Aims: To determine the incidence and severity of symptomatic toxoplasma infection presenting during childhood due to congenitalor postnatally acquired infection. Methods: Between 2002 and 2004, newly diagnosed childre...Aims: To determine the incidence and severity of symptomatic toxoplasma infection presenting during childhood due to congenitalor postnatally acquired infection. Methods: Between 2002 and 2004, newly diagnosed children (<16 years) with signs or symptoms of congenital or ocular toxoplasmosis were reported by clinicians to the British Paediatric and Ophthalmic Surveillance Units or by toxoplasma referral laboratories. Con-firmed cases were estimated to have a greater than 50%probability of congenital and/or ocular toxoplasmosis, based on clinical and serological findings. Results: Thirty eight children had confirmed toxoplasma infection. Twenty two (58%) were classified with congenital infection (cumulative incidence for England and Wales 3.4/100 000 live births; 95%CI 2.4 to 4.8),of whom 2 (9%) were stillborn, 7 (32%) live births had intracranial abnormalities and/or developmental delay (5 of whom had retinochoroiditis), and 10 (45%) had retinochoroiditis with no other abnormalities reported. A further 16 (42%) children were classified as infected after birth; all had retinochoroiditis.Conclusions: The low burden of symptomatic congenital toxoplasmosis combined with the lack of evidence of an effective treatment support current policy not to offer prenatal or neonatal screening for toxoplasma infection. Primary prevention strategies need to address acquisition of infection in childhood which accounts for half the ocular disease due to toxoplasma infection in children in the UK and Ire- land.展开更多
0035947 在眼弓形体病患者眼内的抗兔弓形虫 IgA 抗体产生/Ronday M J H//Am JOphthalmol.-1999,127(3).-294～300四军大0035948 一组由一个单纯的无症状的供者经与输血有关而患有巴贝虫病病例的追踪观察/Dobroszycki J//JAMA.-1999,281...0035947 在眼弓形体病患者眼内的抗兔弓形虫 IgA 抗体产生/Ronday M J H//Am JOphthalmol.-1999,127(3).-294～300四军大0035948 一组由一个单纯的无症状的供者经与输血有关而患有巴贝虫病病例的追踪观察/Dobroszycki J//JAMA.-1999,281(10).-927～930 医科情0035949 再次学习:球虫病和木莓/Os-terholm M T//Ann Intern Med.-1999,130(3).-233～234展开更多
Objective To investigate apoptosis induced by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in eyes of C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Methods Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-bi...Objective To investigate apoptosis induced by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in eyes of C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Methods Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique and pathological changes within eyes were analyzed at different time points after intraocular inoculation of either 50 or 500 of tachyzoites. Results In eyes that received 50 tachyzoites, a few apoptotic inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber and keratocytes in the cornea were seen at days 1 and 2, but no apoptosis was detected 4 days after inoculation. Significantly greater apoptosis of inflammatory cells was observed in the anterior chamber and in the vitreous of eyes injected with 500 parasites. Apoptosis of inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber and of keratocytes in the cornea was seen at day 1. The apoptotic stromal keratocytes strikingly increased at day 4. There were a number of apoptotic inflammatory cells in the vitreous at day 2, and a few apoptotic retinal cells along the internal limiting membrane and the nerve fiber layer of the retina 4 days after inoculation. Conclusion These results suggest that apoptosis of inflammatory cells infiltrated eye infected with this parasite may be a mechanism of eliminating the organism.展开更多
文摘Aims: To determine the incidence and severity of symptomatic toxoplasma infection presenting during childhood due to congenitalor postnatally acquired infection. Methods: Between 2002 and 2004, newly diagnosed children (<16 years) with signs or symptoms of congenital or ocular toxoplasmosis were reported by clinicians to the British Paediatric and Ophthalmic Surveillance Units or by toxoplasma referral laboratories. Con-firmed cases were estimated to have a greater than 50%probability of congenital and/or ocular toxoplasmosis, based on clinical and serological findings. Results: Thirty eight children had confirmed toxoplasma infection. Twenty two (58%) were classified with congenital infection (cumulative incidence for England and Wales 3.4/100 000 live births; 95%CI 2.4 to 4.8),of whom 2 (9%) were stillborn, 7 (32%) live births had intracranial abnormalities and/or developmental delay (5 of whom had retinochoroiditis), and 10 (45%) had retinochoroiditis with no other abnormalities reported. A further 16 (42%) children were classified as infected after birth; all had retinochoroiditis.Conclusions: The low burden of symptomatic congenital toxoplasmosis combined with the lack of evidence of an effective treatment support current policy not to offer prenatal or neonatal screening for toxoplasma infection. Primary prevention strategies need to address acquisition of infection in childhood which accounts for half the ocular disease due to toxoplasma infection in children in the UK and Ire- land.
基金theNational 2 11EngineeringProgram Grant (No . 9817) ZhongshanOphthalmicCenter +1 种基金SunYat sen UniversityofMedicalSciences Gu
文摘Objective To investigate apoptosis induced by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in eyes of C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Methods Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique and pathological changes within eyes were analyzed at different time points after intraocular inoculation of either 50 or 500 of tachyzoites. Results In eyes that received 50 tachyzoites, a few apoptotic inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber and keratocytes in the cornea were seen at days 1 and 2, but no apoptosis was detected 4 days after inoculation. Significantly greater apoptosis of inflammatory cells was observed in the anterior chamber and in the vitreous of eyes injected with 500 parasites. Apoptosis of inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber and of keratocytes in the cornea was seen at day 1. The apoptotic stromal keratocytes strikingly increased at day 4. There were a number of apoptotic inflammatory cells in the vitreous at day 2, and a few apoptotic retinal cells along the internal limiting membrane and the nerve fiber layer of the retina 4 days after inoculation. Conclusion These results suggest that apoptosis of inflammatory cells infiltrated eye infected with this parasite may be a mechanism of eliminating the organism.
