[Objective] In this study, the performance and blood biochemical indices in lamps fed on milk replacer were researched, the feasibility of early weaned in lamps was discussed. [Method] 37 of 10 days lambs of Suffolk...[Objective] In this study, the performance and blood biochemical indices in lamps fed on milk replacer were researched, the feasibility of early weaned in lamps was discussed. [Method] 37 of 10 days lambs of Suffolk（♂） x XiaoWeiHanYang（ ♀ ） were randomly divided into group A, B, C, D for this experiment. Group A, B, C were fed by 3 milk-replacers containing milk for different protein source respectively, and ten Iambs in each group; group D （seven lambs） were fed by ewes as the control. The performance and blood biochemical indices of the lamps were determined. [ Result] The results showed that the average daily gains of 10 - 15 days of age was not significantly different between group A and D （ P 〉 O. 05 ）, the control were higher significandy than the group B,C （P 〈0.05）. The average daily gains of 16 -25, 26 -35 days of age were not significantly different in group A, B, C, D. The daily weight gains of Group A, B, C in 45 - 55 days of age were higher significantly than the control （P〈0.05 ）. Plasma urea nitrogen （PUN） of group B and C were higher than group A significantly （P〈0.05 ） ;Total protein （ TP）, Plasma albumin （ALB） and Plasma total amino acid were no significant difference among the other 3 groups （P〉0.05 ）. [Conclusion] So, the milk-replacers were available for early-weaned lamb.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different padding on ammonia concentration in broiler house and growth performance and blood indi- cators of broilers. [Method] A total of 480 one-day-old 817...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different padding on ammonia concentration in broiler house and growth performance and blood indi- cators of broilers. [Method] A total of 480 one-day-old 817 broilers were selected. They were randomly divided into four groups with different paddings, and each group was in triplicate. The weights of broilers and feed were weighed weekly. The growth performance of broilers was determined. On day 30, the ammonia concentra- tions in broiler houses were determined. On day 35, 6 broilers were randomly se- lected from each group, and their vein blood was sampled. In the sampled vein blood, the concentrations of ammonia, glucose, globulin, serum total protein and urea nitrogen were determined. [Result] There were significant differences in ammo- nia concentration among broiler houses laid with different paddings （P〈0.05）. The ammonia concentration in group 1 was significantly lower than those in group 3 and group 4 （P〈0.05）. No significant difference was found in ammonia concentrations in broiler houses between group 2 and group 3 （P〉0.05）. The ammonia concentration in group 4 was significantly higher than those in group1, group 2 and group 3 （,0〈 0.05）. There were also significant differences in blood indicators among different groups （P〈0.05）. The blood ammonia, blood glucose and serum urea nitrogen con- centrations in group 1 were significantly lower than those in other groups （P〈0.05）, the serum total protein concentration was significantly higher than those in group 3 and group 4 （P〈0.05）, and the serum globulin concentration was significantly higher than those in group 2, group 3 and group 4 （P〈0.05）. Significant differences were observed in feed intake, body weight gain and slaughter weight between different groups （P〈0.05）, but there were no significant differences in feed to grain ratio （P〉 0.05）. [Conclusion] Under the experimental conditions, the padding of Chinese medicine residue showed better effect on reducing ammonia concentration in broiler house, which was conducive to play of production potential of broilers.展开更多
The effect of inhaled nano-TiO2 on lung histology and serum biochemical indexes is evaluated in healthy and adult Kunming mice（eight in each group）after exposure to TiO2 aerosols（1 500 mg/m3）in a sealed chamber.An...The effect of inhaled nano-TiO2 on lung histology and serum biochemical indexes is evaluated in healthy and adult Kunming mice（eight in each group）after exposure to TiO2 aerosols（1 500 mg/m3）in a sealed chamber.Another eight mice are exposed to indoor air to be served as a control group.Lung tissue and blood are collected after euthanizing the animals.The results show that lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）activity increases in all experimental groups.Alanine aminotransferase（ALT）activity and blood urea nitrogen（BUN）levels are increased in the group exposed to TiO2 aerosols for 28 d,and creatinine（Cr）levels are increased in 14 d and 28 d samples（P0.05）.No obvious changes are observed in other serum indexes.Lungs of mice exposed to 28 d exposure show significant but moderate increase in pulmonary inflammation,and many TiO2 particles are found in the interstitium of pulmonary alveoli.展开更多
