Brain metastasis and primary glioblastoma multiforme represent the most common and lethal malignant brain tumors.Its median survival time is typically less than a year after diagnosis.One of the major challenges in tr...Brain metastasis and primary glioblastoma multiforme represent the most common and lethal malignant brain tumors.Its median survival time is typically less than a year after diagnosis.One of the major challenges in treating these cancers is the efficiency of the transport of drugs to the central nervous system.The blood-brain barrier is cooperating with advanced stages of malignancy.The blood-brain barrier poses a significant challenge to delivering systemic medications to brain tumors.Nanodrug delivery systems have emerged as promising tools for effectively crossing this barrier.Additionally,the development of smart nanoparticles brings new hope for cancer diagnosis and treatment.These nanoparticles improve drug delivery efficiency,allowing for the creation of targeted and stimuli-responsive delivery methods.This review highlights recent advancements in nanoparticle and smart nanoparticle technologies for brain cancer treatment,exploring the range of nanoparticles under development,their applications,targeting strategies,and the latest progress in enhancing transport across the blood-brain barrier.It also addresses the ongoing challenges and potential benefits of these innovative approaches.展开更多
Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are...Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water pollution.In this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing agent.Experimental analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag NPs.The surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their aggregation.After the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite hydrogel.The inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag NPs.The prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.展开更多
Delafossite AgFeO_(2)nanoparticles with a mixture of 2H and 3R phases were successfully fabricated by using a simple co-precipitation method.The resulting precursor was calcined at temperatures of 100,200,300,400,and ...Delafossite AgFeO_(2)nanoparticles with a mixture of 2H and 3R phases were successfully fabricated by using a simple co-precipitation method.The resulting precursor was calcined at temperatures of 100,200,300,400,and 500℃to obtain the delafossite AgFe0_(2)phase.The morphology and microstructure of the prepared AgFeO_(2)samples were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),N_(2) adsorption/desorption,X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS),and Xray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)techniques.A three-electrode system was employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the delafossite AgFeO_(2)nanoparticles in a 3 M KOH electrolyte.The delafossite AgFeO_(2)nanoparticles calcined at 100℃(AFO100)exhibited the highest surface area of 28.02 m^(2)·g^(-1)and outstanding electrochemical performance with specific capacitances of 229.71 F·g^(-1)at a current density of 1 A·g^(-1)and 358.32 F·g^(-1)at a scan rate of 2 mV·s^(-1).This sample also demonstrated the capacitance retention of 82.99% after 1000 charge/discharge cycles,along with superior specific power and specific energy values of 797.46 W·kg^(-1)and 72.74Wh·kg^(-1),respectively.These findings indicate that delafossite AgFeO_(2)has great potential as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications.展开更多
High-resolution non-emissive displays based on electrochromic tungsten oxides(WOx)are crucial for future near-eye virtual/augmented reality interactions,given their impressive attributes such as high environmental sta...High-resolution non-emissive displays based on electrochromic tungsten oxides(WOx)are crucial for future near-eye virtual/augmented reality interactions,given their impressive attributes such as high environmental stability,ideal outdoor readability,and low energy consumption.However,the limited intrinsic structure of inorganic materials has presented a significant challenge in achieving precise patterning/pixelation at the micron scale.Here,we successfully developed the direct photolithography for WOx nanoparticles based on in situ photo-induced ligand exchange.This strategy enabled us to achieve ultra-high resolution efficiently(line width<4μm,the best resolution for reported inorganic electrochromic materials).Additionally,the resulting device exhibited impressive electrochromic performance,such as fast response(<1 s at 0 V),high coloration efficiency(119.5 cm^(2) C^(−1)),good optical modulation(55.9%),and durability(>3600 cycles),as well as promising applications in electronic logos,pixelated displays,flexible electronics,etc.The success and advancements presented here are expected to inspire and accelerate research and development(R&D)in high-resolution non-emissive displays and other ultra-fine micro-electronics.展开更多
Ma et al recently reported in the World Journal of Diabetes that ferroptosis occurs in osteoblasts under high glucose conditions,reflecting diabetes pathology.This condition could be protected by the upregulation of t...Ma et al recently reported in the World Journal of Diabetes that ferroptosis occurs in osteoblasts under high glucose conditions,reflecting diabetes pathology.This condition could be protected by the upregulation of the gene encoding polycytosine RNA-binding protein 1(PCBP1).Additionally,Ma et al used a lentivirus infection system to express PCBP1.As the authors’method of administration can be improved in terms of stability and cost,we propose delivering PCBP1 to treat type 2 diabetic osteoporosis by encapsulating it in protein nanoparticles.First,PCBP1 is small and druggable.Second,intravenous injection can help deliver PCBP1 across the mucosa while avoiding acid and enzyme-catalyzed degradation.Furthermore,incorporating PCBP1 into nanoparticles prevents its interaction with water or oxygen and protects PCBP1’s structure and activity.Notably,the safety of the protein materials and the industrialization techniques for large-scale production of protein nanoparticles must be comprehensively investigated before clinical application.展开更多
Nanotechnology in cancer therapy has significantly advanced treatment precision,effectiveness,and safety,improving patient outcomes and personalized care.Engineered smart nanoparticles and cell-based therapies are des...Nanotechnology in cancer therapy has significantly advanced treatment precision,effectiveness,and safety,improving patient outcomes and personalized care.Engineered smart nanoparticles and cell-based therapies are designed to target tumor cells,precisely sensing the tumor microenvironment(TME)and sparing normal cells.These nanoparticles enhance drug accumulation in tumors by solubilizing insoluble compounds or preventing their degradation,and they can also overcome therapy resistance and deliver multiple drugs simultaneously.Despite these benefits,challenges remain in patient-specific responses and regulatory approvals for cell-based or nanoparticle therapies.Cell-based drug delivery systems(DDSs)that primarily utilize the immune-recognition principle between ligands and receptors have shown promise in selectively targeting and destroying cancer cells.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of various nanoparticle and cell-based drug delivery system types used in cancer research.It covers approved and experimental nanoparticle therapies,including liposomes,micelles,protein-based and polymeric nanoparticles,as well as cell-based DDSs like macrophages,T-lymphocytes,dendritic cells,viruses,bacterial ghosts,minicells,SimCells,and outer membrane vesicles(OMVs).The review also explains the role of TME and its impact on developing smart DDSs in combination therapies and integrating nanoparticles with cell-based systems for targeting cancer cells.By detailing DDSs at different stages of development,from laboratory research to clinical trials and approved treatments,this review provides the latest insights and a collection of valuable citations of the innovative strategies that can be improved for the precise treatment of cancer.展开更多
Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a s...Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a slow process, partly due to the difficulty of delivering drugs effectively. Nanoparticles, with their targeted delivery capabilities, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioavailability over conventional drugs, are garnering attention for spinal cord injury treatment. This review explores the current mechanisms and shortcomings of existing treatments, highlighting the benefits and progress of nanoparticle-based approaches. We detail nanoparticle delivery methods for spinal cord injury, including local and intravenous injections, oral delivery, and biomaterial-assisted implantation, alongside strategies such as drug loading and surface modification. The discussion extends to how nanoparticles aid in reducing oxidative stress, dampening inflammation, fostering neural regeneration, and promoting angiogenesis. We summarize the use of various types of nanoparticles for treating spinal cord injuries, including metallic, polymeric, protein-based, inorganic non-metallic, and lipid nanoparticles. We also discuss the challenges faced, such as biosafety, effectiveness in humans, precise dosage control, standardization of production and characterization, immune responses, and targeted delivery in vivo. Additionally, we explore future directions, such as improving biosafety, standardizing manufacturing and characterization processes, and advancing human trials. Nanoparticles have shown considerable progress in targeted delivery and enhancing treatment efficacy for spinal cord injuries, presenting significant potential for clinical use and drug development.展开更多
A gold catalyst of Au/pyrenyl‑graphdiyne(Pyr‑GDY)was prepared by anchoring small size of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)on the surface of Pyr‑GDY for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR),in which Au NPs with ...A gold catalyst of Au/pyrenyl‑graphdiyne(Pyr‑GDY)was prepared by anchoring small size of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)on the surface of Pyr‑GDY for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR),in which Au NPs with a size of approximately 3.69 nm was evenly distributed on spongy‑like porous Pyr‑GDY.The catalyst exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity for N_(2)reduction in a nitrogen‑saturated electrolyte,with an ammonia yield of 32.1μg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat)^(-1)at-0.3 V(vs RHE),3.5 times higher than that of Au/C(Au NPs anchored on carbon black).In addition,Au/Pyr‑GDY showed a Faraday efficiency(FE)of 26.9%for eNRR,and a good catalysis durability for over 22 h.展开更多
Ferromagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using water as the solvent through the sol-gel method, which was selected for its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and eco-friendly nature. The synthesized nanoparticl...Ferromagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using water as the solvent through the sol-gel method, which was selected for its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and eco-friendly nature. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using a variety of techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). These characterizations confirmed the successful formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The FTIR spectra identified characteristic peaks corresponding to the functional groups present, and XRD analysis, using Scherer’s equation, determined an average crystalline size of 1.2 nm for the Fe3O4 nanoparticles. TGA results demonstrated the thermal stability of the nanoparticles, SEM imaging revealed distinct honeycomb-like structures for the nanoparticles synthesized with water as the solvent, while the VSM analysis was used to determine the magnetic behavior of the nanoparticles.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Soft tissue damage induced by cobalt nanoparticles is currently the most noticeable complication in patients with artificial joint prostheses.Therefore,an effective therapeutic strategy is needed to limit t...BACKGROUND:Soft tissue damage induced by cobalt nanoparticles is currently the most noticeable complication in patients with artificial joint prostheses.Therefore,an effective therapeutic strategy is needed to limit the toxicity of cobalt nanoparticles.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of a ferroptosis inhibitor on cobalt nanoparticles-induced cytotoxicity.METHODS:To evaluate the detoxification effect of ferroptosis inhibitor on mouse fibroblasts(Balb/3T3),Balb/3T3 cells were treated with cobalt nanoparticles and ferroptosis inhibitor for 24 hours.The cell viabilities were measured by cell viability assay.Based on the results of the cell viability assay,the concentrations of cobalt nanoparticles and deferiprone were determined.The experiment was divided into four groups:the cobalt nanoparticles group(400μmol/L cobalt nanoparticles),the cobalt nanoparticles+deferiprone group(400μmol/L cobalt nanoparticles and 25μmol/L deferiprone),the deferiprone group(25μmol/L deferiprone),and the control group.The expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 protein were examined by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The cell viability assay results showed that as the exposure time or the drug concentration increased,cell viability decreased further,indicating that the cytotoxic effect of cobalt nanoparticles was time-and dose-dependent.Additionally,after 24 hours of exposure,cobalt nanoparticles significantly reduced cell viability and glutathione levels compared with the control group(P<0.05).At the same time,compared with the control group,there was an increase in reactive oxygen species production,intracellular iron levels,and the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6.After the addition of deferiprone,compared with the cobalt nanoparticles group,cell viability significantly improved,and reactive oxygen species production,intracellular iron levels,and the expression of inflammatory cytokines(tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6)significantly decreased(P<0.05).This demonstrated that deferiprone had a protective effect on cells exposed to cobalt nanoparticles.(2)Western blot assay results showed that cobalt nanoparticles reduced the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 protein(P<0.05),while deferiprone inhibited this effect(P<0.05).(3)The above findings verify that cobalt nanoparticles are highly cytotoxic and ferroptosis inhibitor deferiprone has a detoxification effect on cytotoxicity induced by cobalt nanoparticles.Ferroptosis plays an important role in the process by which cobalt nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity.The inhibitory effect of ferroptosis inhibitors on the toxicity of cobalt nanoparticles may provide valuable insights for further research into the mechanisms of cobalt nanoparticle toxicity and potential detoxification strategies.展开更多
A steady rise in the overall population is creating an overburden on crops due to their global demand.On the other hand,given the current climate change and population growth,agricultural practices established during ...A steady rise in the overall population is creating an overburden on crops due to their global demand.On the other hand,given the current climate change and population growth,agricultural practices established during the Green Revolution are no longer viable.Consequently,innovative practices are the prerequisite of the time struggle with the rising global food demand.The potential of nanotechnology to reduce the phytotoxic effects of these ecological restrictions has shown significant promise.Nanoparticles(NPs)typically enhance plant resilience to stressors by fortifying the physical barrier,optimizing photosynthesis,stimulating enzymatic activity for defense,elevating the concentration of stress-resistant compounds,and activating the expression of genes associated with defense mechanisms.In this review,we thoroughly cover the uptake and translocations of NPs crops and their potential valuable functions in enhancing plant growth and development at different growth stages.Additionally,we addressed how NPs improve plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress.Generally,this review presents a thorough understanding of the significance of NPs in plants and their prospective value for plant antioxidant and crop development.展开更多
