目的:报道经玻璃体腔内注射高剂量曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)联合光动力学疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)治疗老年性黄斑变性( age related macular degeneration, AMD)的脉络膜新生血管(choroidal neovascularization,CNV...目的:报道经玻璃体腔内注射高剂量曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)联合光动力学疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)治疗老年性黄斑变性( age related macular degeneration, AMD)的脉络膜新生血管(choroidal neovascularization,CNV)后发生的脉络膜毛细血管萎缩。方法:我们采用非随机回顾性干涉治疗病例。在阿利坎特学院眼科,连续观察51眼(实验组)玻璃体腔内的注射(19.4±2.1)mg/0.1mL TA联合PDT治疗AMD的全部中心凹下型CNV患者,经过2a的随访,检查黄斑部脉络膜毛细血管和视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE)萎缩情况。同时,采用单独PDT治疗的连续30眼患者作为对照组,其年龄,性别和AMD的CNV类型及大小与实验组相匹配。结果:随访24mo后,在治疗区域21/47眼(45%,实验组)和7/30眼(23%,对照组)发展成黄斑部RPE和脉络膜毛细血管萎缩(P=0.04,卡方检验)。实验组平均最大萎缩区域的直径为(5044±1666)μm,而对照组为(4345±1550)μm。在实验组中,RPE萎缩患者的平均最佳矫正视力为(0.87±0.33),而非RPE萎缩患者的平均最佳矫正视力为(0.66±0.26) (P=0.11,秩和U检验)。结论:玻璃体腔内注射大剂量TA联合PDT治疗可能会增加RPE和脉络膜毛细血管萎缩的风险。展开更多
Apoptosis is necessary for maintaining the integrity of proliferative tissues, such as epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal system. The role of apoptosis in post mitotic tissues, such as skeletal muscle, is less w...Apoptosis is necessary for maintaining the integrity of proliferative tissues, such as epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal system. The role of apoptosis in post mitotic tissues, such as skeletal muscle, is less well defined. Apoptosis during muscle atrophy occurs in both myonuclei and other muscle cell types. Apoptosis of myonuclei likely contributes to the loss of muscle mass, but the mechanisms underlying this process are largely unknown. Caspase-dependent as well as -independent pathways have been implicated and the mode by which atrophy is induced likely determines the apoptotic mechanisms that are utilized. It remains to be determined whether a decrease in apoptosis will alleviate atrophy and distinct research strategies may be required for different causes of skeletal muscle loss.展开更多
AIM:Lymphocytic gastritis is commonly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.The presence of glandular atrophy and foveolar hyperplasia in lymphocytic gastritis suggests abnormalities in cell proliferation and ...AIM:Lymphocytic gastritis is commonly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.The presence of glandular atrophy and foveolar hyperplasia in lymphocytic gastritis suggests abnormalities in cell proliferation and differentiation, forming a potential link with the suspected association with gastric cancer.Our aim was to compare epibhelial cell proliferation and morphology in H pylori associated lymphocytic gastritis and H pylori gastritis without features of lymphocytic gastritis, and to evaluate the effect of H pylori treatment. METHODS:We studied 14 lymphocytic gastritis patients with H pylori infection.For controls,we selected 14 matched dyspeptic patients participating in another treatment trial whose H pylori infection had successfully been eradicated. Both groups were treated with a triple therapy and followed up with biopsies for 6-18 months (patients) or 3 months (controls).Blinded evaluation for histopathological features was carried out.To determine the cell proliferation index, the sections were labeled with Ki-67 antibody. RESULTS:Before treatment,lymphocytic gastritis was characterized by foveolar hyperplasia (P=0.001) and glandular atrophy in the body (P=0.008),and increased proliferation in both the body (P=0.001) and antrum (P=0.002).Proliferation correlated with foveolar hyperplasia and inflammation activity.After eradication therapy,the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes decreased in the body (P=0.004) and antrum (P=0.065),remaining higher than in controls (P<0.001).Simultaneously,the proliferation index decreased in the body from 0.38 to 0.15 (P=0.043),and in the antrum from 0.34 to 0.20 (P=0.069),the antral index still being higher in lymphocytic gastritis than in controls (P=0.010). Foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy in the body improved (P=0.021),reaching the non-LG level.CONCLUSION: In lymphocytic gastritis, excessive epithelialcell proliferation is predominantly present in the body, where it associates with foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy. These characteristic changes of lymphocytic gastritis are largely related to H pylori infection, as shown by their improvement after eradication. However, some residualdeviation was still seen in lymphocytic gastritis, indicating either an abnormally slow improvement or the presence of some persistent abnormality.展开更多
AIM： To investigate a pathophysiological role of cathepsin W （CatW）, a putative thiol-dependent cysteine protease, which is specifically expressed in cytotoxic lymphocytes, in different types of chronic inflammatio...AIM： To investigate a pathophysiological role of cathepsin W （CatW）, a putative thiol-dependent cysteine protease, which is specifically expressed in cytotoxic lymphocytes, in different types of chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa. METHODS： Gastric and duodenal biopsies of patients with Heliobacter pylori （ Hpylort）-assodated active gastritis （Hp, n = 19）, chemically induced reactive gastritis （CG, n = 17）, autoimmune atrophic gastritis （AIG, n = 20）, lymphocytic corpus gastritis （LG, n = 29）, celiac disease （CD, n = 10）, and corresponding controls （n = 24） were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of CatW and CD45. Furthermore, immunohistochemical double staining with anti-CD3 and anti-cathepsin was performed for the samples of AIG. RESULTS： Median values of CatW-expressing cells among CD45-positive immune cells were between 2% and 6% for normal gastric mucosa, CG, and LG, whereas the corresponding value was significantly increased for AIG （24.7%, P〈0.001） and significantly decreased for HP （0.7%, P〈0.05）. Double staining with anti-CD3 and antiCatW antibodies revealed that 〉90% of CatW-expressing cells in gastric mucosa of AIG were T cells. Duodenal mucosa had significantly more CatW/CD45-positive cells than normal gastric mucosa （median： 17.8% vs 2%, P〈0.01）. The corresponding proportion of CatW/CD45-positive cells was decreased in CD compared to duodenal mucosa （median： 2.1% vs 17.8%, P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： The opposite findings regarding the presence of CatW-positive cells in AIG （increase） and CD （decrease） reflects the different cellular composition of immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases.展开更多
