By analyzing and interpreting the newly acquired seismic profile supported by the national 973 Program and synthesizing the data with other geologic ＆ geographic information, we draw conclusions as follows, a） Two s...By analyzing and interpreting the newly acquired seismic profile supported by the national 973 Program and synthesizing the data with other geologic ＆ geographic information, we draw conclusions as follows, a） Two seismic reflections located at the northeast South China Sea （SCS） slope and the Hengchun ridge are the Bottom Simulated Reflections （BSRs）. Yet, the genesis and process of the gas hydrate in these two areas are different because of different regional tectonics and geological environments; b） The genesis of gas hydrate located at the northeast SCS slope area is related to the broadly existing fracture zones, slumping tectosomes, and the distinctive shielding environment of pressure masking field formed by them. But the genesis of the gas hydrate at the Hengchun ridge is associated with the thrust nappe structures and accretionary wedges formed along the Manila subduction zone and the related sub-floor fluid channel system built by them; c） Since the analogous geologic bodies are broadly distributed at slope areas around SCS and the temperature-press environment is very suitable to the formation and conservation of the gas hydrate, we suggest that much more of this resource should be stored in these areas.展开更多
Purpose: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) of containing γ-enolase is considered valuable in the diagnosis of tumours of neuroectodermal origin.Method : We used rapid electrophoretic method on cellulose acetate plate to ...Purpose: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) of containing γ-enolase is considered valuable in the diagnosis of tumours of neuroectodermal origin.Method : We used rapid electrophoretic method on cellulose acetate plate to determine the pattern of enolase isoenzymes in 21 aqueous humor and 23 serum specimens from retinoblastoma (Rb) and 21 aqueous and 25 serum specimens from 25 control cases to evaluate NSE in the diagnosis of Rb. The assay allowed assessment of all three major isoenzymes (aa,aγ and γγ),and NSE relative activity and its percentage in the total relative activity of the three enolase isoenzymes were assessed by means of fluorometer.Result: Aqueous from all patients with Rb contained aa,ar and rr isoenzymes and presented strong postitive, the positive rate of NSE being 100% and its relative activity accounting for 45 ± 9% of the total relative activity of the 3 enolase isoenzymes; No enolase was detectable in control aqueous with cataract, glaucoma and Coats's diseases (4 cases),but in two展开更多
Monodisperse ZnxCd1-xS spheres were successfully fabricated with a high yield by a facile hydrothermal route.The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry,scanning electron microscopy and UV-vis d...Monodisperse ZnxCd1-xS spheres were successfully fabricated with a high yield by a facile hydrothermal route.The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry,scanning electron microscopy and UV-vis diffusion reflectance spectroscopy.The results indicate that all the prepared samples have the same hexagonal wurtzite phase and exhibit good size uniformity and regularity.Degradation of rhodamine-B（RhB） was used to evaluate the photocatalytic activities of ZnxCd1-xS samples.Zn0.4Cd0.6S possessed the best photocatalytic activity and exhibited high stability during the reaction.展开更多
Objective:To isolate virulent bacteriophage from environment samples and explore the potential way of decontaminating the environmental wastewater. Methods: The standard plaque assay, negative staining transmission el...Objective:To isolate virulent bacteriophage from environment samples and explore the potential way of decontaminating the environmental wastewater. Methods: The standard plaque assay, negative staining transmission electron microscopy (TEM), genome extraction and nucleases test were used to isolate bacteriophages. Then its morphology and characteristics were examined. Results: A novel bacteriophage XY-1 was isolated from a sewage pond in a hospital. It infected and killed 6 E.coli reference strains. The phage had a round head (diameter 40-50 nm), no tail and the genome was ssRNA of approximately 5.0 kb. It was able to reduce E.coli to an extent of 44.63% to 67.00% when being added into the samples of different raw sewage water, depending on the contact time, the temperature and the phage dose. Conclusion: From the morphology typical and nucleotide characteristics (RNA) of the genome of phage, phage XY-1 appears to be closely related to phage f2. It may have some effects for the control of E.coli in sewage water.