This paper presented the current status quo of hybrid rice in India from the breeding,seed production and extension and the existing problems and barriers,based on which the corresponding countermeasures were put forw...This paper presented the current status quo of hybrid rice in India from the breeding,seed production and extension and the existing problems and barriers,based on which the corresponding countermeasures were put forward.展开更多
In this review, the author summarized the current status, challenges, and strategies in China in the development of transgenic plants and its commercialization. Based on sets of successful examples and data achieved f...In this review, the author summarized the current status, challenges, and strategies in China in the development of transgenic plants and its commercialization. Based on sets of successful examples and data achieved from execution of the National Special Project for Transgenic Plant Research and Commercialization in the last five years, the priorities and key directions were put forward for the future development of transgenic plants in China.展开更多
After years of development in China’s electronic commerce sector,there has been a drastic increase not only in the number of electronic commerce enterprises and online shoppers,but also in electronic commerce market ...After years of development in China’s electronic commerce sector,there has been a drastic increase not only in the number of electronic commerce enterprises and online shoppers,but also in electronic commerce market turnover in China.During this process,the Chinese government has played a key role in establishing legislation and market disciplines for the electronic commerce market.This paper explores policy regarding electronic commerce development in China and analyzes new trends in China’s electronic commerce,including the rise of mobile commerce,social commerce,and cross-border electronic commerce,and the booming industries of internet financing and Big Data.This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the development,uniqueness,and trends of electronic commerce in China.In addition,this paper also provides policymakers in China and other developing countries with policy suggestions regarding electronic commerce.展开更多
Human induced land degradation refers to decline or loss of biological or economic productivity resulting from a process or combination of processes, including displacement of soil matreial, terrain deformation and l...Human induced land degradation refers to decline or loss of biological or economic productivity resulting from a process or combination of processes, including displacement of soil matreial, terrain deformation and loss of nutrients and/or orgnic matter through wind erosion, water erosion, secondary salinization and pollution. Wind erosion is a major problem in the dry land of China and the area of sandy desertified land caused by wind erosion has reached 371,000 km 2. Water erosion frequently occurs in hilly and mountainous areas where 1.79 million km 2 of land have been observed and degraded land area affected by secondary salinization now covers 63,000 km 2 in China. Statistical data indicated that depletion of soil nutriution is a serious problem in China. Some 460,000 km 2 of cultivated or 46 percent of the total cultivated land area is deficient in P, and 330,000 km 2 of cultivated land or one-third of nation′s total is deficient in K. Adverse human activities are recognized as a principal reason of land degradation. In northern China, 30.1 percent of land degradation caused by over grazing, 26.9 percent by over reclamation, 33.7 percent by excessive fuel collection, 9.6 percent by mis-use of water resources, as well as 0.7 percent by industrial, mining and transportation construction. In southern China, 37 percent of degraded land caused by deforestation, 35 percent by slopeland reclamation, 18 percent by improper afforestation, and 10 percent by industrial, mining and transportation construction. Following the discussion of the causes and disasters of land degradation, this paper presents the achievements gained in prevention and control of land degradation since 1949. The several control strategic measures in combating land degradation such as prompting public awareness and people's participation, strengthening national laws and policies formulation, carrying out projects on rehabilization and monitoring, are proposed by the end of this paper.展开更多
基金Supported by the Scientific Cooperation Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology Innovation of Malaysia (07-04-01PB015)~~
文摘This paper presented the current status quo of hybrid rice in India from the breeding,seed production and extension and the existing problems and barriers,based on which the corresponding countermeasures were put forward.
文摘In this review, the author summarized the current status, challenges, and strategies in China in the development of transgenic plants and its commercialization. Based on sets of successful examples and data achieved from execution of the National Special Project for Transgenic Plant Research and Commercialization in the last five years, the priorities and key directions were put forward for the future development of transgenic plants in China.
文摘After years of development in China’s electronic commerce sector,there has been a drastic increase not only in the number of electronic commerce enterprises and online shoppers,but also in electronic commerce market turnover in China.During this process,the Chinese government has played a key role in establishing legislation and market disciplines for the electronic commerce market.This paper explores policy regarding electronic commerce development in China and analyzes new trends in China’s electronic commerce,including the rise of mobile commerce,social commerce,and cross-border electronic commerce,and the booming industries of internet financing and Big Data.This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the development,uniqueness,and trends of electronic commerce in China.In addition,this paper also provides policymakers in China and other developing countries with policy suggestions regarding electronic commerce.
文摘Human induced land degradation refers to decline or loss of biological or economic productivity resulting from a process or combination of processes, including displacement of soil matreial, terrain deformation and loss of nutrients and/or orgnic matter through wind erosion, water erosion, secondary salinization and pollution. Wind erosion is a major problem in the dry land of China and the area of sandy desertified land caused by wind erosion has reached 371,000 km 2. Water erosion frequently occurs in hilly and mountainous areas where 1.79 million km 2 of land have been observed and degraded land area affected by secondary salinization now covers 63,000 km 2 in China. Statistical data indicated that depletion of soil nutriution is a serious problem in China. Some 460,000 km 2 of cultivated or 46 percent of the total cultivated land area is deficient in P, and 330,000 km 2 of cultivated land or one-third of nation′s total is deficient in K. Adverse human activities are recognized as a principal reason of land degradation. In northern China, 30.1 percent of land degradation caused by over grazing, 26.9 percent by over reclamation, 33.7 percent by excessive fuel collection, 9.6 percent by mis-use of water resources, as well as 0.7 percent by industrial, mining and transportation construction. In southern China, 37 percent of degraded land caused by deforestation, 35 percent by slopeland reclamation, 18 percent by improper afforestation, and 10 percent by industrial, mining and transportation construction. Following the discussion of the causes and disasters of land degradation, this paper presents the achievements gained in prevention and control of land degradation since 1949. The several control strategic measures in combating land degradation such as prompting public awareness and people's participation, strengthening national laws and policies formulation, carrying out projects on rehabilization and monitoring, are proposed by the end of this paper.
