近日,中国科学院海洋研究所鱼类分类与系统发育研究团队在世界鲳科(Stromateidae)鲳属(Pampus)鱼类分类及地理分布格局研究方面获得新进展。该研究基于分子系统学和物种界定方法,综合分析了全球鲳属线粒体序列和分布数据,首次揭示世界...近日,中国科学院海洋研究所鱼类分类与系统发育研究团队在世界鲳科(Stromateidae)鲳属(Pampus)鱼类分类及地理分布格局研究方面获得新进展。该研究基于分子系统学和物种界定方法,综合分析了全球鲳属线粒体序列和分布数据,首次揭示世界鲳属鱼类物种多样性和地理分布格局。相关研究成果发表在Frontiers in Marine Science上。展开更多
The status of fishery stocks in the coastal waters of China is far from ideal, mainly due to climate change and the impacts of human activities （e.g., pollution and overfishing）. Thus, the restoration and protection...The status of fishery stocks in the coastal waters of China is far from ideal, mainly due to climate change and the impacts of human activities （e.g., pollution and overfishing）. Thus, the restoration and protection of fishery resources have become critical and complex. The stability and balanced structure of the fish community is a basic foundation for the protection of fishery resources. Based on data collected from bottom trawls by the R/V Beidou in continental shelf of the East China Sea in November 2006 and February 2007, changes in the composition and diversity of fish species and functional groups were analyzed. The research area was divided into offshore waters and inshore waters by the two-way indicator species analysis （TWIA）. The results showed that the dominant species were different between offshore waters and inshore waters and also varied with the survey time. The most abundant family was Sciaenidae and Teraponidae in November 2006, Sciaenidae, Engraulidae and Triglidae were most abundant in February 2007. The species belonged mainly to mobile piscivores （G6）, benthivores/piscivores （G4）, benthivores （G3） and planktivores （G1）, and the dominant species in November 2006 were commercial species （e.g. Larimichthys polyactis and Trichiurusjaponicus）, but small-sized species were dominant in February 2007 （e.g., Harpadon nehereus, Benthosema pterotum, Champsodon capensis, and Acropoma japonieum）. The species diversity showed a similar trend as the functional group diversity. Stations with higher diversity were mainly distributed in inshore waters in February 2007, whereas higher diversity was found in offshore waters in November 2006. The highest biomass and species number were found in G6 group, followed by the G4, G5 and GI groups. The distribution of the number of individuals of each functional group showed the opposite trend as that of the biomass distribution. In addition, the size spectra were mainly concentrated around 3-29 cm, and the individual number of fish species gradually decreased with the increase in body size, but the relative biomass showed a moderate fluctuation in each size class. These changes showed that species with faster growth rate and earlier maturity age became dominant in continental shelf of the East China Sea. So the variations in biological characteristics of fish should be fully considered in maintaining sustainable utilization of fishery resource.展开更多
Laizhou Bay provides a critical spawning and nursery habitat for many fishery species, including commercially important spe- cies, such as Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Larimichthys polyactis. The bay is severely stres...Laizhou Bay provides a critical spawning and nursery habitat for many fishery species, including commercially important spe- cies, such as Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Larimichthys polyactis. The bay is severely stressed due to high fishing pressure and environmental changes. Based on the long-term ecosystem surveys in Laizhou Bay during the main spawning period （May） of most fishery species from 1959 to 2008, the responses of the Laizhou Bay fishery ecosystem were analyzed here, including regime shifts in species composition, biomass, species diversity, zooplankton, phytoplankton, and environmental variables. The dominant species of large-size and high economic value （e.g. Trichiurus haumela, L. polyactis） have been replaced by the short-lived, low-trophic-level planktivorous pelagic species （e.g. Setipinna taty, Engraulisjaponicus） since the 1980s, and it is probable that the small-sized pelagic fishes have been recently replaced by invertebrates （e.g. Oratosquilla oratoria, Crangon affinis）. The biomass of fishery resources declined continuously from 423.6 kg haul 1 h-1 in 1959 to 164.6 kg haul-l h i in 1982, 37.7 kg haul-1 h-1 in 1993, and less than 8 kg haul 1 h-a in 1998-2008. Moreover, the biomass of zooplankton showed an increasing trend during 1959-2006, but showed a slight decline in 2008. The abundance of phytoplankton increased from 1959 through 1982, decreased substantially in 1993, and increased again until 2004. More recently, however, the phytoplankton abundance was very low. The sea surface temperature （SST） and sea bottom temperature （SBT） in May increased by 0.23~C a-~ and 0.16~C a-~, respectively, during 1982-2008. The salinity in May showed large fluctuations and reached its lowest val- ues in 2004 and 2006. The ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen （DIN） to dissolved inorganic phosphate （DIP） increased. However, the dissolved silicon （DSi）：DIP and DSi：DIN ratios decreased to a low level during 1959-2008. These changes seri- ously impacted primary production, and cascade effects then changed the structure and function of the fishery ecosystem. Fur- ther analysis indicated that multiple stresses caused the alterations in the structure of the Laizhou Bay fishery ecosystem. The top-down effect was identified as the main influence on the fishery species （at the top of the food chain） over the past five decades due to the increasing fishing pressure, whereas the bottom-up effect increased over the past three decades due to the strong variations in the environment.展开更多