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the safety and efficacy of implant-ing fibrin sealant with sustained-release ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed for pain after laparoscopic chole-cystectomy(LC).METHODS:Sixty patients(American Socie...AIM:To investigate the safety and efficacy of implant-ing fibrin sealant with sustained-release ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed for pain after laparoscopic chole-cystectomy(LC).METHODS:Sixty patients(American Society of Anes-thesiologists physical status wasⅠorⅡand underwent LC)were randomly divided into three equal groups:group A(implantation of fibrin sealant in the gallbladder bed),group B(implantation of fibrin sealant carrying ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed),and group C(normal saline in the gallbladder bed).Postoperative pain was evaluated,and pain relief was assessed by visual analog scale(VAS)scoring.RESULTS:The findings showed that 81.7%of patients had visceral pain,50%experienced parietal,and 26.7% reported shoulder pain after LC.Visceral pain was significantly less in group B patients than in the other groups(P<0.05),and only one patient in this group experienced shoulder pain.The mean VAS score in group B patients was lower than that in the other groups.CONCLUSION:Visceral pain is prominent after LC and can be effectively controlled by implanting fibrin sealant combined with ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed.展开更多
An integrated methodology for eutrophication assessment,which integrates both water quality indicators(causative factors) and ecological response indicators(effect factors),is described.It is then applied to rank the ...An integrated methodology for eutrophication assessment,which integrates both water quality indicators(causative factors) and ecological response indicators(effect factors),is described.It is then applied to rank the eutrophication status of the years 2007 and 2008 in the southwest Bohai Sea.The assessment model identified that north Bohai Bay and west Laizhou Bay were the two areas with the most serious eutrophication problems in the southwest Bohai Sea.In addition,compared to that in the west Laizhou Bay,the eutrophication conditions in the north Bohai Bay was more serious in both years.Eutrophication problems such as harmful algal blooms(HABs) and low dissolved oxygen(DO) events in north Bohai Bay were frequent.The integrated method outmatched the currently used Chinese nutrient index method by definitely identifying areas with the most serious eutrophication problems,while the nutrient index method gave ambiguous results between the two years.Inclusion of both causative factors and effect factors,combining concentration,spatial coverage and frequency of indicators,as well as use of multi-season monitoring datasets in the methodology result in a more accurate,representative and useful assessment.展开更多
1 INTRODUCTIONMicroemulsion and micelle systems are wide-spread in the industry and agriculture applications,e.g.the petroleum exploitation,food industry chemical engineering and biological engineering,but so far,thei...1 INTRODUCTIONMicroemulsion and micelle systems are wide-spread in the industry and agriculture applications,e.g.the petroleum exploitation,food industry chemical engineering and biological engineering,but so far,their properties are still not very well understood.Both micelle and microemulsion systems are dispersed systems and consist of the aggregationsof the surfactant.The difference between them is that there is dispered liquid phase in the coreof the aggregation in the case of the microemulsion,but in the micelle there is not any展开更多
Purpose. To study the interleukin 1 (IL-1)levels in aqueous humor after transscleral fixation of in- traocular lenses (IOLs) implantation in rabbits and discuss the effect of IL-1 on postoperative anterior ocular infl...Purpose. To study the interleukin 1 (IL-1)levels in aqueous humor after transscleral fixation of in- traocular lenses (IOLs) implantation in rabbits and discuss the effect of IL-1 on postoperative anterior ocular inflammation. Methods. Twenty-seven pigmented rabbits were divided into three groups: GI, transscleral fixation of posterior chamber (PC) IOLs implantation; G2, Lens of rabbits were removed without IOLs implanta- tion; G3, the control group, without surgical intervention. On the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th postoperative days, aqueous humor samples were obtained. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colormetry was used to detected for the presence of IL-1. The data were analyzed by using analysis of variance of SAS soft ware. Results’ It was found that IL-1 level in aqueous humor was increased after transscleral fixation of I- OLs implantation, IL-1 level reached its maximum on the 14th postoperative days in the IOL implanted group. IL-1 levels on 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days postoperatively was significantly higher (P<0. 