Regulatory T cells（Tregs） play a pivotal role in the pathological development of hypertension.Helios,a transcription factor from the Ikaros family,was recently reported to be a bona fide marker for natural Tregs or ...Regulatory T cells（Tregs） play a pivotal role in the pathological development of hypertension.Helios,a transcription factor from the Ikaros family,was recently reported to be a bona fide marker for natural Tregs or activated Tregs with suppression function,however,little has been known about its role in hypertension.This study was aimed to find whether Helios＋ Tregs really play a vital role in hypertension.A total of 60 hypertension patients,and 46 normotension subjects were enrolled in this study.Frequencies of different Tregs subsets in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry.Plasma cytokine level was determined by ELISA.The m RNA expression of Foxp3 and Helios in purified CD4＋ T cells was detected by RT-PCR.Proportion of CD4＋Foxp3＋Helios＋ Tregs was decreased significantly in patients with hypertension（62.52%±1.18% vs.71.89%±1.03%,P〈0.01）,and it was correlated with plasma level of IL-10 positively（r=0.505,P〈0.05） and plasma level of IFN-gamma negatively（r=–0.551,P〈0.05）.The m RNA expression of Foxp3（7.23±1.00 vs.10.58±0.54,P〈0.05） and Helios（8.47±0.95 vs.15.52±2.0,P〈0.05） was decreased in CD4＋ T cells from patients with hypertension.Helios＋ Tregs were decreased in patients with hypertension and may play a protective role in hypertension progression.展开更多
Within the OECD/NEA Benchmarking of Thermal-Hydraulic Loop Models for Lead-Alloy Cooled Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems （LACANES）, the Institute for Neutron Physics and Reactor Technology takes part in the validatio...Within the OECD/NEA Benchmarking of Thermal-Hydraulic Loop Models for Lead-Alloy Cooled Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems （LACANES）, the Institute for Neutron Physics and Reactor Technology takes part in the validation process of system codes and the characterization of the thermal-hydraulic behavior of an experimental loop operated with liquid lead-bismuth-eutectics. To confirm the calculations, the results were compared to experimental data obtained from the HELIOS facility at the Seoul National University and to the results of other benchmark participants. The comparison showed that the calculations are within measurement tolerance but nevertheless discrepancies among the participants exist. The pressure drop estimation is determined by a variety of empirical correlations for the friction and the form loss coefficients. Hence, uncertainty and sensitivity measures were applied to find out which parameter is more relevant for the overall pressure drop. In the frame of this investigation, the system code TRACE and the software system for uncertainty and sensitivity, SUSA, were used. The results show that the total pressure drop varies between -30 and ＋15% related to the reference case.展开更多
We analyse the WIND data of an interplanetary magnetic cloud （MC） on 2 November 2001, and find new evidences for magnetic reconnection in the tail of this MC. In the MC tail, the largely dip and the large change of ...We analyse the WIND data of an interplanetary magnetic cloud （MC） on 2 November 2001, and find new evidences for magnetic reconnection in the tail of this MC. In the MC tail, the largely dip and the large change of the orientation of the magnetic field occurred simultaneously, △θ≈45° and △φ changed from 90° to 320°. Correspondingly, the number density of ions increased, and the superthermal electrons were heated and accelerated, however its number density decreased. Meanwhile, inverse jets and Hall term were observed. The pitch-angle distributions of the electrons with lower energy and higher energy showed strong turbulence and bi-direction flow, respectively. The plasma wave activity enhanced near the electron plasma frequency, fpe and 2fpe. These important physical characteristics are new evidences for magnetic reconnection existing in interplanetary space.展开更多
There is an obvious effort to increase the burn up of used fuel assemblies in order to improve fuel utilization.A more effective operation can be realized by extending the fuel cycles or by increasing the number of re...There is an obvious effort to increase the burn up of used fuel assemblies in order to improve fuel utilization.A more effective operation can be realized by extending the fuel cycles or by increasing the number of reloadings.This change is nevertheless connected with increasing the uranium enrichment even above 5% of 235U. Burnable absorbers are widely used to compensate for the positive reactivity of fresh fuel. With proper optimization, burnable absorbers decrease the reactivity excess at the beginning of the cycle, and they can help with stabilization of power distribution. This paper describes properties of several materials that can be used as burnable absorbers. The change in concentration or position of the pin with a burnable absorber in a fuel assembly was analyzed by the HELIOS transport lattice code. The multiplication factor and power peaking factor dependence on fuel burn up were used to evaluate the neutronic properties of burnable absorbers. The following four different materials are discussed in this paper: Gd2O3, IFBA, Er2O3,and Dy2O3.Gadolinium had the greatest influence on fuel characteristics. The number of pins with a burnable absorber was limited in the VVER-440 fuel assembly to six. In the VVER-1000 fuel assembly, 36 pins with a burnable absorber can be used as the assembly is larger. The erbium depletion rate was comparable with uranium burn up.Dysprosium had the largest parasitic absorption after depletion.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81370324)