基金Supported by NIH/NIA, No.AG20407 NIH/NIAMS, No. AR47577
文摘Apoptosis is necessary for maintaining the integrity of proliferative tissues, such as epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal system. The role of apoptosis in post mitotic tissues, such as skeletal muscle, is less well defined. Apoptosis during muscle atrophy occurs in both myonuclei and other muscle cell types. Apoptosis of myonuclei likely contributes to the loss of muscle mass, but the mechanisms underlying this process are largely unknown. Caspase-dependent as well as -independent pathways have been implicated and the mode by which atrophy is induced likely determines the apoptotic mechanisms that are utilized. It remains to be determined whether a decrease in apoptosis will alleviate atrophy and distinct research strategies may be required for different causes of skeletal muscle loss.
文摘AIM:Lymphocytic gastritis is commonly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.The presence of glandular atrophy and foveolar hyperplasia in lymphocytic gastritis suggests abnormalities in cell proliferation and differentiation, forming a potential link with the suspected association with gastric cancer.Our aim was to compare epibhelial cell proliferation and morphology in H pylori associated lymphocytic gastritis and H pylori gastritis without features of lymphocytic gastritis, and to evaluate the effect of H pylori treatment. METHODS:We studied 14 lymphocytic gastritis patients with H pylori infection.For controls,we selected 14 matched dyspeptic patients participating in another treatment trial whose H pylori infection had successfully been eradicated. Both groups were treated with a triple therapy and followed up with biopsies for 6-18 months (patients) or 3 months (controls).Blinded evaluation for histopathological features was carried out.To determine the cell proliferation index, the sections were labeled with Ki-67 antibody. RESULTS:Before treatment,lymphocytic gastritis was characterized by foveolar hyperplasia (P=0.001) and glandular atrophy in the body (P=0.008),and increased proliferation in both the body (P=0.001) and antrum (P=0.002).Proliferation correlated with foveolar hyperplasia and inflammation activity.After eradication therapy,the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes decreased in the body (P=0.004) and antrum (P=0.065),remaining higher than in controls (P<0.001).Simultaneously,the proliferation index decreased in the body from 0.38 to 0.15 (P=0.043),and in the antrum from 0.34 to 0.20 (P=0.069),the antral index still being higher in lymphocytic gastritis than in controls (P=0.010). Foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy in the body improved (P=0.021),reaching the non-LG level.CONCLUSION: In lymphocytic gastritis, excessive epithelialcell proliferation is predominantly present in the body, where it associates with foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy. These characteristic changes of lymphocytic gastritis are largely related to H pylori infection, as shown by their improvement after eradication. However, some residualdeviation was still seen in lymphocytic gastritis, indicating either an abnormally slow improvement or the presence of some persistent abnormality.
基金Supported by the "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft", Germany (We2170/3-1)the NBL-3 program of the "Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technik" (NBL3/01ZZ0407/PFG1)
文摘AIM： To investigate a pathophysiological role of cathepsin W （CatW）, a putative thiol-dependent cysteine protease, which is specifically expressed in cytotoxic lymphocytes, in different types of chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa. METHODS： Gastric and duodenal biopsies of patients with Heliobacter pylori （ Hpylort）-assodated active gastritis （Hp, n = 19）, chemically induced reactive gastritis （CG, n = 17）, autoimmune atrophic gastritis （AIG, n = 20）, lymphocytic corpus gastritis （LG, n = 29）, celiac disease （CD, n = 10）, and corresponding controls （n = 24） were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of CatW and CD45. Furthermore, immunohistochemical double staining with anti-CD3 and anti-cathepsin was performed for the samples of AIG. RESULTS： Median values of CatW-expressing cells among CD45-positive immune cells were between 2% and 6% for normal gastric mucosa, CG, and LG, whereas the corresponding value was significantly increased for AIG （24.7%, P〈0.001） and significantly decreased for HP （0.7%, P〈0.05）. Double staining with anti-CD3 and antiCatW antibodies revealed that 〉90% of CatW-expressing cells in gastric mucosa of AIG were T cells. Duodenal mucosa had significantly more CatW/CD45-positive cells than normal gastric mucosa （median： 17.8% vs 2%, P〈0.01）. The corresponding proportion of CatW/CD45-positive cells was decreased in CD compared to duodenal mucosa （median： 2.1% vs 17.8%, P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： The opposite findings regarding the presence of CatW-positive cells in AIG （increase） and CD （decrease） reflects the different cellular composition of immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
