Geomagnetic observatory data are crucial for all branches of geophysics because they can contribute to earthquake research by detecting anomalies in the Earth’s magnetic field.Recently,data records from the Misallat(...Geomagnetic observatory data are crucial for all branches of geophysics because they can contribute to earthquake research by detecting anomalies in the Earth’s magnetic field.Recently,data records from the Misallat(MLT)and Abu Simbel(ABS)Egyptian geomagnetic observatories were processed and found to be of good quality.In this study,Egyptian observatory data were tested during both quiet and disturbed events and compared with data from INTERMAGNET observatories worldwide at different latitudes and within a narrow range of longitudes in both hemispheres.This study investigated the relationships between magnetic field components from Egyptian observatories and those from INTERMAGNET observatories using graphical representations of the X components;Pearson’s correlation for the X,Y,Z,and F components;cross-correlation for the X component;and wavelet coherence for the F component.The results of this study showed a high correlation between Egyptian observatories and all utilized INTERMAGNET stations,except those located at high latitudes,during both quiet and disturbed events.Additionally,the study confirmed the observed consistency between Egyptian observatories and selected INTERMAGNET stations.Therefore,Egyptian observatories can feasibly fill the gap in the Middle East and North Africa.展开更多
Quanto options allow the buyer to exchange the foreign currency payoff into the domestic currency at a fixed exchange rate. We investigate quanto options with multiple underlying assets valued in different foreign cur...Quanto options allow the buyer to exchange the foreign currency payoff into the domestic currency at a fixed exchange rate. We investigate quanto options with multiple underlying assets valued in different foreign currencies each with a different strike price in the payoff function. We carry out a comparative performance analysis of different stochastic volatility (SV), stochastic correlation (SC), and stochastic exchange rate (SER) models to determine the best combination of these models for Monte Carlo (MC) simulation pricing. In addition, we test the performance of all model variants with constant correlation as a benchmark. We find that a combination of GARCH-Jump SV, Weibull SC, and Ornstein Uhlenbeck (OU) SER performs best. In addition, we analyze different discretization schemes and their results. In our simulations, the Milstein scheme yields the best balance between execution times and lower standard deviations of price estimates. Furthermore, we find that incorporating mean reversion into stochastic correlation and stochastic FX rate modeling is beneficial for MC simulation pricing. We improve the accuracy of our simulations by implementing antithetic variates variance reduction. Finally, we derive the correlation risk parameters Cora and Gora in our framework so that correlation hedging of quanto options can be performed.展开更多
Ten physical and environmental variables collected from an on-the-go soil sensor at two field sites (MF3E and MF11S) in Mississippi, USA, were analyzed to assess soil variability and the interrelationships among the m...Ten physical and environmental variables collected from an on-the-go soil sensor at two field sites (MF3E and MF11S) in Mississippi, USA, were analyzed to assess soil variability and the interrelationships among the measurements. At MF3E, moderate variability was observed in apparent electrical conductivity shallow (ECas), slope, and ECa ratio measurements, with coefficients of variation ranging from 20% to 27%. In contrast, MF11S exhibited higher variability, particularly in ECas and ECad (deep) measurements, which exceeded 30% in their coefficient of variation values, indicating significant differences in soil composition and moisture content. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between the near-infrared-to-red ratio and red reflectance (r = 0.897***) soil values at MF3E. MF11S demonstrated a strong negative correlation between ECas and ECad readings with the x-coordinate (r ***). Scatter plots and fitted models illustrated the complexity of relationships, with many showing nonlinear trends. These findings emphasize the need for continuous monitoring and advanced modeling to understand the dynamic nature of soil properties and their implications for agricultural practices. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms driving variability in the soil characteristics to enhance soil management strategies at the study sites.展开更多
Background: The use of assisted reproductive technique (ART) is becoming more common in infertility. During ART most patients undergo ovarian stimulation. In this study we study the correlation between ovarian reserve...Background: The use of assisted reproductive technique (ART) is becoming more common in infertility. During ART most patients undergo ovarian stimulation. In this study we study the correlation between ovarian reserve markers: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC), and the response to ovarian stimulation at in vitro fertilization (IVF) centres in Douala Cameroon. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional sectional analytic study carried out over a period of 3 years, 4 months at Clinique de l’Aéroport, Clinique Odyssée and Clinique Urogyn. Inclusion criteria were: Female partners of infertile couples undergoing ovarian stimulation for an in vitro fertilization cycle, patients who had both ovaries and had done either AMH, AFC or both before ovarian stimulation. Patients were divided into three groups based on the number of oocytes retrieved: low ovarian response for ≤3 oocytes, normal ovarian response for 4 - 15 oocytes and high ovarian response for >15 oocytes. Data obtained was analyzed by SPSS version 25.0. Results: The ages of participants ranged from 20 - 4 7 years, with a mean age of 34.11 ± 5.11 years. Most of them had secondary infertility (57.9%). The GnRH antagonist protocol was mainly used, and ovulation was triggered using HCG predominantly. On Multivariate analysis, age and history of PCOS were significantly associated with ovarian response in the low and high ovarian response groups, respectively. Conclusion: AMH has a better predictive value than AFC, however, it is less sensitive but more specific than AFC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Previous cellular studies have demonstrated that elevated expression of Cx43 promotes the degradation of cyclin E1 and inhibits cell proliferation through ubiquitination.Conversely,reduced expression result...BACKGROUND Previous cellular studies have demonstrated that elevated expression of Cx43 promotes the degradation of cyclin E1 and inhibits cell proliferation through ubiquitination.Conversely,reduced expression results in a loss of this capacity to facilitate cyclin E degradation.The ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin E1 may be associated with phosphorylation at specific sites on the protein,with Cx43 potentially enhancing this process by facilitating the phosphorylation of these critical residues.AIM To investigate the correlation between expression of Cx43,SKP1/Cullin1/F-box(SCF)FBXW7,p-cyclin E1(ser73,thr77,thr395)and clinicopathological indexes in colon cancer.METHODS Expression levels of Cx43,SCF^(FBXW7),p-cyclin E1(ser73,thr77,thr395)in 38 clinical colon cancer samples were detected by immunohistochemistry and were analyzed by statistical methods to discuss their correlations.RESULTS Positive rate of Cx43,SCF^(FBXW7),p-cyclin E1(Ser73),p-cyclin E1(Thr77)and p-cyclin E1(Thr395)in detected samples were 76.32%,76.32%,65.79%,5.26%and 55.26%respectively.Positive expressions of these proteins were not related to the tissue type,degree of tissue differentiation or lymph node metastasis.Cx43 and SCF^(FBXW7)(r=0.749),p-cyclin E1(Ser73)(r=0.667)and p-cyclin E1(Thr395)(r=0.457),SCF^(FBXW7) and p-cyclin E1(Ser73)(r=0.703)and p-cyclin E1(Thr395)(0.415)were correlated in colon cancer(P<0.05),and expressions of the above proteins were positively correlated in colon cancer.CONCLUSION Cx43 may facilitate the phosphorylation of cyclin E1 at the Ser73 and Thr195 sites through its interaction with SCF^(FBXW7),thereby influencing the ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin E1.展开更多
Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES), is a rare and self-limiting condition characterized by localized bone pain and transient marrow edema visible on MRI. BMES has been increasingly associated with specific cutaneous ma...Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES), is a rare and self-limiting condition characterized by localized bone pain and transient marrow edema visible on MRI. BMES has been increasingly associated with specific cutaneous manifestations that may hold diagnostic and prognostic significance. Patients with BMES have reported localized erythema, dermal thickening, and induration overlying the affected joints, which are hypothesized to reflect microvascular compromise and inflammatory processes within the bone and adjacent soft tissues. Dermatologic signs are likely linked to regional hyperemia, venous stasis, and cytokine-mediated inflammation, paralleling the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying intraosseous edema. Elevated intraosseous pressure in BMES may disrupt local perfusion, resulting in ischemia-reperfusion injury and subsequent vascular leakage, which manifests in visible cutaneous changes. Pro-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1β and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), central to BMES pathogenesis, may exacerbate endothelial activation, and dermal involvement. Histopathologic studies of affected skin have revealed perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and increased dermal vascularity, further supporting the theory of a shared ischemic and inflammatory pathway between bone and skin. Although MRI remains the gold standard for BMES diagnosis, recognition of these cutaneous manifestations could expedite orthopedic referral and intervention, especially in cases where imaging is delayed or symptoms are ambiguous. Current treatment options, including bisphosphonates, prostacyclin analogs, and offloading of weight bearing, may benefit from integration with dermatologic strategies to alleviate localized cutaneous symptoms and improve patient comfort. Evaluating the molecular and vascular links between BMES and its cutaneous manifestations provides an opportunity to refine diagnostic protocols and therapeutic approaches, offering a comprehensive understanding of the systemic interplay between dermal and skeletal pathophysiology, and optimizing clinical outcomes for patients affected by BMES.展开更多
For non-stationary complex dynamic systems,a standardized algorithm is developed to compute time correlation functions,addressing the limitations of traditional methods reliant on the stationary assumption.The propose...For non-stationary complex dynamic systems,a standardized algorithm is developed to compute time correlation functions,addressing the limitations of traditional methods reliant on the stationary assumption.The proposed algorithm integrates two-point and multi-point time correlation functions into a unified framework.Further,it is verified by a practical application in complex financial systems,demonstrating its potential in various complex dynamic systems.展开更多
Methane in-situ explosive fracturing technology produces shale debris particles within fracture channels,enabling a self-propping effect that enhances the fracture network conductivity and long-term stability.This stu...Methane in-situ explosive fracturing technology produces shale debris particles within fracture channels,enabling a self-propping effect that enhances the fracture network conductivity and long-term stability.This study employs X-ray computed tomography(CT)and digital volume correlation(DVC)to investigate the microstructural evolution and hydromechanical responses of shale self-propped fracture under varying confining pressures,highlighting the critical role of shale particles in maintaining fracture conductivity.Results indicate that the fracture aperture in the self-propped sample is significantly larger than in the unpropped sample throughout the loading process,with shale particles tending to crush rather than embedded into the matrix,thus maintaining flow pathways.As confining pressure increases,contact areas between fracture surfaces and particles expand,enhancing the system's stability and compressive resistance.Geometric analyses show flow paths becoming increasingly concentrated and branched under high stress.This resulted in a significant reduction in connectivity,restricting fracture permeability and amplifying the nonlinear gas flow behavior.This study introduces a permeability-strain recovery zone and a novel sensitivity parameter m,delineating stress sensitivity boundaries for permeability and normal strain,with m-value increasing with stress,revealing four characteristic regions.These findings offer theoretical support for optimizing fracturing techniques to enhance resource extraction efficiency.展开更多
Patterns and drivers of species–genetic diversity correlations(SGDCs)have been broadly examined across taxa and ecosystems and greatly deepen our understanding of how biodiversity is maintained.However,few studies ha...Patterns and drivers of species–genetic diversity correlations(SGDCs)have been broadly examined across taxa and ecosystems and greatly deepen our understanding of how biodiversity is maintained.However,few studies have examined the role of canopy structural heterogeneity,which is a defining feature of forests,in shaping SGDCs.Here,we determine what factors contribute toα-andβ-species–genetic diversity correlations(i.e.,α-andβ-SGDCs)in a Chinese subtropical forest.For this purpose,we used neutral molecular markers to assess genetic variation in almost all adult individuals of the dominant tree species,Lithocarpus xylocarpus,across plots in the Ailaoshan National Natural Reserve.We also quantified microhabitat variation by quantifying canopy structure heterogeneity with airborne laser scanning on 201-ha subtropical forest plots.We found that speciesα-diversity was negatively correlated with geneticα-diversity.Canopy structural heterogeneity was positively correlated with speciesα-diversity but negatively correlated with geneticα-diversity.These contrasting effects contributed to the formation of a negativeα-SGDC.Further,we found that canopy structural heterogeneity increases speciesα-diversity and decreases geneticα-diversity by reducing the population size of target species.Speciesβ-diversity,in contrast,was positively correlated with geneticβ-diversity.Differences in canopy structural heterogeneity between plots had non-linear parallel effects on the two levels ofβ-diversity,while geographic distance had a relatively weak effect onβ-SGDC.Our study indicates that canopy structural heterogeneity simultaneously affects plot-level community species diversity and population genetic diversity,and species and genetic turnover across plots,thus drivingα-andβ-SGDCs.展开更多