05) in I- OLs implanted group than that of only extracapsular lenses extraction but no IOLs implantation group and that of the none surgical intervention group. COnclusions.IL-1 levels increased had a close relationship with a specific response to IOL implanta- tion. The increase of IL-1 may be suggested as the principal mediators of immunological and inflammatory responses, so that may play critical role in anterior ocular inflammative response after IOL implantation.展开更多
In this study, the polyacrylate intraocularr lens is irradiated by argon ion which can produce free radicals. In order to obtain better hydrophilic and lower platelets adhesion, monomer vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) is graf...In this study, the polyacrylate intraocularr lens is irradiated by argon ion which can produce free radicals. In order to obtain better hydrophilic and lower platelets adhesion, monomer vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) is grafted onto the hydrophobic polyacrylate intraocular lens surface in a certain reaction conditions. Specific changes in intraocular lens are detected by static contact angle (CA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light transmittance. The results show that this surface modification can greatly improve its hydrophilic character and surface formation.展开更多
The paper presents the results of a two-year research of properties and the way of use of briquettes and pellets made of separated and partially dehydrated digestate from agricultural BGSs （biogas stations）. Digesta...The paper presents the results of a two-year research of properties and the way of use of briquettes and pellets made of separated and partially dehydrated digestate from agricultural BGSs （biogas stations）. Digestate is a by-product of BGS. There are approximately 170 agricultural BGSs operating in the Czech Republic. Unprocessed digestate with the dry mass content around 6% is usually applied to soil as a lighter mineral fertilizer. If digestate is separated and the separated solid component of the digestate is further dehydrated to 14 % moisture, it can be processed by pressing to the form of very solid pellets and briquettes, also with various additives. It was also ascertained that mechanical strength and shape of briquettes does not change due to long-term storage. In this form, the compressed digestate can be used in various ways. One of the ways is its energetic use by direct burning. That is why we have observed its calorific value and combustion heat. Another alternative use of compressed digestate from BGS is its application in targeted treatment of in particular mechanical properties of soil and its water regime. The briquettes and pellets have great water sorption properties--the briquette retains water and as a consequence grows up to four times in size. This specific property was analysed and it was ascertained that the speed of water sorption depends on the composition of the compressed mixture （i.e., the type of material and the size of its particles）, but also on the total weight of the produced briquettes （i.e., their size）. Similar dependency was ascertained for other briquette materials that were analysed.展开更多
Feed restriction is a common practice to reduce post weaning digestive disorders in rabbits and to get carcasses with less fat. Hydric restriction is commonly used to induce feed restriction in growing rabbits. Two hy...Feed restriction is a common practice to reduce post weaning digestive disorders in rabbits and to get carcasses with less fat. Hydric restriction is commonly used to induce feed restriction in growing rabbits. Two hydric restriction times （2 h and 4 h per day, continuously） were used in our trial carried in good sanitary conditions. Thirty six rabbits were divided at weaning （28 days） into three groups： R2 with restricted access to drinking water from 35 days to 80 days age of 2 h per day （from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m.）, R4： access to drinking water 4 h per day （from 8 a.m. to 12 a.m.） and T （control group） with unlimited access to drinking water. Six animals from each group were slaughtered at 80 days of age. Carcass measurements and meat quality were studied. Histological study for kidneys was carried out. Relative weight of gastrointestinal tract increases with the degree of restriction： 16.5, 18.4 and 18.9 for T, R4 and R2, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. Perirenal fat was lower in restricted groups but differences were not statically significant. Scapular fat decreases of 2/3 or 1/3 respectively with limiting access to drinking water of 2 h or 4 h per day. Compared to control group （T）, meat of restricted groups contains more water： 70.3%, 70% and 69.3% respectively for R4, R2 and T （P 〈 0.01）. The same tendency was observed for proteins： 19.2%, 19.3% and 17.7% for groups R2, R4 and T. Fat decreases in meat of restricted animals： 8.4%, 8.2% and 8.1% respectively for T, R4 and R2 （P 〈 0.05）. Water restriction induced decrease of carcass and meat adiposity. There were no differences between pH post mortem and pH ultimate （after 24 h） between the three groups. Hydric restriction does not effect on kidney histology.展开更多