In order to investigate the effects of probiotics on growth performance, blood biochemical indexes and economic benefits of Cherry Valley ducks, different probiotics were added into the feed of Cherry Valley ducks. To...In order to investigate the effects of probiotics on growth performance, blood biochemical indexes and economic benefits of Cherry Valley ducks, different probiotics were added into the feed of Cherry Valley ducks. Total 240 1-d-old Cherry Valley ducks were selected, and they were randomly divided into 4 groups, including 1 control group and 3 treatment groups. There were 3 replicates for each group and there were 20 ducks for each replicate. The ducks in the control group were fed the basal diet, and the ducks in the 3 treatment groups were fed the basal diet added with Lactobacillus, Bacillus natto and florfenicol, respectively. The test lasted for 42 d. The results showed that the addition of Lactobacillus and Bacillus natto could improve the average daily weight gain and final average weight （P〈0.05） of Cherry Valley ducks, and reduce the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ac- tivity, alkaline phosphatase activity and serum urinary nitrogen content in duck blood （P〈0.05） and reduce the creatinine content and total cholesterol content in Cherry Valley ducks （P〉0.05）; at the same time, adding probiotics to feed could also in- crease the grass economic benefits of Cherry Valley ducks. In overall, the effects of adding probiotics were better than those of adding antibiotic.展开更多
Objective: To observe the differences of partial physiologic indexes including weight, food intake, Lee's index, the wet weight of fat pad, plasma lipids and the genetic expression of LPL mRNA in adipose tissue be...Objective: To observe the differences of partial physiologic indexes including weight, food intake, Lee's index, the wet weight of fat pad, plasma lipids and the genetic expression of LPL mRNA in adipose tissue between obesity-prone rats (OP) and obesity-resistant rats (OR) on a high-fat diet. Methods: After 1 week of free access to a high-fat diet (HFD), 48 rats were separated on the basis of 1 week body weight percentage gained in OP (OP≥P75) or OR (OR≤P25) groups. Rats were continuously fed on the HFD for another 4 weeks. The body weight and food intake were recorded in the course of model-making. And the Lee's index, the plasma lipid and lipoproteins, the wet weight of both epididymal and retroperitoneal fat pad were measured after the rat was killed. And the level of LPL mRNA expression in adipose tissue was detected by Northern Blot technique. Results: ① In OP rats, the speed of body weight gain, the cumulative energy intake, the Lee's index, and the wet weight of fat pad at both epididymal and retroperitoneal sites were significantly higher than those in OR rats, but there was no significant difference in the level of plasma lipid and lipoproteins between these two groups. ② After 1 week and 5 weeks on the high-fat diet, the gain of body weight in OP rats were about 6.45 and 4.25 times of those in OR rats. Meanwhile, the cumulative energy intake in OP rats was only about 1.13 and 1.15 times of those in OR rats. ③ Despite the depressive effect of the high-fat diet on the level of LPL mRNA expression in adipose tissue, there was a significant level of LPL mRNA in adipose tissue of OP rats compared with that in OR rats. Conclusion: The physiologic differences exist between OP and OR rats. Besides a higher level of energy intake, the higher energy efficiency associated with LPL mRNA expression in adipose tissue may also contribute to the enhancement of susceptibility to obesity in OP rats.展开更多
The acute （15 minutes-4 hours） effects of exposure to the inhaled DEE （diesel exhaust emitted） on blood parameters of Guinea pigs Cavia porcellus were assessed via CBC （complete blood count） as an indicator usin...The acute （15 minutes-4 hours） effects of exposure to the inhaled DEE （diesel exhaust emitted） on blood parameters of Guinea pigs Cavia porcellus were assessed via CBC （complete blood count） as an indicator using an automated blood analyzer machines （Cell DYN 1700）. The results showed significant changes in some parameters in comparison with control animals started as early as 15 minutes and intensified by the continuous exposure time, leading to significant increase （p 〈 0.05） in the number of both WBC （white blood cells）, PLT （blood platelets） and decrease in numbers of RBC （red blood corpuscles） while hemoglobin percentages （Hb%） showed an insignificant （p 〉 0.05） fluctuating rhythm. The percentages of both Neutrophil and Lymphocyt recorded a significant increase （p 〈 0.05） 1 hour post-exposure to the DEE while other WBCs showed less changes. It is concluded that blood components are so sensitive to DEE and do respond quicker to inhaled pollutants via changes in some components of WBC% but decrease in RBC% and the likelihood of blood clotting due to increase in blood platelets. These results indicate the acute toxic risks of the exposure to DEE of mechanics and technicians who work in vicinity of DEE sources or/and spend most daily hours in semi closed areas.展开更多