This paper introduces a novel approach for parameter sensitivity evaluation and efficient slope reliability analysis based on quantile-based first-order second-moment method(QFOSM).The core principles of the QFOSM are...This paper introduces a novel approach for parameter sensitivity evaluation and efficient slope reliability analysis based on quantile-based first-order second-moment method(QFOSM).The core principles of the QFOSM are elucidated geometrically from the perspective of expanding ellipsoids.Based on this geometric interpretation,the QFOSM is further extended to estimate sensitivity indices and assess the significance of various uncertain parameters involved in the slope system.The proposed method has the advantage of computational simplicity,akin to the conventional first-order second-moment method(FOSM),while providing estimation accuracy close to that of the first-order reliability method(FORM).Its performance is demonstrated with a numerical example and three slope examples.The results show that the proposed method can efficiently estimate the slope reliability and simultaneously evaluate the sensitivity of the uncertain parameters.The proposed method does not involve complex optimization or iteration required by the FORM.It can provide a valuable complement to the existing approximate reliability analysis methods,offering rapid sensitivity evaluation and slope reliability analysis.展开更多
Investigating natural-inspired applications is a perennially appealing subject for scientists. The current increase in the speed of natural-origin structure growth may be linked to their superior mechanical properties...Investigating natural-inspired applications is a perennially appealing subject for scientists. The current increase in the speed of natural-origin structure growth may be linked to their superior mechanical properties and environmental resilience. Biological composite structures with helicoidal schemes and designs have remarkable capacities to absorb impact energy and withstand damage. However, there is a dearth of extensive study on the influence of fiber redirection and reorientation inside the matrix of a helicoid structure on its mechanical performance and reactivity. The present study aimed to explore the static and transient responses of a bio-inspired helicoid laminated composite(B-iHLC) shell under the influence of an explosive load using an isomorphic method. The structural integrity of the shell is maintained by a viscoelastic basis known as the Pasternak foundation, which encompasses two coefficients of stiffness and one coefficient of damping. The equilibrium equations governing shell dynamics are obtained by using Hamilton's principle and including the modified first-order shear theory,therefore obviating the need to employ a shear correction factor. The paper's model and approach are validated by doing numerical comparisons with respected publications. The findings of this study may be used in the construction of military and civilian infrastructure in situations when the structure is subjected to severe stresses that might potentially result in catastrophic collapse. The findings of this paper serve as the foundation for several other issues, including geometric optimization and the dynamic response of similar mechanical structures.展开更多
Low Earth Orbit(LEO)multibeam satellites will be widely used in the next generation of satellite communication systems,whose inter-beam interference will inevitably limit the performance of the whole system.Nonlinear ...Low Earth Orbit(LEO)multibeam satellites will be widely used in the next generation of satellite communication systems,whose inter-beam interference will inevitably limit the performance of the whole system.Nonlinear precoding such as Tomlinson-Harashima precoding(THP)algorithm has been proved to be a promising technology to solve this problem,which has smaller noise amplification effect compared with linear precoding.However,the similarity of different user channels(defined as channel correlation)will degrade the performance of THP algorithm.In this paper,we qualitatively analyze the inter-beam interference in the whole process of LEO satellite over a specific coverage area,and the impact of channel correlation on Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)of receivers when THP is applied.One user grouping algorithm is proposed based on the analysis of channel correlation,which could decrease the number of users with high channel correlation in each precoding group,thus improve the performance of THP.Furthermore,our algorithm is designed under the premise of co-frequency deployment and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM),which leads to more users under severe inter-beam interference compared to the existing research on geostationary orbit satellites broadcasting systems.Simulation results show that the proposed user grouping algorithm possesses higher channel capacity and better bit error rate(BER)performance in high SNR conditions relative to existing works.展开更多
AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy subjects.METHODS:Thir ty-thre...AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy subjects.METHODS:Thir ty-three healthy subjects were enrolled.The ONH of both eyes were imaged four times by a swept-source-OCTA using a 3 mm×3 mm scanning protocol.Images of the radial peripapillary capillary were analyzed by a customized Matlab program,and the vessel density,fractal dimension,and vessel diameter index were measured.The repeatability of the four scans was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).The most well-centered optic disc from the four repeated scans was then selected for the interocular correlation and agreement analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient,ICC and Bland-Altman plots.RESULTS:All swept-source-OCTA ONH parameters exhibited certain repeatability,with ICC>0.760 and coefficient of variation(CoV)≤7.301%.The obvious interocular correlation was observed for papillary vessel density(ICC=0.857),vessel diameter index(ICC=0.857)and fractal dimension(ICC=0.906),while circumpapillary vessel density exhibited moderate interocular correlation(ICC=0.687).Bland-Altman plots revealed an agreement range of-5.26%to 6.21%for circumpapillary vessel density.CONCLUSION:OCTA ONH parameters demonstrate good repeatability in healthy subjects.The interocular correlations of papillary vessel density,fractal dimension and vessel diameter index are high,but the correlation for circumpapillary vessel density is moderate.展开更多
