软锁相环(Soft Phase-locked Loop,SPLL)在现代工业控制尤其是电网电压相位锁定中得到越来越多的应用。分析了SPLL的基本结构和工作原理,针对传统SPLL运算量大、不利于在数字处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)上实现的缺点,设计了...软锁相环(Soft Phase-locked Loop,SPLL)在现代工业控制尤其是电网电压相位锁定中得到越来越多的应用。分析了SPLL的基本结构和工作原理,针对传统SPLL运算量大、不利于在数字处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)上实现的缺点,设计了一种改进型电网电压SPLL。根据电网电压SPLL工作原理,结合坐标变换关系,从结果出发,通过相角已锁定的性质来做逆向思考简化控制算法。动态计算SPLL的PI参数,以使锁相功能动态响应更好、控制算法运算量更少。理论分析、仿真研究都表明改进后的SPLL算法简单,动态响应快,能够抑制电网电压三相不平衡及谐波干扰,能够应对电网突然掉电等故障,非常利于在DSP中实现。展开更多
Objective:To explore the mechanism of acupuncture in regulating cognitive deficits in insomnia rats by observing the effect of acupuncture on microglia in thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN).Methods:Thirty rats were rando...Objective:To explore the mechanism of acupuncture in regulating cognitive deficits in insomnia rats by observing the effect of acupuncture on microglia in thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN).Methods:Thirty rats were randomly divided into a control group,a model group and an acupuncture group,with 10 rats in each group.The insomnia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)once a day for 2 d.Rats in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline.Rats in the acupuncture group received acupuncture at Neiguan(PC 6)and Zusanli(ST 36)for 5 consecutive days.The CLOCKLAB 2 data acquisition system was used to dynamically observe the sleep of the rats throughout the experiment.The cognition of rats was evaluated by event-related potentials(ERPs).After intervention,brain tissue was extracted.Immunofluorescence was used to test the fluorescence expression in TRN region.The concentrations of interleukin(IL)-1βand tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:After intraperitoneal injection of PCPA suspension,the spontaneous activity in light period of rats in the model group and acupuncture group increased significantly compared with the control group(both P<0.01).After acupuncture treatment,the rats in the acupuncture group had much less spontaneous activity during the light period than those in the model group(P<0.01),and the results indicated that acupuncture could effectively improve the sleep quality of insomnia rats.Compared with the control group,rats in the model group showed that the P3 latency,the average optical density of microglia,and the concentrations of IL-1βand TNF-αincreased significantly(all P<0.05),and the P3 amplitude decreased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,rats in the acupuncture group presented that the P3 latency,the average optical density of microglia,and the concentrations of IL-1βand TNF-αwere significantly decreased(all P<0.05),and the amplitude of P3 was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture possesses an ability to improve the cognitive state in insomnia rats.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the microglial activation,diminishing the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1βand TNF-α,and promoting the recovery of central nervous system function.展开更多
文摘软锁相环(Soft Phase-locked Loop,SPLL)在现代工业控制尤其是电网电压相位锁定中得到越来越多的应用。分析了SPLL的基本结构和工作原理,针对传统SPLL运算量大、不利于在数字处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)上实现的缺点,设计了一种改进型电网电压SPLL。根据电网电压SPLL工作原理,结合坐标变换关系,从结果出发,通过相角已锁定的性质来做逆向思考简化控制算法。动态计算SPLL的PI参数,以使锁相功能动态响应更好、控制算法运算量更少。理论分析、仿真研究都表明改进后的SPLL算法简单,动态响应快,能够抑制电网电压三相不平衡及谐波干扰,能够应对电网突然掉电等故障,非常利于在DSP中实现。
文摘Objective:To explore the mechanism of acupuncture in regulating cognitive deficits in insomnia rats by observing the effect of acupuncture on microglia in thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN).Methods:Thirty rats were randomly divided into a control group,a model group and an acupuncture group,with 10 rats in each group.The insomnia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)once a day for 2 d.Rats in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline.Rats in the acupuncture group received acupuncture at Neiguan(PC 6)and Zusanli(ST 36)for 5 consecutive days.The CLOCKLAB 2 data acquisition system was used to dynamically observe the sleep of the rats throughout the experiment.The cognition of rats was evaluated by event-related potentials(ERPs).After intervention,brain tissue was extracted.Immunofluorescence was used to test the fluorescence expression in TRN region.The concentrations of interleukin(IL)-1βand tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:After intraperitoneal injection of PCPA suspension,the spontaneous activity in light period of rats in the model group and acupuncture group increased significantly compared with the control group(both P<0.01).After acupuncture treatment,the rats in the acupuncture group had much less spontaneous activity during the light period than those in the model group(P<0.01),and the results indicated that acupuncture could effectively improve the sleep quality of insomnia rats.Compared with the control group,rats in the model group showed that the P3 latency,the average optical density of microglia,and the concentrations of IL-1βand TNF-αincreased significantly(all P<0.05),and the P3 amplitude decreased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,rats in the acupuncture group presented that the P3 latency,the average optical density of microglia,and the concentrations of IL-1βand TNF-αwere significantly decreased(all P<0.05),and the amplitude of P3 was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture possesses an ability to improve the cognitive state in insomnia rats.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the microglial activation,diminishing the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1βand TNF-α,and promoting the recovery of central nervous system function.
