysis, after matching, prognostic factors were analyzed.Results： In analysis for the whole study series, patients in the EG were more likely to have a larger proportion of tumor size ≥5 cm（67.5% vs. 55.8%, P=0.006）, elder mean age（64.0±10.8 years vs. 60.5±11.6 years, P〈0.001） and advanced tumor（T）, node（N）, and TNM stage. Patients with elevated PDL demonstrated a significantly lower 5-year OS than those with normal PDL（27.0% vs. 42.6%, P〈0.001）, however, the PDL was not an independent prognostic factor for OS in multivariate analysis [hazard ratio： 1.13, 95% confidence interval（95% CI）： 0.92–1.39,P=0.236]. After matching, 163 patients in the EG and 163 patients in the NG had the same characteristics. The 5-year OS rate for patients in the EG was 27.0% compared with 25.8% for those in the NG（P=0.809, log-rank）.Conclusions： The poor prognosis of GC patients with elevated preoperative PDL was due to the advanced tumor stage and elder age rather than the elevated D-dimer itself.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of the changes of D-dimer levels in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: The plasma levels of D-dimer were measured pre-and postoperatively in 33 patients with ...Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of the changes of D-dimer levels in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: The plasma levels of D-dimer were measured pre-and postoperatively in 33 patients with esophageal cancer and 30 healthy subjects served as controls by the method of quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The mean preoperative plasma levels of D-dimer in the patients with esophageal cancer (1.98 mg/L±0.34 mg/L) were significantly higher than that of controls (0.33 mg/L±0.12 mg/L) (P<0.01). The D-dimer levels were remarkably elevated on the 1st day after operation (2.41 mg/L±0.55 mg/L) (P<0.01). On the 3rd day the level of D-dimer began to stepwise descend and on the 14th day near to control. The preoperative levels of D-dimer were significantly correlated with the tumor size but had no association with tumor location. A stepwise increase in the mean DD levels was found with the tumor stage. Conclusion: The hypercoagulation and fibrinolysis have occurred in patients with esophageal cancer. The operative trauma could enhance the fibrinolysis in the patients with esophageal cancer. The measurement of the preoperative DD levels is considered to be useful for the preoperative staging of esophageal cancer.展开更多
Objective:The principal purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between level of plasma D-dimer and survival time in metastatic gastric cancer patients.Methods:We retrospectively collected the data of ...Objective:The principal purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between level of plasma D-dimer and survival time in metastatic gastric cancer patients.Methods:We retrospectively collected the data of plasma D-dimer in metastatic gastric cancer patients admitted in our Department (Department of Oncology,The Affiliated Changzheng Hospital,The Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,China) from October 2006 to October 2008 and analyzed the relationship between level of plasma D-dimer and survival time along with other clinicopathologic parameters.Results:A total of 82 patients were studied in our research,52 were males and 30 females,and the mean age was 57 years.The 48 cases had a normal plasma D-dimer level (<300μg/L) and 34 had a high plasma D-dimer level (≥300μg/L).In the normal and high plasma D-dimer level groups,the mean survival times were 10.9 (95% CI:9.8-12.2) months and 6.8(95% CI:4.4-7.6) months respectively,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:Metastatic gastric cancer patients with high plasma D-dimer level had significantly shorter survival time than those with normal plasma D-dimer level.Level of plasma D-dimer can be referred as a potential predictor in metastatic gastric cancer patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening disease.Early diagnosis is essential,but no single marker of infection has been identified.Sepsis activates a coagulation cascade with simultaneous production of the D-...BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening disease.Early diagnosis is essential,but no single marker of infection has been identified.Sepsis activates a coagulation cascade with simultaneous production of the D-dimers due to lysis of fibrin.Ddimer test reflects the activation of the coagulation system.AIM To assess the D-dimer plasma level,elaborating its clinicopathological value in neonates with early-onset and late-onset neonatal sepsis.METHODS The study was a prospective cross-sectional study that included ninety neonates;divided into three groups:Group I:Early-onset sepsis(EOS);Group II:Late-onset sepsis(LOS);and GroupⅢ:Control group.We diagnosed neonatal sepsis according to our protocol.C-reactive protein(CRP)and D-dimer assays were compared between EOS and LOS and correlated to the causative microbiological agents.RESULTS D-dimer was significantly higher in septic groups with a considerably higher number of cases with positive D-dimer.Neonates with LOS had substantially higher levels of D-dimer than EOS,with no significant differences in CRP.Neonates with LOS had a significantly longer hospitalization duration and higher gram-negative bacteriemia and mortality rates than EOS(P<0.01).Gramnegative bacteria have the highest D-dimer levels(Acinetobacter,Klebsiella,and Pseudomonas)and CRP(Serratia,Klebsiella,and Pseudomonas);while gram-positive sepsis was associated with relatively lower levels.D-dimer had a significant negative correlation with hemoglobin level and platelet count;and a significant positive correlation with CRP,hospitalization duration,and mortality rates.The best-suggested cut-off point for D-dimer in neonatal sepsis was 0.75 mg/L,giving a sensitivity of 72.7%and specificity of 86.7%.The D-dimer assay has specificity and sensitivity comparable to CRP in the current study.CONCLUSION The current study revealed a significant diagnostic value for D-dimer in neonatal sepsis.D-dimer can be used as an adjunct to other sepsis markers to increase the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing neonatal sepsis.展开更多
Background: The elevation of plasma D-dimer levels is fully described and associated with the increase of the mortality of patients with HIV. The present study was aimed to estimate and assess the plasma D-dimer level...Background: The elevation of plasma D-dimer levels is fully described and associated with the increase of the mortality of patients with HIV. The present study was aimed to estimate and assess the plasma D-dimer levels in HIV patient. Material and Methods: A case control study done in May 2015. A total of 100 subjects were enrolled in this study;50 were patients professionally diagnosed by HIV;25 (50%) were males and 25 (50%) were females;their mean age is 35 years. Further 50 normal healthy individuals as normal control group: their gender and age were matched with patient groups. The platelets poor plasma (PPP) was immediately prepared from citrated blood, then the plasma D-dimer level was measured using (MISPA-i<sub>2</sub> Reagent) Switzerland. Data were analyzed using statistical packing for social sciences program (SPSS) 20. Results: The D-dimer levels was significantly higher in patient with HIV compared with the normal healthy control group (Mean and STD 502.2 ± 287.8 vs 251.8 ± 152.7 P. value 0.01). Conclusion: The D-dimer level was significantly higher in patient with HIV compared with those in normal healthy control group.