In this paper we use Böcklund transformation to construct soliton solutions for a coupled KdV system.This system was first proposed by Wang in 2010.First we generalize the well-known Bäcklund transformation ...In this paper we use Böcklund transformation to construct soliton solutions for a coupled KdV system.This system was first proposed by Wang in 2010.First we generalize the well-known Bäcklund transformation for the KdV equation to such coupled KdV system.Then from a trivial seed solution,we construct soliton solutions.We also give a nonlinear superposition formula,which allows us to generate multi-soliton solutions.展开更多
The no-cloning theorem has sparked considerable interest in achieving high-fidelity approximate quantum cloning.Most of the previous studies mainly focused on the cloning of single particle states,and cloning schemes ...The no-cloning theorem has sparked considerable interest in achieving high-fidelity approximate quantum cloning.Most of the previous studies mainly focused on the cloning of single particle states,and cloning schemes used there are incapable of cloning quantum entangled states in multipartite systems.Few schemes were proposed for cloning multiparticle states,which consume more entanglement resources with loss of qubits,and the fidelity of the cloned state is relatively low.In this paper,cloning schemes for bipartite and tripartite entangled states based on photonic quantum walk and entanglement swapping are proposed.The results show that according to the proposed schemes,two high-fidelity(up to 0.75)cloned states can be obtained with less quantum resource consumption.Because of the simple cloning steps,few quantum resources and high fidelity,these schemes are both efficient and feasible.Moreover,this cloning machine eliminates the need for tracing out cloning machine,thereby minimizing resource waste.展开更多
The careers of three Chinese physicists,Hu Ning,Ma Shijun,and Peng Huanwu at the Dublin Institute for Advance Studies in the 1940s,and later,are described.A brief history of the foundation and operations of the instit...The careers of three Chinese physicists,Hu Ning,Ma Shijun,and Peng Huanwu at the Dublin Institute for Advance Studies in the 1940s,and later,are described.A brief history of the foundation and operations of the institute,as well as the roles in it of Erwin Schrodinger,Walter Heitler,Max Born,and others are included.Some details are given of the works carried out there.The three men's post-institute careers are described,Ma eventually in Australia,and Hu and Peng in the People's Republic of China where they became distinguished leaders of theoretical physics research.展开更多
A strain of Klebsiella aerogenes(K.aerogenes)capable of decomposing calcium acetate for CaCO_(3) biomineralization was screened,and the optimum conditions for producing the maximum mass of CaCO_(3) crystals induced by...A strain of Klebsiella aerogenes(K.aerogenes)capable of decomposing calcium acetate for CaCO_(3) biomineralization was screened,and the optimum conditions for producing the maximum mass of CaCO_(3) crystals induced by Klebsiella aerogenes were found to be 0.25 mol/L calcium acetate,4%inoculum level,and pH 7.Following that,the monosaccharides and proteins contained in the extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of Klebsiella aerogenes were identified.The effects of additional identified monosaccharide and proteins on the crystalline form conversion of CaCO_(3) crystals were investigated,and the additional monosaccharides were found to promote the crystalline form conversion of CaCO_(3) crystals from vaterite to calcite.Specifically,adding 1.00 g/L glucuronic acid was observed to enhance the conversion of crystalline phases of CaCO_(3) crystals to calcite completely after 5 d.Meanwhile,additional catalase was observed to contribute to the regular morphology of CaCO_(3) crystals without affecting their crystalline phases.The results indicate that the additional glucuronic acid influences the crystalline forms of CaCO_(3) crystals significantly.展开更多
