[Objective] The Cu-tolerance and Cu enrichment capacity of TLSB2-K were investigated. [Method] The previously isolated TLSB2-K strain was identified though morphological observation, gram staining and 16S rDNA sequenc...[Objective] The Cu-tolerance and Cu enrichment capacity of TLSB2-K were investigated. [Method] The previously isolated TLSB2-K strain was identified though morphological observation, gram staining and 16S rDNA sequence alignment. In ad- dition, the effects of temperature, pH and osmotic pressure on the growth of strain were also investigated by using shaking culture. The Cu-tolerance and Cu enrich- ment capacity of TLSB2-K strain under Cu stress were also studied. [Result] The results showed TLSB2-K belongs to Bacillus spp., and its optimum growth conditions were as follows： temperature, 27 ~C; pH, 7.0; osmotic pressure, 1.1% NaCI. When the Cu concentration ranged from 100 mg/L to 500 mg/L, the strain grew well; when the Cu concentration ranged from 100 mg/L to 400 mg/L, the Cu content in bacteria was increased with the increase of Cu concentration; when the Cu con- centration was 400 mg/L and the incubation time was 30 h, the Cu content in bac- teria reached the peak （2 250 mg/kg）; the highest tolerant concentration was 700 mg/L. [Conclusion] TLSB2-K strain had relatively high Cu tolerance and Cu enrich- ment capacity. They had important theoretical research and engineering application values.展开更多
A vision-based color analysis system was developed for rapid estimation of copper content in the secondary copper smelting process. Firstly, cross section images of secondary copper samples were captured by the design...A vision-based color analysis system was developed for rapid estimation of copper content in the secondary copper smelting process. Firstly, cross section images of secondary copper samples were captured by the designed vision system. After the preprocessing and segmenting procedures, the images were selected according to their grayscale standard deviations of pixels and percentages of edge pixels in the luminance component. The selected images were then used to extract the information of the improved color vector angles, from which the copper content estimation model was developed based on the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) method. For comparison, three additional LSSVR models, namely, only with sample selection, only with improved color vector angle, without sample selection or improved color vector angle, were developed. In addition, two exponential models, namely, with sample selection, without sample selection, were developed. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is more effective for improving the copper content estimation accuracy, particularly when the sample size is small.展开更多
A new kinetic-spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of copper (Ⅱ). The method is based on the catalytic effect of copper (Ⅱ) on the oxidation of weak acid brilliant blue dye (RAWL) by hydrogen ...A new kinetic-spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of copper (Ⅱ). The method is based on the catalytic effect of copper (Ⅱ) on the oxidation of weak acid brilliant blue dye (RAWL) by hydrogen peroxide. The copper (Ⅱ) can be determined spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease of absorbance of RAWL at λ = 626 nm using the fix-time method. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows: pH 7.20, buffer solution NaOH-KH2PO4, RAWL (200 mg L-1) 5.00 mL, H2O2 (30%) 0.50 mL, reaction temperature 80℃ and reaction time 20 min. The linear range of this method is between 0 μg L-1 and 12 μg L-1 and the limit of detection is 0.011 μg L-1, the relative standard deviation (RSD) in five replicate determinations for 2 and 8 μg L-1 copper (Ⅱ) are 3.2% and 2.3%, respectively. Twenty ions do not interfere in the determination of copper (Ⅱ). The method has been applied satisfactorily to the determination of copper (Ⅱ) in freshwater samples (tap water and Yellow River water from Lijin, Shandong, China) and seawater samples (from the South China Sea), the recovery rates are 98.0%, 102.5% and 96.0%, respectively.展开更多
opper salicylate complex has been synthesized and its composition was analyzed. The four surfactants(Tween 20, 40, 60, 80) were purified and their critical micelle concentrations(CMC) in phosphate buffer (pH=7....opper salicylate complex has been synthesized and its composition was analyzed. The four surfactants(Tween 20, 40, 60, 80) were purified and their critical micelle concentrations(CMC) in phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) were measured. The SOD like activity of copper salicylate complex was assayed using the cytochrome c reduction method in different media. The cooperative effect of the complex with micelles was studied in detail. SOD like activity of the complex was enhanced in the presence of surfactants. The four surfactants themselves display SOD like activities to a certain extent. Similar results were obtained in the experiment for the antilipid peroxidation of red cell membrane. These results might be explained by the fact of micellar catalysis. It was suggested that the copper salicylate Tween system used as a potential antiinflammatory drug might be worthwhile to be further studied.展开更多