The present study aims to investigate the genotype-phenotype correlation of the hereditary hemochromatosis （HH）, a genetic disorder of iron metabolism, in Matera province （Basilicata, Italy）. Integrating both epid...The present study aims to investigate the genotype-phenotype correlation of the hereditary hemochromatosis （HH）, a genetic disorder of iron metabolism, in Matera province （Basilicata, Italy）. Integrating both epidemiological and molecular approaches, the authors studied： （a） the frequency of the HH main mutations; （b） the association between mutations and HH cases. The majority of patients with HH are homozygous for the C282Y mutation of the HFE gene. A second mutation （H63D） is more widely distributed and its connection with HH isn＇t clear, but a low penetrance is attributed to this variant. The population-based study consists of three steps： （1） determination of iron biochemical parameters, （2） genetic test, and （3） sequencing of HFE gene and bioinformatics studies. A case report is presented in a 41-year-old male （genotype： H63D/wt） with biochemical and clinical evidences of HH, in absence of secondary iron overload factors. In the cohort of studied patients （150M：62F）, there are 18 homozygous patients; H63D/H63D genotype is found in 11 cases. In the heterozygous group, H63D/wt is the predominant genotype （61/68 subjects）. All the H63D/wt residents in the same village （Mont.） show altered biochemical parameter levels. In our case study, a substitution localized into the HFE promoter （nt225A 〉 C） is found. Results show that the H63D genotype is responsible for most cases of HH. The peculiar clinical manifestation found in Mont. suggests a founder effect. In our case, the iron overload is related to a presence of an undetected mutation, critical for the transcriptional regulation of the HFE gene.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To examine the acute toxicity of an aqueous extract of Aspidopterys obcordata(A. obcordata) in Sprague Dawley rats.METHODS: The rats were orally administered a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight and observed co...OBJECTIVE: To examine the acute toxicity of an aqueous extract of Aspidopterys obcordata(A. obcordata) in Sprague Dawley rats.METHODS: The rats were orally administered a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight and observed continuously for 6 h and then daily for 14 days. Control rats were administered distilled water. The effect of the extract on general behavior, body weight, and food and water intake were measured.After 14 days, the rats were sacrificed and their organs(liver, heart, spleen, lungs, kidney, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes) were removed for macroscopic examination. The body and organ weights in addition to hematology(e.g., hemoglobin and white blood cell counts) and clinical blood biochemistry(e.g., albumin and bilirubin) were also examined.RESULTS: There were no deaths recorded, and the rats treated with A. obcordata showed no signs of toxicity. All measured parameters in rats treated with A. obcordata were unaffected when compared with those in control rats. The acute toxicity(LD_(50))was estimated to be > 5000 mg/kg body weight.CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the safety of an acute oral administration of an aqueous extract of A. obcordata in rats and indicate that future subacute and long-term toxicity testing of A. obcordata is warranted.展开更多
Event-related potential (ERP) is a reliable neuroelectric measure of brain activity that helps to confirm the assessment of mental status and cognitive impairment. Many studies have reported that alcoholics show a sig...Event-related potential (ERP) is a reliable neuroelectric measure of brain activity that helps to confirm the assessment of mental status and cognitive impairment. Many studies have reported that alcoholics show a significantly lower ERP P300 amplitude than the norm. In the present study, ERP P300 waves were measured to evaluate the effect of citric acid on cognitive function during excessive alcohol consumption in healthy adults. Five volunteers were selected through clinical interview, physical examination, and psychiatric assessment for participation in this study. In a double-blind placebo-controlled before-after design, each subject was treated with 5 ml/kg body weight alcohol, 5 ml/kg body weight alcohol and 1 mg citric acid, or a placebo on three separate occasions, one week apart. ERP P300, blood biochemical