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 in children with Mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods: A total of 100 children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumonia from the pediatric de...Objective: To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 in children with Mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods: A total of 100 children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumonia from the pediatric department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, admitted between November 2023 and June 2024, were selected for the study. According to the severity of the condition, they were divided into two groups: a mild group (50 cases) and a severe group (50 cases). After treatment, they were further divided into an effective group (63 cases) and a non-effective group (37 cases) based on the treatment outcomes, to compare their diagnostic values. Results: The levels of D-dimer, CRP, IL-6, length of hospital stay, fever resolution time, cough resolution time, and the time for lung rales to disappear were higher in the severe group than in the mild group (P < 0.05). The levels of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 in the non-effective group were higher than those in the effective group (P < 0.05). In this study, using pathological results as the “gold standard,” it was found that the positive detection rate for the combined detection of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 was higher than the detection rate for each of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 alone, suggesting that the combined diagnosis had a higher positive detection rate (P < 0.05). Compared with D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6, the combined sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were all higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion: D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 are closely related to Mycoplasma pneumonia in children and can serve as auxiliary diagnostic tools for Mycoplasma pneumonia in children, offering significant value.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the value of D-dimer(D-D),interleukin-6(IL-6),and IL-18 in the differential diagnosis of children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(RMPP).Methods:The medical records of 92 children w...Objective:To analyze the value of D-dimer(D-D),interleukin-6(IL-6),and IL-18 in the differential diagnosis of children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(RMPP).Methods:The medical records of 92 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)treated in the hospital were selected for retrospective analysis from January 2023 to January 2024.After comprehensive examinations such as computed tomography examination of the chest,48 children with general Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(GMPP)were put in the GMPP group and 44 children with RMPP were grouped in the RMPP group.The IL-6,IL-18,and D-D levels were compared between the two groups,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to analyze their value for differential diagnosis of RMPP.Results:The levels of IL-6,IL-18,and D-D in the RMPP group were higher than those in the GMPP group(P<0.05);the ROC curves showed that the specificity of the differential diagnosis of IL-6,IL-18,and D-D was higher,and their diagnostic value was significant.Conclusion:Determination of IL-6,IL-18,and D-D levels in children with MPP can further diagnose the children’s condition,which can help physicians formulate targeted treatment plans,and is of great significance to the improvement of the children’s condition,which is worthy of attention.展开更多
The formation of an embedded electron current sheet within the magnetotail plasma sheet has been poorly understood.In this article,we present an electron current layer detected at the edge of the magnetotail plasma sh...The formation of an embedded electron current sheet within the magnetotail plasma sheet has been poorly understood.In this article,we present an electron current layer detected at the edge of the magnetotail plasma sheet.The ions were demagnetized inside the electron current layer,but the electrons were still frozen in with the magnetic field line.Thus,this decoupling of ions and electrons gave rise to a strong Hall electric field,which could be the reason for the formation of the embedded thin current layer.The magnetized electrons,the absence of the nongyrotropic electron distribution,and negligible energy dissipation in the layer indicate that magnetic reconnection had not been triggered within the embedded thin current layer.The highly asymmetric plasma on the two sides of the current layer and low magnetic shear across it could suppress magnetic reconnection.The observations indicate that the embedded electric current layer,probably generated by the Hall electric field,even down to electron scale,is not a sufficient condition for magnetic reconnection.展开更多
This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signa...This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signals and degrade positioning accuracy.Managed by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GNSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude regions.Ina-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast Asia.We provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)change index(ROTI)derived from this network.We generate ROTI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific research.Two preliminary findings from the ROTI maps of Ina-CORS are noteworthy.First,the Ina-CORS ROTI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther eastward.Second,we demonstrate that combined ROTI maps from Ina-CORS and GNSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East Asia.We have demonstrated the combined ROTI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,2024.We observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities post-midnight.By sharing ROTI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GNSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionospheric research.展开更多
Theoretical analysis has demonstrated that the dispersion relation of chorus waves plays an essential role in the resonant interaction and energy transformation between the waves and magnetospheric electrons.Previous ...Theoretical analysis has demonstrated that the dispersion relation of chorus waves plays an essential role in the resonant interaction and energy transformation between the waves and magnetospheric electrons.Previous quantitative analyses often simplified the chorus dispersion relation by using the cold plasma assumption.However,the applicability of the cold plasma assumption is doubtful,especially during geomagnetic disturbances.We here present a systematic statistical analysis on the validity of the cold plasma dispersion relation of chorus waves based on observations from the Van Allen Probes over the period from 2012 to 2018.The statistical results show that the observed magnetic field intensities deviate substantially from those calculated from the cold plasma dispersion relation and that they become more pronounced with an increase in geomagnetic activity or a decrease in background plasma density.The region with large deviations is mainly concentrated in the nightside and expands in both the radial and azimuthal directions as the geomagnetic activity increases or the background plasma density decreases.In addition,the bounce-averaged electron scattering rates are computed by using the observed and cold plasma dispersion relation of chorus waves.Compared with usage of the cold plasma dispersion relation,usage of the observed dispersion relation considerably lowers the minimum resonant energy of electrons and lowers the scattering rates of electrons above tens of kiloelectronvolts but enhances those below.Furthermore,these differences are more pronounced with the enhancement of geomagnetic activity or the decrease in background plasma density.