The differences between the formation processes of lab backfill samples and field backfill were analysed. An improved sampling mold, containing an outer box shell and inner sampling mold, was put forward. The new and ...The differences between the formation processes of lab backfill samples and field backfill were analysed. An improved sampling mold, containing an outer box shell and inner sampling mold, was put forward. The new and traditional test molds were applied to make subsequent-backfill samples of Yong-ping Copper Mine. The observation of mass fraction and theory analysis of settlement and distribution of tailing particles were carried out. The research results show that the magnitude of the strength of the backfill forming in new mold is lower than that of backfill forming in traditional mold, and the biggest gap amounts to 36%.展开更多
The leaching behaviour of Cu and Zn from contaminated soils at a copper mine was investigated using four extractants： citric acid （CA）, oxalic acid （OA）, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA） and nitrilotriace...The leaching behaviour of Cu and Zn from contaminated soils at a copper mine was investigated using four extractants： citric acid （CA）, oxalic acid （OA）, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA） and nitrilotriacetic acid （NTA）. Six soil samples were characterized for the distribution of four chemical fractions of Cu or Zn （acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable and residual）. For the extraction of Cu, EDTA is more effective than other extmctants when the concentration is less than 0.02 mol/L. The leaching efficiency for Cu was at least 15% higher for EDTA than for the other extractants at the same concentrations. Similar leaching behaviour was observed in the extraction of Zn. After extraction by CA, OA, EDTA or NTA, the acid-soluble fractions and the reducible fractions of Cu were the main fractions extracted. The potential environmental risks related to speciation were evaluated, and after extraction these risks were reduced.展开更多
Eleven acid mine drainage （AMD） samples were obtained from southeast of China for the analysis of the microbial communities diversity, and the relationship with geochemical variables and spatial distance by using a ...Eleven acid mine drainage （AMD） samples were obtained from southeast of China for the analysis of the microbial communities diversity, and the relationship with geochemical variables and spatial distance by using a culture-independent 16S rDNA gene phylogenetic analysis approach and multivariate analysis respectively. The principle component analysis （PCA） of geochemical variables shows that eleven AMDs can be clustered into two groups, relative high and low metal rich （RHMR and RLMR） AMDs. Total 1691 clone sequences are obtained and the detrended correspondence analysis （DCA） of operational taxonomic units （OTUs） shows that, ~,-Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes and Nitrospirae are dominant species in RHMR AMDs. In contrast, a-Proteobacteria, fl-Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Bacteriodetes are dominant species in RLMR AMD. Results also show that high-abundance putative iron-oxidizing and only putative sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms are found in RHMR AMD. Multivariate analysis shows that both geochemical variables （r=0.429 3, P=-0.037 7） and spatial distance （r=0.321 3, P=-0.018 1） are significantly positively correlated with microbial community and pH, Mg, Fe, S, Cu and Ca are key geochemistry factors in shaping microbial community. Variance partitioning analysis shows that geochemical variables and spatial distance can explain most （92%） of the variation.展开更多
Heavy metals are persistent pollutants in the environment. Problems associated with the cleanup of sites contaminated by metals have demonstrated the need to develop remediation technologies that are feasible, quick, ...Heavy metals are persistent pollutants in the environment. Problems associated with the cleanup of sites contaminated by metals have demonstrated the need to develop remediation technologies that are feasible, quick, and effective in a wide range of physical settings. In this study we have investigated the adsorption of Cu（lI）, onto red soil in single and multi-element systems as a function of soil and heavy metal concentrations. Before contamination, soils were characterized to determine particle size, pH, organic matter content and heavy metal contents. The results of experimental sorption data fitted very well the Freundlich isotherm model with n = 1.4 and k = 1.25 and first order kinetics model. The best pH for adsorption of Cu^2＋ on red soil was found to be 4.0. Adsorption of metals on soil increased in the order Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Zn ≈ Cd. This trend might be related to the increase in the electronegativity of the metal ion.展开更多