This study presents a novel method to fabricate metal-decorated,sulfur-doped layered double hydroxides(M/SLDH)through spontaneous redox and sulfurization processes.The developed Ag/SLDH and Pt/SLDH catalysts with abun...This study presents a novel method to fabricate metal-decorated,sulfur-doped layered double hydroxides(M/SLDH)through spontaneous redox and sulfurization processes.The developed Ag/SLDH and Pt/SLDH catalysts with abundant heterogeneous interfaces and hierarchical nanostructures demonstrated outstanding oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)performance,achieving low overpotentials of 212 and 35 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M KOH,respectively.As both anode and cathode in water splitting,they required only 1.47 V to reach 10 mA cm^(-2)and exhibited high structural robustness,maintaining stability at 1000 mA cm^(-2)for 300 h.In-situ Raman analysis revealed that the synergistic effects of metal nanoparticles and S doping significantly promote the transformation into the S-Co1-xFexOOH layer,which serves as the active phase for water oxidation.Additionally,ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS)and density functional theory(DFT)analyses indicated that incorporating metal nanoparticles and S doping increase electron density near the Fermi level and reduce reaction energy barriers,thus enhancing intrinsic OER and HER activities.This study provides a scalable strategy for synthesizing high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting,with promising potential for broader applications.展开更多
Lanthanide-sensitized upconverting nanoparticles(UCNPs)are widely studied because of their unusual optical characteristics,such as large antenna-generated anti-Stokes shifts,high photostability,and narrow emission ban...Lanthanide-sensitized upconverting nanoparticles(UCNPs)are widely studied because of their unusual optical characteristics,such as large antenna-generated anti-Stokes shifts,high photostability,and narrow emission bandwidths,which can be harnessed for a variety of applications including bioimaging,sensing,information security and high-level anticounterfeiting.The diverse requirements of these applications typically require precise control over upconversion luminescence(UCL).Recently,the concept of energy migration upconversion has emerged as an effective approach to modulate UCL for various lanthanide ions.Moreover,it provides valuable insights into the fundamental comprehension of energy transfer mechanisms on the nanoscale,thereby contributing to the design of efficient lanthanide-sensitized UCNPs and their practical applications.Here we present a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in energy migration upconversion in lanthanide-sensitized nanoparticles for photon upconversion tuning,encompassing design strategies,mechanistic investigations and applications.Additionally,some future prospects in the field of energy migration upconversion are also discussed.展开更多
Polystyrene nanoparticles pose significant toxicological risks to aquatic ecosystems,yet their impact on zebrafish(Danio rerio)embryonic development,particularly erythropoiesis,remains underexplored.This study used si...Polystyrene nanoparticles pose significant toxicological risks to aquatic ecosystems,yet their impact on zebrafish(Danio rerio)embryonic development,particularly erythropoiesis,remains underexplored.This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to comprehensively evaluate the effects of polystyrene nanoparticle exposure on erythropoiesis in zebrafish embryos.In vivo validation experiments corroborated the transcriptomic findings,revealing that polystyrene nanoparticle exposure disrupted erythrocyte differentiation,as evidenced by the decrease in mature erythrocytes and concomitant increase in immature erythrocytes.Additionally,impaired heme synthesis further contributed to the diminished erythrocyte population.These findings underscore the toxic effects of polystyrene nanoparticles on hematopoietic processes,highlighting their potential to compromise organismal health in aquatic environments.展开更多
Organic nanophotocatalysts are promising candidates for solar fuels production,but they still face the challenge of unfavorable geminate recombination due to the limited exciton diffusion lengths.Here,we introduce a b...Organic nanophotocatalysts are promising candidates for solar fuels production,but they still face the challenge of unfavorable geminate recombination due to the limited exciton diffusion lengths.Here,we introduce a binary nanophotocatalyst fabricated by blending two polymers,PS-PEG5(PS)and PBT-PEG5(PBT),with matched absorption and emission spectra,enabling a Forster resonance energy transfer(FRET)process for enhanced photocatalysis.These heterostructure nanophotocatalysts are processed using a facile and scalable flash nanoprecipitation(FNP)technique with precious kinetic control over binary nanoparticle formation.The resulting nanoparticles exhibit an exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate up to 65 mmol g^(-1) h^(-1),2.5 times higher than that single component nanoparticles.Characterizations through fluorescence spectra and transient absorption spectra confirm the hetero-energy transfer within the binary nanoparticles,which prolongs the excited-state lifetime and extends the namely“effective exciton diffusion length”.Our finding opens new avenues for designing efficient organic photocatalysts by improving exciton migration.展开更多
Enhanced UV-B radiation represents a major environmental factor impacting global cereal production.Researchers have explored various approaches to reduce the detrimental impact of UV-B radiation on crops.Recently,engi...Enhanced UV-B radiation represents a major environmental factor impacting global cereal production.Researchers have explored various approaches to reduce the detrimental impact of UV-B radiation on crops.Recently,engineered nanoparticles,particularly cerium oxide nanoparticles(CeO_(2)-NPs),have attracted widespread interest for their ability to boost plant tolerance to a range of abiotic stresses.This study investigates how CeO_(2)-NPs application affects the morphology,physiology,biochemistry,and transcriptomics profiles of wheat seedling roots subjected to enhanced UV-B stress.The findings demonstrate that CeO_(2)-NPs notably promoted root length,fresh and dry weights,and root activity(p<0.05)under enhanced UV-B stress.CeO_(2)-NP treatment reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide<(H_(2)O_(2))and malondialdehyde(MDA)in wheat,alleviating oxidative damage in seedling roots and partially restoring the root phenotype.Under non-UV-B stress conditions,CeO_(2)-NP treatment triggered the difference of 237 transcripts in plants relative to the control group.Under enhanced UV-B stress,CeO_(2)-NP treatment exhibited differentially expressed genes(DEGs)linked to the antioxidant defense mechanism responsible for reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging,compared to the non-nanoparticle control.This suggests that ROS scavenging may be a key mechanism by which CeO_(2)-NPs enhance wheat resistance to enhanced UV-B radiation.This study elucidates a potential molecular mechanism through which CeO_(2)nanoparticles may enhance wheat tolerance to UV-B stress.展开更多
An atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ)approach is developed to prepare platinum nanoparticles(PtNPs)under mild reaction conditions of lower temperatures and without adding chemical reagents.Optical Emission Spectros...An atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ)approach is developed to prepare platinum nanoparticles(PtNPs)under mild reaction conditions of lower temperatures and without adding chemical reagents.Optical Emission Spectroscopy(OES)and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS)tests revealed that the APPJ contains a large number of high-energy active particles,which can generate solvated electrons in liquid thereby promoting the rapid reduction of Pt(Ⅳ)ions into Pt(0)atoms,and these atoms gradually grow into nanoparticles.After 3 min of treatment,PtNPs exhibit excellent dispersibility with a particle size distribution ranging from 1.8 to 2.8 nm.After 5 min,the particle size increases,and aggregation occurs.The zeta potentials for the two situations were-56.0 mV and-12.5 mV respectively.The results indicate that the treatment time has a significant impact on the dispersion,particle size distribution,and sol stability of the nanoparticles.Furthermore,it reveals the formation mechanism of PtNPs prepared by APPJ,which involves the generation and expansion of nanocrystalline nuclei,and the construction of negatively charged colloidal particles.The overall mechanism highlights the importance of the plasma-liquid interaction in the synthesis of PtNPs,offering a new perspective on the controllable production of nanomaterials using plasma technology.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a common chronic intestinal inflammatory disease.High oxidative stress is a treatment target for IBD.Cerium oxide(CeO2)nanomaterials as nanozymes with antioxidant activity ...BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a common chronic intestinal inflammatory disease.High oxidative stress is a treatment target for IBD.Cerium oxide(CeO2)nanomaterials as nanozymes with antioxidant activity are potential drugs for the treatment of colitis.AIM To synthesize hollow cerium(H-CeO2)nanoparticles by one-step method and to validate the therapeutic efficacy of H-CeO2 in IBD.METHODS H-CeO2 was synthesized by one-step method and examined its characterization and nanoenzymatic activity.Subsequently,we constructed dextran sulfate so-dium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice to observe the effects of H-CeO2 on colonic inflammation.The effects of H-CeO2 on colon inflammation and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in IBD mice were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining and dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining,respectively.Finally,the biological sa-fety of H-CeO2 on mice was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining,blood routine,and blood biochemistry.RESULTS H-CeO2 nanoparticles prepared by the one-step method were uniform,monodi-sperse and hollow.H-CeO2 had a good ability to scavenge ROS,∙OH and∙OOH.H-CeO2 reduced DSS-induced decreases in body weight and colon length,colonic epithelial damage,inflammatory infiltration,and ROS accumulation.H-CeO2 administration reduced the disease activity index of DSS-induced animals from about 8 to 5.H-CeO2 had no significant effect on body weight,total platelet count,hemoglobin,white blood cell,and red blood cell counts in healthy mice.No significant damage to major organs was observed in healthy mice following H-CeO2 administration.CONCLUSION The one-step synthesis of H-CeO2 nanomaterials had good antioxidant activity,biosafety,and inhibited deve-lopment of DSS-induced IBD in mice by scavenging ROS.展开更多
Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxy...Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,which promotes the management of obesity by triggering the browning of white adipose tissue(WAT)targeting the membrane receptor of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).However,HAS easily undergoes configuration transformation and oxidative degradation.The short peptide CKGGRAKDC or adipose-targeting sequence(ATS)binds specifically to prohibitin on the surface of WAT cells and can be used as recognition assembly to enhance adipocyte targetability.Furthermore,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)are widely used in drug delivery systems because of their large specific surface area and pore volume.Therefore,HAS-loaded adipose-targeted MSNs(MSNs-ATS)were developed to enhance the adipocyte targetability,safety,and efficacy of HAS,and tested on mature 3T3-L1 cells and obese mouse models.MSNs-ATS showed higher specificity for adipocyte targetability without obvious toxicity.HAS-loaded MSNs-ATS showed anti-obesity effects superior to those of HAS alone.In conclusion,we successfully developed adipocyte-targeted,HAS-loaded MSNs with good safety and anti-obesity effects.展开更多
Designing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis(FTS)catalysts to selectively produce liquid hydrocarbon fuels is a crucial challenge.Herein,we selectively introduced Co nanoparticles(NPs)into the micropores and mesopores of an or...Designing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis(FTS)catalysts to selectively produce liquid hydrocarbon fuels is a crucial challenge.Herein,we selectively introduced Co nanoparticles(NPs)into the micropores and mesopores of an ordered mesoporous MFI zeolite(OMMZ)through impregnation,which controlled the carbon number distribution in the FTS products by tuning the position of catalytic active sites in differently sized pores.The Co precursors coordinated by acetate with a size of 9.4×4.2×2.5Åand by 2,2‘-bipyridine with a size of 9.5×8.7×7.9Å,smaller and larger than the micropores(ca.5.5Å)of MFI,made the Co species incorporated in OMMZ's micropores and mesopores,respectively.The carbon number products synthesized with the Co NPs confined in mesopores were larger than that in micropores.The high jet and diesel selectivities of 66.5%and 65.3%were achieved with Co NPs confined in micropores and mesopores of less acidic Na-type OMMZ,respectively.Gasoline and jet selectivities of 76.7%and 70.8%were achieved with Co NPs confined in micropores and mesopores of H-type OMMZ with Brönsted acid sites,respectively.A series of characterizations revealed that the selective production of diesel and jet fuels was due to the C-C cleavage suppressing of heavier hydrocarbons by the Co NPs located in mesopores.展开更多
文摘Brain metastasis and primary glioblastoma multiforme represent the most common and lethal malignant brain tumors.Its median survival time is typically less than a year after diagnosis.One of the major challenges in treating these cancers is the efficiency of the transport of drugs to the central nervous system.The blood-brain barrier is cooperating with advanced stages of malignancy.The blood-brain barrier poses a significant challenge to delivering systemic medications to brain tumors.Nanodrug delivery systems have emerged as promising tools for effectively crossing this barrier.Additionally,the development of smart nanoparticles brings new hope for cancer diagnosis and treatment.These nanoparticles improve drug delivery efficiency,allowing for the creation of targeted and stimuli-responsive delivery methods.This review highlights recent advancements in nanoparticle and smart nanoparticle technologies for brain cancer treatment,exploring the range of nanoparticles under development,their applications,targeting strategies,and the latest progress in enhancing transport across the blood-brain barrier.It also addresses the ongoing challenges and potential benefits of these innovative approaches.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52203209)the State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials,China(No.SWR-2022-009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-IDRY22-012)。
文摘Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water pollution.In this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing agent.Experimental analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag NPs.The surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their aggregation.After the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite hydrogel.The inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag NPs.The prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.