indicators, blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) and acetaldehyde concentrations were assessed. Repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a within-subjects factor was used to evaluate differences in blood biochemical indicators, BACs, blood acetaldehyde concentrations, and ERP P300 in the three sessions of assessments. Several blood biochemical indicators showed significant differences between treatments, including the levels of cholinesterase (CHE), total bile acid (TBA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), and glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (GPDA). BACs after consumption of alcohol alone or citric acid with al- cohol were significantly higher compared to those after placebo treatment (P<0.05). There were no significant dif- ferences in blood acetaldehyde concentrations between the treatments. The P300 amplitudes on the frontal (Fz), central (Cz), and parietal (Pz) regions of the scalp after consumption of alcohol were significantly lower than those after consumption of the placebo or citric acid with alcohol (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences between the latter two treatments. The results of this study suggest that citric acid could reduce the decline in ERP P300 amplitude and cognitive ability induced by acute alcohol consumption. It may also affect some blood biochemical indicators, but the specific mechanisms need further research.展开更多
Chiglitazar(Carfloglitazar)is a novel non-thiazolidinedione(TZD)structured peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist that has shown promising effects on glycemic control and lipid regulation in patien...Chiglitazar(Carfloglitazar)is a novel non-thiazolidinedione(TZD)structured peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist that has shown promising effects on glycemic control and lipid regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes in previous clinical studies.This randomized phase 3 trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of chiglitazar with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes with insufficient glycemic control by strict diet and exercise alone.Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive chiglitazar 32 mg(n=167),chiglitazar 48 mg(n=166),or placebo(n=202)once daily.The primary endpoint was the change in glycosylated hemoglobin A_(1c)(HbA_(1c))at week 24 with superiority of chiglitazar over placebo.The results showed that both chiglitazar 32 and 48 mg resulted in significant and clinically meaningful reductions in HbA_(1c),and placebo-adjusted estimated treatment differences at week 24 for chiglitazar 32 and 48 mg were-0.87%(95%confidential interval(CI):-1.10 to-0.65;P<0.0001)and-1.05%(95%CI:-1.29 to-0.81;P<0.0001),respectively.Secondary efficacy parameters including glycemic control,insulin sensitivity and triglyceride reduction were also significantly improved in the chiglitazar groups.The overall frequency of adverse events and study discontinuation attributable to adverse events were similar among the groups.Low incidences of mild edema and body weight gain were reported in the chiglitazar dose groups.The results from this phase 3 trial demonstrated that the PPAR pan-agonist chiglitazar possesses an overall good efficacy and safety profile in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with lifestyle interventions,thereby providing adequate supporting evidence for using this PPAR pan-agonist as a treatment option for type 2 diabetes.展开更多
基金Supported by Span Program of Ministry of Agriculture(KY2001-15)~~
文摘[Objective] In this study, the performance and blood biochemical indices in lamps fed on milk replacer were researched, the feasibility of early weaned in lamps was discussed. [Method] 37 of 10 days lambs of Suffolk（♂） x XiaoWeiHanYang（ ♀ ） were randomly divided into group A, B, C, D for this experiment. Group A, B, C were fed by 3 milk-replacers containing milk for different protein source respectively, and ten Iambs in each group; group D （seven lambs） were fed by ewes as the control. The performance and blood biochemical indices of the lamps were determined. [ Result] The results showed that the average daily gains of 10 - 15 days of age was not significantly different between group A and D （ P 〉 O. 05 ）, the control were higher significandy than the group B,C （P 〈0.05）. The average daily gains of 16 -25, 26 -35 days of age were not significantly different in group A, B, C, D. The daily weight gains of Group A, B, C in 45 - 55 days of age were higher significantly than the control （P〈0.05 ）. Plasma urea nitrogen （PUN） of group B and C were higher than group A significantly （P〈0.05 ） ;Total protein （ TP）, Plasma albumin （ALB） and Plasma total amino acid were no significant difference among the other 3 groups （P〉0.05 ）. [Conclusion] So, the milk-replacers were available for early-weaned lamb.