With the improvement of equipment reliability,human factors have become the most uncertain part in the system.The standardized Plant Analysis of Risk-Human Reliability Analysis(SPAR-H)method is a reliable method in th...With the improvement of equipment reliability,human factors have become the most uncertain part in the system.The standardized Plant Analysis of Risk-Human Reliability Analysis(SPAR-H)method is a reliable method in the field of human reliability analysis(HRA)to evaluate human reliability and assess risk in large complex systems.However,the classical SPAR-H method does not consider the dependencies among performance shaping factors(PSFs),whichmay cause overestimation or underestimation of the risk of the actual situation.To address this issue,this paper proposes a new method to deal with the dependencies among PSFs in SPAR-H based on the Pearson correlation coefficient.First,the dependence between every two PSFs is measured by the Pearson correlation coefficient.Second,the weights of the PSFs are obtained by considering the total dependence degree.Finally,PSFs’multipliers are modified based on the weights of corresponding PSFs,and then used in the calculating of human error probability(HEP).A case study is used to illustrate the procedure and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Flaxseed lignan macromolecules(FLM)are a class of important secondary metabolites in fl axseed,which have been widely concerned due to their biological and pharmacological properties,especially for their antioxidative...Flaxseed lignan macromolecules(FLM)are a class of important secondary metabolites in fl axseed,which have been widely concerned due to their biological and pharmacological properties,especially for their antioxidative activity.For the composition and structure of FLM,our results confirmed that ferulic acid glycoside(FerAG)was directly ester-linked with herbacetin diglucoside(HDG)or pinoresinol diglucoside(PDG),which might determine the beginning of FLM biosynthesis.Additionally,p-coumaric acid glycoside(CouAG)might determine the end of chain extension during FLM synthesis in fl axseed.FLM exhibited higher antioxidative activity in polar systems,as shown by its superior 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging capacity compared to the 2,2’-azinobis(3-ehtylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfnic acid)(ABTS)cation free radical scavenging capacity in non-polar systems.Moreover,the antioxidative activity of FLM was found to be highly dependent on its composition and structure.In particular,it was positively correlated with the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups(longer FLM chains)and inversely related to the steric hindrance at the ends(lower levels of FerAG and CouAG).These fi ndings verifi ed the potential application of FLM in nonpolar systems,particularly in functional food emulsions。展开更多
The first results of investigation of the turbulence structure using Doppler backscattering(DBS)on the Globus-M2 tokamak are presented.A one-channel DBS system with a variable probing frequency within the 18–26 GHz r...The first results of investigation of the turbulence structure using Doppler backscattering(DBS)on the Globus-M2 tokamak are presented.A one-channel DBS system with a variable probing frequency within the 18–26 GHz range was installed to investigate the edge plasma at normalized minor radiiρ=0.9–1.1.Radial correlation Doppler reflectometry was used to study the changes in turbulence eddies after the LH transition.Correlation analysis was applied to the phase derivative of complex in-phase and quadrature(IQ)signals of the DBS diagnostic as it contains information about the poloidal plasma rotation velocity.In L-mode,the radial correlation length L_(r)is estimated to be 3 cm and after transition to H-mode reduces to approximately 2 cm.Gyrokinetic modelling in a linear local approximation using code GENE indicates that the instability with positive growth rate at the normalized minor radiusρ=0.75 in L-mode and H-mode on Globus-M2 was the ion temperature gradient(ITG)mode.展开更多
Fusing hand-based features in multi-modal biometric recognition enhances anti-spoofing capabilities.Additionally,it leverages inter-modal correlation to enhance recognition performance.Concurrently,the robustness and ...Fusing hand-based features in multi-modal biometric recognition enhances anti-spoofing capabilities.Additionally,it leverages inter-modal correlation to enhance recognition performance.Concurrently,the robustness and recognition performance of the system can be enhanced through judiciously leveraging the correlation among multimodal features.Nevertheless,two issues persist in multi-modal feature fusion recognition:Firstly,the enhancement of recognition performance in fusion recognition has not comprehensively considered the inter-modality correlations among distinct modalities.Secondly,during modal fusion,improper weight selection diminishes the salience of crucial modal features,thereby diminishing the overall recognition performance.To address these two issues,we introduce an enhanced DenseNet multimodal recognition network founded on feature-level fusion.The information from the three modalities is fused akin to RGB,and the input network augments the correlation between modes through channel correlation.Within the enhanced DenseNet network,the Efficient Channel Attention Network(ECA-Net)dynamically adjusts the weight of each channel to amplify the salience of crucial information in each modal feature.Depthwise separable convolution markedly reduces the training parameters and further enhances the feature correlation.Experimental evaluations were conducted on four multimodal databases,comprising six unimodal databases,including multispectral palmprint and palm vein databases from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The Equal Error Rates(EER)values were 0.0149%,0.0150%,0.0099%,and 0.0050%,correspondingly.In comparison to other network methods for palmprint,palm vein,and finger vein fusion recognition,this approach substantially enhances recognition performance,rendering it suitable for high-security environments with practical applicability.The experiments in this article utilized amodest sample database comprising 200 individuals.The subsequent phase involves preparing for the extension of the method to larger databases.展开更多
Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridyna...Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridynamic differential operator(EE–PDDO)was obtained for solving the one-dimensional population balance equation in crystallization.Four different conditions during crystallization were studied:size-independent growth,sizedependent growth in a batch process,nucleation and size-independent growth,and nucleation and size-dependent growth in a continuous process.The high accuracy of the EE–PDDO method was confirmed by comparing it with the numerical results obtained using the second-order upwind and HR-van methods.The method is characterized by non-oscillation and high accuracy,especially in the discontinuous and sharp crystal size distribution.The stability of the EE–PDDO method,choice of weight function in the PDDO method,and optimal time step are also discussed.展开更多
Background: Submucosal myomas can be responsible for abnormal bleeding, spontaneous abortions or even infertility. Objectives: This study aimed to study the correlation between the diagnosis and classification of subm...Background: Submucosal myomas can be responsible for abnormal bleeding, spontaneous abortions or even infertility. Objectives: This study aimed to study the correlation between the diagnosis and classification of submucosal fibroids at hysterosonography and at hysteroscopy at Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital (CHRACERH), Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methodology: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. Included were the files of patients in whom a hysteroscopy for uterine cavity evaluation was done from the 1st of January 2020 to the 31st of July 2022. The data collected were analysed using SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel 2013. Hysterosonographic findings were compared to those of hysteroscopy using Cohen’s kappa inter-observer agreement test. Results: A total of 104 women had available hysterosonography results prior to diagnostic hysteroscopy. The ages of the participants ranged from 26 to 65 years with a mean age of 39.92 ± 7.02 years. A total of 69 submucosal fibroids were identified at hysterosonography and 47 (68.1%) were found at hysteroscopy. There was agreement between the two methods in 13/17 (76.5%) cases of FIGO 0 fibroids, 21/30 (70.0%) of FIGO 1 fibroids and 13/22 (59.1%) of FIGO 2 fibroids. The overall agreement was moderate with a kappa coefficient of 0.478 (p Conclusion: The results present hysteroscopy as the gold standard for the diagnosis of submucosal myomas, but clinicians need to recognize utility of hysterosonography in certain situations.展开更多