Sewerage systems first appeared in Paris in the middle of 19th century. Even if the majority of structures are still in working order, their general state will deteriorate inexorably, and as reconstruction is not alwa...Sewerage systems first appeared in Paris in the middle of 19th century. Even if the majority of structures are still in working order, their general state will deteriorate inexorably, and as reconstruction is not always possible for cost and social impact reasons, rehabilitation is a solution adopted by many clients. It is necessary to resort to new rehabilitation techniques. Reinforcement by bonding composite materials has many advantages compared to other techniques. The objective of the experimental campaign presented in this paper is to study the addition of a lining by means of mortar reinforced by thin composite materials so as to restore masonry structures. To that purpose, crushing tests on masonry vaults have been carried out. The application of a lining made of mortar reinforced with composite materials has allowed increasing the breaking load and delaying the occurrence of the first cracks. This article presents the characterization of the materials. Moreover, the results of the breaking tests applied to masonry vaults are shown in this paper. A comparison with a traditional type of rehabilitation by a 6 cm-thick shotcrete lining will be performed.展开更多
A new open-framework zincophosphite, Zn2(HPO3)3H2DACH 1, was hydro- thermally synthesized in the presence of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) as structure-directing agent. Its structure was determined by single-crystal X...A new open-framework zincophosphite, Zn2(HPO3)3H2DACH 1, was hydro- thermally synthesized in the presence of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) as structure-directing agent. Its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further characterized by FTIR, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. Crystal data for 1: Mr = 486.88, monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 10.2287(11), b = 9.7624(11), c = 16.1686(18) , b = 92.573(2), V = 1612.9(3) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 2.005 g/cm3, F(000) = 984, = 3.314 mm-1 and S = 1.152. The final R = 0.0473 and wR = 0.1121 for 2456 observed reflections with I > 2s(I). The inorganic layer consisting of four- and eight-membered rings is constructed of alternating ZnO4 tetrahedra and HPO3 pseudo pyramids by sharing vertices. The organic template molecules reside in the interlayer region and interact with the inorganic network through H-bonds.展开更多
The ecosystems of Kaohsiung are rich and diverse. Examples of ecosystems include the tropical rainforest ecology, marine ecology of the coastal forests, and the estuary type ecology of mangrove forests. The Jhong-Dou ...The ecosystems of Kaohsiung are rich and diverse. Examples of ecosystems include the tropical rainforest ecology, marine ecology of the coastal forests, and the estuary type ecology of mangrove forests. The Jhong-Dou Wetland Park is situated in the Jhong-Dou Redevelopment Zone, 2.5km from the Lover River Estuary. This area is defined by brackish aquatic environments--a mixture of fresh and salt water, and fulfills the criteria for mangrove restoration. It is expected that the current restoration project will recreate an epitome of the once-diverse, co-existing mangrove species of Kaohsiung＇s past, and improves upon the functions of environmental education. The initial mangrove species planned for restoration are the existing Kandelia obovata, Rhizophora stylosa, Avicennia marina and the Lumnitzera racemosa populations of the Kaohsiung area. These plants will be placed in experimental habitats that correspond to the unique micro-climates required for the growth of each species, and the mangrove-associated plants will also be restored concurrently in the terrestrial environments behind the mangrove forests. The process of restoration will be monitored by academia, as well as providing reference for subsequent mangrove