基金Supported by Innovation Project for Universities and Research Institutes in Jinan City(201303053)Shandong Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project(2014GGH210001)Program of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Shandong Province~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different padding on ammonia concentration in broiler house and growth performance and blood indi- cators of broilers. [Method] A total of 480 one-day-old 817 broilers were selected. They were randomly divided into four groups with different paddings, and each group was in triplicate. The weights of broilers and feed were weighed weekly. The growth performance of broilers was determined. On day 30, the ammonia concentra- tions in broiler houses were determined. On day 35, 6 broilers were randomly se- lected from each group, and their vein blood was sampled. In the sampled vein blood, the concentrations of ammonia, glucose, globulin, serum total protein and urea nitrogen were determined. [Result] There were significant differences in ammo- nia concentration among broiler houses laid with different paddings （P〈0.05）. The ammonia concentration in group 1 was significantly lower than those in group 3 and group 4 （P〈0.05）. No significant difference was found in ammonia concentrations in broiler houses between group 2 and group 3 （P〉0.05）. The ammonia concentration in group 4 was significantly higher than those in group1, group 2 and group 3 （,0〈 0.05）. There were also significant differences in blood indicators among different groups （P〈0.05）. The blood ammonia, blood glucose and serum urea nitrogen con- centrations in group 1 were significantly lower than those in other groups （P〈0.05）, the serum total protein concentration was significantly higher than those in group 3 and group 4 （P〈0.05）, and the serum globulin concentration was significantly higher than those in group 2, group 3 and group 4 （P〈0.05）. Significant differences were observed in feed intake, body weight gain and slaughter weight between different groups （P〈0.05）, but there were no significant differences in feed to grain ratio （P〉 0.05）. [Conclusion] Under the experimental conditions, the padding of Chinese medicine residue showed better effect on reducing ammonia concentration in broiler house, which was conducive to play of production potential of broilers.
文摘The effect of inhaled nano-TiO2 on lung histology and serum biochemical indexes is evaluated in healthy and adult Kunming mice（eight in each group）after exposure to TiO2 aerosols（1 500 mg/m3）in a sealed chamber.Another eight mice are exposed to indoor air to be served as a control group.Lung tissue and blood are collected after euthanizing the animals.The results show that lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）activity increases in all experimental groups.Alanine aminotransferase（ALT）activity and blood urea nitrogen（BUN）levels are increased in the group exposed to TiO2 aerosols for 28 d,and creatinine（Cr）levels are increased in 14 d and 28 d samples（P0.05）.No obvious changes are observed in other serum indexes.Lungs of mice exposed to 28 d exposure show significant but moderate increase in pulmonary inflammation,and many TiO2 particles are found in the interstitium of pulmonary alveoli.
基金Supported by Project of Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College(NSFZN1309)~~
文摘In order to investigate the effects of probiotics on growth performance, blood biochemical indexes and economic benefits of Cherry Valley ducks, different probiotics were added into the feed of Cherry Valley ducks. Total 240 1-d-old Cherry Valley ducks were selected, and they were randomly divided into 4 groups, including 1 control group and 3 treatment groups. There were 3 replicates for each group and there were 20 ducks for each replicate. The ducks in the control group were fed the basal diet, and the ducks in the 3 treatment groups were fed the basal diet added with Lactobacillus, Bacillus natto and florfenicol, respectively. The test lasted for 42 d. The results showed that the addition of Lactobacillus and Bacillus natto could improve the average daily weight gain and final average weight （P〈0.05） of Cherry Valley ducks, and reduce the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ac- tivity, alkaline phosphatase activity and serum urinary nitrogen content in duck blood （P〈0.05） and reduce the creatinine content and total cholesterol content in Cherry Valley ducks （P〉0.05）; at the same time, adding probiotics to feed could also in- crease the grass economic benefits of Cherry Valley ducks. In overall, the effects of adding probiotics were better than those of adding antibiotic.
文摘Objective: To observe the differences of partial physiologic indexes including weight, food intake, Lee's index, the wet weight of fat pad, plasma lipids and the genetic expression of LPL mRNA in adipose tissue between obesity-prone rats (OP) and obesity-resistant rats (OR) on a high-fat diet. Methods: After 1 week of free access to a high-fat diet (HFD), 48 rats were separated on the basis of 1 week body weight percentage gained in OP (OP≥P75) or OR (OR≤P25) groups. Rats were continuously fed on the HFD for another 4 weeks. The body weight and food intake were recorded in the course of model-making. And the Lee's index, the plasma lipid and lipoproteins, the wet weight of both epididymal and retroperitoneal fat pad were measured after the rat was killed. And the level of LPL mRNA expression in adipose tissue was detected by Northern Blot technique. Results: ① In OP rats, the speed of body weight gain, the cumulative energy intake, the Lee's index, and the wet weight of fat pad at both epididymal and retroperitoneal sites were significantly higher than those in OR rats, but there was no significant difference in the level of plasma lipid and lipoproteins between these two groups. ② After 1 week and 5 weeks on the high-fat diet, the gain of body weight in OP rats were about 6.45 and 4.25 times of those in OR rats. Meanwhile, the cumulative energy intake in OP rats was only about 1.13 and 1.15 times of those in OR rats. ③ Despite the depressive effect of the high-fat diet on the level of LPL mRNA expression in adipose tissue, there was a significant level of LPL mRNA in adipose tissue of OP rats compared with that in OR rats. Conclusion: The physiologic differences exist between OP and OR rats. Besides a higher level of energy intake, the higher energy efficiency associated with LPL mRNA expression in adipose tissue may also contribute to the enhancement of susceptibility to obesity in OP rats.