Objective:The causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases has not been previously reported.This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases.Methods:The two‐sam...Objective:The causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases has not been previously reported.This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases.Methods:The two‐sample Mendelian randomization(MR)method was used to assess the causal effect of eczema on autoimmune diseases.Summary data from the Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog(GWAS)were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit(IEU)database.For eczema and autoimmune diseases,genetic instrument variants(GIVs)were identified according to the significant difference(P<5×10−8).Causal effect estimates were generated using the inverse‐variance weighted(IVW)method.MR Egger,maximum likelihood,MR-PRESSO,and MR-RAPS methods were used for alternative analyses.Sensitivity tests,including heterogeneity,horizontal pleiotropy,and leave-one-out analyses,were performed.Finally,reverse causality was assessed.Results:Genetic susceptibility to eczema was associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease(OR=1.444,95%CI 1.199 to 1.738,P<0.001)and ulcerative colitis(OR=1.002,95%CI 1.001 to 1.003,P=0.002).However,no causal relationship was found for the other 6 autoimmune diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)(OR=0.932,P=0.401),bullous pemphigoid(BP)(OR=1.191,P=0.642),vitiligo(OR=1.000,P=0.327),multiple sclerosis(MS)(OR=1.000,P=0.965),ankylosing spondylitis(AS)(OR=1.001,P=0.121),rheumatoid arthritis(RA)(OR=1.000,P=0.460).Additionally,no reverse causal relationship was found between autoimmune diseases and eczema.Conclusion:Eczema is associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.No causal relationship is found between eczema and SLE,MS,AS,RA,BP,or vitiligo.展开更多
Design and preparation of highly efficient zeolite catalysts for gas-phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime to caprolactam are attractive but still challenging.Herein,we show a one-pot synthesis of silica...Design and preparation of highly efficient zeolite catalysts for gas-phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime to caprolactam are attractive but still challenging.Herein,we show a one-pot synthesis of silicalite-1 zeolite nanosheets with rich H-bonded silanols.The key to this success is the use of urea in the synthetic system.Catalytic tests of cyclohexanone oxime gas-phase Beckmann rearrangement show that the silicalite-1 zeolite nanosheets with H-bonded silanols exhibit higher selectivity for caprolactam and longer reaction lifetime than those of the conventional silicalite-1 zeolite.Theoretical simulations reveal that the ammonium decomposed by urea is a critical additive for the formation of H-bond silanols.Obviously,one-pot synthesis of silicalite-1 zeolite nanosheets with rich H-bonded silanols plus excellent catalytic performance in the Beckmann rearrangement offer a new opportunity for development of highly efficient zeolites for catalytic applications in the future.展开更多
Several brittle culm mutants of rice were identified and characterized. In this study, we characterized a brittle mutant （bc7（t）） identified from japonica variety Zhonghua 11 by means of ^60Co-γ radiation. This m...Several brittle culm mutants of rice were identified and characterized. In this study, we characterized a brittle mutant （bc7（t）） identified from japonica variety Zhonghua 11 by means of ^60Co-γ radiation. This mutant displays normal phenotype similar to its wild type plants except for the fragility of all plant body, with - 10% decrease in the cellulose content. The genetic analysis and gene fine mapping showed that the bc7（t） mutant was controlled by a recessive gene, residing on an 8.4 kb region of the long arm of chromosome 1. The gene annotation indicated that there was only one putative gene encoding cellulose synthase catalytic subunit （CesA） in this region, which was allelic to OsCesA4. Furthermore, the sequence analysis was carried out and 7 bases deletion in the junction of exon 10 and intron 10 was done in bc7（t） mutant, resulting in the change of reading frame and the consequent failure to generate functional protein. In addition, the result of RNA interference experiment showed that when the Bc7（t） was knocked down, the transplants exhibited fragility, similar to bc7（t） mutant. The finding of novel allele of OsCesA4 locus will facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of cell wall biosynthesis. The potential utilization of the bc7（t） mutant in animal food was discussed as well.展开更多