基金Suranaree University of Technology(SUT)Thailand Science,Research and Innovation(TSRI)National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)(project cord.179314)。
文摘Delafossite AgFeO_(2)nanoparticles with a mixture of 2H and 3R phases were successfully fabricated by using a simple co-precipitation method.The resulting precursor was calcined at temperatures of 100,200,300,400,and 500℃to obtain the delafossite AgFe0_(2)phase.The morphology and microstructure of the prepared AgFeO_(2)samples were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),N_(2) adsorption/desorption,X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS),and Xray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)techniques.A three-electrode system was employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the delafossite AgFeO_(2)nanoparticles in a 3 M KOH electrolyte.The delafossite AgFeO_(2)nanoparticles calcined at 100℃(AFO100)exhibited the highest surface area of 28.02 m^(2)·g^(-1)and outstanding electrochemical performance with specific capacitances of 229.71 F·g^(-1)at a current density of 1 A·g^(-1)and 358.32 F·g^(-1)at a scan rate of 2 mV·s^(-1).This sample also demonstrated the capacitance retention of 82.99% after 1000 charge/discharge cycles,along with superior specific power and specific energy values of 797.46 W·kg^(-1)and 72.74Wh·kg^(-1),respectively.These findings indicate that delafossite AgFeO_(2)has great potential as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3606501,2022YFB3602902)the Key projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China(62234004)+8 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A2092)Pioneer and Leading Goose R&D Program of Zhejiang(2024C01191,2024C01092)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team of Zhejiang Province(2021R01003)Ningbo Key Technologies R&D Program(2022Z085),Ningbo 3315 Programme(2020A-01-B)YONGJIANG Talent Introduction Programme(2021A-038-B,2021A-159-G)“Innovation Yongjiang 2035”Key R&D Programme(2024Z146)Ningbo JiangBei District public welfare science and technology project(2022C07)the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(grant no.BX20240391)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant no.2023M743623).
文摘High-resolution non-emissive displays based on electrochromic tungsten oxides(WOx)are crucial for future near-eye virtual/augmented reality interactions,given their impressive attributes such as high environmental stability,ideal outdoor readability,and low energy consumption.However,the limited intrinsic structure of inorganic materials has presented a significant challenge in achieving precise patterning/pixelation at the micron scale.Here,we successfully developed the direct photolithography for WOx nanoparticles based on in situ photo-induced ligand exchange.This strategy enabled us to achieve ultra-high resolution efficiently(line width<4μm,the best resolution for reported inorganic electrochromic materials).Additionally,the resulting device exhibited impressive electrochromic performance,such as fast response(<1 s at 0 V),high coloration efficiency(119.5 cm^(2) C^(−1)),good optical modulation(55.9%),and durability(>3600 cycles),as well as promising applications in electronic logos,pixelated displays,flexible electronics,etc.The success and advancements presented here are expected to inspire and accelerate research and development(R&D)in high-resolution non-emissive displays and other ultra-fine micro-electronics.
文摘Ma et al recently reported in the World Journal of Diabetes that ferroptosis occurs in osteoblasts under high glucose conditions,reflecting diabetes pathology.This condition could be protected by the upregulation of the gene encoding polycytosine RNA-binding protein 1(PCBP1).Additionally,Ma et al used a lentivirus infection system to express PCBP1.As the authors’method of administration can be improved in terms of stability and cost,we propose delivering PCBP1 to treat type 2 diabetic osteoporosis by encapsulating it in protein nanoparticles.First,PCBP1 is small and druggable.Second,intravenous injection can help deliver PCBP1 across the mucosa while avoiding acid and enzyme-catalyzed degradation.Furthermore,incorporating PCBP1 into nanoparticles prevents its interaction with water or oxygen and protects PCBP1’s structure and activity.Notably,the safety of the protein materials and the industrialization techniques for large-scale production of protein nanoparticles must be comprehensively investigated before clinical application.
文摘Nanotechnology in cancer therapy has significantly advanced treatment precision,effectiveness,and safety,improving patient outcomes and personalized care.Engineered smart nanoparticles and cell-based therapies are designed to target tumor cells,precisely sensing the tumor microenvironment(TME)and sparing normal cells.These nanoparticles enhance drug accumulation in tumors by solubilizing insoluble compounds or preventing their degradation,and they can also overcome therapy resistance and deliver multiple drugs simultaneously.Despite these benefits,challenges remain in patient-specific responses and regulatory approvals for cell-based or nanoparticle therapies.Cell-based drug delivery systems(DDSs)that primarily utilize the immune-recognition principle between ligands and receptors have shown promise in selectively targeting and destroying cancer cells.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of various nanoparticle and cell-based drug delivery system types used in cancer research.It covers approved and experimental nanoparticle therapies,including liposomes,micelles,protein-based and polymeric nanoparticles,as well as cell-based DDSs like macrophages,T-lymphocytes,dendritic cells,viruses,bacterial ghosts,minicells,SimCells,and outer membrane vesicles(OMVs).The review also explains the role of TME and its impact on developing smart DDSs in combination therapies and integrating nanoparticles with cell-based systems for targeting cancer cells.By detailing DDSs at different stages of development,from laboratory research to clinical trials and approved treatments,this review provides the latest insights and a collection of valuable citations of the innovative strategies that can be improved for the precise treatment of cancer.
