The rising flexible and intelligent electronics greatly facilitate the noninvasive and timely tracking of physiological information in telemedicine healthcare.Meticulously building bionic-sensitive moieties is vital f...The rising flexible and intelligent electronics greatly facilitate the noninvasive and timely tracking of physiological information in telemedicine healthcare.Meticulously building bionic-sensitive moieties is vital for designing efficient electronic skin with advanced cognitive functionalities to pluralistically capture external stimuli.However,realistic mimesis,both in the skin’s three-dimensional interlocked hierarchical structures and synchronous encoding multistimuli information capacities,remains a challenging yet vital need for simplifying the design of flexible logic circuits.Herein,we construct an artificial epidermal device by in situ growing Cu_(3)(HHTP)_(2) particles onto the hollow spherical Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) surface,aiming to concurrently emulate the spinous and granular layers of the skin’s epidermis.The bionic Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@Cu_(3)(HHTP)_(2) exhibits independent NO_(2) and pressure response,as well as novel functionalities such as acoustic signature perception and Morse code-encrypted message communication.Ultimately,a wearable alarming system with a mobile application terminal is self-developed by integrating the bimodular senor into flexible printed circuits.This system can assess risk factors related with asthmatic,such as stimulation of external NO_(2) gas,abnormal expiratory behavior and exertion degrees of fingers,achieving a recognition accuracy of 97.6%as assisted by a machine learning algorithm.Our work provides a feasible routine to develop intelligent multifunctional healthcare equipment for burgeoning transformative telemedicine diagnosis.展开更多
Planar Na ion micro-supercapacitors(NIMSCs) that offer both high energy density and power density are deemed to a promising class of miniaturized power sources for wearable and portable microelectron-ics. Nevertheless...Planar Na ion micro-supercapacitors(NIMSCs) that offer both high energy density and power density are deemed to a promising class of miniaturized power sources for wearable and portable microelectron-ics. Nevertheless, the development of NIMSCs are hugely impeded by the low capacity and sluggish Na ion kinetics in the negative electrode.Herein, we demonstrate a novel carbon-coated Nb_(2)O_5 microflower with a hierarchical structure composed of vertically intercrossed and porous nanosheets, boosting Na ion storage performance. The unique structural merits, including uniform carbon coating, ultrathin nanosheets and abun-dant pores, endow the Nb_(2)O_5 microflower with highly reversible Na ion storage capacity of 245 mAh g^(-1) at 0.25 C and excellent rate capability.Benefiting from high capacity and fast charging of Nb_(2)O_5 microflower, the planar NIMSCs consisted of Nb_(2)O_5 negative electrode and activated car-bon positive electrode deliver high areal energy density of 60.7 μWh cm^(-2),considerable voltage window of 3.5 V and extraordinary cyclability. Therefore, this work exploits a structural design strategy towards electrode materials for application in NIMSCs, holding great promise for flexible microelectronics.展开更多
Two-dimension(2D)van der Waals heterojunction holds essential promise in achieving high-performance flexible near-infrared(NIR)photodetector.Here,we report the successful fabrication of ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene base...Two-dimension(2D)van der Waals heterojunction holds essential promise in achieving high-performance flexible near-infrared(NIR)photodetector.Here,we report the successful fabrication of ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene based flexible NIR photodetector array via a facile photolithography technology.The single ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetector exhibited a high light-to-dark current ratio of 4.98,fast response/recovery time(2.5/1.3 s)and excellent stability due to the tight connection between 2D ZnSb nanoplates and 2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoflakes,and the formed 2D van der Waals heterojunction.Thin polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate enables the ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetector withstand bending such that stable photoelectrical properties with non-obvious change were maintained over 5000 bending cycles.Moreover,the ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetectors were integrated into a 26×5 device array,realizing a NIR image sensing application.展开更多
Melamine is one of the most frequently detected adulterants in dairy products.The current study proposes a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)-based analytical tool for fast and reliable screening of melamine in...Melamine is one of the most frequently detected adulterants in dairy products.The current study proposes a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)-based analytical tool for fast and reliable screening of melamine in bovine milk.A hand-held Raman spectrometer was used in conjunction with a substrate composed of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)that was 2D printed onto glass fiber(GF)filter paper.Under optimized conditions,a sensitive and fingerprint-like signal at 674 cm^(-1) was obtained.The AgNPs/GF substrate exhibited high sensitivity to melamine in milk down to 1.9498×10^(-5)mg/mL,which is well below the USA and EU safety limits(2.5×10^(-3)mg/mL).Remarkably,the proposed technology was also highly reproducible,showing spot-to-spot and block-to-block variations below 3.3%and 4.9%at 674 cm^(-1) in Raman intensity,respectively.The characteristic peak intensity and concentration of melamine showed an acceptable linear relationship(R^(2)=0.9909)within the range of 0.0001-1 mg/mL.Overall,the method established in this study can provide an efficient and effective method for the quantitative target screening and detection of melamine in dairy products.展开更多