To investigate the expression characteristics of sex related gene of FTZ-F 1 in the half-smooth tongue-sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis）, the homologue FTZ-F1 （hsFTZ-F1） full-length cDNA was isolated from the testis b...To investigate the expression characteristics of sex related gene of FTZ-F 1 in the half-smooth tongue-sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis）, the homologue FTZ-F1 （hsFTZ-F1） full-length cDNA was isolated from the testis by homologous cloning, and the cDNA included the open reading frame and a 66bp 5＇-UTR, along with a 1619bp 3＇-UTR, encoding a predicted 485 amino acid protein. Sequence, tissue distribution and phylogenic analyses of the FTZ-F1 showed that the hsFTZ-F1 belonged to SF-1/Ad4BP group. The hsFTZ-F1 transcripts were highly abundant in the gonads, kidneys, brain and head-kidneys, but weakly in other tissues. However, the expression level in the brain and head-kidney of female was highly abundant than in the male. The hsFTZ-F1 expression was highly abundant in the embryo than in the larvae, which suggested that the hsFTZ-F1 may be involved in the organogenesis in the tongue sole.展开更多
A lectin protein(SFL) with molecular weight about 32 kD which markedly agglutinated rabbit and human red blood cells was purified from the roots of Sophora flavescens Ait. This protein, and apparently inhibited the gr...A lectin protein(SFL) with molecular weight about 32 kD which markedly agglutinated rabbit and human red blood cells was purified from the roots of Sophora flavescens Ait. This protein, and apparently inhibited the growth of Fusarium vasinfectum Atk., Gibberella saubinetii (Mont.) Sacc., and Piricularia oryzae Cav. A set of degenerate PCR primer was synthesized according to the N-terminal sequence of the purified protein. The full-length cDNA coding the lectin was cloned by RT-PCR and 5'-RACE and sequenced (GenBank AF285121). The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that a preprotein with 284 amino acid residues is firstly translated and then processed to a mature protein with 254 amino acids. A N-Glycosylation site is the Asn 182 residue.展开更多
This study cloned the hemoglobin a1 from the marine teleost, the half-smooth tongue sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis）, and then examined its expression under hypoxia exposure. The full-length of CsHb-a1 （594 bp） cDNA ...This study cloned the hemoglobin a1 from the marine teleost, the half-smooth tongue sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis）, and then examined its expression under hypoxia exposure. The full-length of CsHb-a1 （594 bp） cDNA contains an open reading frame encoding 144 amino acids. Sequence analysis shows that the predicted CsHb-a1 amino acids shares high identities with that of other species. Real-time PCR showed that CsHb-a1 was highly expressed in the heart, liver, spleen, kidney and blood. Five to 120 min esposure and long-term （36 h） exposure to hypoxia （1.0 mg/L） significantly increased CsHb-a1 mRNA expression in most tissues compared to those fish held in normoxic conditions （dissolved oxygen （DO）： 6.2 mg/L）. These results suggested that the up-regulation of Hb-a1 is an important component for adaptation of half-smooth tongue sole to short-term hypoxia.展开更多
The Na+/H+ antiport genes namedTaNHX1andTaNHX2were cloned by screening a salt_stressed wheat cDNA library using rice Na+/H+ antiport cDNA fragment as the probe. Sequencing analysis showed thatTaNHX1was 2 029 bp in le...The Na+/H+ antiport genes namedTaNHX1andTaNHX2were cloned by screening a salt_stressed wheat cDNA library using rice Na+/H+ antiport cDNA fragment as the probe. Sequencing analysis showed thatTaNHX1was 2 029 bp in length and contained a complete ORF of 1 638 bp. TheTaNHX1encodes a polypeptide of 546 amino acids with a transmembrane domain DIFFIYLLPPI.TaNHX2was 1 693 bp in length consisting of a partial ORF followed by a 3′_UTR of 808 bp. The amino acid sequence of these two genes were about 70% identical to the known NHX genes from rice, Arabidopsis and Atriplex. A RT_PCR assay showed that the level ofTaNHX1transcripts was increased and reached a steady higher level in the seedlings after 3 h treatment with 400 mmol/L NaCl.展开更多