基金supported by the Key Research Projects of Universities of Henan Province,No.21A320064 (to XS)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2021YFA1201504 (to LZ)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science,No.XDB36000000 (to CW)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.31971295,12374406 (both to LZ)。
文摘Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a slow process, partly due to the difficulty of delivering drugs effectively. Nanoparticles, with their targeted delivery capabilities, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioavailability over conventional drugs, are garnering attention for spinal cord injury treatment. This review explores the current mechanisms and shortcomings of existing treatments, highlighting the benefits and progress of nanoparticle-based approaches. We detail nanoparticle delivery methods for spinal cord injury, including local and intravenous injections, oral delivery, and biomaterial-assisted implantation, alongside strategies such as drug loading and surface modification. The discussion extends to how nanoparticles aid in reducing oxidative stress, dampening inflammation, fostering neural regeneration, and promoting angiogenesis. We summarize the use of various types of nanoparticles for treating spinal cord injuries, including metallic, polymeric, protein-based, inorganic non-metallic, and lipid nanoparticles. We also discuss the challenges faced, such as biosafety, effectiveness in humans, precise dosage control, standardization of production and characterization, immune responses, and targeted delivery in vivo. Additionally, we explore future directions, such as improving biosafety, standardizing manufacturing and characterization processes, and advancing human trials. Nanoparticles have shown considerable progress in targeted delivery and enhancing treatment efficacy for spinal cord injuries, presenting significant potential for clinical use and drug development.
文摘A gold catalyst of Au/pyrenyl‑graphdiyne(Pyr‑GDY)was prepared by anchoring small size of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)on the surface of Pyr‑GDY for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR),in which Au NPs with a size of approximately 3.69 nm was evenly distributed on spongy‑like porous Pyr‑GDY.The catalyst exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity for N_(2)reduction in a nitrogen‑saturated electrolyte,with an ammonia yield of 32.1μg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat)^(-1)at-0.3 V(vs RHE),3.5 times higher than that of Au/C(Au NPs anchored on carbon black).In addition,Au/Pyr‑GDY showed a Faraday efficiency(FE)of 26.9%for eNRR,and a good catalysis durability for over 22 h.
文摘Ferromagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using water as the solvent through the sol-gel method, which was selected for its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and eco-friendly nature. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using a variety of techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). These characterizations confirmed the successful formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The FTIR spectra identified characteristic peaks corresponding to the functional groups present, and XRD analysis, using Scherer’s equation, determined an average crystalline size of 1.2 nm for the Fe3O4 nanoparticles. TGA results demonstrated the thermal stability of the nanoparticles, SEM imaging revealed distinct honeycomb-like structures for the nanoparticles synthesized with water as the solvent, while the VSM analysis was used to determine the magnetic behavior of the nanoparticles.
文摘BACKGROUND:Soft tissue damage induced by cobalt nanoparticles is currently the most noticeable complication in patients with artificial joint prostheses.Therefore,an effective therapeutic strategy is needed to limit the toxicity of cobalt nanoparticles.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of a ferroptosis inhibitor on cobalt nanoparticles-induced cytotoxicity.METHODS:To evaluate the detoxification effect of ferroptosis inhibitor on mouse fibroblasts(Balb/3T3),Balb/3T3 cells were treated with cobalt nanoparticles and ferroptosis inhibitor for 24 hours.The cell viabilities were measured by cell viability assay.Based on the results of the cell viability assay,the concentrations of cobalt nanoparticles and deferiprone were determined.The experiment was divided into four groups:the cobalt nanoparticles group(400μmol/L cobalt nanoparticles),the cobalt nanoparticles+deferiprone group(400μmol/L cobalt nanoparticles and 25μmol/L deferiprone),the deferiprone group(25μmol/L deferiprone),and the control group.The expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 protein were examined by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The cell viability assay results showed that as the exposure time or the drug concentration increased,cell viability decreased further,indicating that the cytotoxic effect of cobalt nanoparticles was time-and dose-dependent.Additionally,after 24 hours of exposure,cobalt nanoparticles significantly reduced cell viability and glutathione levels compared with the control group(P<0.05).At the same time,compared with the control group,there was an increase in reactive oxygen species production,intracellular iron levels,and the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6.After the addition of deferiprone,compared with the cobalt nanoparticles group,cell viability significantly improved,and reactive oxygen species production,intracellular iron levels,and the expression of inflammatory cytokines(tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6)significantly decreased(P<0.05).This demonstrated that deferiprone had a protective effect on cells exposed to cobalt nanoparticles.(2)Western blot assay results showed that cobalt nanoparticles reduced the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 protein(P<0.05),while deferiprone inhibited this effect(P<0.05).(3)The above findings verify that cobalt nanoparticles are highly cytotoxic and ferroptosis inhibitor deferiprone has a detoxification effect on cytotoxicity induced by cobalt nanoparticles.Ferroptosis plays an important role in the process by which cobalt nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity.The inhibitory effect of ferroptosis inhibitors on the toxicity of cobalt nanoparticles may provide valuable insights for further research into the mechanisms of cobalt nanoparticle toxicity and potential detoxification strategies.
基金The authors extend their gratitude to the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR),King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia,for funding the publication of this work(Project number:KFU250560).