environment restoration efforts. The main purpose of this research in these four mangrove species of this wetland park is to understand their adaptation to the rehabilitating environment, and be able to feedback these information to the design and maintenance team of the park. The research method is to observe and record their growing status, also execute a survey on the nearby mangrove habitation. The observation has started on December 1 st of 2010, and still has been continued carry on since then. From the research result, it shows that the A vicennia marina （Forsk.） Vierh. and Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. are the two species that had been well adapted to this wetland park. It was recommended to the Kaohsiung City Government that the restoration of the extinct Ceriops tagal and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza can be achieved through foreign species exchanges （the species must be identified before introduction）, and that plans for monitoring the flora and fauna in the park should be drafted to record the ecological alterations of the Jhong-Dou Wetlands. This will pronounce the ecological importance of Kaohsiung on a global, geographical scale. Lastly, the Government should draw up plans of mangrove forest maintenance in order to sustain the ecological and landscape recreational functions of the Jhong-Dou Wetland Park.展开更多
The influence of solvent (in its gaseous state) on the stability of crystallized organic compounds was investigated. Through two examples of studies on the solid/vapour equilibria made in our lab, several behaviors we...The influence of solvent (in its gaseous state) on the stability of crystallized organic compounds was investigated. Through two examples of studies on the solid/vapour equilibria made in our lab, several behaviors were highlighted: (i) a new hydrated phase (thermodynamically stable) of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was detected after the recrystallization starting from a deliquescent state, (ii) a spontaneous resolution of a hydrated racemic compound towards an anhydrous conglomerate can occur during the desolvation under the precise conditions of temperature and humidity. This study illustrates that knowledge about solid/vapour equilibrium is a crucial step during the complete characterization of solid organic compounds.展开更多
Irregular columnar jointed structure is a primary irregular columnar morphological tensile fracture. In order to study the geometric features of irregular columnar joints and the new problems in geotechnical engineeri...Irregular columnar jointed structure is a primary irregular columnar morphological tensile fracture. In order to study the geometric features of irregular columnar joints and the new problems in geotechnical engineering, hydraulic and hydropower engineering caused by columnar jointed basaltic mass, Voronoi graph from geometry was introduced to simulate the irregular columnar jointed basaltic mass at Baihetan hydraulic station. Discrete element software UDEC was used to simulate the whole process of rigid bearing plate test. Anisotropic constitutive of columnar joints was adopted to analyze the stress diffusion of rock mass at dam base of Baihetan. The results show that, the compaction property and hysteresis effect are well simulated based on discrete element simulation of Voronoi joint structure by UDEC. Four stages of cyclic loading and unloading process are imaged clearly. The results from in situ rigid bearing plate tests are explicated and the stress diffusion rule of anisotropic body is affected by structure surface. The elements in the stress state of 4-5 MPa are the most, about more than 35% of the total. Appropriate constitutive must be proposed to columnar jointed rock mass with different styles. It has important significance to realize the nonlinear mechanical behavior of irregular columnar jointed basaltic mass.展开更多
There are potentially huge amounts of water stored in Earth's mantle, and the water solubilities in the silicate minerals range from tens to thousands of part per minion(ppm, part per million). Exploring water in ...There are potentially huge amounts of water stored in Earth's mantle, and the water solubilities in the silicate minerals range from tens to thousands of part per minion(ppm, part per million). Exploring water in the mantle has attracted much attention from the societies of mineralogy and geophysics in recent years. In the subducting slab, serpentine breaks down at high temperature, generating a series of dense hydrous magnesium silicate(DHMS) phases, such as phase A, chondrodite, clinohumite, etc. These phases may serve as carriers of water as hydroxyl into the upper mantle and the mantle transition zone(MTZ). On the other hand, wadsleyite and ringwoodite, polymorphs of olivine, are most the abundant minerals in the MTZ, and able to absorb significant amount of water(up to about 3 wt.% H_2O). Hence, the MTZ becomes a very important layer for water storage in the mantle, and hydration plays important roles in physics and chemistry of the MTZ. In this paper, we will discuss two aspects of hydrous silicate minerals:(1) crystal structures and(2) equations of state(Eo Ss).展开更多