Sex determination is composed of somatic and germ-line sex differentiation hierarchies whose interaction is poorly understood. A single gene known to control somatic sex determination, the DM-domain containing （Doubl...Sex determination is composed of somatic and germ-line sex differentiation hierarchies whose interaction is poorly understood. A single gene known to control somatic sex determination, the DM-domain containing （Doublesex/Mab-3 DNA-binding motif） gene, is highly conserved across species. Vertebrate DMRT1 （DM-related transcription factor 1） expression occurs predominantly in the testis. Here, however, isolated two distinct DM-domain cDNA from Oreochromis aurea ovary and testis have been named DMRT4 （DM-related transcription factor 4） and DMRT1 by BLAST, respectively. Despite high homology in the DM-domain there is little similarity outside the DM-domain.To better understand the structure, function, and possible roles of DMRT4 and DMRT1 as potential candidates for sex differentiation and sex determination, the intact regions encoding DMRT4 and DMRT1 obtained by PCR were sub-cloned into the vector pMAL-c2x and introduced into the Escherichia coli TB1 cell for efficient fusion expression. After purification and cleavage, DMRT4 and DMRT1 proteins were used to immunize adult rabbits following standard protocols. Consequently, it was found by using Western blot analysis that polyclonal antibodies against DMRT4 and DMRT1 had high specificity. The relative expression levels of DMRT4 and DMRT1 mRNA were determined by fluorescent Real-time RT-PCR in female and male Oreochromis aurea with 13-actin as the internal standard. DMRT1 was expressed only in testis, whereas DMRT4 was over expressed in the ovary, but in both female and male, a slight expression in the brain was also detected. Statistical analysis showed that in the brain, mean DMRT4 mRNA levels in female were significantly higher than in male. Meanwhile, the expression of DMRT4 and DMRT1 protein was also analyzed using the purified antibodies through Western blot and immunohistochemistry. It was found that DMRT4 was exclusively expressed in the ovary and DMRT1 in the testis. Study on DMRT4 and DMRT1 expression facilitated the elucidation of their roles and the understanding of sex differentiation of fish.展开更多
cDNA encoding caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) from Chinese white poplar ( Populus tomentosa Carr.) was cloned by RT-PCR and sequenced. Northern analysis displayed that the CCoAOMT was expressed specifically...cDNA encoding caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) from Chinese white poplar ( Populus tomentosa Carr.) was cloned by RT-PCR and sequenced. Northern analysis displayed that the CCoAOMT was expressed specifically in the developing secondary xylem and its expression was coincident with lignification. The antisense CCoAOMT cDNA was transformed into P. tremula x P. alba mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens ( Smith et Townsend) Conn. Transgenic plants were identified with PCR, PCR-Southern and Southern analysis. Lignin content in 5- to 6-month-old transgenic plants was measured. One of the transgenic lines had significant reduction of 17.9% in Klason lignin content as compared with that of untransformed poplar. The results demonstrate that antisense repression of CCoAOMT is an efficient way to reduce lignin content for improving pulping property in engineered trees.展开更多