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is strongly associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events,including severe outcomes such as pulmonary embolism.Elevated D-dimer levels are a critical biomarker for...BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is strongly associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events,including severe outcomes such as pulmonary embolism.Elevated D-dimer levels are a critical biomarker for assessing this risk.In Gabon,early implementation of anticoagulation therapy and D-dimer testing has been crucial in managing COVID-19.This study hypothesizes that elevated Ddimer levels are linked to increased COVID-19 severity.AIM To determine the impact of D-dimer levels on COVID-19 severity and their role in guiding clinical decisions.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed COVID-19 patients admitted to two hospitals in Gabon between March 2020 and December 2023.The study included patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnoses and available D-dimer measurements at admission.Data on demographics,clinical outcomes,D-dimer levels,and healthcare costs were collected.COVID-19 severity was classified as non-severe(outpatients)or severe(inpatients).A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between D-dimer levels and disease severity,with adjusted odds ratios(OR)and 95%CI.RESULTS A total of 3004 patients were included,with a mean age of 50.17 years,and the majority were female(53.43%).Elevated D-dimer levels were found in 65.81%of patients,and 57.21%of these experienced severe COVID-19.Univariate analysis showed that patients with elevated D-dimer levels had 3.33 times higher odds of severe COVID-19(OR=3.33,95%CI:2.84-3.92,P<0.001),and this association remained significant in the multivariable analysis,adjusted for age,sex,and year of collection.The financial analysis revealed a substantial burden,particularly for uninsured patients.CONCLUSION D-dimer predicts COVID-19 severity and guides treatment,but the high cost of anticoagulant therapy highlights the need for policies ensuring affordable access in resource-limited settings like Gabon.展开更多
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)often leads to vascular complications,such as albuminuria.The role of insulin autoantibodies(IAA)and their interaction with D-dimer in this context remains unclear.AIM To inves...BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)often leads to vascular complications,such as albuminuria.The role of insulin autoantibodies(IAA)and their interaction with D-dimer in this context remains unclear.AIM To investigate the characteristics of IAA and its effect on albuminuria in T2DM patients.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 115 T2DM patients with positive IAA induced by exogenous insulin,and 115 age-and sex-matched IAA-negative T2DM patients as controls.Propensity scores were calculated using multivariate logistic regression.Key variables were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)algorithm.We constructed a prediction model and analyzed the association between IAA and albuminuria based on demographic and laboratory parameters.RESULTS The IAA-positive group had significantly higher D-dimer levels[0.30(0.19-0.55)mg/L vs 0.21(0.19-0.33)mg/L,P=0.008]and plasma insulin levels[39.1(12.0-102.7)μU/mL vs 9.8(5.5-17.6)μU/mL,P<0.001]compared to the IAA-negative group.Increases in the insulin dose per weight ratio,diabetes duration,and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR)were observed but did not reach statistical significance.The LASSO model identified plasma insulin and D-dimer as key factors with larger coefficients.D-dimer was significantly associated with UACR in the total and IAA-positive groups but not in the IAA-negative group.The odds ratio for D-dimer elevation(>0.5 g/L)was 2.88(95%confidence interval:1.17-7.07)in the IAA-positive group(P interaction<0.05).CONCLUSION D-dimer elevation is an independent risk factor for abnormal albuminuria and interacts with IAA in the development of abnormal albuminuria in T2DM patients.展开更多
Several promising plasma biomarker proteins,such as amyloid-β(Aβ),tau,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein,are widely used for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,little is k...Several promising plasma biomarker proteins,such as amyloid-β(Aβ),tau,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein,are widely used for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,little is known about the long-term stability of these biomarker proteins in plasma samples stored at-80°C.We aimed to explore how storage time would affect the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers using a large cohort.Plasma samples from 229 cognitively unimpaired individuals,encompassing healthy controls and those experiencing subjective cognitive decline,as well as 99 patients with cognitive impairment,comprising those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia,were acquired from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline project.These samples were stored at-80°C for up to 6 years before being used in this study.Our results showed that plasma levels of Aβ42,Aβ40,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein were not significantly correlated with sample storage time.However,the level of total tau showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.Notably,in individuals without cognitive impairment,plasma levels of total protein and tau phosphorylated protein threonine 181(p-tau181)also showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.This was not observed in individuals with cognitive impairment.Consequently,we speculate that the diagnostic accuracy of plasma p-tau181 and the p-tau181 to total tau ratio may be influenced by sample storage time.Therefore,caution is advised when using these plasma biomarkers for the identification of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease.Furthermore,in cohort studies,it is important to consider the impact of storage time on the overall results.展开更多
With the continuous advancement of cancer treatment methods, plasma combined with drug therapy has garnered widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy. This paper elaborates on the generation and charact...With the continuous advancement of cancer treatment methods, plasma combined with drug therapy has garnered widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy. This paper elaborates on the generation and characteristics of plasma, as well as its mechanisms of action on cancer cells when used alone, including the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and damage to cancer cell membranes, and organelles. It emphasizes the synergistic mechanisms observed when plasma is combined with various anticancer drugs (e.g., chemotherapeutic agents, targeted drugs, and immunotherapies). The analysis focuses on enhancing drug uptake, promoting the activation of drug action targets, and improving the tumor microenvironment. These insights provide a theoretical basis for optimizing plasma-drug combination therapy for cancer.展开更多