文摘Regulatory T cells（Tregs） play a pivotal role in the pathological development of hypertension.Helios,a transcription factor from the Ikaros family,was recently reported to be a bona fide marker for natural Tregs or activated Tregs with suppression function,however,little has been known about its role in hypertension.This study was aimed to find whether Helios＋ Tregs really play a vital role in hypertension.A total of 60 hypertension patients,and 46 normotension subjects were enrolled in this study.Frequencies of different Tregs subsets in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry.Plasma cytokine level was determined by ELISA.The m RNA expression of Foxp3 and Helios in purified CD4＋ T cells was detected by RT-PCR.Proportion of CD4＋Foxp3＋Helios＋ Tregs was decreased significantly in patients with hypertension（62.52%±1.18% vs.71.89%±1.03%,P〈0.01）,and it was correlated with plasma level of IL-10 positively（r=0.505,P〈0.05） and plasma level of IFN-gamma negatively（r=–0.551,P〈0.05）.The m RNA expression of Foxp3（7.23±1.00 vs.10.58±0.54,P〈0.05） and Helios（8.47±0.95 vs.15.52±2.0,P〈0.05） was decreased in CD4＋ T cells from patients with hypertension.Helios＋ Tregs were decreased in patients with hypertension and may play a protective role in hypertension progression.
文摘Within the OECD/NEA Benchmarking of Thermal-Hydraulic Loop Models for Lead-Alloy Cooled Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems （LACANES）, the Institute for Neutron Physics and Reactor Technology takes part in the validation process of system codes and the characterization of the thermal-hydraulic behavior of an experimental loop operated with liquid lead-bismuth-eutectics. To confirm the calculations, the results were compared to experimental data obtained from the HELIOS facility at the Seoul National University and to the results of other benchmark participants. The comparison showed that the calculations are within measurement tolerance but nevertheless discrepancies among the participants exist. The pressure drop estimation is determined by a variety of empirical correlations for the friction and the form loss coefficients. Hence, uncertainty and sensitivity measures were applied to find out which parameter is more relevant for the overall pressure drop. In the frame of this investigation, the system code TRACE and the software system for uncertainty and sensitivity, SUSA, were used. The results show that the total pressure drop varies between -30 and ＋15% related to the reference case.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos G200078405, 40336053 and 40274052, and the International Collaboration Research Team Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘We analyse the WIND data of an interplanetary magnetic cloud （MC） on 2 November 2001, and find new evidences for magnetic reconnection in the tail of this MC. In the MC tail, the largely dip and the large change of the orientation of the magnetic field occurred simultaneously, △θ≈45° and △φ changed from 90° to 320°. Correspondingly, the number density of ions increased, and the superthermal electrons were heated and accelerated, however its number density decreased. Meanwhile, inverse jets and Hall term were observed. The pitch-angle distributions of the electrons with lower energy and higher energy showed strong turbulence and bi-direction flow, respectively. The plasma wave activity enhanced near the electron plasma frequency, fpe and 2fpe. These important physical characteristics are new evidences for magnetic reconnection existing in interplanetary space.
基金supported by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic(No.TE01020455)
文摘There is an obvious effort to increase the burn up of used fuel assemblies in order to improve fuel utilization.A more effective operation can be realized by extending the fuel cycles or by increasing the number of reloadings.This change is nevertheless connected with increasing the uranium enrichment even above 5% of 235U. Burnable absorbers are widely used to compensate for the positive reactivity of fresh fuel. With proper optimization, burnable absorbers decrease the reactivity excess at the beginning of the cycle, and they can help with stabilization of power distribution. This paper describes properties of several materials that can be used as burnable absorbers. The change in concentration or position of the pin with a burnable absorber in a fuel assembly was analyzed by the HELIOS transport lattice code. The multiplication factor and power peaking factor dependence on fuel burn up were used to evaluate the neutronic properties of burnable absorbers. The following four different materials are discussed in this paper: Gd2O3, IFBA, Er2O3,and Dy2O3.Gadolinium had the greatest influence on fuel characteristics. The number of pins with a burnable absorber was limited in the VVER-440 fuel assembly to six. In the VVER-1000 fuel assembly, 36 pins with a burnable absorber can be used as the assembly is larger. The erbium depletion rate was comparable with uranium burn up.Dysprosium had the largest parasitic absorption after depletion.