Architectural plasticity of clonal plants may enhance exploitation of soil moisture heterogeneity by the plants. The plasticity of clonal architecture in response to soil moisture in the stoloniferous herb, Duchesne...Architectural plasticity of clonal plants may enhance exploitation of soil moisture heterogeneity by the plants. The plasticity of clonal architecture in response to soil moisture in the stoloniferous herb, Duchesnea indica Focke, was investigated in an experiment with different soil moisture contents as treatments, i.e. 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% of the maximum moisture content of soil (MMCS). As soil moisture content increased, the spacer length, ramet density, branching intensity and branching angle of D. indica plants changed by quadratic curve. And the optimum habitat for the plants was at 80% of the MMCS. This architectural plasticity in D. indica was simulated through the Dynamic Logistic Model. The imitative effect was statistically satisfactory. Its architectural plasticity observed here may allow the species to show foraging behavior in its habitat where soil moisture is patchily distributed.展开更多
The cDNA encoding a variant of α bungarotoxin was cloned from the venom glands of Bungarus multicinctus by RT PCR.The deduced protein precursor contained a 21 amino acid signal peptide and a following 74 amino ...The cDNA encoding a variant of α bungarotoxin was cloned from the venom glands of Bungarus multicinctus by RT PCR.The deduced protein precursor contained a 21 amino acid signal peptide and a following 74 amino acid mature protein.The signal peptide is very similar to those of short chain neurotoxins,κ neurotoxins and cardiotoxins.The amino acid sequence of the mature protein is identical to α bungarotoxin (V31),a minor variant of α bungarotoxin identified by protein sequencing technique.Furthermore,the cDNA encoding the deletion precursor of α bungarotoxin was also cloned.By use of pMAL p2,the variant was overexpressed in E coli as a soluble fusion protein and purified by sepharose 6B amylose affinity chromatography,which was confirmed by western blotting with the antisera agai nst α bungarotoxin.The recombinant variant was achieved after digestion by factor X a.It displayed about 1/6 in vivo toxicity of natural α bungarotoxin.The successful cloning and functional expression of α bungarotoxin provided a basis for the future study of structure function of long neurotoxins.展开更多
基金Supported by the Jiangsu Higher School Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202311117078Y)。
文摘In this paper we use Böcklund transformation to construct soliton solutions for a coupled KdV system.This system was first proposed by Wang in 2010.First we generalize the well-known Bäcklund transformation for the KdV equation to such coupled KdV system.Then from a trivial seed solution,we construct soliton solutions.We also give a nonlinear superposition formula,which allows us to generate multi-soliton solutions.
文摘The no-cloning theorem has sparked considerable interest in achieving high-fidelity approximate quantum cloning.Most of the previous studies mainly focused on the cloning of single particle states,and cloning schemes used there are incapable of cloning quantum entangled states in multipartite systems.Few schemes were proposed for cloning multiparticle states,which consume more entanglement resources with loss of qubits,and the fidelity of the cloned state is relatively low.In this paper,cloning schemes for bipartite and tripartite entangled states based on photonic quantum walk and entanglement swapping are proposed.The results show that according to the proposed schemes,two high-fidelity(up to 0.75)cloned states can be obtained with less quantum resource consumption.Because of the simple cloning steps,few quantum resources and high fidelity,these schemes are both efficient and feasible.Moreover,this cloning machine eliminates the need for tracing out cloning machine,thereby minimizing resource waste.
文摘The careers of three Chinese physicists,Hu Ning,Ma Shijun,and Peng Huanwu at the Dublin Institute for Advance Studies in the 1940s,and later,are described.A brief history of the foundation and operations of the institute,as well as the roles in it of Erwin Schrodinger,Walter Heitler,Max Born,and others are included.Some details are given of the works carried out there.The three men's post-institute careers are described,Ma eventually in Australia,and Hu and Peng in the People's Republic of China where they became distinguished leaders of theoretical physics research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U20A20267,U1967210,12275123)Hunan Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(No.2022JJ10041)the Program of Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2020 TJ-Q03,2022SK2077).
