Restoring soil quality is the main evaluation norm of the reclamation. In order to reveal the effects of mushroom waste on the quality improvement of reclaimed soil in coal mining areas, the physical, chemical and mic...Restoring soil quality is the main evaluation norm of the reclamation. In order to reveal the effects of mushroom waste on the quality improvement of reclaimed soil in coal mining areas, the physical, chemical and microbial characteristics of soil are studied. The results show clear improvement in the soil after using mushroom waste. Because of human cultivation and fertilization, cultivated soil after reclamation exhibits high comprehensive quality and the index of quality of surface soil reaches 0.64 and 0.73. The average index of surface soil quality is as high as 0.52 and 0.54. In comparison, the quality of reclaimed soil of forest land is low, with average index of 0.40. The effects of mushroom waste are mainly on the surface soil in the first 2 years after the application. After that period, with the decomposition of mushroom waste, soil quality index tends to be the same as the original soil. The quality of surface soil is higher than that of subsoil, especially after the application of mushroom waste, at which point the soil quality reaches a peak at about 15 cm. Cultivated soil after reclamation has great variance in quality, after the coefficient of 24.74%. Mushroom waste can reduce such variation, particularly with long-term use. The variance efficient falls to 3.59% after 3-year application.展开更多
Every year mushroom wastes are produced in big volumes from edible mushroom production industries. Vermicomposting technology using earthworms as versatile natural bioreactors for effective recycling of organic wastes...Every year mushroom wastes are produced in big volumes from edible mushroom production industries. Vermicomposting technology using earthworms as versatile natural bioreactors for effective recycling of organic wastes to the soil is an environmentally acceptable means of converting waste into nutritious composts for crop production. This study was undertaken to use earthworms （eisenia foetida） in vermicomposting on edible mushrooms wastes. The Randomized block design with three treatments in Kimia, Sabalan and Artashahr mushroom production industries were selected and four replications were applied for treatments. The total biomass of earthworms was estimated by counting the number of adults, juveniles and cocoons from each replication. The number of adult and mature worms, egg capsules and wet weight of earthworms were recorded in one month intervals （totally in five months）. Vermicomposting was carried out by these worms in four months in spite of delay in their establishment in mushroom wastes. The worms wet weight, their number and the number of capsules were increased up to fourth month and then decreased. The produced vermicompost had suitable properties for amending soil.展开更多
In order to rapidly increase the degree of maturation of the soil in land reclamation of the refuse dump of the Haizhou open-pit mines, the application of waste mushroomin the process of soil improvement in the dump w...In order to rapidly increase the degree of maturation of the soil in land reclamation of the refuse dump of the Haizhou open-pit mines, the application of waste mushroomin the process of soil improvement in the dump was studied. Through the research onplant growth, root development and microbial changes in soil and change of physical andchemical characteristics of the plot, the result shows that waste mushroom can increasethe degree of maturation of the soil and improve soil fertility.展开更多
Agaricus bisporus mushrooms contain high levels of ergosterol(3–8 mg/g dw),which can be converted into vitamin D_(2)(VD2)under ultraviolet irradiation(UV).However,the photoconversion of ergosterol can also lead to th...Agaricus bisporus mushrooms contain high levels of ergosterol(3–8 mg/g dw),which can be converted into vitamin D_(2)(VD2)under ultraviolet irradiation(UV).However,the photoconversion of ergosterol can also lead to the production of inactive photoisomers decreasing the production yield of VD2.This study assesses the impact of UV irradiation conditions on the conversion of ergosterol into vitamin D2.The effects of various parameters were tested including the mushroom form(powder,extract,suspension),irradiation time(0–240 min),temperature(20–40℃),intensity(0.16–0.48 mW/cm^(2)),and agitation during UV-C irradiation.The mushroom extract was the most suitable mushroom form for VD_(2) production.Beyond VD_(2),other photoisomers(tachysterol and lumisterol),were detected through HPLC-APCI-MS and their levels increased with deep and prolonged irradiation.The highest VD_(2) levels(0.95–1.03 mg/g dw)were obtained by irradiating mushroom extracts with an intensity of 0.31 mW/cm^(2) for 10 min.These results highlight the potential of mushrooms for VD_(2) production through UV-C irradiation,which is accompanied by the formation of biologically-active photo-isomers.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （41171425）