Sb_(2)Se_(3) with unique one-dimensional(1D) crystal structure exhibits exceptional deformation tolerance,demonstrating great application potential in flexible devices.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of f...Sb_(2)Se_(3) with unique one-dimensional(1D) crystal structure exhibits exceptional deformation tolerance,demonstrating great application potential in flexible devices.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) photovoltaic devices is temporarily limited by the complicated intrinsic defects and the undesirable contact interfaces.Herein,a high-quality Sb_(2)Se_(3) absorber layer with large crystal grains and benign [hkl] growth orientation can be first prepared on a Mo foil substrate.Then NaF intermediate layer is introduced between Mo and Sb_(2)Se_(3),which can further optimize the growth of Sb_(2)Se_(3)thin film.Moreover,positive Na ion diffusion enables it to dramatically lower barrier height at the back contact interface and passivate harmful defects at both bulk and heterojunction.As a result,the champion substrate structured Mo-foil/Mo/NaF/Sb_(2)Se_(3)/CdS/ITO/Ag flexible thin-film solar cell delivers an obviously higher efficiency of 8.03% and a record open-circuit voltage(V_(OC)) of 0.492 V.This flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device also exhibits excellent stability and flexibility to stand large bending radius and multiple bending times,as well as superior weak light photo-response with derived efficiency of 12.60%.This work presents an effective strategy to enhance the flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device performance and expand its potential photovoltaic applications.展开更多
To demonstrate flexible and tandem device applications,a low-temperature Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4)(CZTSe)deposition process,combined with efficient alkali doping,was developed.First,high-quality CZTSe films were grown at 480℃...To demonstrate flexible and tandem device applications,a low-temperature Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4)(CZTSe)deposition process,combined with efficient alkali doping,was developed.First,high-quality CZTSe films were grown at 480℃by a single co-evaporation,which is applicable to polyimide(PI)substrate.Because of the alkali-free substrate,Na and K alkali doping were systematically studied and optimized to precisely control the alkali distribution in CZTSe.The bulk defect density was significantly reduced by suppression of deep acceptor states after the(NaF+KF)PDTs.Through the low-temperature deposition with(NaF+KF)PDTs,the CZTSe device on glass yields the best efficiency of 8.1%with an improved Voc deficit of 646 mV.The developed deposition technologies have been applied to PI.For the first time,we report the highest efficiency of 6.92%for flexible CZTSe solar cells on PI.Additionally,CZTSe devices were utilized as bottom cells to fabricate four-terminal CZTSe/perovskite tandem cells because of a low bandgap of CZTSe(~1.0 eV)so that the tandem cell yielded an efficiency of 20%.The obtained results show that CZTSe solar cells prepared by a low-temperature process with in-situ alkali doping can be utilized for flexible thin-film solar cells as well as tandem device applications.展开更多
Focusing on the low open circuit voltage(V_(OC))and fill factor(FF)in flexible Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)solar cells,indium(In)ions are introduced into the CZTSSe absorbers near Mo foils to modify the back interface...Focusing on the low open circuit voltage(V_(OC))and fill factor(FF)in flexible Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)solar cells,indium(In)ions are introduced into the CZTSSe absorbers near Mo foils to modify the back interface and passivate deep level defects in CZTSSe bulk concurrently for improving the performance of flexible device.The results show that In doping effectively inhibits the formation of secondary phase(Cu(S,Se)_(2))and VSndefects.Further studies demonstrate that the barrier height at the back interface is decreased and the deep level defects(Cu_(Sn)defects)in CZTSSe bulk are passivated.Moreover,the carrier concentration is increased and the V_(OC) deficit(V_(OC,def))is decreased significantly due to In doping.Finally,the flexible CZTSSe solar cell with 10.01%power conversion efficiency(PCE)has been obtained.The synergistic strategy of interface modification and bulk defects passivation through In incorporation provides a new thought for the fabrication of efficient flexible kesterite-based solar cells.展开更多