Iron oxide particles with various shapes,sizes and phase concentrations(including--Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) have been synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method in the ethylene glycol(EG)-water system.In the preparation...Iron oxide particles with various shapes,sizes and phase concentrations(including--Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) have been synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method in the ethylene glycol(EG)-water system.In the preparation conditions,ferric chloride(FeCl3.6H2O) was used as the iron source in the presence of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) without any surfactants.By adjusting the experimental parameters(EG/H2O ratio,base content,iron ions concentration,etc.),the shape,the size,the phase and the magnetic property of the products could be easily controlled.The products were characterized by using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).A further investigation revealed that high EG content and high alkaline condition favored the formation of Fe3O4 phase.A possible growth mechanism was proposed based on the experimental results.The magnetic properties were deeply affected by the morphology and phase of the as-synthesized products.The controlled shape,size and phase structure of the iron oxides through simple synthetic procedures provides potential opportunities to realize the promising size and shape-dependent applications.展开更多
Profit from high current gain features, 4 H-Si C power Darlington transistor has the capacity for handling high current transmission. In this paper, monolithic Darlington transistors were fabricated using a simultaneo...Profit from high current gain features, 4 H-Si C power Darlington transistor has the capacity for handling high current transmission. In this paper, monolithic Darlington transistors were fabricated using a simultaneous formation process for both n-type(emitter) and p-type(base) ohmic contact. The isolated device shows current gain of 1061 and 823 with collector current density(JC) increasing from 200 to 800 A/cm2, exhibiting a slight current gain drop at high JC. By extracting the interface state density(Dit) between Si O2 and p-type 4 H-Si C, it is found that this advantage owes to the improvement of the shallow bulk minority carrier lifetime in base region. Furthermore, ISE-TCAD(technology computer aided design) simulation was carried out to study the relationship between base minority lifetime and the current gain, from which the total base minority lifetime is estimated to be 48 ns. The open base breakdown voltage(BVCEO) is 850 V at a leakage current of 2 μA due to the electric filed crowding at the isolation bottom between drive bipolar junction transistor(BJT) and output BJT. To solve this, non-isolated devices were also fabricated with improved BVCEOof 2370 V, indicating the superior potential of 4 H-Si C monolithic Darlington transistors for high power application, while the current gain is deceased to 420, which needs further improvement.展开更多
文摘By analyzing and interpreting the newly acquired seismic profile supported by the national 973 Program and synthesizing the data with other geologic ＆ geographic information, we draw conclusions as follows, a） Two seismic reflections located at the northeast South China Sea （SCS） slope and the Hengchun ridge are the Bottom Simulated Reflections （BSRs）. Yet, the genesis and process of the gas hydrate in these two areas are different because of different regional tectonics and geological environments; b） The genesis of gas hydrate located at the northeast SCS slope area is related to the broadly existing fracture zones, slumping tectosomes, and the distinctive shielding environment of pressure masking field formed by them. But the genesis of the gas hydrate at the Hengchun ridge is associated with the thrust nappe structures and accretionary wedges formed along the Manila subduction zone and the related sub-floor fluid channel system built by them; c） Since the analogous geologic bodies are broadly distributed at slope areas around SCS and the temperature-press environment is very suitable to the formation and conservation of the gas hydrate, we suggest that much more of this resource should be stored in these areas.