文摘A steady rise in the overall population is creating an overburden on crops due to their global demand.On the other hand,given the current climate change and population growth,agricultural practices established during the Green Revolution are no longer viable.Consequently,innovative practices are the prerequisite of the time struggle with the rising global food demand.The potential of nanotechnology to reduce the phytotoxic effects of these ecological restrictions has shown significant promise.Nanoparticles(NPs)typically enhance plant resilience to stressors by fortifying the physical barrier,optimizing photosynthesis,stimulating enzymatic activity for defense,elevating the concentration of stress-resistant compounds,and activating the expression of genes associated with defense mechanisms.In this review,we thoroughly cover the uptake and translocations of NPs crops and their potential valuable functions in enhancing plant growth and development at different growth stages.Additionally,we addressed how NPs improve plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress.Generally,this review presents a thorough understanding of the significance of NPs in plants and their prospective value for plant antioxidant and crop development.
基金National Programs for NanoKey Project(2022YFA1504002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078233)。
文摘This study presents a novel method to fabricate metal-decorated,sulfur-doped layered double hydroxides(M/SLDH)through spontaneous redox and sulfurization processes.The developed Ag/SLDH and Pt/SLDH catalysts with abundant heterogeneous interfaces and hierarchical nanostructures demonstrated outstanding oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)performance,achieving low overpotentials of 212 and 35 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M KOH,respectively.As both anode and cathode in water splitting,they required only 1.47 V to reach 10 mA cm^(-2)and exhibited high structural robustness,maintaining stability at 1000 mA cm^(-2)for 300 h.In-situ Raman analysis revealed that the synergistic effects of metal nanoparticles and S doping significantly promote the transformation into the S-Co1-xFexOOH layer,which serves as the active phase for water oxidation.Additionally,ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS)and density functional theory(DFT)analyses indicated that incorporating metal nanoparticles and S doping increase electron density near the Fermi level and reduce reaction energy barriers,thus enhancing intrinsic OER and HER activities.This study provides a scalable strategy for synthesizing high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting,with promising potential for broader applications.
基金supported by Senior Talent Fund of Jiangsu University(No.5501310021)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M741419)+1 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by ZJAST(No.G301310002)Research Fund for International Scientists(No.22350710187).
文摘Lanthanide-sensitized upconverting nanoparticles(UCNPs)are widely studied because of their unusual optical characteristics,such as large antenna-generated anti-Stokes shifts,high photostability,and narrow emission bandwidths,which can be harnessed for a variety of applications including bioimaging,sensing,information security and high-level anticounterfeiting.The diverse requirements of these applications typically require precise control over upconversion luminescence(UCL).Recently,the concept of energy migration upconversion has emerged as an effective approach to modulate UCL for various lanthanide ions.Moreover,it provides valuable insights into the fundamental comprehension of energy transfer mechanisms on the nanoscale,thereby contributing to the design of efficient lanthanide-sensitized UCNPs and their practical applications.Here we present a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in energy migration upconversion in lanthanide-sensitized nanoparticles for photon upconversion tuning,encompassing design strategies,mechanistic investigations and applications.Additionally,some future prospects in the field of energy migration upconversion are also discussed.
基金supported by the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R022-D1)Global Learning&Academic Research Institution for Master’s/Ph D students and Post-Doc Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Ministry of Education (RS-2023-00301938)+1 种基金National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean government (RS-2024-00406152,MSIT)Additional financial support was provided by the 2024 Post-Doc Development Program of Pusan National University,Korea Medical Institute,and KREONET。
文摘Polystyrene nanoparticles pose significant toxicological risks to aquatic ecosystems,yet their impact on zebrafish(Danio rerio)embryonic development,particularly erythropoiesis,remains underexplored.This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to comprehensively evaluate the effects of polystyrene nanoparticle exposure on erythropoiesis in zebrafish embryos.In vivo validation experiments corroborated the transcriptomic findings,revealing that polystyrene nanoparticle exposure disrupted erythrocyte differentiation,as evidenced by the decrease in mature erythrocytes and concomitant increase in immature erythrocytes.Additionally,impaired heme synthesis further contributed to the diminished erythrocyte population.These findings underscore the toxic effects of polystyrene nanoparticles on hematopoietic processes,highlighting their potential to compromise organismal health in aquatic environments.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,22338006,92356301,9235630033 and 22375062)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(21JC1401700)+4 种基金Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research(22TQ1400100-10)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesShanghai Pujiang Program(22PJ1402400)“Chenguang Program”supported by Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(22CGA32)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2023QNRC001).
文摘Organic nanophotocatalysts are promising candidates for solar fuels production,but they still face the challenge of unfavorable geminate recombination due to the limited exciton diffusion lengths.Here,we introduce a binary nanophotocatalyst fabricated by blending two polymers,PS-PEG5(PS)and PBT-PEG5(PBT),with matched absorption and emission spectra,enabling a Forster resonance energy transfer(FRET)process for enhanced photocatalysis.These heterostructure nanophotocatalysts are processed using a facile and scalable flash nanoprecipitation(FNP)technique with precious kinetic control over binary nanoparticle formation.The resulting nanoparticles exhibit an exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate up to 65 mmol g^(-1) h^(-1),2.5 times higher than that single component nanoparticles.Characterizations through fluorescence spectra and transient absorption spectra confirm the hetero-energy transfer within the binary nanoparticles,which prolongs the excited-state lifetime and extends the namely“effective exciton diffusion length”.Our finding opens new avenues for designing efficient organic photocatalysts by improving exciton migration.
基金supported by Graduate Innovation Project of Shanxi Normal University(Grant No.2021Y443).
文摘Enhanced UV-B radiation represents a major environmental factor impacting global cereal production.Researchers have explored various approaches to reduce the detrimental impact of UV-B radiation on crops.Recently,engineered nanoparticles,particularly cerium oxide nanoparticles(CeO_(2)-NPs),have attracted widespread interest for their ability to boost plant tolerance to a range of abiotic stresses.This study investigates how CeO_(2)-NPs application affects the morphology,physiology,biochemistry,and transcriptomics profiles of wheat seedling roots subjected to enhanced UV-B stress.The findings demonstrate that CeO_(2)-NPs notably promoted root length,fresh and dry weights,and root activity(p<0.05)under enhanced UV-B stress.CeO_(2)-NP treatment reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide<(H_(2)O_(2))and malondialdehyde(MDA)in wheat,alleviating oxidative damage in seedling roots and partially restoring the root phenotype.Under non-UV-B stress conditions,CeO_(2)-NP treatment triggered the difference of 237 transcripts in plants relative to the control group.Under enhanced UV-B stress,CeO_(2)-NP treatment exhibited differentially expressed genes(DEGs)linked to the antioxidant defense mechanism responsible for reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging,compared to the non-nanoparticle control.This suggests that ROS scavenging may be a key mechanism by which CeO_(2)-NPs enhance wheat resistance to enhanced UV-B radiation.This study elucidates a potential molecular mechanism through which CeO_(2)nanoparticles may enhance wheat tolerance to UV-B stress.
