BACKGROUND Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide,with existing treatments often failing to effectively restore damaged myocardium.Humaninduced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)and their derivatives...BACKGROUND Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide,with existing treatments often failing to effectively restore damaged myocardium.Humaninduced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)and their derivatives offer promising therapeutic options;however,challenges such as low retention,engraftment issues,and tumorigenic risks hinder their clinical utility.Recent focus has shifted to exosomes(exos)-nanoscale vesicles that facilitate intercellular communication-as a safer and more versatile alternative.Understanding the specific mechanisms and comparative efficacy of exos from hiPSCs vs hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes(hiPSC-CMs)is crucial for advancing cardiac repair therapies.AIM To evaluate and compare the therapeutic efficacy of exos secreted by hiPSCs and hiPSC-CMs in cardiac repair,and to elucidate the role of microRNA 21-5p(miR-21-5p)in the observed effects.METHODS We differentiated hiPSCs into CMs using small molecule methods and characterized the cells and their exos.RESULTS Our findings indicate that hiPSC-CMs and their exos enhanced cardiac function,reduced infarct size,and decreased myocardial fibrosis in a murine myocardial infarction model.Notably,hiPSC-CM exos outperformed hiPSC-CM cell therapy,showing improved ejection fraction and reduced apoptosis.We identified miR-21-5p,a microRNA in hiPSC-CM exos,as crucial for CM survival.Exos with miR-21-5p were absorbed by AC16 cells,suggesting a mechanism for their cytoprotective effects.CONCLUSION Overall,hiPSC-CM exos could serve as a potent therapeutic agent for myocardial repair,laying the groundwork for future research into exos as a treatment for ischemic heart disease.展开更多
目的观察敲降长链非编码RNA-肺腺癌转移相关转录因子1(lncRNA-MALAT1)调控微小RNA-194-5p(miR-194-5p)/叉头框蛋白A1(FOXA1)通路对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的人肺泡上皮细胞(HPAEpiC)凋亡的影响.方法采用1 mg/L LPS处理HPAEpiC复制脓毒症急性肺...目的观察敲降长链非编码RNA-肺腺癌转移相关转录因子1(lncRNA-MALAT1)调控微小RNA-194-5p(miR-194-5p)/叉头框蛋白A1(FOXA1)通路对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的人肺泡上皮细胞(HPAEpiC)凋亡的影响.方法采用1 mg/L LPS处理HPAEpiC复制脓毒症急性肺损伤(ALI)体外模型.采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测HPAEpiC细胞中MALAT1、miR-194-5p的表达水平,构建MALAT1敲降载体、miR-194-5p抑制剂及FOXA1抑制剂转染HPAEpiC,将细胞分为空白对照组、LPS模型组、LPS+生理盐水组、LPS+MALAT1抑制剂组、LPS+MALAT1抑制剂+生理盐水组、LPS+MALAT1抑制剂+miR-194-5p抑制剂组和LPS+FOXA1抑制剂组.采用CCK-8细胞增殖及毒性检测试剂盒、流式细胞术、蛋白质免疫印迹试验(Western Blot)检测MALAT1或其敲降后对LPS诱导的HPAEpiC增殖及凋亡和FOXA1表达的影响;采用双荧光素酶报告基因检测lncRNA-MALAT1、miR-194-5p及FOXA1的靶向调控关系.结果与空白对照组比较,LPS可上调HPAEpiC-MALAT1的表达,促进HPAEpiC凋亡并抑制其增殖〔MALAT1(2^(-ΔΔCt)):0.83±0.09比0.15±0.02,HPAEpiC凋亡率:(21.31±2.31)%比(5.41±0.42)%,24 h HPAEpiC增殖活性(A值):0.42±0.03比0.54±0.02,均P<0.05〕;与LPS+生理盐水组比较,敲降MALAT1可抑制LPS诱导的HPAEpiC凋亡并促进其增殖〔细胞凋亡率:(6.40±0.40)%比(21.38±2.31)%,24 h HPAEpiC增殖活性(A值):0.53±0.03比0.40±0.02,均P<0.05〕,降低MALAT1的表达(2-ΔΔCt:0.20±0.03比1.02±0.09,P<0.05).双荧光素酶报告基因及Western Blot证实,敲降MALAT1通过靶向上调miR-194-5p从而抑制FOXA1在LPS诱导的HPAEpiC中的表达〔miR-194-5p(2^(-ΔΔCt)):5.27±0.15比1.21±0.09,FOXA1蛋白表达(灰度值):0.36±0.05比1.00±0.07,均P<0.05〕,miR-194-5p抑制剂能逆转MALAT1敲降在LPS诱导的HPAEpiC中对FOXA1的作用〔FOXA1蛋白表达(灰度值):2.76±0.20比1.00±0.07,P<0.05〕,抑制FOXA1表达能减轻LPS诱导的HPAEpiC凋亡并促进其增殖〔FOXA1蛋白表达(灰度值):0.28±0.03比1.00±0.03,HPAEpiC凋亡率:(6.78±0.38)%比(19.21±0.70)%,24 h HPAEpiC增殖活性(A值):0.59±0.20比0.41±0.02,均P<0.05〕.结论敲降MALAT1通过靶向上调miR-194-5p抑制FOXA1的表达,进而抑制LPS诱导的HPAEpiC凋亡,为脓毒症ALI的诊断和治疗提供了潜在的分子靶点.展开更多
