The main objective of this study was to evaluate ability of growth and yield of introduced bitter gourd accessions in winter-spring 2016-2017 in Thua Thien Hue province.A total of seven accessions were used in this st...The main objective of this study was to evaluate ability of growth and yield of introduced bitter gourd accessions in winter-spring 2016-2017 in Thua Thien Hue province.A total of seven accessions were used in this study.Of these,six accessions were provided by the World Vegetable Center(AVRDC),namely,AVRDC 1329,AVRDC 1330,AVRDC 1331,AVRDC 1333,AVRDC 1334,AVRDC 1335 and one Vietnam local accession(control)from Dien Hai commune,Phong Dien district,Thua Thien Hue province.The results showed that experiment accessions can grow under Thua Thien Hue conditions.AVRDC 1329,AVRDC 1330,and AVRDC 1335 were considered as displaying good growth and development ability.Of those,AVRDC 1330 was the most suitable to consumer as regards to appearance and bitter taste.AVRDC 1330,the control check and AVRDC 1331 had the high actual yield with 16.57,10.65 and 7.88 tons/ha,respectively,and these two introduced accessions can be used for breeding and cultivation under local condition.展开更多
A simple, rapid and perfect extraction and determination method for the endogenous hormones in anthers of bitter melon with reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） has been developed. The HPLC s...A simple, rapid and perfect extraction and determination method for the endogenous hormones in anthers of bitter melon with reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） has been developed. The HPLC system consisted of Hypersil ODS C 18 reverse phase column （150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm） with a methanol gradient in 0.6% acetic acid and UV detector set at 254 nm. The results showed that the method was accurate and efficient.展开更多
With andromonoecious<i><span> Momordica charantia </span></i><span>L.</span><span> </span><span>(bitter gourd) as material, three light qualities</span><s...With andromonoecious<i><span> Momordica charantia </span></i><span>L.</span><span> </span><span>(bitter gourd) as material, three light qualities</span><span> </span><span>(50 μmol·m</span><sup><span style="vertical-align:super;">-2</span></sup><span>·s</span><sup><span style="vertical-align:super;">-1</span></sup><span>) including white LED light</span><span> </span><span>(WL), blue monochromatic light (B,</span><span> </span><span>465 nm), and red monochromatic light (R, 650 nm) were carried out to investigate their effects on seed germination, physiological and biochemical parameters, sex differentiation and photosynthetic characteristics of bitter gourd. The results showed that compared to the WL treatment, the R treatment significantly promoted seed germination, seedling height elongation and soluble sugar content, the B treatment significantly increased seedling stem diameter, reducing sugar content and soluble protein content, the R and B treatments both significantly reduced sucrose content, but their POD activity showed no significant difference. Compared with the R treatment, the B treatment significantly increased the total female flower number and female flower nod ratio in 30 nods of main stems. The study of photosynthetic characteristics found that the R and B treatments could effectively increase the </span><span>stomata</span><span>l conductance (GS) of leaves, significantly improved the net photosynthetic rate</span><span> </span><span>(Pn) compared to the WL treatment, and the effect of the B treatment was better. Compared to the R and WL treatments, the B treatment increased the maximum photosynthetic rate (P</span><sub><span style="vertical-align:sub;">max</span></sub><span>),</span><span> </span><span>apparent quantum efficiency</span><span> </span><span>(AQE) and light saturation point</span><span> </span><span>(LSP), and reduced the dark respiration rate (Rd) and light compensation point</span><span> </span><span>(LCP) of the leaves. Fit light response curves showed that the adaptability and utilization of weak light in bitter gourd were middle or below, but it showed higher adaptability and utilization of strong light. Thus, it suggests that </span><i><span>Momordica charantia</span></i><span> is a typical sun plan with lower Rd. In summary, it is concluded that blue light has a positive effect on the seed germination, seedling growth, sex differentiation and improving the photosynthetic performance, and this will lay the foundation for artificially regulating optimum photosynthesis using specific LEDs wavelength, and help to elucidate the relationship how light quality influences the sex differentiation of plant.</span>展开更多
BACKGROUND Bitter melon has been used to stop the growth of breast cancer(BRCA)cells.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.AIM To predict the therapeutic effect of bitter melon against BRCA using network p...BACKGROUND Bitter melon has been used to stop the growth of breast cancer(BRCA)cells.