基金partially supported by Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee (Nos.KJ2021A1168,KJ2021A1169 and 2024AH050620)University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province (No.GXXT-2022-026)University-Industry Cooperation Practical Education Base Project (No.2022xqjdx04)。
文摘An atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ)approach is developed to prepare platinum nanoparticles(PtNPs)under mild reaction conditions of lower temperatures and without adding chemical reagents.Optical Emission Spectroscopy(OES)and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS)tests revealed that the APPJ contains a large number of high-energy active particles,which can generate solvated electrons in liquid thereby promoting the rapid reduction of Pt(Ⅳ)ions into Pt(0)atoms,and these atoms gradually grow into nanoparticles.After 3 min of treatment,PtNPs exhibit excellent dispersibility with a particle size distribution ranging from 1.8 to 2.8 nm.After 5 min,the particle size increases,and aggregation occurs.The zeta potentials for the two situations were-56.0 mV and-12.5 mV respectively.The results indicate that the treatment time has a significant impact on the dispersion,particle size distribution,and sol stability of the nanoparticles.Furthermore,it reveals the formation mechanism of PtNPs prepared by APPJ,which involves the generation and expansion of nanocrystalline nuclei,and the construction of negatively charged colloidal particles.The overall mechanism highlights the importance of the plasma-liquid interaction in the synthesis of PtNPs,offering a new perspective on the controllable production of nanomaterials using plasma technology.
文摘BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a common chronic intestinal inflammatory disease.High oxidative stress is a treatment target for IBD.Cerium oxide(CeO2)nanomaterials as nanozymes with antioxidant activity are potential drugs for the treatment of colitis.AIM To synthesize hollow cerium(H-CeO2)nanoparticles by one-step method and to validate the therapeutic efficacy of H-CeO2 in IBD.METHODS H-CeO2 was synthesized by one-step method and examined its characterization and nanoenzymatic activity.Subsequently,we constructed dextran sulfate so-dium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice to observe the effects of H-CeO2 on colonic inflammation.The effects of H-CeO2 on colon inflammation and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in IBD mice were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining and dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining,respectively.Finally,the biological sa-fety of H-CeO2 on mice was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining,blood routine,and blood biochemistry.RESULTS H-CeO2 nanoparticles prepared by the one-step method were uniform,monodi-sperse and hollow.H-CeO2 had a good ability to scavenge ROS,∙OH and∙OOH.H-CeO2 reduced DSS-induced decreases in body weight and colon length,colonic epithelial damage,inflammatory infiltration,and ROS accumulation.H-CeO2 administration reduced the disease activity index of DSS-induced animals from about 8 to 5.H-CeO2 had no significant effect on body weight,total platelet count,hemoglobin,white blood cell,and red blood cell counts in healthy mice.No significant damage to major organs was observed in healthy mice following H-CeO2 administration.CONCLUSION The one-step synthesis of H-CeO2 nanomaterials had good antioxidant activity,biosafety,and inhibited deve-lopment of DSS-induced IBD in mice by scavenging ROS.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2022NSFSC0720)Research Center for the Development of the Comprehensive Health Industry and Rural Revitalization of Sichuan TCM(No.DJKYB202306)State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Province of China(No.2020HJZX001).
文摘Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,which promotes the management of obesity by triggering the browning of white adipose tissue(WAT)targeting the membrane receptor of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).However,HAS easily undergoes configuration transformation and oxidative degradation.The short peptide CKGGRAKDC or adipose-targeting sequence(ATS)binds specifically to prohibitin on the surface of WAT cells and can be used as recognition assembly to enhance adipocyte targetability.Furthermore,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)are widely used in drug delivery systems because of their large specific surface area and pore volume.Therefore,HAS-loaded adipose-targeted MSNs(MSNs-ATS)were developed to enhance the adipocyte targetability,safety,and efficacy of HAS,and tested on mature 3T3-L1 cells and obese mouse models.MSNs-ATS showed higher specificity for adipocyte targetability without obvious toxicity.HAS-loaded MSNs-ATS showed anti-obesity effects superior to those of HAS alone.In conclusion,we successfully developed adipocyte-targeted,HAS-loaded MSNs with good safety and anti-obesity effects.
文摘Designing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis(FTS)catalysts to selectively produce liquid hydrocarbon fuels is a crucial challenge.Herein,we selectively introduced Co nanoparticles(NPs)into the micropores and mesopores of an ordered mesoporous MFI zeolite(OMMZ)through impregnation,which controlled the carbon number distribution in the FTS products by tuning the position of catalytic active sites in differently sized pores.The Co precursors coordinated by acetate with a size of 9.4×4.2×2.5Åand by 2,2‘-bipyridine with a size of 9.5×8.7×7.9Å,smaller and larger than the micropores(ca.5.5Å)of MFI,made the Co species incorporated in OMMZ's micropores and mesopores,respectively.The carbon number products synthesized with the Co NPs confined in mesopores were larger than that in micropores.The high jet and diesel selectivities of 66.5%and 65.3%were achieved with Co NPs confined in micropores and mesopores of less acidic Na-type OMMZ,respectively.Gasoline and jet selectivities of 76.7%and 70.8%were achieved with Co NPs confined in micropores and mesopores of H-type OMMZ with Brönsted acid sites,respectively.A series of characterizations revealed that the selective production of diesel and jet fuels was due to the C-C cleavage suppressing of heavier hydrocarbons by the Co NPs located in mesopores.