BACKGROUND Anti-programmed death therapy has thrust immunotherapy into the spotlight.However,such therapy has a modest response in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Epigenetic immunomodulation is a suggestive combinatoria...BACKGROUND Anti-programmed death therapy has thrust immunotherapy into the spotlight.However,such therapy has a modest response in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Epigenetic immunomodulation is a suggestive combinatorial therapy with immune checkpoint blockade.Non-coding ribonucleic acid(ncRNA)driven regulation is a major mechanism of epigenetic modulation.Given the wide range of ncRNAs that co-opt in programmed cell-death protein 1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)regulation,and based on the literature,we hypothesized that miR-155-5p,miR-194-5p and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)X-inactive specific transcript(XIST)and MALAT-1 are involved in a regulatory upstream pathway for PD-1/PD-L1.Recently,nutraceutical therapeutics in cancers have received increasing attention.Thus,it is interesting to study the impact of oleuropein on the respective study key players.AIM To explore potential upstream regulatory ncRNAs for the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1.METHODS Bioinformatics tools including microrna.org and lnCeDB software were adopted to detect targeting of miR-155-5p,miR-194-5p and lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1 to PD-L1 mRNA,respectively.In addition,Diana tool was used to predict targeting of both aforementioned miRNAs to lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1.HCC and normal tissue samples were collected for scanning of PD-L1,XIST and MALAT-1 expression.To study the interaction among miR-155-5p,miR-194-5p,lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1,as well as PD-L1 mRNA,a series of transfections of the Huh-7 cell line was carried out.RESULTS Bioinformatics software predicted that miR-155-5p and miR-194-5p can target PDL1,MALAT-1 and XIST.MALAT-1 and XIST were predicted to target PD-L1 mRNA.PD-L1 and XIST were significantly upregulated in 23 HCC biopsies compared to healthy controls;however,MALAT-1 was barely detected.MiR-194 induced expression elevated the expression of PD-L1,XIST and MALAT-1.However,overexpression of miR-155-5p induced the upregulation of PD-L1 and XIST,while it had a negative impact on MALAT-1 expression.Knockdown of XIST did have an impact on PD-L1 expression;however,following knockdown of the negative regulator of X-inactive specific transcript(TSIX),PD-L1 expression was elevated,and abolished MALAT-1 activity.Upon co-transfection of miR-194-5p with siMALAT-1,PD-L1 expression was elevated.Co-transfection of miR-194-5p with siXIST did not have an impact on PD-L1 expression.Upon co-transfection of miR-194 with siTSIX,PD-L1 expression was upregulated.Interestingly,the same PD-L1 expression pattern was observed following miR-155-5p cotransfections.Oleuropein treatment of Huh-7 cells reduced the expression profile of PD-L1,XIST,and miR-155-5p,upregulated the expression of miR-194-5p and had no significant impact on the MALAT-1 expression profile.CONCLUSION This study reported a novel finding revealing that opposing acting miRNAs in HCC,have the same impact on PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint by sharing a common signaling pathway.展开更多
基金Supported by the Nonprofit Research Institutes Foundation of Fujian Province,China,No.2021R1012005 and No.2021R1012003.