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.AIM To predict the therapeutic effect of bitter melon against BRCA using network pharmacology and to explore the underlying pharmacological mechanisms.METHODS The active ingredients of bitter melon and the related protein targets were taken from the Indian Medicinal Plants,Phytochemistry and Therapeutics and SuperPred databases,respectively.The GeneCards database has been searched for BRCA-related targets.Through an intersection of the drug’s targets and the disease’s objectives,prospective bitter melon anti-BRCA targets were discovered.Gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analyses were carried out to comprehend the biological roles of the target proteins.The binding relationship between bitter melon’s active ingredients and the suggested target proteins was verified using molecular docking techniques.RESULTS Three key substances,momordicoside K,kaempferol,and quercetin,were identified as being important in mediating the putative anti-BRCA effects of bitter melon through the active ingredient-anti-BRCA target network study.Heat shock protein 90 AA,proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase,and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were found to be the top three proteins in the proteinprotein interaction network study.The several pathways implicated in the anti-BRCA strategy for an active component include phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling,transcriptional dysregulation,axon guidance,calcium signaling,focal adhesion,janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling,cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling,mammalian CONCLUSION Overall,the integration of network pharmacology,molecular docking,and functional enrichment analyses shed light on potential mechanisms underlying bitter melon’s ability to fight BRCA,implicating active ingredients and protein targets,as well as highlighting the major signaling pathways that may be altered by this natural product for therapeutic benefit.展开更多
Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is one of the common lethal malignancies which is increasing rapidly in the world.Increasing risks from alcohol and tobacco habits,lack of early detection markers,lack of effective ch...Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is one of the common lethal malignancies which is increasing rapidly in the world.Increasing risks from alcohol and tobacco habits,lack of early detection markers,lack of effective chemotherapeutic agents,recurrence and distant metastasis make the disease more complicated to manage.Laboratory-based studies and epidemiological studies indicate important roles of nutraceuticals to manage different cancers.The plant bitter melon(Momordica charantia)is a good source of nutrients and bio-active phytochemicals such as triterpenoids,triterpene glycosides,phenolic acids,flavonoids,lectins,sterols and proteins.The plant is widely grown in Asia,Africa,and South America.Bitter melon has traditionally been used as a folk medicine and Ayurvedic medicine in Asian culture to treat diseases such as diabetes,since ancient times.The crude extract and some of the isolated pure compounds of bitter melon show potential anticancer effects against different cancers.In this review,we shed light on its effect on OSCC.Bitter melon extract has been found to inhibit cell proliferation and metabolism,induce cell death and enhance the immune defense system in the prevention of OSCC in vitro and in vivo.Thus,bitter melon may be used as an attractive chemopreventive agent in progression towards OSCC clinical study.展开更多
Nature is a rich source of medicinal plants and their products that are useful for treatment of various diseases and disorders. Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter melon or bitter gourd, is one of such plant...Nature is a rich source of medicinal plants and their products that are useful for treatment of various diseases and disorders. Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter melon or bitter gourd, is one of such plants known for its biological activities used in traditional system of medicines. This plant is cultivated in all over the world, including tropical areas of Asia, Amazon, east Africa, and the Caribbean and used as a vegetable as well as folk medicine. All parts of the plant, including the fruit, are commonly consumed and cooked with different vegetables, stir-fried, stuffed or used in small quantities in soups or beans to give a slightly bitter flavor and taste. The plant is reported to possess anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti-obesity, and immunomodulatory activities. The plant extract inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy and inhibiting cancer stem cells. The plant is rich in bioactive chemical constituents like cucurbitane type triterpenoids, triterpene glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, fatty acids, and proteins. Some of the isolated compounds （Kuguacin J, Karaviloside XI, Kuguaglycoside C, Momordicoside Q-U, Charantin, a-eleostearic acid） and proteins （a-Momorcharin, RNase MC2, MAP30） possess potent biological activity. In the present review, we are summarizing the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities of Momordica charantia along with a short account of important chemical constituents, providing a basis for establishing detail biological activities of the plant and developing novel drug molecules based on the active chemical constituents.展开更多
以苦瓜(Momordica charantia L.)1/4黄期果实为材料,采用DSN(duplex-specific nuclease)均一化与SMART(switching mechanism at 5'end of RNA transcript)技术相结合,构建成熟软化期苦瓜果实均一化全长cDNA文库。经检测,该文库的转...以苦瓜(Momordica charantia L.)1/4黄期果实为材料,采用DSN(duplex-specific nuclease)均一化与SMART(switching mechanism at 5'end of RNA transcript)技术相结合,构建成熟软化期苦瓜果实均一化全长cDNA文库。经检测,该文库的转化效率为3600000个菌落/μL连接产物,其平均插入片段大小为1.4kb,重组率为98.0%,表明文库质量较好。随机挑取768个克隆进行EST测序,获得有607个高质量的EST,其中17个contig和562个singleton。冗余率为7.41%,文库的全长率67%。对测序结果进行注释和归类分析表明,已知功能基因大部分与催化活性、蛋白结合、转录调节活性、转运活性和酶调控活性有关分析,结果表明文库的可靠性好。发现有若干个与胞内蛋白质降解、细胞壁代谢、乙烯合成、信号传导和抗逆等可能与苦瓜果实成熟软化相关的新基因。展开更多