β-amyloid (Aβ) and copper play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).However,the behavioral correlativity and molecular mechanisms of Aβ and copper toxicity have been investigated less of...β-amyloid (Aβ) and copper play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).However,the behavioral correlativity and molecular mechanisms of Aβ and copper toxicity have been investigated less often.In the present study,we investigated the interaction and toxicity of Aβ1-42 and copper in the Aβ1-42 transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans worm model CL2006.Our data show that the paralysis behavior of CL2006 worms significantly deteriorated after exposure to 10-3 mol L-1 copper ions.However,the paralysis behavior was dramatically attenuated with exposure to 10-4 mol L-1 copper ions.The exogenous copper treatment also partially changed the homeostatic balance of zinc,manganese,and iron.Our data suggest that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was responsible for the paralysis induced by Aβ and copper in CL2006.The ROS generation induced by Aβ and copper appear to be through sod-1,prdx-2,skn-1,hsp-60 and hsp-16.2 genes.展开更多
Soil samples were collected from apple orchards 5,15,20,30,and 45 years old,and one adjacent forest soil was used as reference to investigate the free Cu2+ion activity in soil solution and the soil Cu fractionation in...Soil samples were collected from apple orchards 5,15,20,30,and 45 years old,and one adjacent forest soil was used as reference to investigate the free Cu2+ion activity in soil solution and the soil Cu fractionation in the solid phase following long-term application of copper fungicide,Bordeaux mixture,in apple orchards and to investigate the relationships among soil free Cu2+ions,Cu fractionation and soil microbial parameters.The total Cu concentration in the orchard soils varied from 21.8 to 141 mg kg-1,increasing with the orchard age,and the value for the reference soil was 12.5 mg kg-1.The free Cu2+ion concentrations in the soil solutions extracted by 0.01 mol L-1 KNO3 ranged from 3.13×10-8(reference)to 4.08×10-6 mol L-1(45 years-old orchard).The concentration of Cu complexed in the fulvic fraction increased with orchard age from 5.16 to 52.5 mg kg-1.This was also the case for other soil Cu fractions except the residual one.The residual soil Cu remained practically constant,ranging from 4.28 to 5.66 mg kg-1,suggesting that anthropogenic soil Cu mainly existed in the more labile active fractions.Regression analyses revealed that both the free Cu2+ions in the soil solution and the humic acid-complexed Cu fraction in the solid phase were strongly related with soil microbial parameters.展开更多
By sintering CaCu3Ti4O12ceramics at different temperatures and testing the samples＇ properties, the segregation behavior of Cu and its effects were carefully studied. As the temperature rises, CuO segregates to the g...By sintering CaCu3Ti4O12ceramics at different temperatures and testing the samples＇ properties, the segregation behavior of Cu and its effects were carefully studied. As the temperature rises, CuO segregates to the grain boundaries and gradually volatilize. Complete decomposition and volatilization occur at 1150℃. The behavior of CuO is found to be closely related to the formation of the grain boundary barrier, as well as the acquirement and evolution of the electrical properties, which are revealed in the research.展开更多
基金Supported by Hubei Provincial Department of Education Youth Found(Q2014402)Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2011CDA037)+2 种基金Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of Hubei Province(2012DCA23)Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Mining Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Open Foundation(2012106)Project of Outstanding Yong and Middleaged Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Colleges and Universities in Hubei Province(T201223)~~
文摘[Objective] The Cu-tolerance and Cu enrichment capacity of TLSB2-K were investigated. [Method] The previously isolated TLSB2-K strain was identified though morphological observation, gram staining and 16S rDNA sequence alignment. In ad- dition, the effects of temperature, pH and osmotic pressure on the growth of strain were also investigated by using shaking culture. The Cu-tolerance and Cu enrich- ment capacity of TLSB2-K strain under Cu stress were also studied. [Result] The results showed TLSB2-K belongs to Bacillus spp., and its optimum growth conditions were as follows： temperature, 27 ~C; pH, 7.0; osmotic pressure, 1.1% NaCI. When the Cu concentration ranged from 100 mg/L to 500 mg/L, the strain grew well; when the Cu concentration ranged from 100 mg/L to 400 mg/L, the Cu content in bacteria was increased with the increase of Cu concentration; when the Cu con- centration was 400 mg/L and the incubation time was 30 h, the Cu content in bac- teria reached the peak （2 250 mg/kg）; the highest tolerant concentration was 700 mg/L. [Conclusion] TLSB2-K strain had relatively high Cu tolerance and Cu enrich- ment capacity. They had important theoretical research and engineering application values.