文摘A strain of Klebsiella aerogenes(K.aerogenes)capable of decomposing calcium acetate for CaCO_(3) biomineralization was screened,and the optimum conditions for producing the maximum mass of CaCO_(3) crystals induced by Klebsiella aerogenes were found to be 0.25 mol/L calcium acetate,4%inoculum level,and pH 7.Following that,the monosaccharides and proteins contained in the extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of Klebsiella aerogenes were identified.The effects of additional identified monosaccharide and proteins on the crystalline form conversion of CaCO_(3) crystals were investigated,and the additional monosaccharides were found to promote the crystalline form conversion of CaCO_(3) crystals from vaterite to calcite.Specifically,adding 1.00 g/L glucuronic acid was observed to enhance the conversion of crystalline phases of CaCO_(3) crystals to calcite completely after 5 d.Meanwhile,additional catalase was observed to contribute to the regular morphology of CaCO_(3) crystals without affecting their crystalline phases.The results indicate that the additional glucuronic acid influences the crystalline forms of CaCO_(3) crystals significantly.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (82273506,82273508)the Hunan Provincial Health Commission Scientific Research Plan Project (D202304128334),China。
文摘Objective:The causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases has not been previously reported.This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases.Methods:The two‐sample Mendelian randomization(MR)method was used to assess the causal effect of eczema on autoimmune diseases.Summary data from the Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog(GWAS)were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit(IEU)database.For eczema and autoimmune diseases,genetic instrument variants(GIVs)were identified according to the significant difference(P<5×10−8).Causal effect estimates were generated using the inverse‐variance weighted(IVW)method.MR Egger,maximum likelihood,MR-PRESSO,and MR-RAPS methods were used for alternative analyses.Sensitivity tests,including heterogeneity,horizontal pleiotropy,and leave-one-out analyses,were performed.Finally,reverse causality was assessed.Results:Genetic susceptibility to eczema was associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease(OR=1.444,95%CI 1.199 to 1.738,P<0.001)and ulcerative colitis(OR=1.002,95%CI 1.001 to 1.003,P=0.002).However,no causal relationship was found for the other 6 autoimmune diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)(OR=0.932,P=0.401),bullous pemphigoid(BP)(OR=1.191,P=0.642),vitiligo(OR=1.000,P=0.327),multiple sclerosis(MS)(OR=1.000,P=0.965),ankylosing spondylitis(AS)(OR=1.001,P=0.121),rheumatoid arthritis(RA)(OR=1.000,P=0.460).Additionally,no reverse causal relationship was found between autoimmune diseases and eczema.Conclusion:Eczema is associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.No causal relationship is found between eczema and SLE,MS,AS,RA,BP,or vitiligo.
文摘Design and preparation of highly efficient zeolite catalysts for gas-phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime to caprolactam are attractive but still challenging.Herein,we show a one-pot synthesis of silicalite-1 zeolite nanosheets with rich H-bonded silanols.The key to this success is the use of urea in the synthetic system.Catalytic tests of cyclohexanone oxime gas-phase Beckmann rearrangement show that the silicalite-1 zeolite nanosheets with H-bonded silanols exhibit higher selectivity for caprolactam and longer reaction lifetime than those of the conventional silicalite-1 zeolite.Theoretical simulations reveal that the ammonium decomposed by urea is a critical additive for the formation of H-bond silanols.Obviously,one-pot synthesis of silicalite-1 zeolite nanosheets with rich H-bonded silanols plus excellent catalytic performance in the Beckmann rearrangement offer a new opportunity for development of highly efficient zeolites for catalytic applications in the future.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30300220)the National Basic Research Program (973 Project) (No. 2005CB120804)
文摘Several brittle culm mutants of rice were identified and characterized. In this study, we characterized a brittle mutant （bc7（t）） identified from japonica variety Zhonghua 11 by means of ^60Co-γ radiation. This mutant displays normal phenotype similar to its wild type plants except for the fragility of all plant body, with - 10% decrease in the cellulose content. The genetic analysis and gene fine mapping showed that the bc7（t） mutant was controlled by a recessive gene, residing on an 8.4 kb region of the long arm of chromosome 1. The gene annotation indicated that there was only one putative gene encoding cellulose synthase catalytic subunit （CesA） in this region, which was allelic to OsCesA4. Furthermore, the sequence analysis was carried out and 7 bases deletion in the junction of exon 10 and intron 10 was done in bc7（t） mutant, resulting in the change of reading frame and the consequent failure to generate functional protein. In addition, the result of RNA interference experiment showed that when the Bc7（t） was knocked down, the transplants exhibited fragility, similar to bc7（t） mutant. The finding of novel allele of OsCesA4 locus will facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of cell wall biosynthesis. The potential utilization of the bc7（t） mutant in animal food was discussed as well.