文摘近日,中国科学院海洋研究所鱼类分类与系统发育研究团队在世界鲳科(Stromateidae)鲳属(Pampus)鱼类分类及地理分布格局研究方面获得新进展。该研究基于分子系统学和物种界定方法,综合分析了全球鲳属线粒体序列和分布数据,首次揭示世界鲳属鱼类物种多样性和地理分布格局。相关研究成果发表在Frontiers in Marine Science上。
基金Supported by the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31061160187)the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2010CB951204)+1 种基金Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong ProvinceYellow & Bohai Sea Scientific Observation and Experiment Station for Fishery Resources and Environment,Ministry of Agriculture
文摘The status of fishery stocks in the coastal waters of China is far from ideal, mainly due to climate change and the impacts of human activities （e.g., pollution and overfishing）. Thus, the restoration and protection of fishery resources have become critical and complex. The stability and balanced structure of the fish community is a basic foundation for the protection of fishery resources. Based on data collected from bottom trawls by the R/V Beidou in continental shelf of the East China Sea in November 2006 and February 2007, changes in the composition and diversity of fish species and functional groups were analyzed. The research area was divided into offshore waters and inshore waters by the two-way indicator species analysis （TWIA）. The results showed that the dominant species were different between offshore waters and inshore waters and also varied with the survey time. The most abundant family was Sciaenidae and Teraponidae in November 2006, Sciaenidae, Engraulidae and Triglidae were most abundant in February 2007. The species belonged mainly to mobile piscivores （G6）, benthivores/piscivores （G4）, benthivores （G3） and planktivores （G1）, and the dominant species in November 2006 were commercial species （e.g. Larimichthys polyactis and Trichiurusjaponicus）, but small-sized species were dominant in February 2007 （e.g., Harpadon nehereus, Benthosema pterotum, Champsodon capensis, and Acropoma japonieum）. The species diversity showed a similar trend as the functional group diversity. Stations with higher diversity were mainly distributed in inshore waters in February 2007, whereas higher diversity was found in offshore waters in November 2006. The highest biomass and species number were found in G6 group, followed by the G4, G5 and GI groups. The distribution of the number of individuals of each functional group showed the opposite trend as that of the biomass distribution. In addition, the size spectra were mainly concentrated around 3-29 cm, and the individual number of fish species gradually decreased with the increase in body size, but the relative biomass showed a moderate fluctuation in each size class. These changes showed that species with faster growth rate and earlier maturity age became dominant in continental shelf of the East China Sea. So the variations in biological characteristics of fish should be fully considered in maintaining sustainable utilization of fishery resource.
基金supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(Grant No.200903005)National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos.2011CB409805 and 2010CB951204)Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province
文摘Laizhou Bay provides a critical spawning and nursery habitat for many fishery species, including commercially important spe- cies, such as Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Larimichthys polyactis. The bay is severely stressed due to high fishing pressure and environmental changes. Based on the long-term ecosystem surveys in Laizhou Bay during the main spawning period （May） of most fishery species from 1959 to 2008, the responses of the Laizhou Bay fishery ecosystem were analyzed here, including regime shifts in species composition, biomass, species diversity, zooplankton, phytoplankton, and environmental variables. The dominant species of large-size and high economic value （e.g. Trichiurus haumela, L. polyactis） have been replaced by the short-lived, low-trophic-level planktivorous pelagic species （e.g. Setipinna taty, Engraulisjaponicus） since the 1980s, and it is probable that the small-sized pelagic fishes have been recently replaced by invertebrates （e.g. Oratosquilla oratoria, Crangon affinis）. The biomass of fishery resources declined continuously from 423.6 kg haul 1 h-1 in 1959 to 164.6 kg haul-l h i in 1982, 37.7 kg haul-1 h-1 in 1993, and less than 8 kg haul 1 h-a in 1998-2008. Moreover, the biomass of zooplankton showed an increasing trend during 1959-2006, but showed a slight decline in 2008. The abundance of phytoplankton increased from 1959 through 1982, decreased substantially in 1993, and increased again until 2004. More recently, however, the phytoplankton abundance was very low. The sea surface temperature （SST） and sea bottom temperature （SBT） in May increased by 0.23~C a-~ and 0.16~C a-~, respectively, during 1982-2008. The salinity in May showed large fluctuations and reached its lowest val- ues in 2004 and 2006. The ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen （DIN） to dissolved inorganic phosphate （DIP） increased. However, the dissolved silicon （DSi）：DIP and DSi：DIN ratios decreased to a low level during 1959-2008. These changes seri- ously impacted primary production, and cascade effects then changed the structure and function of the fishery ecosystem. Fur- ther analysis indicated that multiple stresses caused the alterations in the structure of the Laizhou Bay fishery ecosystem. The top-down effect was identified as the main influence on the fishery species （at the top of the food chain） over the past five decades due to the increasing fishing pressure, whereas the bottom-up effect increased over the past three decades due to the strong variations in the environment.