基金Project(2011BAE23B05)supported by National Key Technology R&D Program of ChinaProject(61004134)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(LQ13F030007)supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A vision-based color analysis system was developed for rapid estimation of copper content in the secondary copper smelting process. Firstly, cross section images of secondary copper samples were captured by the designed vision system. After the preprocessing and segmenting procedures, the images were selected according to their grayscale standard deviations of pixels and percentages of edge pixels in the luminance component. The selected images were then used to extract the information of the improved color vector angles, from which the copper content estimation model was developed based on the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) method. For comparison, three additional LSSVR models, namely, only with sample selection, only with improved color vector angle, without sample selection or improved color vector angle, were developed. In addition, two exponential models, namely, with sample selection, without sample selection, were developed. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is more effective for improving the copper content estimation accuracy, particularly when the sample size is small.
文摘A new kinetic-spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of copper (Ⅱ). The method is based on the catalytic effect of copper (Ⅱ) on the oxidation of weak acid brilliant blue dye (RAWL) by hydrogen peroxide. The copper (Ⅱ) can be determined spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease of absorbance of RAWL at λ = 626 nm using the fix-time method. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows: pH 7.20, buffer solution NaOH-KH2PO4, RAWL (200 mg L-1) 5.00 mL, H2O2 (30%) 0.50 mL, reaction temperature 80℃ and reaction time 20 min. The linear range of this method is between 0 μg L-1 and 12 μg L-1 and the limit of detection is 0.011 μg L-1, the relative standard deviation (RSD) in five replicate determinations for 2 and 8 μg L-1 copper (Ⅱ) are 3.2% and 2.3%, respectively. Twenty ions do not interfere in the determination of copper (Ⅱ). The method has been applied satisfactorily to the determination of copper (Ⅱ) in freshwater samples (tap water and Yellow River water from Lijin, Shandong, China) and seawater samples (from the South China Sea), the recovery rates are 98.0%, 102.5% and 96.0%, respectively.
文摘opper salicylate complex has been synthesized and its composition was analyzed. The four surfactants(Tween 20, 40, 60, 80) were purified and their critical micelle concentrations(CMC) in phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) were measured. The SOD like activity of copper salicylate complex was assayed using the cytochrome c reduction method in different media. The cooperative effect of the complex with micelles was studied in detail. SOD like activity of the complex was enhanced in the presence of surfactants. The four surfactants themselves display SOD like activities to a certain extent. Similar results were obtained in the experiment for the antilipid peroxidation of red cell membrane. These results might be explained by the fact of micellar catalysis. It was suggested that the copper salicylate Tween system used as a potential antiinflammatory drug might be worthwhile to be further studied.
基金Project(2010CB732004) Supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(50934006) supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology of Shanghai+1 种基金 ChinaProject(CX2012B073) supported by Doctoral Candidates' Scientific Research Innovation Program of Hunan Province, China
文摘The differences between the formation processes of lab backfill samples and field backfill were analysed. An improved sampling mold, containing an outer box shell and inner sampling mold, was put forward. The new and traditional test molds were applied to make subsequent-backfill samples of Yong-ping Copper Mine. The observation of mass fraction and theory analysis of settlement and distribution of tailing particles were carried out. The research results show that the magnitude of the strength of the backfill forming in new mold is lower than that of backfill forming in traditional mold, and the biggest gap amounts to 36%.
基金Project(2232013A3-08)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject supported by Shanghai Pujiang Program and DHU Distinguished Young Professor Program,China
文摘The leaching behaviour of Cu and Zn from contaminated soils at a copper mine was investigated using four extractants： citric acid （CA）, oxalic acid （OA）, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA） and nitrilotriacetic acid （NTA）. Six soil samples were characterized for the distribution of four chemical fractions of Cu or Zn （acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable and residual）. For the extraction of Cu, EDTA is more effective than other extmctants when the concentration is less than 0.02 mol/L. The leaching efficiency for Cu was at least 15% higher for EDTA than for the other extractants at the same concentrations. Similar leaching behaviour was observed in the extraction of Zn. After extraction by CA, OA, EDTA or NTA, the acid-soluble fractions and the reducible fractions of Cu were the main fractions extracted. The potential environmental risks related to speciation were evaluated, and after extraction these risks were reduced.