Flexible polymer-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) offer promising potential for lightweight, cost-effective and versatile photovoltaic applications. However, the critical challenge in their widespread applicat...Flexible polymer-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) offer promising potential for lightweight, cost-effective and versatile photovoltaic applications. However, the critical challenge in their widespread applications is the weak thermal stability of most polymeric substrates, which can only withstand a maximum temperature processing of 150˚C. In this study, a facile and low-cost strategy is proposed to develop at low temperature DSSC flexible photoanode based on a polymeric matrix. Highly porous nanocomposites fibrous mats composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanobars were prepared through an electrospinning process using different configurations (uniaxial electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning, and electrospray-assisted electrospinning). These techniques enabled precise control of the microstructure and the positioning of TiO2 within the composite nanofibers. Therefore, the as-produced photoanodes were loaded with N719 dye and tested in DSSC prototype using iodide-triiodide electrolyte and platinum (Pt) coated counter electrode. The results show that incorporating TiO2 on the fiber surface through the electrospray-assisted electrospinning enhanced the performance of the nanofiber composite, leading to improved dye loading capacity, electron transfer efficiency and photovoltaic performance.展开更多
High power conversion efficiency(PCE)flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)are highly desired power sources for aerospace crafts and flexible electronics.However,their PCEs still lag far behind their rigid counterpart...High power conversion efficiency(PCE)flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)are highly desired power sources for aerospace crafts and flexible electronics.However,their PCEs still lag far behind their rigid counterparts.Herein,we report a high PCE FPSC by controllable growth of a SnO_(2)electron transport layer through constant pH chemical bath deposition(CBD).The application of SnSO_(4)as tin source enables us to perform CBD without strong acid,which in turn makes it applicable to acid-sensitive flexible indium tin oxide.Furthermore,a mild and controllable growth environment leads to uniform particle growth and dense SnO_(2)deposition with full coverage and reproducibility,resulting in a record PCE of up to 25.09%(certified 24.90%)for FPSCs to date.The as-fabricated FPSCs exhibited high durability,maintaining over 90% of their initial PCE after 10000 bending cycles.展开更多
A flexible electrode of nickel diselenide/carbon fiber cloth(NiSe/CFC) is fabricated at room temperature by a simple and efficient electrodeposition method. Owing to NiSecharacter of nanostructure and high conductivit...A flexible electrode of nickel diselenide/carbon fiber cloth(NiSe/CFC) is fabricated at room temperature by a simple and efficient electrodeposition method. Owing to NiSecharacter of nanostructure and high conductivity, the as-synthesized electrodes possess perfect pseudocapacitive property with high specific capacitance and excellent rate capability. In three-electrode system, the electrode specific capacitance of the NiSe/CFC electrode varies from 1058 F gto 996.3 F gat 2 A gto 10 A grespectively, which shows great rate capability. Moreover, the NiSeelectrode is assembled with an active carbon(AC) electrode to form an asymmetric supercapacitor with an extended potential window of 1.6 V. The asymmetric supercapacitor possesses an excellent energy density 32.7 Wh kgwith a power density 800 W kgat the current density of 1 A g. The nanosheet array on carbon fiber cloth with high flexibility, specific capacitance and rate capacitance render the NiSeto be regarded as the promising material for the high performance superconductor.展开更多
MXenes add dozens of metallic conductors to the family of two-dimensional(2D)materials.A top-down synthesis approach removing A-layer atoms(e.g.,Al,Si,and Ga)in MAX phases to produce 2D flakes attaches various surface...MXenes add dozens of metallic conductors to the family of two-dimensional(2D)materials.A top-down synthesis approach removing A-layer atoms(e.g.,Al,Si,and Ga)in MAX phases to produce 2D flakes attaches various surface terminations to MXenes.With these terminations,MXenes show tunable properties,promising a range of applications from energy storage devices to electronics,including sensors,transistors,and antennas.MXenes are also excellent building blocks to create flexible films used for flexible and wearable devices.This article summarizes the synthesis of MXene flakes and highlights aspects that need attention for flexible devices.Rather than listing the development of energy storage devices in detail,we focus on the main challenges of and solutions for constructing high-performance devices.Moreover,we show the applications of MXene films in electronics to call on designs to construct a complete system based on MXene with good flexibility,which consists of a power source,sensors,transistors,and wireless communications.展开更多