文摘Restoring soil quality is the main evaluation norm of the reclamation. In order to reveal the effects of mushroom waste on the quality improvement of reclaimed soil in coal mining areas, the physical, chemical and microbial characteristics of soil are studied. The results show clear improvement in the soil after using mushroom waste. Because of human cultivation and fertilization, cultivated soil after reclamation exhibits high comprehensive quality and the index of quality of surface soil reaches 0.64 and 0.73. The average index of surface soil quality is as high as 0.52 and 0.54. In comparison, the quality of reclaimed soil of forest land is low, with average index of 0.40. The effects of mushroom waste are mainly on the surface soil in the first 2 years after the application. After that period, with the decomposition of mushroom waste, soil quality index tends to be the same as the original soil. The quality of surface soil is higher than that of subsoil, especially after the application of mushroom waste, at which point the soil quality reaches a peak at about 15 cm. Cultivated soil after reclamation has great variance in quality, after the coefficient of 24.74%. Mushroom waste can reduce such variation, particularly with long-term use. The variance efficient falls to 3.59% after 3-year application.
文摘Every year mushroom wastes are produced in big volumes from edible mushroom production industries. Vermicomposting technology using earthworms as versatile natural bioreactors for effective recycling of organic wastes to the soil is an environmentally acceptable means of converting waste into nutritious composts for crop production. This study was undertaken to use earthworms （eisenia foetida） in vermicomposting on edible mushrooms wastes. The Randomized block design with three treatments in Kimia, Sabalan and Artashahr mushroom production industries were selected and four replications were applied for treatments. The total biomass of earthworms was estimated by counting the number of adults, juveniles and cocoons from each replication. The number of adult and mature worms, egg capsules and wet weight of earthworms were recorded in one month intervals （totally in five months）. Vermicomposting was carried out by these worms in four months in spite of delay in their establishment in mushroom wastes. The worms wet weight, their number and the number of capsules were increased up to fourth month and then decreased. The produced vermicompost had suitable properties for amending soil.
基金Supported by the School Young Foundation of Liaoning Technical University(07A117)
文摘In order to rapidly increase the degree of maturation of the soil in land reclamation of the refuse dump of the Haizhou open-pit mines, the application of waste mushroomin the process of soil improvement in the dump was studied. Through the research onplant growth, root development and microbial changes in soil and change of physical andchemical characteristics of the plot, the result shows that waste mushroom can increasethe degree of maturation of the soil and improve soil fertility.
基金grateful to the Marche Region(Italy)for the financial support for this research project(Project:FPI400060 Assegno COVID19 RM)to Lavermicocca Funghi Spa(Macerata,Italy)for providing mushrooms.
文摘Agaricus bisporus mushrooms contain high levels of ergosterol(3–8 mg/g dw),which can be converted into vitamin D_(2)(VD2)under ultraviolet irradiation(UV).However,the photoconversion of ergosterol can also lead to the production of inactive photoisomers decreasing the production yield of VD2.This study assesses the impact of UV irradiation conditions on the conversion of ergosterol into vitamin D2.The effects of various parameters were tested including the mushroom form(powder,extract,suspension),irradiation time(0–240 min),temperature(20–40℃),intensity(0.16–0.48 mW/cm^(2)),and agitation during UV-C irradiation.The mushroom extract was the most suitable mushroom form for VD_(2) production.Beyond VD_(2),other photoisomers(tachysterol and lumisterol),were detected through HPLC-APCI-MS and their levels increased with deep and prolonged irradiation.The highest VD_(2) levels(0.95–1.03 mg/g dw)were obtained by irradiating mushroom extracts with an intensity of 0.31 mW/cm^(2) for 10 min.These results highlight the potential of mushrooms for VD_(2) production through UV-C irradiation,which is accompanied by the formation of biologically-active photo-isomers.