This paper systematically elucidates the application of plasma technology in cancer treatment,including its principles,case studies,comparative advantages over traditional methods,challenges,and countermeasures.Plasma...This paper systematically elucidates the application of plasma technology in cancer treatment,including its principles,case studies,comparative advantages over traditional methods,challenges,and countermeasures.Plasma technology targets and eliminates cancer cells with precision through physical,chemical,and immune-regulatory mechanisms,offering high accuracy and low side effects.International applications include plasma scalpels in the United States,combined chemotherapy and low-temperature plasma therapy in Russia,and plasma-targeted capture technology in China.However,plasma technology faces technical hurdles and clinical application barriers,requiring interdisciplinary collaboration and industry-academia-research cooperation to advance its development.展开更多
Plasma spark sources are widely used in high-resolution seismic exploration.However,research on the excitation mechanism and propagation characteristics of plasma spark sources is very limited.In this study,we elabora...Plasma spark sources are widely used in high-resolution seismic exploration.However,research on the excitation mechanism and propagation characteristics of plasma spark sources is very limited.In this study,we elaborated on the excitation process of corona discharge plasma spark source based on indoor experimental data.The electrode spacing has a direct impact on the movement of bubbles.As the spacing between bubbles decreases,they collapsed and fused,thereby suppressing the secondary pulse process.Based on the premise of linear arrangement and equal energy synchronous excitation,the motion equation of multiple bubbles under these conditions was derived,and a calculation method for the near-field wavelet model of plasma spark source was established.We simulated the source signals received in different directions and constructed a spatial wavelet face spectrum.Compared with traditional far-field wavelets,the spatial wavelet facial feature representation method provides a more comprehensive display of the variation characteristics and propagation properties of source wavelets in three-dimensional space.The spatial wavelet variation process of the plasma spark source was analyzed,and the source depth and the virtual reflection path are the main factors affecting the wavelet.The high-frequency properties of plasma electric spark source wavelets lead to their sensitivity to factors such as wave fluctuations,position changes,and environmental noise.Minor changes in collection parameters may result in significant changes in the recorded waveform and final data resolution.So,the facial feature method provides more effective technical support for wavelet evaluation.展开更多
Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO_(2)due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO_(2)adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work d...Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO_(2)due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO_(2)adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work demonstrates a one-step rapid and sustainable N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment process to prepare graphene-based sorbent material with enhanced CO_(2)adsorption performance.Plasma treatment directly enriches amine species,increases surface area,and improves textural properties.The CO_(2)adsorption capacity increases from 1.6 to 3.3 mmol/g for capturing flue gas,and from 0.14 to 1.3 mmol/g for direct air capture (DAC).Importantly,the electrothermal property of the plasma-modified aerogels has been significantly improved,resulting in faster heating rates and significantly reducing energy consumption compared to conventional external heating for regeneration of sorbents.Modified aerogels display improved selectivity of 42 and 87 after plasma modification for 5 and 10 min,respectively.The plasma-treated aerogels display minimal loss between 17%and 19% in capacity after 40 adsorption/desorption cycles,rendering excellent stability.The N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment of adsorbent materials would lower energy expenses and prevent negative effects on the global economy caused by climate change.展开更多
Platelet rich plasma(PRP)is an autologous blood product rich in platelets,showing promise in reducing inflammation and accelerating healing.While extensively utilized in plastic surgery,dermatology,and osteoarthritis ...Platelet rich plasma(PRP)is an autologous blood product rich in platelets,showing promise in reducing inflammation and accelerating healing.While extensively utilized in plastic surgery,dermatology,and osteoarthritis treatment,its application in anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injuries is limited.This article examines PRP's potential in ACL reconstruction(ACLR),exploring its history,current usage,controversies and future directions.PRP has demonstrated significant early benefits in ligamentisation and vascularisation post-ACLR,though its long-term efficacy is inconsistent.Studies suggest that PRP may serve as both an adjunct therapy in ACLR to enhance initial healing and reduce postoperative complications,and as a non-surgical alternative for small ACL tears.Despite these promising findings,outcome variability necessitates further high-quality research to optimize PRP formulations and determine its most effective applications.The exploration of PRP as a treatment modality in ACLR offers promising but varied outcomes.PRP holds considerable promise as both an adjunct and alternative to traditional ACLR.This article underscores the need for targeted research to fully realize PRP's therapeutic potential in ACL treatment,aiming to inform future studies and clinical practices.By understanding PRP's mechanisms of efficacy and identifying the most beneficial patient populations,PRP could significantly impact orthopaedics and sports medicine,improving recovery pathways and patient outcomes.展开更多
Objective To investigate the mechanisms of electroacupuncture （EA） at ＂Baihui＂ （百会 GV 20） and ＂Shuigou＂ （水沟 GV 26） for treating cerebral infarction. Methods Forty healthy SD rats were randomly divided in...Objective To investigate the mechanisms of electroacupuncture （EA） at ＂Baihui＂ （百会 GV 20） and ＂Shuigou＂ （水沟 GV 26） for treating cerebral infarction. Methods Forty healthy SD rats were randomly divided into model group （n = 10）, EA group （n = 10）, normal group （n = 10）, and sham operation group （n = 10）. The model of acute cerebral infarction was established by blocking the middle cerebral artery with an intraluminal thread. EA was applied at ＂Baihui＂ （百会 GV 20） and ＂Shuigou＂ （水沟GV 26） in the rats of EA group after the models were developed. The contents of D-dimer （D-D） and fibrinogen （Fib） were measured in each group. Results The contents of D-D and Fib increased signifi- cantly in model group as compared with normal and sham operation groups, respectively （P〈0.01）, and they decreased significantly in EA group as compared with model group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion EA can ob-viously decrease the contents of D-D and Fib, improve abnormal fibrinolysis, lower blood viscosity and ameliorate cerebral blood circulation in the rats with acute cerebral infarction.展开更多
基金This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine(Provided ID Number:B210306).