CoMn layered double hydroxides(CoMn-LDH)are promising electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their excellent cyclic stability.However,they possess relatively low capacitances.In this work,hybrid CoMn-LDH@M...CoMn layered double hydroxides(CoMn-LDH)are promising electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their excellent cyclic stability.However,they possess relatively low capacitances.In this work,hybrid CoMn-LDH@MnO2 products grown on Ni foams were obtained through a facile hydrothermal method.The as-synthesized samples employed as electrodes deliver a specific capacitance of 2325.01 F g^-1 at 1 A g^-1.An assembled asymmetric supercapacitor using these products as positive electrodes shows a maximum energy density of 59.73 W h kg^-1 at 1000.09 W kg^-1.The prominent electrochemical performance of the as-prepared electrodes could be attributes to hierarchical structures.These findings suggest that hybrid structures might be potential alternatives for future flexible energy storage devices.展开更多
Flexible energy storage devices have played a significant role in multiscenario applications,while flexible zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs),as an essential branch,have developed rapidly in recent years.Three-dimensional(3D)p...Flexible energy storage devices have played a significant role in multiscenario applications,while flexible zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs),as an essential branch,have developed rapidly in recent years.Three-dimensional(3D)printing is an extremely advanced technology to design and modify the structure of batteries and provides unlimited possibilities for the diversified development of energy storage equipment.Herein,by utilizing 3D printing technology,carbon nanotube(CNT)is coated by MnO_(2) to form a flexible CNT@MnO_(2) ink as a cathode for flexible aqueous micro-ZIBs for the first time and zinc powder ink is used as an anode due to its high flexibility and bendability.The Zn//CNT@MnO_(2) flexible battery shows a stable capacity of 63μAh cm^(−2) at 0.4mA cm^(−2).When the battery is bent in different states,the maximum capacity loss compared with the initial value is only 2.72%,indicating its stability.This study shows the potential of 3D printing technology in the development of flexible manganese-based ZIBs.展开更多
Conventional Li-O2 battery is hardly considered as a next-generation flexible electronics thus far,since it is inflexible,bulk,and limited by the absence of the adjustable cell configuration.Here,we report a binder-fr...Conventional Li-O2 battery is hardly considered as a next-generation flexible electronics thus far,since it is inflexible,bulk,and limited by the absence of the adjustable cell configuration.Here,we report a binder-free and flexible electrode of x wt%MoO2 NPs/CTs(x=6,16,and 28).A cell with 16 wt% MoO2 NPs/CTs displays a good cyclability over 240 cycles with a low overpotential of 0.33 V on the 1st cycle at a constant current density of 0.2 mA cm-2,a considerable rate performance,a superior reversibility associated with the desired formation and degradation of Li2O2,and a high electrochemical stability even under stringent bending and twisting conditions.Our work represents a promising progress in the material development and architecture design of O2 electrode for flexible Li-O2 batteries.展开更多
A flexible two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) steering model of multi-axlevehicle (MAV) is presented with considering the effect of frame flexibility based on the classic2-DOF model. A method to calculate the frame flexib...A flexible two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) steering model of multi-axlevehicle (MAV) is presented with considering the effect of frame flexibility based on the classic2-DOF model. A method to calculate the frame flexibility is derived by using three moments equation.The steering stability of MAV is analyzed. The steering performance of MAV is also researched infrequency domain. Simulation results show that the dynamic effects of flexible model are more severethan rigid model and the flexible effect of frame will weaken the steering stability of MAV.Different disposals of steering axles lead to different steering characteristics of MAV. Thein-phase steering mode improves the steering characteristics and stability at high speed. Theanti-phase steering mode increases the steering mobility at low vehicle speed.展开更多
The overall electrochemical performances of Ni-Zn batteries are still far from satisfactory, specifically for rate performance and cycling stability Herein, we demonstrated a high-performance flexible Ni//Zn battery w...The overall electrochemical performances of Ni-Zn batteries are still far from satisfactory, specifically for rate performance and cycling stability Herein, we demonstrated a high-performance flexible Ni//Zn battery with outstanding durability and high power density based on selfsupported NiCo_2 O_4 nanosheets as cathode and Zn nanosheets as anode. This Ni//Zn battery is able to deliver a remarkable capacity of183.1 mAh g^(-1) and a good cycling performance(82.7% capacity retention after 3500 cycles). More importantly, this battery achieves an admirable power density of 49.0 kW kg^(-1) and energy density of 303.8 Wh kg^(-1), substantially higher than most recently reported batteries. With such excellent electrochemical performance, this battery will have great potential as an ultrafast power source in practical application.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20184,52250077,and 52272080)the Jilin Province Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20220201093GX)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiessupported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(2018R1A3B1052702 to JSK)the Starting growth Technological R&D Program(TIPS Program,No.S3201803,2021,MW)funded by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups(MSS,Korea).