In nuclear collisions at RHIC energies, an excess of Ω hyperons over ■ is observed, indicating that Ω has a net baryon number despite s and s quarks being produced in pairs. The baryon number in Ω may have been tr...In nuclear collisions at RHIC energies, an excess of Ω hyperons over ■ is observed, indicating that Ω has a net baryon number despite s and s quarks being produced in pairs. The baryon number in Ω may have been transported from the incident nuclei and/or produced in the baryon-pair production of Ω with other types of anti-hyperons such as Ξ. To investigate these two scenarios, we propose to measure the correlations between Ω and K and between Ω and anti-hyperons. We use two versions, the default and string-melting, of a multiphase transport(AMPT) model to illustrate the method for measuring the correlation and to demonstrate the general shape of the correlation. We present the Ω-hadron correlations from simulated Au+Au collisions at ■ =7.7 and 14.6 Ge V and discuss the dependence on the collision energy and on the hadronization scheme in these two AMPT versions. These correlations can be used to explore the mechanism of baryon number transport and the effects of baryon number and strangeness conservation on nuclear collisions.展开更多
文摘Geomagnetic observatory data are crucial for all branches of geophysics because they can contribute to earthquake research by detecting anomalies in the Earth’s magnetic field.Recently,data records from the Misallat(MLT)and Abu Simbel(ABS)Egyptian geomagnetic observatories were processed and found to be of good quality.In this study,Egyptian observatory data were tested during both quiet and disturbed events and compared with data from INTERMAGNET observatories worldwide at different latitudes and within a narrow range of longitudes in both hemispheres.This study investigated the relationships between magnetic field components from Egyptian observatories and those from INTERMAGNET observatories using graphical representations of the X components;Pearson’s correlation for the X,Y,Z,and F components;cross-correlation for the X component;and wavelet coherence for the F component.The results of this study showed a high correlation between Egyptian observatories and all utilized INTERMAGNET stations,except those located at high latitudes,during both quiet and disturbed events.Additionally,the study confirmed the observed consistency between Egyptian observatories and selected INTERMAGNET stations.Therefore,Egyptian observatories can feasibly fill the gap in the Middle East and North Africa.
文摘Quanto options allow the buyer to exchange the foreign currency payoff into the domestic currency at a fixed exchange rate. We investigate quanto options with multiple underlying assets valued in different foreign currencies each with a different strike price in the payoff function. We carry out a comparative performance analysis of different stochastic volatility (SV), stochastic correlation (SC), and stochastic exchange rate (SER) models to determine the best combination of these models for Monte Carlo (MC) simulation pricing. In addition, we test the performance of all model variants with constant correlation as a benchmark. We find that a combination of GARCH-Jump SV, Weibull SC, and Ornstein Uhlenbeck (OU) SER performs best. In addition, we analyze different discretization schemes and their results. In our simulations, the Milstein scheme yields the best balance between execution times and lower standard deviations of price estimates. Furthermore, we find that incorporating mean reversion into stochastic correlation and stochastic FX rate modeling is beneficial for MC simulation pricing. We improve the accuracy of our simulations by implementing antithetic variates variance reduction. Finally, we derive the correlation risk parameters Cora and Gora in our framework so that correlation hedging of quanto options can be performed.
文摘Ten physical and environmental variables collected from an on-the-go soil sensor at two field sites (MF3E and MF11S) in Mississippi, USA, were analyzed to assess soil variability and the interrelationships among the measurements. At MF3E, moderate variability was observed in apparent electrical conductivity shallow (ECas), slope, and ECa ratio measurements, with coefficients of variation ranging from 20% to 27%. In contrast, MF11S exhibited higher variability, particularly in ECas and ECad (deep) measurements, which exceeded 30% in their coefficient of variation values, indicating significant differences in soil composition and moisture content. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between the near-infrared-to-red ratio and red reflectance (r = 0.897***) soil values at MF3E. MF11S demonstrated a strong negative correlation between ECas and ECad readings with the x-coordinate (r ***). Scatter plots and fitted models illustrated the complexity of relationships, with many showing nonlinear trends. These findings emphasize the need for continuous monitoring and advanced modeling to understand the dynamic nature of soil properties and their implications for agricultural practices. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms driving variability in the soil characteristics to enhance soil management strategies at the study sites.
文摘Background: The use of assisted reproductive technique (ART) is becoming more common in infertility. During ART most patients undergo ovarian stimulation. In this study we study the correlation between ovarian reserve markers: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC), and the response to ovarian stimulation at in vitro fertilization (IVF) centres in Douala Cameroon. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional sectional analytic study carried out over a period of 3 years, 4 months at Clinique de l’Aéroport, Clinique Odyssée and Clinique Urogyn. Inclusion criteria were: Female partners of infertile couples undergoing ovarian stimulation for an in vitro fertilization cycle, patients who had both ovaries and had done either AMH, AFC or both before ovarian stimulation. Patients were divided into three groups based on the number of oocytes retrieved: low ovarian response for ≤3 oocytes, normal ovarian response for 4 - 15 oocytes and high ovarian response for >15 oocytes. Data obtained was analyzed by SPSS version 25.0. Results: The ages of participants ranged from 20 - 4 7 years, with a mean age of 34.11 ± 5.11 years. Most of them had secondary infertility (57.9%). The GnRH antagonist protocol was mainly used, and ovulation was triggered using HCG predominantly. On Multivariate analysis, age and history of PCOS were significantly associated with ovarian response in the low and high ovarian response groups, respectively. Conclusion: AMH has a better predictive value than AFC, however, it is less sensitive but more specific than AFC.
基金Supported by Innovative Practice Platform for Undergraduate Students,School of Public Health Xiamen University,No.2021001.