文摘BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a potentially fatal complication of hepatectomy.The use of postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation in patients who have undergone hepatectomy is controversial because of the risk of postoperative bleeding.Therefore,we hypothesized that monitoring plasma D-dimer could be useful in the early diagnosis of VTE after hepatectomy.AIM To evaluate the utility of monitoring plasma D-dimer levels in the early diagnosis of VTE after hepatectomy.METHODS The medical records of patients who underwent hepatectomy at our institution between January 2017 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they developed VTE after hepatectomy,as diagnosed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography and/or ultrasonography of the lower extremities.Clinicopathological factors,including demographic data and perioperative D-dimer values,were compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the D-dimer cutoff value.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression analysis to identify significant predictors.RESULTS In total,234 patients who underwent hepatectomy were,of whom(5.6%)were diagnosed with VTE following hepatectomy.A comparison between the two groups showed significant differences in operative time(529 vs 403 min,P=0.0274)and blood loss(530 vs 138 mL,P=0.0067).The D-dimer levels on postoperative days(POD)1,3,5,7 were significantly higher in the VTE group than in the non-VTE group.In the multivariate analysis,intraoperative blood loss of>275 mL[odds ratio(OR)=5.32,95%confidence interval(CI):1.05-27.0,P=0.044]and plasma D-dimer levels on POD 5≥21μg/mL(OR=10.1,95%CI:2.04-50.1,P=0.0046)were independent risk factors for VTE after hepatectomy.CONCLUSION Monitoring of plasma D-dimer levels after hepatectomy is useful for early diagnosis of VTE and may avoid routine prophylactic anticoagulation in the postoperative period.
文摘Objective： Elevated plasma D-dimer has been reported to be associated with advanced tumor stage and poor survival in several types of malignancies. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential impact of preoperative plasma D-dimer level（PDL） on overall survival（OS） of gastric cancer（GC） patients undergoing curative surgery by applying propensity score analysis.Methods： A total of 1,025 curatively resected GC patients in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute ＆Hospital were enrolled. Patients were categorized into two groups based on preoperative PDL： the elevated group（EG） and the normal group（NG）. To overcome bias due to the different distribution of covariates for the two groups, a one-to-one match was applied using propensity score analysis, after matching, prognostic factors were analyzed.Results： In analysis for the whole study series, patients in the EG were more likely to have a larger proportion of tumor size ≥5 cm（67.5% vs. 55.8%, P=0.006）, elder mean age（64.0±10.8 years vs. 60.5±11.6 years, P〈0.001） and advanced tumor（T）, node（N）, and TNM stage. Patients with elevated PDL demonstrated a significantly lower 5-year OS than those with normal PDL（27.0% vs. 42.6%, P〈0.001）, however, the PDL was not an independent prognostic factor for OS in multivariate analysis [hazard ratio： 1.13, 95% confidence interval（95% CI）： 0.92–1.39,P=0.236]. After matching, 163 patients in the EG and 163 patients in the NG had the same characteristics. The 5-year OS rate for patients in the EG was 27.0% compared with 25.8% for those in the NG（P=0.809, log-rank）.Conclusions： The poor prognosis of GC patients with elevated preoperative PDL was due to the advanced tumor stage and elder age rather than the elevated D-dimer itself.
文摘Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of the changes of D-dimer levels in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: The plasma levels of D-dimer were measured pre-and postoperatively in 33 patients with esophageal cancer and 30 healthy subjects served as controls by the method of quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The mean preoperative plasma levels of D-dimer in the patients with esophageal cancer (1.98 mg/L±0.34 mg/L) were significantly higher than that of controls (0.33 mg/L±0.12 mg/L) (P<0.01). The D-dimer levels were remarkably elevated on the 1st day after operation (2.41 mg/L±0.55 mg/L) (P<0.01). On the 3rd day the level of D-dimer began to stepwise descend and on the 14th day near to control. The preoperative levels of D-dimer were significantly correlated with the tumor size but had no association with tumor location. A stepwise increase in the mean DD levels was found with the tumor stage. Conclusion: The hypercoagulation and fibrinolysis have occurred in patients with esophageal cancer. The operative trauma could enhance the fibrinolysis in the patients with esophageal cancer. The measurement of the preoperative DD levels is considered to be useful for the preoperative staging of esophageal cancer.
文摘Objective:The principal purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between level of plasma D-dimer and survival time in metastatic gastric cancer patients.Methods:We retrospectively collected the data of plasma D-dimer in metastatic gastric cancer patients admitted in our Department (Department of Oncology,The Affiliated Changzheng Hospital,The Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,China) from October 2006 to October 2008 and analyzed the relationship between level of plasma D-dimer and survival time along with other clinicopathologic parameters.Results:A total of 82 patients were studied in our research,52 were males and 30 females,and the mean age was 57 years.The 48 cases had a normal plasma D-dimer level (<300μg/L) and 34 had a high plasma D-dimer level (≥300μg/L).In the normal and high plasma D-dimer level groups,the mean survival times were 10.9 (95% CI:9.8-12.2) months and 6.8(95% CI:4.4-7.6) months respectively,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:Metastatic gastric cancer patients with high plasma D-dimer level had significantly shorter survival time than those with normal plasma D-dimer level.Level of plasma D-dimer can be referred as a potential predictor in metastatic gastric cancer patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening disease.Early diagnosis is essential,but no single marker of infection has been identified.Sepsis activates a coagulation cascade with simultaneous production of the D-dimers due to lysis of fibrin.Ddimer test reflects the activation of the coagulation system.AIM To assess the D-dimer plasma level,elaborating its clinicopathological value in neonates with early-onset and late-onset neonatal sepsis.METHODS The study was a prospective cross-sectional study that included ninety neonates;divided into three groups:Group I:Early-onset sepsis(EOS);Group II:Late-onset sepsis(LOS);and GroupⅢ:Control group.We diagnosed neonatal sepsis according to our protocol.C-reactive protein(CRP)and D-dimer assays were compared between EOS and LOS and correlated to the causative microbiological agents.RESULTS D-dimer was significantly higher in septic groups with a considerably higher number of cases with positive D-dimer.Neonates with LOS had substantially higher levels of D-dimer than EOS,with no significant differences in CRP.Neonates with LOS had a significantly longer hospitalization duration and higher gram-negative bacteriemia and mortality rates than EOS(P<0.01).Gramnegative bacteria have the highest D-dimer levels(Acinetobacter,Klebsiella,and Pseudomonas)and CRP(Serratia,Klebsiella,and Pseudomonas);while gram-positive sepsis was associated with relatively lower levels.D-dimer had a significant negative correlation with hemoglobin level and platelet count;and a significant positive correlation with CRP,hospitalization duration,and mortality rates.The best-suggested cut-off point for D-dimer in neonatal sepsis was 0.75 mg/L,giving a sensitivity of 72.7%and specificity of 86.7%.The D-dimer assay has specificity and sensitivity comparable to CRP in the current study.CONCLUSION The current study revealed a significant diagnostic value for D-dimer in neonatal sepsis.D-dimer can be used as an adjunct to other sepsis markers to increase the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing neonatal sepsis.