文摘The rising flexible and intelligent electronics greatly facilitate the noninvasive and timely tracking of physiological information in telemedicine healthcare.Meticulously building bionic-sensitive moieties is vital for designing efficient electronic skin with advanced cognitive functionalities to pluralistically capture external stimuli.However,realistic mimesis,both in the skin’s three-dimensional interlocked hierarchical structures and synchronous encoding multistimuli information capacities,remains a challenging yet vital need for simplifying the design of flexible logic circuits.Herein,we construct an artificial epidermal device by in situ growing Cu_(3)(HHTP)_(2) particles onto the hollow spherical Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) surface,aiming to concurrently emulate the spinous and granular layers of the skin’s epidermis.The bionic Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@Cu_(3)(HHTP)_(2) exhibits independent NO_(2) and pressure response,as well as novel functionalities such as acoustic signature perception and Morse code-encrypted message communication.Ultimately,a wearable alarming system with a mobile application terminal is self-developed by integrating the bimodular senor into flexible printed circuits.This system can assess risk factors related with asthmatic,such as stimulation of external NO_(2) gas,abnormal expiratory behavior and exertion degrees of fingers,achieving a recognition accuracy of 97.6%as assisted by a machine learning algorithm.Our work provides a feasible routine to develop intelligent multifunctional healthcare equipment for burgeoning transformative telemedicine diagnosis.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants. 22075279, 22279137, 22125903, 22109040)National Key R&D Program of China (Grant 2022YFA1504100)+2 种基金Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents (2019RT09)Dalian National Labo- ratory For Clean Energy (DNL), CAS, DNL Cooperation Fund, CAS (DNL202016, DNL202019), DICP (DICP I2020032)the Joint Fund of the Yulin University and the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (YLU-DNL Fund 2021002, YLU- DNL Fund 2021009)。
文摘Planar Na ion micro-supercapacitors(NIMSCs) that offer both high energy density and power density are deemed to a promising class of miniaturized power sources for wearable and portable microelectron-ics. Nevertheless, the development of NIMSCs are hugely impeded by the low capacity and sluggish Na ion kinetics in the negative electrode.Herein, we demonstrate a novel carbon-coated Nb_(2)O_5 microflower with a hierarchical structure composed of vertically intercrossed and porous nanosheets, boosting Na ion storage performance. The unique structural merits, including uniform carbon coating, ultrathin nanosheets and abun-dant pores, endow the Nb_(2)O_5 microflower with highly reversible Na ion storage capacity of 245 mAh g^(-1) at 0.25 C and excellent rate capability.Benefiting from high capacity and fast charging of Nb_(2)O_5 microflower, the planar NIMSCs consisted of Nb_(2)O_5 negative electrode and activated car-bon positive electrode deliver high areal energy density of 60.7 μWh cm^(-2),considerable voltage window of 3.5 V and extraordinary cyclability. Therefore, this work exploits a structural design strategy towards electrode materials for application in NIMSCs, holding great promise for flexible microelectronics.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51672308,51972025,61888102,and 62004187).
文摘Two-dimension(2D)van der Waals heterojunction holds essential promise in achieving high-performance flexible near-infrared(NIR)photodetector.Here,we report the successful fabrication of ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene based flexible NIR photodetector array via a facile photolithography technology.The single ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetector exhibited a high light-to-dark current ratio of 4.98,fast response/recovery time(2.5/1.3 s)and excellent stability due to the tight connection between 2D ZnSb nanoplates and 2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoflakes,and the formed 2D van der Waals heterojunction.Thin polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate enables the ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetector withstand bending such that stable photoelectrical properties with non-obvious change were maintained over 5000 bending cycles.Moreover,the ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetectors were integrated into a 26×5 device array,realizing a NIR image sensing application.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21804058)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2021-068)+1 种基金Shanxi Agricultural University High-Level Talent Project(2021XG013)Shanxi Postdoc Reward(SXBYKY2022001).