文摘BACKGROUND Previous cellular studies have demonstrated that elevated expression of Cx43 promotes the degradation of cyclin E1 and inhibits cell proliferation through ubiquitination.Conversely,reduced expression results in a loss of this capacity to facilitate cyclin E degradation.The ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin E1 may be associated with phosphorylation at specific sites on the protein,with Cx43 potentially enhancing this process by facilitating the phosphorylation of these critical residues.AIM To investigate the correlation between expression of Cx43,SKP1/Cullin1/F-box(SCF)FBXW7,p-cyclin E1(ser73,thr77,thr395)and clinicopathological indexes in colon cancer.METHODS Expression levels of Cx43,SCF^(FBXW7),p-cyclin E1(ser73,thr77,thr395)in 38 clinical colon cancer samples were detected by immunohistochemistry and were analyzed by statistical methods to discuss their correlations.RESULTS Positive rate of Cx43,SCF^(FBXW7),p-cyclin E1(Ser73),p-cyclin E1(Thr77)and p-cyclin E1(Thr395)in detected samples were 76.32%,76.32%,65.79%,5.26%and 55.26%respectively.Positive expressions of these proteins were not related to the tissue type,degree of tissue differentiation or lymph node metastasis.Cx43 and SCF^(FBXW7)(r=0.749),p-cyclin E1(Ser73)(r=0.667)and p-cyclin E1(Thr395)(r=0.457),SCF^(FBXW7) and p-cyclin E1(Ser73)(r=0.703)and p-cyclin E1(Thr395)(0.415)were correlated in colon cancer(P<0.05),and expressions of the above proteins were positively correlated in colon cancer.CONCLUSION Cx43 may facilitate the phosphorylation of cyclin E1 at the Ser73 and Thr195 sites through its interaction with SCF^(FBXW7),thereby influencing the ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin E1.
文摘Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES), is a rare and self-limiting condition characterized by localized bone pain and transient marrow edema visible on MRI. BMES has been increasingly associated with specific cutaneous manifestations that may hold diagnostic and prognostic significance. Patients with BMES have reported localized erythema, dermal thickening, and induration overlying the affected joints, which are hypothesized to reflect microvascular compromise and inflammatory processes within the bone and adjacent soft tissues. Dermatologic signs are likely linked to regional hyperemia, venous stasis, and cytokine-mediated inflammation, paralleling the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying intraosseous edema. Elevated intraosseous pressure in BMES may disrupt local perfusion, resulting in ischemia-reperfusion injury and subsequent vascular leakage, which manifests in visible cutaneous changes. Pro-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1β and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), central to BMES pathogenesis, may exacerbate endothelial activation, and dermal involvement. Histopathologic studies of affected skin have revealed perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and increased dermal vascularity, further supporting the theory of a shared ischemic and inflammatory pathway between bone and skin. Although MRI remains the gold standard for BMES diagnosis, recognition of these cutaneous manifestations could expedite orthopedic referral and intervention, especially in cases where imaging is delayed or symptoms are ambiguous. Current treatment options, including bisphosphonates, prostacyclin analogs, and offloading of weight bearing, may benefit from integration with dermatologic strategies to alleviate localized cutaneous symptoms and improve patient comfort. Evaluating the molecular and vascular links between BMES and its cutaneous manifestations provides an opportunity to refine diagnostic protocols and therapeutic approaches, offering a comprehensive understanding of the systemic interplay between dermal and skeletal pathophysiology, and optimizing clinical outcomes for patients affected by BMES.
基金Project supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.GZC20231050)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12175193 and 11905183)the 13th Five-year plan for Education Science Funding of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2021GXJK349)。
文摘For non-stationary complex dynamic systems,a standardized algorithm is developed to compute time correlation functions,addressing the limitations of traditional methods reliant on the stationary assumption.The proposed algorithm integrates two-point and multi-point time correlation functions into a unified framework.Further,it is verified by a practical application in complex financial systems,demonstrating its potential in various complex dynamic systems.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2020YFA0711800)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.51925404)+2 种基金the Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology (No.2023WLKXJ149)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2023XSCX040)the Postgraduate Research Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No.KYCX23_2864)。
文摘Methane in-situ explosive fracturing technology produces shale debris particles within fracture channels,enabling a self-propping effect that enhances the fracture network conductivity and long-term stability.This study employs X-ray computed tomography(CT)and digital volume correlation(DVC)to investigate the microstructural evolution and hydromechanical responses of shale self-propped fracture under varying confining pressures,highlighting the critical role of shale particles in maintaining fracture conductivity.Results indicate that the fracture aperture in the self-propped sample is significantly larger than in the unpropped sample throughout the loading process,with shale particles tending to crush rather than embedded into the matrix,thus maintaining flow pathways.As confining pressure increases,contact areas between fracture surfaces and particles expand,enhancing the system's stability and compressive resistance.Geometric analyses show flow paths becoming increasingly concentrated and branched under high stress.This resulted in a significant reduction in connectivity,restricting fracture permeability and amplifying the nonlinear gas flow behavior.This study introduces a permeability-strain recovery zone and a novel sensitivity parameter m,delineating stress sensitivity boundaries for permeability and normal strain,with m-value increasing with stress,revealing four characteristic regions.These findings offer theoretical support for optimizing fracturing techniques to enhance resource extraction efficiency.
基金funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB31000000)the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Province (U1902203)+1 种基金Major Program for Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province (202101BC070002)Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (151C53KYSB20200019)
文摘Patterns and drivers of species–genetic diversity correlations(SGDCs)have been broadly examined across taxa and ecosystems and greatly deepen our understanding of how biodiversity is maintained.However,few studies have examined the role of canopy structural heterogeneity,which is a defining feature of forests,in shaping SGDCs.Here,we determine what factors contribute toα-andβ-species–genetic diversity correlations(i.e.,α-andβ-SGDCs)in a Chinese subtropical forest.For this purpose,we used neutral molecular markers to assess genetic variation in almost all adult individuals of the dominant tree species,Lithocarpus xylocarpus,across plots in the Ailaoshan National Natural Reserve.We also quantified microhabitat variation by quantifying canopy structure heterogeneity with airborne laser scanning on 201-ha subtropical forest plots.We found that speciesα-diversity was negatively correlated with geneticα-diversity.Canopy structural heterogeneity was positively correlated with speciesα-diversity but negatively correlated with geneticα-diversity.These contrasting effects contributed to the formation of a negativeα-SGDC.Further,we found that canopy structural heterogeneity increases speciesα-diversity and decreases geneticα-diversity by reducing the population size of target species.Speciesβ-diversity,in contrast,was positively correlated with geneticβ-diversity.Differences in canopy structural heterogeneity between plots had non-linear parallel effects on the two levels ofβ-diversity,while geographic distance had a relatively weak effect onβ-SGDC.Our study indicates that canopy structural heterogeneity simultaneously affects plot-level community species diversity and population genetic diversity,and species and genetic turnover across plots,thus drivingα-andβ-SGDCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52109144,52025094 and 52222905).