文摘BACKGROUND Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide,with existing treatments often failing to effectively restore damaged myocardium.Humaninduced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)and their derivatives offer promising therapeutic options;however,challenges such as low retention,engraftment issues,and tumorigenic risks hinder their clinical utility.Recent focus has shifted to exosomes(exos)-nanoscale vesicles that facilitate intercellular communication-as a safer and more versatile alternative.Understanding the specific mechanisms and comparative efficacy of exos from hiPSCs vs hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes(hiPSC-CMs)is crucial for advancing cardiac repair therapies.AIM To evaluate and compare the therapeutic efficacy of exos secreted by hiPSCs and hiPSC-CMs in cardiac repair,and to elucidate the role of microRNA 21-5p(miR-21-5p)in the observed effects.METHODS We differentiated hiPSCs into CMs using small molecule methods and characterized the cells and their exos.RESULTS Our findings indicate that hiPSC-CMs and their exos enhanced cardiac function,reduced infarct size,and decreased myocardial fibrosis in a murine myocardial infarction model.Notably,hiPSC-CM exos outperformed hiPSC-CM cell therapy,showing improved ejection fraction and reduced apoptosis.We identified miR-21-5p,a microRNA in hiPSC-CM exos,as crucial for CM survival.Exos with miR-21-5p were absorbed by AC16 cells,suggesting a mechanism for their cytoprotective effects.CONCLUSION Overall,hiPSC-CM exos could serve as a potent therapeutic agent for myocardial repair,laying the groundwork for future research into exos as a treatment for ischemic heart disease.
文摘目的观察敲降长链非编码RNA-肺腺癌转移相关转录因子1(lncRNA-MALAT1)调控微小RNA-194-5p(miR-194-5p)/叉头框蛋白A1(FOXA1)通路对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的人肺泡上皮细胞(HPAEpiC)凋亡的影响.方法采用1 mg/L LPS处理HPAEpiC复制脓毒症急性肺损伤(ALI)体外模型.采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测HPAEpiC细胞中MALAT1、miR-194-5p的表达水平,构建MALAT1敲降载体、miR-194-5p抑制剂及FOXA1抑制剂转染HPAEpiC,将细胞分为空白对照组、LPS模型组、LPS+生理盐水组、LPS+MALAT1抑制剂组、LPS+MALAT1抑制剂+生理盐水组、LPS+MALAT1抑制剂+miR-194-5p抑制剂组和LPS+FOXA1抑制剂组.采用CCK-8细胞增殖及毒性检测试剂盒、流式细胞术、蛋白质免疫印迹试验(Western Blot)检测MALAT1或其敲降后对LPS诱导的HPAEpiC增殖及凋亡和FOXA1表达的影响;采用双荧光素酶报告基因检测lncRNA-MALAT1、miR-194-5p及FOXA1的靶向调控关系.结果与空白对照组比较,LPS可上调HPAEpiC-MALAT1的表达,促进HPAEpiC凋亡并抑制其增殖〔MALAT1(2^(-ΔΔCt)):0.83±0.09比0.15±0.02,HPAEpiC凋亡率:(21.31±2.31)%比(5.41±0.42)%,24 h HPAEpiC增殖活性(A值):0.42±0.03比0.54±0.02,均P<0.05〕;与LPS+生理盐水组比较,敲降MALAT1可抑制LPS诱导的HPAEpiC凋亡并促进其增殖〔细胞凋亡率:(6.40±0.40)%比(21.38±2.31)%,24 h HPAEpiC增殖活性(A值):0.53±0.03比0.40±0.02,均P<0.05〕,降低MALAT1的表达(2-ΔΔCt:0.20±0.03比1.02±0.09,P<0.05).双荧光素酶报告基因及Western Blot证实,敲降MALAT1通过靶向上调miR-194-5p从而抑制FOXA1在LPS诱导的HPAEpiC中的表达〔miR-194-5p(2^(-ΔΔCt)):5.27±0.15比1.21±0.09,FOXA1蛋白表达(灰度值):0.36±0.05比1.00±0.07,均P<0.05〕,miR-194-5p抑制剂能逆转MALAT1敲降在LPS诱导的HPAEpiC中对FOXA1的作用〔FOXA1蛋白表达(灰度值):2.76±0.20比1.00±0.07,P<0.05〕,抑制FOXA1表达能减轻LPS诱导的HPAEpiC凋亡并促进其增殖〔FOXA1蛋白表达(灰度值):0.28±0.03比1.00±0.03,HPAEpiC凋亡率:(6.78±0.38)%比(19.21±0.70)%,24 h HPAEpiC增殖活性(A值):0.59±0.20比0.41±0.02,均P<0.05〕.结论敲降MALAT1通过靶向上调miR-194-5p抑制FOXA1的表达,进而抑制LPS诱导的HPAEpiC凋亡,为脓毒症ALI的诊断和治疗提供了潜在的分子靶点.