文摘Melamine is one of the most frequently detected adulterants in dairy products.The current study proposes a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)-based analytical tool for fast and reliable screening of melamine in bovine milk.A hand-held Raman spectrometer was used in conjunction with a substrate composed of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)that was 2D printed onto glass fiber(GF)filter paper.Under optimized conditions,a sensitive and fingerprint-like signal at 674 cm^(-1) was obtained.The AgNPs/GF substrate exhibited high sensitivity to melamine in milk down to 1.9498×10^(-5)mg/mL,which is well below the USA and EU safety limits(2.5×10^(-3)mg/mL).Remarkably,the proposed technology was also highly reproducible,showing spot-to-spot and block-to-block variations below 3.3%and 4.9%at 674 cm^(-1) in Raman intensity,respectively.The characteristic peak intensity and concentration of melamine showed an acceptable linear relationship(R^(2)=0.9909)within the range of 0.0001-1 mg/mL.Overall,the method established in this study can provide an efficient and effective method for the quantitative target screening and detection of melamine in dairy products.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62104156,62074102)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Nos.2023A1515011256,2022A1515010979)China+1 种基金Science and Technology plan project of Shenzhen(Grant Nos.20220808165025003,20200812000347001)Chinasupported by the open foundation of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials,State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures,Guangxi University(Grant No.2022GXYSOF13)。
文摘Sb_(2)Se_(3) with unique one-dimensional(1D) crystal structure exhibits exceptional deformation tolerance,demonstrating great application potential in flexible devices.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) photovoltaic devices is temporarily limited by the complicated intrinsic defects and the undesirable contact interfaces.Herein,a high-quality Sb_(2)Se_(3) absorber layer with large crystal grains and benign [hkl] growth orientation can be first prepared on a Mo foil substrate.Then NaF intermediate layer is introduced between Mo and Sb_(2)Se_(3),which can further optimize the growth of Sb_(2)Se_(3)thin film.Moreover,positive Na ion diffusion enables it to dramatically lower barrier height at the back contact interface and passivate harmful defects at both bulk and heterojunction.As a result,the champion substrate structured Mo-foil/Mo/NaF/Sb_(2)Se_(3)/CdS/ITO/Ag flexible thin-film solar cell delivers an obviously higher efficiency of 8.03% and a record open-circuit voltage(V_(OC)) of 0.492 V.This flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device also exhibits excellent stability and flexibility to stand large bending radius and multiple bending times,as well as superior weak light photo-response with derived efficiency of 12.60%.This work presents an effective strategy to enhance the flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device performance and expand its potential photovoltaic applications.
基金financially supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Research(KIER)(grant no.C3-2401,2402,2403)the National Research Foundation(grant no.2022M3J1A1063019)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT
文摘To demonstrate flexible and tandem device applications,a low-temperature Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4)(CZTSe)deposition process,combined with efficient alkali doping,was developed.First,high-quality CZTSe films were grown at 480℃by a single co-evaporation,which is applicable to polyimide(PI)substrate.Because of the alkali-free substrate,Na and K alkali doping were systematically studied and optimized to precisely control the alkali distribution in CZTSe.The bulk defect density was significantly reduced by suppression of deep acceptor states after the(NaF+KF)PDTs.Through the low-temperature deposition with(NaF+KF)PDTs,the CZTSe device on glass yields the best efficiency of 8.1%with an improved Voc deficit of 646 mV.The developed deposition technologies have been applied to PI.For the first time,we report the highest efficiency of 6.92%for flexible CZTSe solar cells on PI.Additionally,CZTSe devices were utilized as bottom cells to fabricate four-terminal CZTSe/perovskite tandem cells because of a low bandgap of CZTSe(~1.0 eV)so that the tandem cell yielded an efficiency of 20%.The obtained results show that CZTSe solar cells prepared by a low-temperature process with in-situ alkali doping can be utilized for flexible thin-film solar cells as well as tandem device applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62074037)the Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province(2020I0006)the Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZZ124)。
文摘Focusing on the low open circuit voltage(V_(OC))and fill factor(FF)in flexible Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)solar cells,indium(In)ions are introduced into the CZTSSe absorbers near Mo foils to modify the back interface and passivate deep level defects in CZTSSe bulk concurrently for improving the performance of flexible device.The results show that In doping effectively inhibits the formation of secondary phase(Cu(S,Se)_(2))and VSndefects.Further studies demonstrate that the barrier height at the back interface is decreased and the deep level defects(Cu_(Sn)defects)in CZTSSe bulk are passivated.Moreover,the carrier concentration is increased and the V_(OC) deficit(V_(OC,def))is decreased significantly due to In doping.Finally,the flexible CZTSSe solar cell with 10.01%power conversion efficiency(PCE)has been obtained.The synergistic strategy of interface modification and bulk defects passivation through In incorporation provides a new thought for the fabrication of efficient flexible kesterite-based solar cells.