基金Supported by grants from State 863 High-Technology R&D Project of China(2006AA10A403)Shandong Genetic Improvement Key Project for Agricultural OrganismDoctor Initial Funding of Guangdong Ocean University(0712103)
文摘To investigate the expression characteristics of sex related gene of FTZ-F 1 in the half-smooth tongue-sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis）, the homologue FTZ-F1 （hsFTZ-F1） full-length cDNA was isolated from the testis by homologous cloning, and the cDNA included the open reading frame and a 66bp 5＇-UTR, along with a 1619bp 3＇-UTR, encoding a predicted 485 amino acid protein. Sequence, tissue distribution and phylogenic analyses of the FTZ-F1 showed that the hsFTZ-F1 belonged to SF-1/Ad4BP group. The hsFTZ-F1 transcripts were highly abundant in the gonads, kidneys, brain and head-kidneys, but weakly in other tissues. However, the expression level in the brain and head-kidney of female was highly abundant than in the male. The hsFTZ-F1 expression was highly abundant in the embryo than in the larvae, which suggested that the hsFTZ-F1 may be involved in the organogenesis in the tongue sole.
文摘A lectin protein(SFL) with molecular weight about 32 kD which markedly agglutinated rabbit and human red blood cells was purified from the roots of Sophora flavescens Ait. This protein, and apparently inhibited the growth of Fusarium vasinfectum Atk., Gibberella saubinetii (Mont.) Sacc., and Piricularia oryzae Cav. A set of degenerate PCR primer was synthesized according to the N-terminal sequence of the purified protein. The full-length cDNA coding the lectin was cloned by RT-PCR and 5'-RACE and sequenced (GenBank AF285121). The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that a preprotein with 284 amino acid residues is firstly translated and then processed to a mature protein with 254 amino acids. A N-Glycosylation site is the Asn 182 residue.
基金supported by Nature Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK2011418)the Graduate Research and Innovation of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(CX09B_106Z)Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(09KJD240004)
文摘This study cloned the hemoglobin a1 from the marine teleost, the half-smooth tongue sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis）, and then examined its expression under hypoxia exposure. The full-length of CsHb-a1 （594 bp） cDNA contains an open reading frame encoding 144 amino acids. Sequence analysis shows that the predicted CsHb-a1 amino acids shares high identities with that of other species. Real-time PCR showed that CsHb-a1 was highly expressed in the heart, liver, spleen, kidney and blood. Five to 120 min esposure and long-term （36 h） exposure to hypoxia （1.0 mg/L） significantly increased CsHb-a1 mRNA expression in most tissues compared to those fish held in normoxic conditions （dissolved oxygen （DO）： 6.2 mg/L）. These results suggested that the up-regulation of Hb-a1 is an important component for adaptation of half-smooth tongue sole to short-term hypoxia.
文摘The Na+/H+ antiport genes namedTaNHX1andTaNHX2were cloned by screening a salt_stressed wheat cDNA library using rice Na+/H+ antiport cDNA fragment as the probe. Sequencing analysis showed thatTaNHX1was 2 029 bp in length and contained a complete ORF of 1 638 bp. TheTaNHX1encodes a polypeptide of 546 amino acids with a transmembrane domain DIFFIYLLPPI.TaNHX2was 1 693 bp in length consisting of a partial ORF followed by a 3′_UTR of 808 bp. The amino acid sequence of these two genes were about 70% identical to the known NHX genes from rice, Arabidopsis and Atriplex. A RT_PCR assay showed that the level ofTaNHX1transcripts was increased and reached a steady higher level in the seedlings after 3 h treatment with 400 mmol/L NaCl.
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2004CB117401)Chinese National Programsfor High Technology Research and Development(No.2004AA243060).