文摘This paper introduces a novel approach for parameter sensitivity evaluation and efficient slope reliability analysis based on quantile-based first-order second-moment method(QFOSM).The core principles of the QFOSM are elucidated geometrically from the perspective of expanding ellipsoids.Based on this geometric interpretation,the QFOSM is further extended to estimate sensitivity indices and assess the significance of various uncertain parameters involved in the slope system.The proposed method has the advantage of computational simplicity,akin to the conventional first-order second-moment method(FOSM),while providing estimation accuracy close to that of the first-order reliability method(FORM).Its performance is demonstrated with a numerical example and three slope examples.The results show that the proposed method can efficiently estimate the slope reliability and simultaneously evaluate the sensitivity of the uncertain parameters.The proposed method does not involve complex optimization or iteration required by the FORM.It can provide a valuable complement to the existing approximate reliability analysis methods,offering rapid sensitivity evaluation and slope reliability analysis.
文摘Investigating natural-inspired applications is a perennially appealing subject for scientists. The current increase in the speed of natural-origin structure growth may be linked to their superior mechanical properties and environmental resilience. Biological composite structures with helicoidal schemes and designs have remarkable capacities to absorb impact energy and withstand damage. However, there is a dearth of extensive study on the influence of fiber redirection and reorientation inside the matrix of a helicoid structure on its mechanical performance and reactivity. The present study aimed to explore the static and transient responses of a bio-inspired helicoid laminated composite(B-iHLC) shell under the influence of an explosive load using an isomorphic method. The structural integrity of the shell is maintained by a viscoelastic basis known as the Pasternak foundation, which encompasses two coefficients of stiffness and one coefficient of damping. The equilibrium equations governing shell dynamics are obtained by using Hamilton's principle and including the modified first-order shear theory,therefore obviating the need to employ a shear correction factor. The paper's model and approach are validated by doing numerical comparisons with respected publications. The findings of this study may be used in the construction of military and civilian infrastructure in situations when the structure is subjected to severe stresses that might potentially result in catastrophic collapse. The findings of this paper serve as the foundation for several other issues, including geometric optimization and the dynamic response of similar mechanical structures.
基金supported by the Key R&D Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2020YFB1808005)。
文摘Low Earth Orbit(LEO)multibeam satellites will be widely used in the next generation of satellite communication systems,whose inter-beam interference will inevitably limit the performance of the whole system.Nonlinear precoding such as Tomlinson-Harashima precoding(THP)algorithm has been proved to be a promising technology to solve this problem,which has smaller noise amplification effect compared with linear precoding.However,the similarity of different user channels(defined as channel correlation)will degrade the performance of THP algorithm.In this paper,we qualitatively analyze the inter-beam interference in the whole process of LEO satellite over a specific coverage area,and the impact of channel correlation on Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)of receivers when THP is applied.One user grouping algorithm is proposed based on the analysis of channel correlation,which could decrease the number of users with high channel correlation in each precoding group,thus improve the performance of THP.Furthermore,our algorithm is designed under the premise of co-frequency deployment and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM),which leads to more users under severe inter-beam interference compared to the existing research on geostationary orbit satellites broadcasting systems.Simulation results show that the proposed user grouping algorithm possesses higher channel capacity and better bit error rate(BER)performance in high SNR conditions relative to existing works.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2018A0303130306)Shantou Science and Technology Program(No.190917085269835,No.200629165261641).
文摘AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy subjects.METHODS:Thir ty-three healthy subjects were enrolled.The ONH of both eyes were imaged four times by a swept-source-OCTA using a 3 mm×3 mm scanning protocol.Images of the radial peripapillary capillary were analyzed by a customized Matlab program,and the vessel density,fractal dimension,and vessel diameter index were measured.The repeatability of the four scans was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).The most well-centered optic disc from the four repeated scans was then selected for the interocular correlation and agreement analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient,ICC and Bland-Altman plots.RESULTS:All swept-source-OCTA ONH parameters exhibited certain repeatability,with ICC>0.760 and coefficient of variation(CoV)≤7.301%.The obvious interocular correlation was observed for papillary vessel density(ICC=0.857),vessel diameter index(ICC=0.857)and fractal dimension(ICC=0.906),while circumpapillary vessel density exhibited moderate interocular correlation(ICC=0.687).Bland-Altman plots revealed an agreement range of-5.26%to 6.21%for circumpapillary vessel density.CONCLUSION:OCTA ONH parameters demonstrate good repeatability in healthy subjects.The interocular correlations of papillary vessel density,fractal dimension and vessel diameter index are high,but the correlation for circumpapillary vessel density is moderate.
基金Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Grant No.21QA1403400)Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.20YF1414800)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Power Station Automation Technology(Grant No.13DZ2273800).
文摘With the improvement of equipment reliability,human factors have become the most uncertain part in the system.The standardized Plant Analysis of Risk-Human Reliability Analysis(SPAR-H)method is a reliable method in the field of human reliability analysis(HRA)to evaluate human reliability and assess risk in large complex systems.However,the classical SPAR-H method does not consider the dependencies among performance shaping factors(PSFs),whichmay cause overestimation or underestimation of the risk of the actual situation.To address this issue,this paper proposes a new method to deal with the dependencies among PSFs in SPAR-H based on the Pearson correlation coefficient.First,the dependence between every two PSFs is measured by the Pearson correlation coefficient.Second,the weights of the PSFs are obtained by considering the total dependence degree.Finally,PSFs’multipliers are modified based on the weights of corresponding PSFs,and then used in the calculating of human error probability(HEP).A case study is used to illustrate the procedure and effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072267)supported by China Agriculture Research System of CRAS-14.