文摘Purpose: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) of containing γ-enolase is considered valuable in the diagnosis of tumours of neuroectodermal origin.Method : We used rapid electrophoretic method on cellulose acetate plate to determine the pattern of enolase isoenzymes in 21 aqueous humor and 23 serum specimens from retinoblastoma (Rb) and 21 aqueous and 25 serum specimens from 25 control cases to evaluate NSE in the diagnosis of Rb. The assay allowed assessment of all three major isoenzymes (aa,aγ and γγ),and NSE relative activity and its percentage in the total relative activity of the three enolase isoenzymes were assessed by means of fluorometer.Result: Aqueous from all patients with Rb contained aa,ar and rr isoenzymes and presented strong postitive, the positive rate of NSE being 100% and its relative activity accounting for 45 ± 9% of the total relative activity of the 3 enolase isoenzymes; No enolase was detectable in control aqueous with cataract, glaucoma and Coats's diseases (4 cases),but in two
基金Project (20776016) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (20876109) supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China
文摘Monodisperse ZnxCd1-xS spheres were successfully fabricated with a high yield by a facile hydrothermal route.The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry,scanning electron microscopy and UV-vis diffusion reflectance spectroscopy.The results indicate that all the prepared samples have the same hexagonal wurtzite phase and exhibit good size uniformity and regularity.Degradation of rhodamine-B（RhB） was used to evaluate the photocatalytic activities of ZnxCd1-xS samples.Zn0.4Cd0.6S possessed the best photocatalytic activity and exhibited high stability during the reaction.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina (No. 30571637) the Scientific Research Project ofthe Tenth Five-year Plan of PLA (No. 01MA170)
文摘Objective:To isolate virulent bacteriophage from environment samples and explore the potential way of decontaminating the environmental wastewater. Methods: The standard plaque assay, negative staining transmission electron microscopy (TEM), genome extraction and nucleases test were used to isolate bacteriophages. Then its morphology and characteristics were examined. Results: A novel bacteriophage XY-1 was isolated from a sewage pond in a hospital. It infected and killed 6 E.coli reference strains. The phage had a round head (diameter 40-50 nm), no tail and the genome was ssRNA of approximately 5.0 kb. It was able to reduce E.coli to an extent of 44.63% to 67.00% when being added into the samples of different raw sewage water, depending on the contact time, the temperature and the phage dose. Conclusion: From the morphology typical and nucleotide characteristics (RNA) of the genome of phage, phage XY-1 appears to be closely related to phage f2. It may have some effects for the control of E.coli in sewage water.
文摘AIM:To investigate the safety and efficacy of implant-ing fibrin sealant with sustained-release ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed for pain after laparoscopic chole-cystectomy(LC).METHODS:Sixty patients(American Society of Anes-thesiologists physical status wasⅠorⅡand underwent LC)were randomly divided into three equal groups:group A(implantation of fibrin sealant in the gallbladder bed),group B(implantation of fibrin sealant carrying ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed),and group C(normal saline in the gallbladder bed).Postoperative pain was evaluated,and pain relief was assessed by visual analog scale(VAS)scoring.RESULTS:The findings showed that 81.7%of patients had visceral pain,50%experienced parietal,and 26.7% reported shoulder pain after LC.Visceral pain was significantly less in group B patients than in the other groups(P<0.05),and only one patient in this group experienced shoulder pain.The mean VAS score in group B patients was lower than that in the other groups.CONCLUSION:Visceral pain is prominent after LC and can be effectively controlled by implanting fibrin sealant combined with ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2010CB428706)the Ocean Public Welfare Scientific Research Project,State Oceanic Administration of China(No.201205001)the Special Funds Supporting Project for Construction of"Blue Economic Zone"in Shandong Peninsula of China,and the Fund for Creative Research Groups by NSFC(No.41121064)
文摘An integrated methodology for eutrophication assessment,which integrates both water quality indicators(causative factors) and ecological response indicators(effect factors),is described.It is then applied to rank the eutrophication status of the years 2007 and 2008 in the southwest Bohai Sea.The assessment model identified that north Bohai Bay and west Laizhou Bay were the two areas with the most serious eutrophication problems in the southwest Bohai Sea.In addition,compared to that in the west Laizhou Bay,the eutrophication conditions in the north Bohai Bay was more serious in both years.Eutrophication problems such as harmful algal blooms(HABs) and low dissolved oxygen(DO) events in north Bohai Bay were frequent.The integrated method outmatched the currently used Chinese nutrient index method by definitely identifying areas with the most serious eutrophication problems,while the nutrient index method gave ambiguous results between the two years.Inclusion of both causative factors and effect factors,combining concentration,spatial coverage and frequency of indicators,as well as use of multi-season monitoring datasets in the methodology result in a more accurate,representative and useful assessment.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.29736170).