基金Project(2010CB630901) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(50621063) supported by Creative Research Group of China+2 种基金Projects(51104189, 50321402, 50774102) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (1343-77341) supported by the Graduate Education Innovative Program of Central South University, ChinaProject(DOE-ER64125) supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Science under the Environmental Remediation Science Program of USA
文摘Eleven acid mine drainage （AMD） samples were obtained from southeast of China for the analysis of the microbial communities diversity, and the relationship with geochemical variables and spatial distance by using a culture-independent 16S rDNA gene phylogenetic analysis approach and multivariate analysis respectively. The principle component analysis （PCA） of geochemical variables shows that eleven AMDs can be clustered into two groups, relative high and low metal rich （RHMR and RLMR） AMDs. Total 1691 clone sequences are obtained and the detrended correspondence analysis （DCA） of operational taxonomic units （OTUs） shows that, ~,-Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes and Nitrospirae are dominant species in RHMR AMDs. In contrast, a-Proteobacteria, fl-Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Bacteriodetes are dominant species in RLMR AMD. Results also show that high-abundance putative iron-oxidizing and only putative sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms are found in RHMR AMD. Multivariate analysis shows that both geochemical variables （r=0.429 3, P=-0.037 7） and spatial distance （r=0.321 3, P=-0.018 1） are significantly positively correlated with microbial community and pH, Mg, Fe, S, Cu and Ca are key geochemistry factors in shaping microbial community. Variance partitioning analysis shows that geochemical variables and spatial distance can explain most （92%） of the variation.
文摘Heavy metals are persistent pollutants in the environment. Problems associated with the cleanup of sites contaminated by metals have demonstrated the need to develop remediation technologies that are feasible, quick, and effective in a wide range of physical settings. In this study we have investigated the adsorption of Cu（lI）, onto red soil in single and multi-element systems as a function of soil and heavy metal concentrations. Before contamination, soils were characterized to determine particle size, pH, organic matter content and heavy metal contents. The results of experimental sorption data fitted very well the Freundlich isotherm model with n = 1.4 and k = 1.25 and first order kinetics model. The best pH for adsorption of Cu^2＋ on red soil was found to be 4.0. Adsorption of metals on soil increased in the order Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Zn ≈ Cd. This trend might be related to the increase in the electronegativity of the metal ion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30870578)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB500700)funded by the US National Institutes of Health for providing nematode strains used in this work
文摘β-amyloid (Aβ) and copper play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).However,the behavioral correlativity and molecular mechanisms of Aβ and copper toxicity have been investigated less often.In the present study,we investigated the interaction and toxicity of Aβ1-42 and copper in the Aβ1-42 transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans worm model CL2006.Our data show that the paralysis behavior of CL2006 worms significantly deteriorated after exposure to 10-3 mol L-1 copper ions.However,the paralysis behavior was dramatically attenuated with exposure to 10-4 mol L-1 copper ions.The exogenous copper treatment also partially changed the homeostatic balance of zinc,manganese,and iron.Our data suggest that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was responsible for the paralysis induced by Aβ and copper in CL2006.The ROS generation induced by Aβ and copper appear to be through sod-1,prdx-2,skn-1,hsp-60 and hsp-16.2 genes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.40871115 and 40671095)
文摘Soil samples were collected from apple orchards 5,15,20,30,and 45 years old,and one adjacent forest soil was used as reference to investigate the free Cu2+ion activity in soil solution and the soil Cu fractionation in the solid phase following long-term application of copper fungicide,Bordeaux mixture,in apple orchards and to investigate the relationships among soil free Cu2+ions,Cu fractionation and soil microbial parameters.The total Cu concentration in the orchard soils varied from 21.8 to 141 mg kg-1,increasing with the orchard age,and the value for the reference soil was 12.5 mg kg-1.The free Cu2+ion concentrations in the soil solutions extracted by 0.01 mol L-1 KNO3 ranged from 3.13×10-8(reference)to 4.08×10-6 mol L-1(45 years-old orchard).The concentration of Cu complexed in the fulvic fraction increased with orchard age from 5.16 to 52.5 mg kg-1.This was also the case for other soil Cu fractions except the residual one.The residual soil Cu remained practically constant,ranging from 4.28 to 5.66 mg kg-1,suggesting that anthropogenic soil Cu mainly existed in the more labile active fractions.Regression analyses revealed that both the free Cu2+ions in the soil solution and the humic acid-complexed Cu fraction in the solid phase were strongly related with soil microbial parameters.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China ("973"Program)(Grant No.2009CB623303)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50425721,50677029 and 50737001)
文摘By sintering CaCu3Ti4O12ceramics at different temperatures and testing the samples＇ properties, the segregation behavior of Cu and its effects were carefully studied. As the temperature rises, CuO segregates to the grain boundaries and gradually volatilize. Complete decomposition and volatilization occur at 1150℃. The behavior of CuO is found to be closely related to the formation of the grain boundary barrier, as well as the acquirement and evolution of the electrical properties, which are revealed in the research.