文摘Sex determination is composed of somatic and germ-line sex differentiation hierarchies whose interaction is poorly understood. A single gene known to control somatic sex determination, the DM-domain containing （Doublesex/Mab-3 DNA-binding motif） gene, is highly conserved across species. Vertebrate DMRT1 （DM-related transcription factor 1） expression occurs predominantly in the testis. Here, however, isolated two distinct DM-domain cDNA from Oreochromis aurea ovary and testis have been named DMRT4 （DM-related transcription factor 4） and DMRT1 by BLAST, respectively. Despite high homology in the DM-domain there is little similarity outside the DM-domain.To better understand the structure, function, and possible roles of DMRT4 and DMRT1 as potential candidates for sex differentiation and sex determination, the intact regions encoding DMRT4 and DMRT1 obtained by PCR were sub-cloned into the vector pMAL-c2x and introduced into the Escherichia coli TB1 cell for efficient fusion expression. After purification and cleavage, DMRT4 and DMRT1 proteins were used to immunize adult rabbits following standard protocols. Consequently, it was found by using Western blot analysis that polyclonal antibodies against DMRT4 and DMRT1 had high specificity. The relative expression levels of DMRT4 and DMRT1 mRNA were determined by fluorescent Real-time RT-PCR in female and male Oreochromis aurea with 13-actin as the internal standard. DMRT1 was expressed only in testis, whereas DMRT4 was over expressed in the ovary, but in both female and male, a slight expression in the brain was also detected. Statistical analysis showed that in the brain, mean DMRT4 mRNA levels in female were significantly higher than in male. Meanwhile, the expression of DMRT4 and DMRT1 protein was also analyzed using the purified antibodies through Western blot and immunohistochemistry. It was found that DMRT4 was exclusively expressed in the ovary and DMRT1 in the testis. Study on DMRT4 and DMRT1 expression facilitated the elucidation of their roles and the understanding of sex differentiation of fish.
文摘cDNA encoding caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) from Chinese white poplar ( Populus tomentosa Carr.) was cloned by RT-PCR and sequenced. Northern analysis displayed that the CCoAOMT was expressed specifically in the developing secondary xylem and its expression was coincident with lignification. The antisense CCoAOMT cDNA was transformed into P. tremula x P. alba mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens ( Smith et Townsend) Conn. Transgenic plants were identified with PCR, PCR-Southern and Southern analysis. Lignin content in 5- to 6-month-old transgenic plants was measured. One of the transgenic lines had significant reduction of 17.9% in Klason lignin content as compared with that of untransformed poplar. The results demonstrate that antisense repression of CCoAOMT is an efficient way to reduce lignin content for improving pulping property in engineered trees.
文摘Architectural plasticity of clonal plants may enhance exploitation of soil moisture heterogeneity by the plants. The plasticity of clonal architecture in response to soil moisture in the stoloniferous herb, Duchesnea indica Focke, was investigated in an experiment with different soil moisture contents as treatments, i.e. 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% of the maximum moisture content of soil (MMCS). As soil moisture content increased, the spacer length, ramet density, branching intensity and branching angle of D. indica plants changed by quadratic curve. And the optimum habitat for the plants was at 80% of the MMCS. This architectural plasticity in D. indica was simulated through the Dynamic Logistic Model. The imitative effect was statistically satisfactory. Its architectural plasticity observed here may allow the species to show foraging behavior in its habitat where soil moisture is patchily distributed.
基金the"95"great program of Chinese Academy of Sciences! (KY95 1-A1-3 0 1-0 2 )
文摘The cDNA encoding a variant of α bungarotoxin was cloned from the venom glands of Bungarus multicinctus by RT PCR.The deduced protein precursor contained a 21 amino acid signal peptide and a following 74 amino acid mature protein.The signal peptide is very similar to those of short chain neurotoxins,κ neurotoxins and cardiotoxins.The amino acid sequence of the mature protein is identical to α bungarotoxin (V31),a minor variant of α bungarotoxin identified by protein sequencing technique.Furthermore,the cDNA encoding the deletion precursor of α bungarotoxin was also cloned.By use of pMAL p2,the variant was overexpressed in E coli as a soluble fusion protein and purified by sepharose 6B amylose affinity chromatography,which was confirmed by western blotting with the antisera agai nst α bungarotoxin.The recombinant variant was achieved after digestion by factor X a.It displayed about 1/6 in vivo toxicity of natural α bungarotoxin.The successful cloning and functional expression of α bungarotoxin provided a basis for the future study of structure function of long neurotoxins.