文摘The acute （15 minutes-4 hours） effects of exposure to the inhaled DEE （diesel exhaust emitted） on blood parameters of Guinea pigs Cavia porcellus were assessed via CBC （complete blood count） as an indicator using an automated blood analyzer machines （Cell DYN 1700）. The results showed significant changes in some parameters in comparison with control animals started as early as 15 minutes and intensified by the continuous exposure time, leading to significant increase （p 〈 0.05） in the number of both WBC （white blood cells）, PLT （blood platelets） and decrease in numbers of RBC （red blood corpuscles） while hemoglobin percentages （Hb%） showed an insignificant （p 〉 0.05） fluctuating rhythm. The percentages of both Neutrophil and Lymphocyt recorded a significant increase （p 〈 0.05） 1 hour post-exposure to the DEE while other WBCs showed less changes. It is concluded that blood components are so sensitive to DEE and do respond quicker to inhaled pollutants via changes in some components of WBC% but decrease in RBC% and the likelihood of blood clotting due to increase in blood platelets. These results indicate the acute toxic risks of the exposure to DEE of mechanics and technicians who work in vicinity of DEE sources or/and spend most daily hours in semi closed areas.
文摘The present study aims to investigate the genotype-phenotype correlation of the hereditary hemochromatosis （HH）, a genetic disorder of iron metabolism, in Matera province （Basilicata, Italy）. Integrating both epidemiological and molecular approaches, the authors studied： （a） the frequency of the HH main mutations; （b） the association between mutations and HH cases. The majority of patients with HH are homozygous for the C282Y mutation of the HFE gene. A second mutation （H63D） is more widely distributed and its connection with HH isn＇t clear, but a low penetrance is attributed to this variant. The population-based study consists of three steps： （1） determination of iron biochemical parameters, （2） genetic test, and （3） sequencing of HFE gene and bioinformatics studies. A case report is presented in a 41-year-old male （genotype： H63D/wt） with biochemical and clinical evidences of HH, in absence of secondary iron overload factors. In the cohort of studied patients （150M：62F）, there are 18 homozygous patients; H63D/H63D genotype is found in 11 cases. In the heterozygous group, H63D/wt is the predominant genotype （61/68 subjects）. All the H63D/wt residents in the same village （Mont.） show altered biochemical parameter levels. In our case study, a substitution localized into the HFE promoter （nt225A 〉 C） is found. Results show that the H63D genotype is responsible for most cases of HH. The peculiar clinical manifestation found in Mont. suggests a founder effect. In our case, the iron overload is related to a presence of an undetected mutation, critical for the transcriptional regulation of the HFE gene.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Transport Characters and Mechanism Research of Multiplicity Ingredient TCM Utilizing Sensitive Bioactivity in Caco-2 Cell Model,No.81173645)Program for Innovative Research Team in IMPLAD(Discovery and foundation of new drug of TCM)+2 种基金a grant from the Basic Scientific Research Special of the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes of IMPLAD(Research on the Kidney Stone Activities and Preliminary Mechanisms of Aspidopterys Obcordata,No.YZYN-15-06)PUMC Youth Fund(Study of Anti-Tumor Activities of Pegylation Artemisinin Prodrugs Based on PK-PD Binding Model,No.33320140076)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Preparation of Silica-Based Nanoparticles/PDMS Hybrid Membranes for Pervaporation of Ethanol/Water Mixtures,No.2132010)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To examine the acute toxicity of an aqueous extract of Aspidopterys obcordata(A. obcordata) in Sprague Dawley rats.METHODS: The rats were orally administered a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight and observed continuously for 6 h and then daily for 14 days. Control rats were administered distilled water. The effect of the extract on general behavior, body weight, and food and water intake were measured.After 14 days, the rats were sacrificed and their organs(liver, heart, spleen, lungs, kidney, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes) were removed for macroscopic examination. The body and organ weights in addition to hematology(e.g., hemoglobin and white blood cell counts) and clinical blood biochemistry(e.g., albumin and bilirubin) were also examined.RESULTS: There were no deaths recorded, and the rats treated with A. obcordata showed no signs of toxicity. All measured parameters in rats treated with A. obcordata were unaffected when compared with those in control rats. The acute toxicity(LD_(50))was estimated to be > 5000 mg/kg body weight.CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the safety of an acute oral administration of an aqueous extract of A. obcordata in rats and indicate that future subacute and long-term toxicity testing of A. obcordata is warranted.