文摘Background: The elevation of plasma D-dimer levels is fully described and associated with the increase of the mortality of patients with HIV. The present study was aimed to estimate and assess the plasma D-dimer levels in HIV patient. Material and Methods: A case control study done in May 2015. A total of 100 subjects were enrolled in this study;50 were patients professionally diagnosed by HIV;25 (50%) were males and 25 (50%) were females;their mean age is 35 years. Further 50 normal healthy individuals as normal control group: their gender and age were matched with patient groups. The platelets poor plasma (PPP) was immediately prepared from citrated blood, then the plasma D-dimer level was measured using (MISPA-i<sub>2</sub> Reagent) Switzerland. Data were analyzed using statistical packing for social sciences program (SPSS) 20. Results: The D-dimer levels was significantly higher in patient with HIV compared with the normal healthy control group (Mean and STD 502.2 ± 287.8 vs 251.8 ± 152.7 P. value 0.01). Conclusion: The D-dimer level was significantly higher in patient with HIV compared with those in normal healthy control group.
文摘Objective: To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 in children with Mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods: A total of 100 children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumonia from the pediatric department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, admitted between November 2023 and June 2024, were selected for the study. According to the severity of the condition, they were divided into two groups: a mild group (50 cases) and a severe group (50 cases). After treatment, they were further divided into an effective group (63 cases) and a non-effective group (37 cases) based on the treatment outcomes, to compare their diagnostic values. Results: The levels of D-dimer, CRP, IL-6, length of hospital stay, fever resolution time, cough resolution time, and the time for lung rales to disappear were higher in the severe group than in the mild group (P < 0.05). The levels of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 in the non-effective group were higher than those in the effective group (P < 0.05). In this study, using pathological results as the “gold standard,” it was found that the positive detection rate for the combined detection of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 was higher than the detection rate for each of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 alone, suggesting that the combined diagnosis had a higher positive detection rate (P < 0.05). Compared with D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6, the combined sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were all higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion: D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 are closely related to Mycoplasma pneumonia in children and can serve as auxiliary diagnostic tools for Mycoplasma pneumonia in children, offering significant value.
文摘Objective:To analyze the value of D-dimer(D-D),interleukin-6(IL-6),and IL-18 in the differential diagnosis of children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(RMPP).Methods:The medical records of 92 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)treated in the hospital were selected for retrospective analysis from January 2023 to January 2024.After comprehensive examinations such as computed tomography examination of the chest,48 children with general Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(GMPP)were put in the GMPP group and 44 children with RMPP were grouped in the RMPP group.The IL-6,IL-18,and D-D levels were compared between the two groups,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to analyze their value for differential diagnosis of RMPP.Results:The levels of IL-6,IL-18,and D-D in the RMPP group were higher than those in the GMPP group(P<0.05);the ROC curves showed that the specificity of the differential diagnosis of IL-6,IL-18,and D-D was higher,and their diagnostic value was significant.Conclusion:Determination of IL-6,IL-18,and D-D levels in children with MPP can further diagnose the children’s condition,which can help physicians formulate targeted treatment plans,and is of great significance to the improvement of the children’s condition,which is worthy of attention.
基金the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(NSFC,Grant No.42174181)and the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(Grant No.QYZDJ-SSW-DQC010).
文摘The formation of an embedded electron current sheet within the magnetotail plasma sheet has been poorly understood.In this article,we present an electron current layer detected at the edge of the magnetotail plasma sheet.The ions were demagnetized inside the electron current layer,but the electrons were still frozen in with the magnetic field line.Thus,this decoupling of ions and electrons gave rise to a strong Hall electric field,which could be the reason for the formation of the embedded thin current layer.The magnetized electrons,the absence of the nongyrotropic electron distribution,and negligible energy dissipation in the layer indicate that magnetic reconnection had not been triggered within the embedded thin current layer.The highly asymmetric plasma on the two sides of the current layer and low magnetic shear across it could suppress magnetic reconnection.The observations indicate that the embedded electric current layer,probably generated by the Hall electric field,even down to electron scale,is not a sufficient condition for magnetic reconnection.