文摘目的探讨特发性肾病综合征(idiopathic nephrotic syndrome,INS)患儿尿液外泌体miR-194-5p水平及其作为辅助诊断标志物的临床价值。方法收集101例INS患儿和98例性别、年龄相匹配的健康儿童尿液标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测miR-194-5p在尿液外泌体中的含量;ROC曲线、相关性分析等评估其对INS患儿的诊断价值。结果 INS组尿液外泌体miR-194-5p水平明显高于健康人对照组[2.420(0.650,9.515)fmol/L vs 0.360(0.220,0.653)fmol/L,U=1 552,P<0.01],且其中44例患者在治疗缓解后明显下降[0.975(0.375,4.358)fmol/L vs 0.320(0.145,0.523)fmol/L,W=708,P<0.01];伴有高尿蛋白的INS患儿miR-194-5p水平明显高于伴有低尿蛋白患儿[8.430(7.225,13.070)fmol/L vs 2.130(1.180,3.090)fmol/L,U=0,P<0.01];miR-194-5p诊断INS的ROC曲线下面积(AUCROC)为0.843(95%CI:0.789~0.897)。相关性分析显示,INS患儿尿液外泌体miR-194-5p与血清清蛋白(r=-0.300)水平呈负相关,与血清总胆固醇(r=0.278)、24 h尿蛋白(r=0.296)呈正相关(P均<0.01)。结论 INS患儿尿液外泌体miR-194-5p含量明显升高,与24 h尿蛋白、血清清蛋白和胆固醇水平密切相关,有望作为辅助诊断儿童INS的非侵入性分子标志物。
文摘BACKGROUND Anti-programmed death therapy has thrust immunotherapy into the spotlight.However,such therapy has a modest response in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Epigenetic immunomodulation is a suggestive combinatorial therapy with immune checkpoint blockade.Non-coding ribonucleic acid(ncRNA)driven regulation is a major mechanism of epigenetic modulation.Given the wide range of ncRNAs that co-opt in programmed cell-death protein 1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)regulation,and based on the literature,we hypothesized that miR-155-5p,miR-194-5p and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)X-inactive specific transcript(XIST)and MALAT-1 are involved in a regulatory upstream pathway for PD-1/PD-L1.Recently,nutraceutical therapeutics in cancers have received increasing attention.Thus,it is interesting to study the impact of oleuropein on the respective study key players.AIM To explore potential upstream regulatory ncRNAs for the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1.METHODS Bioinformatics tools including microrna.org and lnCeDB software were adopted to detect targeting of miR-155-5p,miR-194-5p and lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1 to PD-L1 mRNA,respectively.In addition,Diana tool was used to predict targeting of both aforementioned miRNAs to lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1.HCC and normal tissue samples were collected for scanning of PD-L1,XIST and MALAT-1 expression.To study the interaction among miR-155-5p,miR-194-5p,lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1,as well as PD-L1 mRNA,a series of transfections of the Huh-7 cell line was carried out.RESULTS Bioinformatics software predicted that miR-155-5p and miR-194-5p can target PDL1,MALAT-1 and XIST.MALAT-1 and XIST were predicted to target PD-L1 mRNA.PD-L1 and XIST were significantly upregulated in 23 HCC biopsies compared to healthy controls;however,MALAT-1 was barely detected.MiR-194 induced expression elevated the expression of PD-L1,XIST and MALAT-1.However,overexpression of miR-155-5p induced the upregulation of PD-L1 and XIST,while it had a negative impact on MALAT-1 expression.Knockdown of XIST did have an impact on PD-L1 expression;however,following knockdown of the negative regulator of X-inactive specific transcript(TSIX),PD-L1 expression was elevated,and abolished MALAT-1 activity.Upon co-transfection of miR-194-5p with siMALAT-1,PD-L1 expression was elevated.Co-transfection of miR-194-5p with siXIST did not have an impact on PD-L1 expression.Upon co-transfection of miR-194 with siTSIX,PD-L1 expression was upregulated.Interestingly,the same PD-L1 expression pattern was observed following miR-155-5p cotransfections.Oleuropein treatment of Huh-7 cells reduced the expression profile of PD-L1,XIST,and miR-155-5p,upregulated the expression of miR-194-5p and had no significant impact on the MALAT-1 expression profile.CONCLUSION This study reported a novel finding revealing that opposing acting miRNAs in HCC,have the same impact on PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint by sharing a common signaling pathway.