文摘Flexible polymer-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) offer promising potential for lightweight, cost-effective and versatile photovoltaic applications. However, the critical challenge in their widespread applications is the weak thermal stability of most polymeric substrates, which can only withstand a maximum temperature processing of 150˚C. In this study, a facile and low-cost strategy is proposed to develop at low temperature DSSC flexible photoanode based on a polymeric matrix. Highly porous nanocomposites fibrous mats composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanobars were prepared through an electrospinning process using different configurations (uniaxial electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning, and electrospray-assisted electrospinning). These techniques enabled precise control of the microstructure and the positioning of TiO2 within the composite nanofibers. Therefore, the as-produced photoanodes were loaded with N719 dye and tested in DSSC prototype using iodide-triiodide electrolyte and platinum (Pt) coated counter electrode. The results show that incorporating TiO2 on the fiber surface through the electrospray-assisted electrospinning enhanced the performance of the nanofiber composite, leading to improved dye loading capacity, electron transfer efficiency and photovoltaic performance.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803304)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23B20153,U23A20138)+5 种基金Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(20221080065,20223080044)Independent Innovative Research Program(ZK20230101)Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment(Nos.SKLD21Z03 and SKLD20M03)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M741888)The Chinese Thousand Talents Program for Young ProfessionalsState Grid Corporation of China,National Bio Energy Co.Ltd.,grant no.52789922000D.
文摘High power conversion efficiency(PCE)flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)are highly desired power sources for aerospace crafts and flexible electronics.However,their PCEs still lag far behind their rigid counterparts.Herein,we report a high PCE FPSC by controllable growth of a SnO_(2)electron transport layer through constant pH chemical bath deposition(CBD).The application of SnSO_(4)as tin source enables us to perform CBD without strong acid,which in turn makes it applicable to acid-sensitive flexible indium tin oxide.Furthermore,a mild and controllable growth environment leads to uniform particle growth and dense SnO_(2)deposition with full coverage and reproducibility,resulting in a record PCE of up to 25.09%(certified 24.90%)for FPSCs to date.The as-fabricated FPSCs exhibited high durability,maintaining over 90% of their initial PCE after 10000 bending cycles.
基金the financial joint support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.91422301,51472094,61474047)
文摘A flexible electrode of nickel diselenide/carbon fiber cloth(NiSe/CFC) is fabricated at room temperature by a simple and efficient electrodeposition method. Owing to NiSecharacter of nanostructure and high conductivity, the as-synthesized electrodes possess perfect pseudocapacitive property with high specific capacitance and excellent rate capability. In three-electrode system, the electrode specific capacitance of the NiSe/CFC electrode varies from 1058 F gto 996.3 F gat 2 A gto 10 A grespectively, which shows great rate capability. Moreover, the NiSeelectrode is assembled with an active carbon(AC) electrode to form an asymmetric supercapacitor with an extended potential window of 1.6 V. The asymmetric supercapacitor possesses an excellent energy density 32.7 Wh kgwith a power density 800 W kgat the current density of 1 A g. The nanosheet array on carbon fiber cloth with high flexibility, specific capacitance and rate capacitance render the NiSeto be regarded as the promising material for the high performance superconductor.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52002247Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Grant/Award Number:ZH 989/2-1Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2019A1515011344。
文摘MXenes add dozens of metallic conductors to the family of two-dimensional(2D)materials.A top-down synthesis approach removing A-layer atoms(e.g.,Al,Si,and Ga)in MAX phases to produce 2D flakes attaches various surface terminations to MXenes.With these terminations,MXenes show tunable properties,promising a range of applications from energy storage devices to electronics,including sensors,transistors,and antennas.MXenes are also excellent building blocks to create flexible films used for flexible and wearable devices.This article summarizes the synthesis of MXene flakes and highlights aspects that need attention for flexible devices.Rather than listing the development of energy storage devices in detail,we focus on the main challenges of and solutions for constructing high-performance devices.Moreover,we show the applications of MXene films in electronics to call on designs to construct a complete system based on MXene with good flexibility,which consists of a power source,sensors,transistors,and wireless communications.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No 30919011410)。
文摘CoMn layered double hydroxides(CoMn-LDH)are promising electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their excellent cyclic stability.However,they possess relatively low capacitances.In this work,hybrid CoMn-LDH@MnO2 products grown on Ni foams were obtained through a facile hydrothermal method.The as-synthesized samples employed as electrodes deliver a specific capacitance of 2325.01 F g^-1 at 1 A g^-1.An assembled asymmetric supercapacitor using these products as positive electrodes shows a maximum energy density of 59.73 W h kg^-1 at 1000.09 W kg^-1.The prominent electrochemical performance of the as-prepared electrodes could be attributes to hierarchical structures.These findings suggest that hybrid structures might be potential alternatives for future flexible energy storage devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071171)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program-Pan Deng Scholars(XLYC1802005)+6 种基金the Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program(LNBQW2018B0048)the Natural Science Fund of Liaoning Province for Excellent Young Scholars(2019-YQ-04)the Key Project of Scientific Research of the Education Department of Liaoning Province(LZD201902)the Foundation for Young Scholars of Liaoning University(a252102001)the Australian Research Council(ARC)Future Fellowship(FT210100298)the CSIRO Energy Centre and Kick-Start Projectthe Victorian Government's support through the provision of a grant from veski-Study Melbourne Research Partnerships(SMRP)project,Shenyang Science and Technology Project(21-108-9-04).