基金JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number16H06286 supports global GNSS ionospheric maps (TEC,ROTI,and detrended TEC maps) developed by the Institute for SpaceEarth Environmental Research (ISEE) of Nagoya Universitysupport of the 2024 JASSO Follow-up Research Fellowship Program for a 90-day visiting research at the Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE),Nagoya University+3 种基金the support received from Telkom University under the“Skema Penelitian Terapan Periode I Tahun Anggaran 2024”the Memorandum of Understanding for Research Collaboration on Regional Ionospheric Observation (No:092/SAM3/TE-DEK/2021)the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) International Exchange Program 2024-2025(No.2024-007)support for a one-year visiting research at Hokkaido University
文摘This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signals and degrade positioning accuracy.Managed by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GNSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude regions.Ina-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast Asia.We provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)change index(ROTI)derived from this network.We generate ROTI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific research.Two preliminary findings from the ROTI maps of Ina-CORS are noteworthy.First,the Ina-CORS ROTI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther eastward.Second,we demonstrate that combined ROTI maps from Ina-CORS and GNSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East Asia.We have demonstrated the combined ROTI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,2024.We observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities post-midnight.By sharing ROTI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GNSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionospheric research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) through Grant Number 42074193
文摘Theoretical analysis has demonstrated that the dispersion relation of chorus waves plays an essential role in the resonant interaction and energy transformation between the waves and magnetospheric electrons.Previous quantitative analyses often simplified the chorus dispersion relation by using the cold plasma assumption.However,the applicability of the cold plasma assumption is doubtful,especially during geomagnetic disturbances.We here present a systematic statistical analysis on the validity of the cold plasma dispersion relation of chorus waves based on observations from the Van Allen Probes over the period from 2012 to 2018.The statistical results show that the observed magnetic field intensities deviate substantially from those calculated from the cold plasma dispersion relation and that they become more pronounced with an increase in geomagnetic activity or a decrease in background plasma density.The region with large deviations is mainly concentrated in the nightside and expands in both the radial and azimuthal directions as the geomagnetic activity increases or the background plasma density decreases.In addition,the bounce-averaged electron scattering rates are computed by using the observed and cold plasma dispersion relation of chorus waves.Compared with usage of the cold plasma dispersion relation,usage of the observed dispersion relation considerably lowers the minimum resonant energy of electrons and lowers the scattering rates of electrons above tens of kiloelectronvolts but enhances those below.Furthermore,these differences are more pronounced with the enhancement of geomagnetic activity or the decrease in background plasma density.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is strongly associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events,including severe outcomes such as pulmonary embolism.Elevated D-dimer levels are a critical biomarker for assessing this risk.In Gabon,early implementation of anticoagulation therapy and D-dimer testing has been crucial in managing COVID-19.This study hypothesizes that elevated Ddimer levels are linked to increased COVID-19 severity.AIM To determine the impact of D-dimer levels on COVID-19 severity and their role in guiding clinical decisions.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed COVID-19 patients admitted to two hospitals in Gabon between March 2020 and December 2023.The study included patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnoses and available D-dimer measurements at admission.Data on demographics,clinical outcomes,D-dimer levels,and healthcare costs were collected.COVID-19 severity was classified as non-severe(outpatients)or severe(inpatients).A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between D-dimer levels and disease severity,with adjusted odds ratios(OR)and 95%CI.RESULTS A total of 3004 patients were included,with a mean age of 50.17 years,and the majority were female(53.43%).Elevated D-dimer levels were found in 65.81%of patients,and 57.21%of these experienced severe COVID-19.Univariate analysis showed that patients with elevated D-dimer levels had 3.33 times higher odds of severe COVID-19(OR=3.33,95%CI:2.84-3.92,P<0.001),and this association remained significant in the multivariable analysis,adjusted for age,sex,and year of collection.The financial analysis revealed a substantial burden,particularly for uninsured patients.CONCLUSION D-dimer predicts COVID-19 severity and guides treatment,but the high cost of anticoagulant therapy highlights the need for policies ensuring affordable access in resource-limited settings like Gabon.
文摘BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)often leads to vascular complications,such as albuminuria.The role of insulin autoantibodies(IAA)and their interaction with D-dimer in this context remains unclear.AIM To investigate the characteristics of IAA and its effect on albuminuria in T2DM patients.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 115 T2DM patients with positive IAA induced by exogenous insulin,and 115 age-and sex-matched IAA-negative T2DM patients as controls.Propensity scores were calculated using multivariate logistic regression.Key variables were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)algorithm.We constructed a prediction model and analyzed the association between IAA and albuminuria based on demographic and laboratory parameters.RESULTS The IAA-positive group had significantly higher D-dimer levels[0.30(0.19-0.55)mg/L vs 0.21(0.19-0.33)mg/L,P=0.008]and plasma insulin levels[39.1(12.0-102.7)μU/mL vs 9.8(5.5-17.6)μU/mL,P<0.001]compared to the IAA-negative group.Increases in the insulin dose per weight ratio,diabetes duration,and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR)were observed but did not reach statistical significance.The LASSO model identified plasma insulin and D-dimer as key factors with larger coefficients.D-dimer was significantly associated with UACR in the total and IAA-positive groups but not in the IAA-negative group.The odds ratio for D-dimer elevation(>0.5 g/L)was 2.88(95%confidence interval:1.17-7.07)in the IAA-positive group(P interaction<0.05).CONCLUSION D-dimer elevation is an independent risk factor for abnormal albuminuria and interacts with IAA in the development of abnormal albuminuria in T2DM patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China,Nos.2021YFC2501205(to YC),2022YFC24069004(to JL)the STI2030-Major Project,Nos.2021ZD0201101(to YC),2022ZD0211800(to YH)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Major International Joint Research Project),No.82020108013(to YH)the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion,No.M-0759(to YH)a grant from Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(Beijing Brain Initiative),No.Z201100005520018(to JL)。
文摘Several promising plasma biomarker proteins,such as amyloid-β(Aβ),tau,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein,are widely used for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,little is known about the long-term stability of these biomarker proteins in plasma samples stored at-80°C.We aimed to explore how storage time would affect the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers using a large cohort.Plasma samples from 229 cognitively unimpaired individuals,encompassing healthy controls and those experiencing subjective cognitive decline,as well as 99 patients with cognitive impairment,comprising those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia,were acquired from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline project.These samples were stored at-80°C for up to 6 years before being used in this study.Our results showed that plasma levels of Aβ42,Aβ40,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein were not significantly correlated with sample storage time.However,the level of total tau showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.Notably,in individuals without cognitive impairment,plasma levels of total protein and tau phosphorylated protein threonine 181(p-tau181)also showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.This was not observed in individuals with cognitive impairment.Consequently,we speculate that the diagnostic accuracy of plasma p-tau181 and the p-tau181 to total tau ratio may be influenced by sample storage time.Therefore,caution is advised when using these plasma biomarkers for the identification of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease.Furthermore,in cohort studies,it is important to consider the impact of storage time on the overall results.