文摘The main objective of this study was to evaluate ability of growth and yield of introduced bitter gourd accessions in winter-spring 2016-2017 in Thua Thien Hue province.A total of seven accessions were used in this study.Of these,six accessions were provided by the World Vegetable Center(AVRDC),namely,AVRDC 1329,AVRDC 1330,AVRDC 1331,AVRDC 1333,AVRDC 1334,AVRDC 1335 and one Vietnam local accession(control)from Dien Hai commune,Phong Dien district,Thua Thien Hue province.The results showed that experiment accessions can grow under Thua Thien Hue conditions.AVRDC 1329,AVRDC 1330,and AVRDC 1335 were considered as displaying good growth and development ability.Of those,AVRDC 1330 was the most suitable to consumer as regards to appearance and bitter taste.AVRDC 1330,the control check and AVRDC 1331 had the high actual yield with 16.57,10.65 and 7.88 tons/ha,respectively,and these two introduced accessions can be used for breeding and cultivation under local condition.
文摘A simple, rapid and perfect extraction and determination method for the endogenous hormones in anthers of bitter melon with reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） has been developed. The HPLC system consisted of Hypersil ODS C 18 reverse phase column （150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm） with a methanol gradient in 0.6% acetic acid and UV detector set at 254 nm. The results showed that the method was accurate and efficient.
文摘With andromonoecious<i><span> Momordica charantia </span></i><span>L.</span><span> </span><span>(bitter gourd) as material, three light qualities</span><span> </span><span>(50 μmol·m</span><sup><span style="vertical-align:super;">-2</span></sup><span>·s</span><sup><span style="vertical-align:super;">-1</span></sup><span>) including white LED light</span><span> </span><span>(WL), blue monochromatic light (B,</span><span> </span><span>465 nm), and red monochromatic light (R, 650 nm) were carried out to investigate their effects on seed germination, physiological and biochemical parameters, sex differentiation and photosynthetic characteristics of bitter gourd. The results showed that compared to the WL treatment, the R treatment significantly promoted seed germination, seedling height elongation and soluble sugar content, the B treatment significantly increased seedling stem diameter, reducing sugar content and soluble protein content, the R and B treatments both significantly reduced sucrose content, but their POD activity showed no significant difference. Compared with the R treatment, the B treatment significantly increased the total female flower number and female flower nod ratio in 30 nods of main stems. The study of photosynthetic characteristics found that the R and B treatments could effectively increase the </span><span>stomata</span><span>l conductance (GS) of leaves, significantly improved the net photosynthetic rate</span><span> </span><span>(Pn) compared to the WL treatment, and the effect of the B treatment was better. Compared to the R and WL treatments, the B treatment increased the maximum photosynthetic rate (P</span><sub><span style="vertical-align:sub;">max</span></sub><span>),</span><span> </span><span>apparent quantum efficiency</span><span> </span><span>(AQE) and light saturation point</span><span> </span><span>(LSP), and reduced the dark respiration rate (Rd) and light compensation point</span><span> </span><span>(LCP) of the leaves. Fit light response curves showed that the adaptability and utilization of weak light in bitter gourd were middle or below, but it showed higher adaptability and utilization of strong light. Thus, it suggests that </span><i><span>Momordica charantia</span></i><span> is a typical sun plan with lower Rd. In summary, it is concluded that blue light has a positive effect on the seed germination, seedling growth, sex differentiation and improving the photosynthetic performance, and this will lay the foundation for artificially regulating optimum photosynthesis using specific LEDs wavelength, and help to elucidate the relationship how light quality influences the sex differentiation of plant.</span>
文摘BACKGROUND Bitter melon has been used to stop the growth of breast cancer(BRCA)cells.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.AIM To predict the therapeutic effect of bitter melon against BRCA using network pharmacology and to explore the underlying pharmacological mechanisms.METHODS The active ingredients of bitter melon and the related protein targets were taken from the Indian Medicinal Plants,Phytochemistry and Therapeutics and SuperPred databases,respectively.The GeneCards database has been searched for BRCA-related targets.Through an intersection of the drug’s targets and the disease’s objectives,prospective bitter melon anti-BRCA targets were discovered.Gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analyses were carried out to comprehend the biological roles of the target proteins.The binding relationship between bitter melon’s active ingredients and the suggested target proteins was verified using molecular docking techniques.RESULTS Three key substances,momordicoside K,kaempferol,and quercetin,were identified as being important in mediating the putative anti-BRCA effects of bitter melon through the active ingredient-anti-BRCA target network study.Heat shock protein 90 AA,proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase,and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were found to be the top three proteins in the proteinprotein interaction network study.The several pathways implicated in the anti-BRCA strategy for an active component include phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling,transcriptional dysregulation,axon guidance,calcium signaling,focal adhesion,janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling,cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling,mammalian CONCLUSION Overall,the integration of network pharmacology,molecular docking,and functional enrichment analyses shed light on potential mechanisms underlying bitter melon’s ability to fight BRCA,implicating active ingredients and protein targets,as well as highlighting the major signaling pathways that may be altered by this natural product for therapeutic benefit.
