CO_(2)驱油是CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)技术中CO_(2)地质利用环节的重要组成部分,延长油田开展CO_(2)驱油与封存项目取得了良好的增油封碳效果,但实际CO_(2)驱注入环境下的管柱腐蚀失效原...CO_(2)驱油是CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)技术中CO_(2)地质利用环节的重要组成部分,延长油田开展CO_(2)驱油与封存项目取得了良好的增油封碳效果,但实际CO_(2)驱注入环境下的管柱腐蚀失效原因尚不明晰。利用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)、3D共聚焦显微镜、能谱分析(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,XRD)等实验手段对取自吴起某CO_(2)驱油与封存示范区注气管柱的腐蚀形貌进行表征,并对管柱腐蚀产物进行分析,以期明确研究区CO_(2)驱注气管柱腐蚀失效原因。结果表明:以CO_(2)腐蚀为主导的局部腐蚀造成注气管柱的腐蚀失效,腐蚀产物包括FeCO_(3)、Fe的高价氧化物及少量FeS。分析认为,低温CO_(2)的连续注入不会引起管柱腐蚀,但CO_(2)停注期间井筒温度回升、地层水上返使得注气管柱具备了发生CO_(2)/H_(2)S腐蚀的条件,且注气井转注水进一步加剧了管柱腐蚀。建议在CO_(2)停注以及转注水期间加强对注气管柱的杀菌与防腐措施。展开更多
During CO_(2)transportation and storage,metal equipment such as oilfield pipelines suffers from severe CO_(2)corrosion,especially in harsh downhole injection equipment.In this study,we investigated the corrosion behav...During CO_(2)transportation and storage,metal equipment such as oilfield pipelines suffers from severe CO_(2)corrosion,especially in harsh downhole injection equipment.In this study,we investigated the corrosion behavior of oil well tubing in a high-temperature,high-pressure(HTHP)CO_(2)-containing environment.The evolution of the corrosion scale was also examined under different flow regimes.The results reveal a lower corrosion rate at 150℃compared to 80℃under different flow regimes,with localized corrosion intensifying as temperature and rotational speeds(vrs)increase.The temperature also induces the corrosion scale conversion of aragonite-type CaCO_(3)(80℃)to calcite-type CaCO_(3)(150℃).Specifically,the variation of the corrosion rate and the corrosion scale evolution can be attributed to the vortices within the reactor.The intact vortex cells enhance mass transfer while also promoting nucleation and growth of CaCO3.However,when vrsexceeds the critical Reynolds number,the vortex cells are disrupted,resulting in viscous dissipation and a reduced corrosion rate.展开更多
Electronic-state modulation strategy offers great potential in designing RuO_(2)-based bifunctionalelectrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Various three-dimensional(3D)transition metal oxides are atte...Electronic-state modulation strategy offers great potential in designing RuO_(2)-based bifunctionalelectrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Various three-dimensional(3D)transition metal oxides are attempted to couple with RuO_(2)for constructing an appropriate Ru—O—M interface.This work aims to construct Co_(3)O_(4)-RuO_(2)heterostructures on carbon sheets(Co_(3)O_(4)/RuO_(2)/NCNS)for boosting electronic transfer and regulation.Experiments and theoretical calculations identify the electronic transfer from Co_(3)O_(4)to RuO_(2)that modulates the electronic structure of metal surfaces/interfaces.Specifically,it leads to the increase in Co3+content,electron-rich state at RuO_(2)surface and electronic accumulation at interfaces.Moreover,this electronic-state modulation optimizes the d-band center in Co_(3)O_(4)/RuO_(2)that lowers the reaction barriers and endows interfaces as the biggest contributor to oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance,The Co_(3)O_(4)/RuO_(2)/NCNS shows a quite low potential difference of 0.62 V and remarkable durability for ORR/OER.Co_(3)O_(4)/RuO_(2)/NCNS-assembled ZABs exhibit an excellent specific capacity of 818.3 mA h g^(-1)and a superior lifespan over 750 h.展开更多
文摘CO_(2)驱油是CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)技术中CO_(2)地质利用环节的重要组成部分,延长油田开展CO_(2)驱油与封存项目取得了良好的增油封碳效果,但实际CO_(2)驱注入环境下的管柱腐蚀失效原因尚不明晰。利用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)、3D共聚焦显微镜、能谱分析(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,XRD)等实验手段对取自吴起某CO_(2)驱油与封存示范区注气管柱的腐蚀形貌进行表征,并对管柱腐蚀产物进行分析,以期明确研究区CO_(2)驱注气管柱腐蚀失效原因。结果表明:以CO_(2)腐蚀为主导的局部腐蚀造成注气管柱的腐蚀失效,腐蚀产物包括FeCO_(3)、Fe的高价氧化物及少量FeS。分析认为,低温CO_(2)的连续注入不会引起管柱腐蚀,但CO_(2)停注期间井筒温度回升、地层水上返使得注气管柱具备了发生CO_(2)/H_(2)S腐蚀的条件,且注气井转注水进一步加剧了管柱腐蚀。建议在CO_(2)停注以及转注水期间加强对注气管柱的杀菌与防腐措施。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation in China(52434002,42176209,52074339)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021ME007)+1 种基金the Opening Fund of Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistrythe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(19CX05006A)。
文摘During CO_(2)transportation and storage,metal equipment such as oilfield pipelines suffers from severe CO_(2)corrosion,especially in harsh downhole injection equipment.In this study,we investigated the corrosion behavior of oil well tubing in a high-temperature,high-pressure(HTHP)CO_(2)-containing environment.The evolution of the corrosion scale was also examined under different flow regimes.The results reveal a lower corrosion rate at 150℃compared to 80℃under different flow regimes,with localized corrosion intensifying as temperature and rotational speeds(vrs)increase.The temperature also induces the corrosion scale conversion of aragonite-type CaCO_(3)(80℃)to calcite-type CaCO_(3)(150℃).Specifically,the variation of the corrosion rate and the corrosion scale evolution can be attributed to the vortices within the reactor.The intact vortex cells enhance mass transfer while also promoting nucleation and growth of CaCO3.However,when vrsexceeds the critical Reynolds number,the vortex cells are disrupted,resulting in viscous dissipation and a reduced corrosion rate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52273264)the Outstanding Youth Fund of Heilongjiang Province(JQ 2020B002).
文摘Electronic-state modulation strategy offers great potential in designing RuO_(2)-based bifunctionalelectrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Various three-dimensional(3D)transition metal oxides are attempted to couple with RuO_(2)for constructing an appropriate Ru—O—M interface.This work aims to construct Co_(3)O_(4)-RuO_(2)heterostructures on carbon sheets(Co_(3)O_(4)/RuO_(2)/NCNS)for boosting electronic transfer and regulation.Experiments and theoretical calculations identify the electronic transfer from Co_(3)O_(4)to RuO_(2)that modulates the electronic structure of metal surfaces/interfaces.Specifically,it leads to the increase in Co3+content,electron-rich state at RuO_(2)surface and electronic accumulation at interfaces.Moreover,this electronic-state modulation optimizes the d-band center in Co_(3)O_(4)/RuO_(2)that lowers the reaction barriers and endows interfaces as the biggest contributor to oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance,The Co_(3)O_(4)/RuO_(2)/NCNS shows a quite low potential difference of 0.62 V and remarkable durability for ORR/OER.Co_(3)O_(4)/RuO_(2)/NCNS-assembled ZABs exhibit an excellent specific capacity of 818.3 mA h g^(-1)and a superior lifespan over 750 h.