文摘Flexible energy storage devices have played a significant role in multiscenario applications,while flexible zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs),as an essential branch,have developed rapidly in recent years.Three-dimensional(3D)printing is an extremely advanced technology to design and modify the structure of batteries and provides unlimited possibilities for the diversified development of energy storage equipment.Herein,by utilizing 3D printing technology,carbon nanotube(CNT)is coated by MnO_(2) to form a flexible CNT@MnO_(2) ink as a cathode for flexible aqueous micro-ZIBs for the first time and zinc powder ink is used as an anode due to its high flexibility and bendability.The Zn//CNT@MnO_(2) flexible battery shows a stable capacity of 63μAh cm^(−2) at 0.4mA cm^(−2).When the battery is bent in different states,the maximum capacity loss compared with the initial value is only 2.72%,indicating its stability.This study shows the potential of 3D printing technology in the development of flexible manganese-based ZIBs.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFB0100500)Special fund of key technology research and development projects (20180201097GX)(20180201099GX)(20180201096GX),Jilin province science and technology department+5 种基金The R&D Program of power batteries with low temperature and high energy,Science and Technology Bureau of Changchun (19SS013)Key Subject Construction of Physical Chemistry of Northeast Normal UniversityGeneral Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant 2016M601363)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant 2412017QD011)Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program (Grant 20180520143JH)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 21805030)。
文摘Conventional Li-O2 battery is hardly considered as a next-generation flexible electronics thus far,since it is inflexible,bulk,and limited by the absence of the adjustable cell configuration.Here,we report a binder-free and flexible electrode of x wt%MoO2 NPs/CTs(x=6,16,and 28).A cell with 16 wt% MoO2 NPs/CTs displays a good cyclability over 240 cycles with a low overpotential of 0.33 V on the 1st cycle at a constant current density of 0.2 mA cm-2,a considerable rate performance,a superior reversibility associated with the desired formation and degradation of Li2O2,and a high electrochemical stability even under stringent bending and twisting conditions.Our work represents a promising progress in the material development and architecture design of O2 electrode for flexible Li-O2 batteries.
文摘A flexible two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) steering model of multi-axlevehicle (MAV) is presented with considering the effect of frame flexibility based on the classic2-DOF model. A method to calculate the frame flexibility is derived by using three moments equation.The steering stability of MAV is analyzed. The steering performance of MAV is also researched infrequency domain. Simulation results show that the dynamic effects of flexible model are more severethan rigid model and the flexible effect of frame will weaken the steering stability of MAV.Different disposals of steering axles lead to different steering characteristics of MAV. Thein-phase steering mode improves the steering characteristics and stability at high speed. Theanti-phase steering mode increases the steering mobility at low vehicle speed.
基金supported by the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (2014A030306048)National Natural Science Foundation of China (21403306)+3 种基金Tip-top Scientific and Technical Innovative Youth Talents of Guangdong Special Support Program (2015TQO1C205)Pearl River Nova Program of Guangzhou (201610010080)Open Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion (MTEC-2015M05)Training Program of Scientific and Technological Innovation for Undergraduates (pdjh2017a0003)
文摘The overall electrochemical performances of Ni-Zn batteries are still far from satisfactory, specifically for rate performance and cycling stability Herein, we demonstrated a high-performance flexible Ni//Zn battery with outstanding durability and high power density based on selfsupported NiCo_2 O_4 nanosheets as cathode and Zn nanosheets as anode. This Ni//Zn battery is able to deliver a remarkable capacity of183.1 mAh g^(-1) and a good cycling performance(82.7% capacity retention after 3500 cycles). More importantly, this battery achieves an admirable power density of 49.0 kW kg^(-1) and energy density of 303.8 Wh kg^(-1), substantially higher than most recently reported batteries. With such excellent electrochemical performance, this battery will have great potential as an ultrafast power source in practical application.