基金supported by research grant R01 DE024942 from the National Institutes of Health.
文摘Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is one of the common lethal malignancies which is increasing rapidly in the world.Increasing risks from alcohol and tobacco habits,lack of early detection markers,lack of effective chemotherapeutic agents,recurrence and distant metastasis make the disease more complicated to manage.Laboratory-based studies and epidemiological studies indicate important roles of nutraceuticals to manage different cancers.The plant bitter melon(Momordica charantia)is a good source of nutrients and bio-active phytochemicals such as triterpenoids,triterpene glycosides,phenolic acids,flavonoids,lectins,sterols and proteins.The plant is widely grown in Asia,Africa,and South America.Bitter melon has traditionally been used as a folk medicine and Ayurvedic medicine in Asian culture to treat diseases such as diabetes,since ancient times.The crude extract and some of the isolated pure compounds of bitter melon show potential anticancer effects against different cancers.In this review,we shed light on its effect on OSCC.Bitter melon extract has been found to inhibit cell proliferation and metabolism,induce cell death and enhance the immune defense system in the prevention of OSCC in vitro and in vivo.Thus,bitter melon may be used as an attractive chemopreventive agent in progression towards OSCC clinical study.
基金supported by NIH Grants CA182872 and CA190291 to S.Anant.S.Anant is an Eminent Scientist of the Kansas Biosciences Authority
文摘Nature is a rich source of medicinal plants and their products that are useful for treatment of various diseases and disorders. Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter melon or bitter gourd, is one of such plants known for its biological activities used in traditional system of medicines. This plant is cultivated in all over the world, including tropical areas of Asia, Amazon, east Africa, and the Caribbean and used as a vegetable as well as folk medicine. All parts of the plant, including the fruit, are commonly consumed and cooked with different vegetables, stir-fried, stuffed or used in small quantities in soups or beans to give a slightly bitter flavor and taste. The plant is reported to possess anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti-obesity, and immunomodulatory activities. The plant extract inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy and inhibiting cancer stem cells. The plant is rich in bioactive chemical constituents like cucurbitane type triterpenoids, triterpene glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, fatty acids, and proteins. Some of the isolated compounds （Kuguacin J, Karaviloside XI, Kuguaglycoside C, Momordicoside Q-U, Charantin, a-eleostearic acid） and proteins （a-Momorcharin, RNase MC2, MAP30） possess potent biological activity. In the present review, we are summarizing the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities of Momordica charantia along with a short account of important chemical constituents, providing a basis for establishing detail biological activities of the plant and developing novel drug molecules based on the active chemical constituents.
文摘以苦瓜(Momordica charantia L.)1/4黄期果实为材料,采用DSN(duplex-specific nuclease)均一化与SMART(switching mechanism at 5'end of RNA transcript)技术相结合,构建成熟软化期苦瓜果实均一化全长cDNA文库。经检测,该文库的转化效率为3600000个菌落/μL连接产物,其平均插入片段大小为1.4kb,重组率为98.0%,表明文库质量较好。随机挑取768个克隆进行EST测序,获得有607个高质量的EST,其中17个contig和562个singleton。冗余率为7.41%,文库的全长率67%。对测序结果进行注释和归类分析表明,已知功能基因大部分与催化活性、蛋白结合、转录调节活性、转运活性和酶调控活性有关分析,结果表明文库的可靠性好。发现有若干个与胞内蛋白质降解、细胞壁代谢、乙烯合成、信号传导和抗逆等可能与苦瓜果实成熟软化相关的新基因。