文摘Flaxseed lignan macromolecules(FLM)are a class of important secondary metabolites in fl axseed,which have been widely concerned due to their biological and pharmacological properties,especially for their antioxidative activity.For the composition and structure of FLM,our results confirmed that ferulic acid glycoside(FerAG)was directly ester-linked with herbacetin diglucoside(HDG)or pinoresinol diglucoside(PDG),which might determine the beginning of FLM biosynthesis.Additionally,p-coumaric acid glycoside(CouAG)might determine the end of chain extension during FLM synthesis in fl axseed.FLM exhibited higher antioxidative activity in polar systems,as shown by its superior 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging capacity compared to the 2,2’-azinobis(3-ehtylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfnic acid)(ABTS)cation free radical scavenging capacity in non-polar systems.Moreover,the antioxidative activity of FLM was found to be highly dependent on its composition and structure.In particular,it was positively correlated with the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups(longer FLM chains)and inversely related to the steric hindrance at the ends(lower levels of FerAG and CouAG).These fi ndings verifi ed the potential application of FLM in nonpolar systems,particularly in functional food emulsions。
基金the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in the framework of the State Contract in the Field of Science(No.FSEG-2024-0005)。
文摘The first results of investigation of the turbulence structure using Doppler backscattering(DBS)on the Globus-M2 tokamak are presented.A one-channel DBS system with a variable probing frequency within the 18–26 GHz range was installed to investigate the edge plasma at normalized minor radiiρ=0.9–1.1.Radial correlation Doppler reflectometry was used to study the changes in turbulence eddies after the LH transition.Correlation analysis was applied to the phase derivative of complex in-phase and quadrature(IQ)signals of the DBS diagnostic as it contains information about the poloidal plasma rotation velocity.In L-mode,the radial correlation length L_(r)is estimated to be 3 cm and after transition to H-mode reduces to approximately 2 cm.Gyrokinetic modelling in a linear local approximation using code GENE indicates that the instability with positive growth rate at the normalized minor radiusρ=0.75 in L-mode and H-mode on Globus-M2 was the ion temperature gradient(ITG)mode.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61991413)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M651142)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2021-KF-12-07)the Natural Science Foundations of Liaoning Province(2023-MS-322).
文摘Fusing hand-based features in multi-modal biometric recognition enhances anti-spoofing capabilities.Additionally,it leverages inter-modal correlation to enhance recognition performance.Concurrently,the robustness and recognition performance of the system can be enhanced through judiciously leveraging the correlation among multimodal features.Nevertheless,two issues persist in multi-modal feature fusion recognition:Firstly,the enhancement of recognition performance in fusion recognition has not comprehensively considered the inter-modality correlations among distinct modalities.Secondly,during modal fusion,improper weight selection diminishes the salience of crucial modal features,thereby diminishing the overall recognition performance.To address these two issues,we introduce an enhanced DenseNet multimodal recognition network founded on feature-level fusion.The information from the three modalities is fused akin to RGB,and the input network augments the correlation between modes through channel correlation.Within the enhanced DenseNet network,the Efficient Channel Attention Network(ECA-Net)dynamically adjusts the weight of each channel to amplify the salience of crucial information in each modal feature.Depthwise separable convolution markedly reduces the training parameters and further enhances the feature correlation.Experimental evaluations were conducted on four multimodal databases,comprising six unimodal databases,including multispectral palmprint and palm vein databases from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The Equal Error Rates(EER)values were 0.0149%,0.0150%,0.0099%,and 0.0050%,correspondingly.In comparison to other network methods for palmprint,palm vein,and finger vein fusion recognition,this approach substantially enhances recognition performance,rendering it suitable for high-security environments with practical applicability.The experiments in this article utilized amodest sample database comprising 200 individuals.The subsequent phase involves preparing for the extension of the method to larger databases.
文摘Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridynamic differential operator(EE–PDDO)was obtained for solving the one-dimensional population balance equation in crystallization.Four different conditions during crystallization were studied:size-independent growth,sizedependent growth in a batch process,nucleation and size-independent growth,and nucleation and size-dependent growth in a continuous process.The high accuracy of the EE–PDDO method was confirmed by comparing it with the numerical results obtained using the second-order upwind and HR-van methods.The method is characterized by non-oscillation and high accuracy,especially in the discontinuous and sharp crystal size distribution.The stability of the EE–PDDO method,choice of weight function in the PDDO method,and optimal time step are also discussed.
文摘Background: Submucosal myomas can be responsible for abnormal bleeding, spontaneous abortions or even infertility. Objectives: This study aimed to study the correlation between the diagnosis and classification of submucosal fibroids at hysterosonography and at hysteroscopy at Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital (CHRACERH), Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methodology: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. Included were the files of patients in whom a hysteroscopy for uterine cavity evaluation was done from the 1st of January 2020 to the 31st of July 2022. The data collected were analysed using SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel 2013. Hysterosonographic findings were compared to those of hysteroscopy using Cohen’s kappa inter-observer agreement test. Results: A total of 104 women had available hysterosonography results prior to diagnostic hysteroscopy. The ages of the participants ranged from 26 to 65 years with a mean age of 39.92 ± 7.02 years. A total of 69 submucosal fibroids were identified at hysterosonography and 47 (68.1%) were found at hysteroscopy. There was agreement between the two methods in 13/17 (76.5%) cases of FIGO 0 fibroids, 21/30 (70.0%) of FIGO 1 fibroids and 13/22 (59.1%) of FIGO 2 fibroids. The overall agreement was moderate with a kappa coefficient of 0.478 (p Conclusion: The results present hysteroscopy as the gold standard for the diagnosis of submucosal myomas, but clinicians need to recognize utility of hysterosonography in certain situations.
文摘In nuclear collisions at RHIC energies, an excess of Ω hyperons over ■ is observed, indicating that Ω has a net baryon number despite s and s quarks being produced in pairs. The baryon number in Ω may have been transported from the incident nuclei and/or produced in the baryon-pair production of Ω with other types of anti-hyperons such as Ξ. To investigate these two scenarios, we propose to measure the correlations between Ω and K and between Ω and anti-hyperons. We use two versions, the default and string-melting, of a multiphase transport(AMPT) model to illustrate the method for measuring the correlation and to demonstrate the general shape of the correlation. We present the Ω-hadron correlations from simulated Au+Au collisions at ■ =7.7 and 14.6 Ge V and discuss the dependence on the collision energy and on the hadronization scheme in these two AMPT versions. These correlations can be used to explore the mechanism of baryon number transport and the effects of baryon number and strangeness conservation on nuclear collisions.