文摘With the continuous advancement of cancer treatment methods, plasma combined with drug therapy has garnered widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy. This paper elaborates on the generation and characteristics of plasma, as well as its mechanisms of action on cancer cells when used alone, including the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and damage to cancer cell membranes, and organelles. It emphasizes the synergistic mechanisms observed when plasma is combined with various anticancer drugs (e.g., chemotherapeutic agents, targeted drugs, and immunotherapies). The analysis focuses on enhancing drug uptake, promoting the activation of drug action targets, and improving the tumor microenvironment. These insights provide a theoretical basis for optimizing plasma-drug combination therapy for cancer.
文摘This paper systematically elucidates the application of plasma technology in cancer treatment,including its principles,case studies,comparative advantages over traditional methods,challenges,and countermeasures.Plasma technology targets and eliminates cancer cells with precision through physical,chemical,and immune-regulatory mechanisms,offering high accuracy and low side effects.International applications include plasma scalpels in the United States,combined chemotherapy and low-temperature plasma therapy in Russia,and plasma-targeted capture technology in China.However,plasma technology faces technical hurdles and clinical application barriers,requiring interdisciplinary collaboration and industry-academia-research cooperation to advance its development.
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources,Ministry of Natural and Resources,Guangzhou(No.KLMMR-20220K02)the Marine Geological Survey Program of China Geological Survey(No.DD20191003)。
文摘Plasma spark sources are widely used in high-resolution seismic exploration.However,research on the excitation mechanism and propagation characteristics of plasma spark sources is very limited.In this study,we elaborated on the excitation process of corona discharge plasma spark source based on indoor experimental data.The electrode spacing has a direct impact on the movement of bubbles.As the spacing between bubbles decreases,they collapsed and fused,thereby suppressing the secondary pulse process.Based on the premise of linear arrangement and equal energy synchronous excitation,the motion equation of multiple bubbles under these conditions was derived,and a calculation method for the near-field wavelet model of plasma spark source was established.We simulated the source signals received in different directions and constructed a spatial wavelet face spectrum.Compared with traditional far-field wavelets,the spatial wavelet facial feature representation method provides a more comprehensive display of the variation characteristics and propagation properties of source wavelets in three-dimensional space.The spatial wavelet variation process of the plasma spark source was analyzed,and the source depth and the virtual reflection path are the main factors affecting the wavelet.The high-frequency properties of plasma electric spark source wavelets lead to their sensitivity to factors such as wave fluctuations,position changes,and environmental noise.Minor changes in collection parameters may result in significant changes in the recorded waveform and final data resolution.So,the facial feature method provides more effective technical support for wavelet evaluation.
基金Guangzhou (China) government postdoctoral program for providing financial support to conduct this worksupport from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 72140008)funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program under grant agreement No. 101022484。
文摘Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO_(2)due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO_(2)adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work demonstrates a one-step rapid and sustainable N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment process to prepare graphene-based sorbent material with enhanced CO_(2)adsorption performance.Plasma treatment directly enriches amine species,increases surface area,and improves textural properties.The CO_(2)adsorption capacity increases from 1.6 to 3.3 mmol/g for capturing flue gas,and from 0.14 to 1.3 mmol/g for direct air capture (DAC).Importantly,the electrothermal property of the plasma-modified aerogels has been significantly improved,resulting in faster heating rates and significantly reducing energy consumption compared to conventional external heating for regeneration of sorbents.Modified aerogels display improved selectivity of 42 and 87 after plasma modification for 5 and 10 min,respectively.The plasma-treated aerogels display minimal loss between 17%and 19% in capacity after 40 adsorption/desorption cycles,rendering excellent stability.The N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment of adsorbent materials would lower energy expenses and prevent negative effects on the global economy caused by climate change.
文摘Platelet rich plasma(PRP)is an autologous blood product rich in platelets,showing promise in reducing inflammation and accelerating healing.While extensively utilized in plastic surgery,dermatology,and osteoarthritis treatment,its application in anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injuries is limited.This article examines PRP's potential in ACL reconstruction(ACLR),exploring its history,current usage,controversies and future directions.PRP has demonstrated significant early benefits in ligamentisation and vascularisation post-ACLR,though its long-term efficacy is inconsistent.Studies suggest that PRP may serve as both an adjunct therapy in ACLR to enhance initial healing and reduce postoperative complications,and as a non-surgical alternative for small ACL tears.Despite these promising findings,outcome variability necessitates further high-quality research to optimize PRP formulations and determine its most effective applications.The exploration of PRP as a treatment modality in ACLR offers promising but varied outcomes.PRP holds considerable promise as both an adjunct and alternative to traditional ACLR.This article underscores the need for targeted research to fully realize PRP's therapeutic potential in ACL treatment,aiming to inform future studies and clinical practices.By understanding PRP's mechanisms of efficacy and identifying the most beneficial patient populations,PRP could significantly impact orthopaedics and sports medicine,improving recovery pathways and patient outcomes.
基金subsidized by the research project item of the Department of Educationin Hubei Province:No.D200516006
文摘Objective To investigate the mechanisms of electroacupuncture （EA） at ＂Baihui＂ （百会 GV 20） and ＂Shuigou＂ （水沟 GV 26） for treating cerebral infarction. Methods Forty healthy SD rats were randomly divided into model group （n = 10）, EA group （n = 10）, normal group （n = 10）, and sham operation group （n = 10）. The model of acute cerebral infarction was established by blocking the middle cerebral artery with an intraluminal thread. EA was applied at ＂Baihui＂ （百会 GV 20） and ＂Shuigou＂ （水沟GV 26） in the rats of EA group after the models were developed. The contents of D-dimer （D-D） and fibrinogen （Fib） were measured in each group. Results The contents of D-D and Fib increased signifi- cantly in model group as compared with normal and sham operation groups, respectively （P〈0.01）, and they decreased significantly in EA group as compared with model group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion EA can ob-viously decrease the contents of D-D and Fib, improve abnormal fibrinolysis, lower blood viscosity and ameliorate cerebral blood circulation in the rats with acute cerebral infarction.