基金Project supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2008BAI52B03)the Program of Education Depart-ment of Zhejiang Province (No.20061391),China
文摘Event-related potential (ERP) is a reliable neuroelectric measure of brain activity that helps to confirm the assessment of mental status and cognitive impairment. Many studies have reported that alcoholics show a significantly lower ERP P300 amplitude than the norm. In the present study, ERP P300 waves were measured to evaluate the effect of citric acid on cognitive function during excessive alcohol consumption in healthy adults. Five volunteers were selected through clinical interview, physical examination, and psychiatric assessment for participation in this study. In a double-blind placebo-controlled before-after design, each subject was treated with 5 ml/kg body weight alcohol, 5 ml/kg body weight alcohol and 1 mg citric acid, or a placebo on three separate occasions, one week apart. ERP P300, blood biochemical indicators, blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) and acetaldehyde concentrations were assessed. Repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a within-subjects factor was used to evaluate differences in blood biochemical indicators, BACs, blood acetaldehyde concentrations, and ERP P300 in the three sessions of assessments. Several blood biochemical indicators showed significant differences between treatments, including the levels of cholinesterase (CHE), total bile acid (TBA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), and glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (GPDA). BACs after consumption of alcohol alone or citric acid with al- cohol were significantly higher compared to those after placebo treatment (P<0.05). There were no significant dif- ferences in blood acetaldehyde concentrations between the treatments. The P300 amplitudes on the frontal (Fz), central (Cz), and parietal (Pz) regions of the scalp after consumption of alcohol were significantly lower than those after consumption of the placebo or citric acid with alcohol (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences between the latter two treatments. The results of this study suggest that citric acid could reduce the decline in ERP P300 amplitude and cognitive ability induced by acute alcohol consumption. It may also affect some blood biochemical indicators, but the specific mechanisms need further research.
基金grants from Chinese National and Provincial Major Project for New Drug Innovation(National:2008ZX09101-002 and 2013ZX09401301Provincial:2011A080501010)Shenzhen Municipal Major Project(2010-1746)。
文摘Chiglitazar(Carfloglitazar)is a novel non-thiazolidinedione(TZD)structured peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist that has shown promising effects on glycemic control and lipid regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes in previous clinical studies.This randomized phase 3 trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of chiglitazar with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes with insufficient glycemic control by strict diet and exercise alone.Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive chiglitazar 32 mg(n=167),chiglitazar 48 mg(n=166),or placebo(n=202)once daily.The primary endpoint was the change in glycosylated hemoglobin A_(1c)(HbA_(1c))at week 24 with superiority of chiglitazar over placebo.The results showed that both chiglitazar 32 and 48 mg resulted in significant and clinically meaningful reductions in HbA_(1c),and placebo-adjusted estimated treatment differences at week 24 for chiglitazar 32 and 48 mg were-0.87%(95%confidential interval(CI):-1.10 to-0.65;P<0.0001)and-1.05%(95%CI:-1.29 to-0.81;P<0.0001),respectively.Secondary efficacy parameters including glycemic control,insulin sensitivity and triglyceride reduction were also significantly improved in the chiglitazar groups.The overall frequency of adverse events and study discontinuation attributable to adverse events were similar among the groups.Low incidences of mild edema and body weight gain were reported in the chiglitazar dose groups.The results from this phase 3 trial demonstrated that the PPAR pan-agonist chiglitazar possesses an overall good efficacy and safety profile in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with lifestyle interventions,thereby providing adequate supporting evidence for using this PPAR pan-agonist as a treatment option for type 2 diabetes.