文摘1 INTRODUCTIONMicroemulsion and micelle systems are wide-spread in the industry and agriculture applications,e.g.the petroleum exploitation,food industry chemical engineering and biological engineering,but so far,their properties are still not very well understood.Both micelle and microemulsion systems are dispersed systems and consist of the aggregationsof the surfactant.The difference between them is that there is dispered liquid phase in the coreof the aggregation in the case of the microemulsion,but in the micelle there is not any
文摘Purpose. To study the interleukin 1 (IL-1)levels in aqueous humor after transscleral fixation of in- traocular lenses (IOLs) implantation in rabbits and discuss the effect of IL-1 on postoperative anterior ocular inflammation. Methods. Twenty-seven pigmented rabbits were divided into three groups: GI, transscleral fixation of posterior chamber (PC) IOLs implantation; G2, Lens of rabbits were removed without IOLs implanta- tion; G3, the control group, without surgical intervention. On the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th postoperative days, aqueous humor samples were obtained. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colormetry was used to detected for the presence of IL-1. The data were analyzed by using analysis of variance of SAS soft ware. Results’ It was found that IL-1 level in aqueous humor was increased after transscleral fixation of I- OLs implantation, IL-1 level reached its maximum on the 14th postoperative days in the IOL implanted group. IL-1 levels on 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days postoperatively was significantly higher (P<0. 05) in I- OLs implanted group than that of only extracapsular lenses extraction but no IOLs implantation group and that of the none surgical intervention group. COnclusions.IL-1 levels increased had a close relationship with a specific response to IOL implanta- tion. The increase of IL-1 may be suggested as the principal mediators of immunological and inflammatory responses, so that may play critical role in anterior ocular inflammative response after IOL implantation.
基金National Natural Science of Foundation of Chinagrant number:81070716
文摘In this study, the polyacrylate intraocularr lens is irradiated by argon ion which can produce free radicals. In order to obtain better hydrophilic and lower platelets adhesion, monomer vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) is grafted onto the hydrophobic polyacrylate intraocular lens surface in a certain reaction conditions. Specific changes in intraocular lens are detected by static contact angle (CA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light transmittance. The results show that this surface modification can greatly improve its hydrophilic character and surface formation.
文摘The paper presents the results of a two-year research of properties and the way of use of briquettes and pellets made of separated and partially dehydrated digestate from agricultural BGSs （biogas stations）. Digestate is a by-product of BGS. There are approximately 170 agricultural BGSs operating in the Czech Republic. Unprocessed digestate with the dry mass content around 6% is usually applied to soil as a lighter mineral fertilizer. If digestate is separated and the separated solid component of the digestate is further dehydrated to 14 % moisture, it can be processed by pressing to the form of very solid pellets and briquettes, also with various additives. It was also ascertained that mechanical strength and shape of briquettes does not change due to long-term storage. In this form, the compressed digestate can be used in various ways. One of the ways is its energetic use by direct burning. That is why we have observed its calorific value and combustion heat. Another alternative use of compressed digestate from BGS is its application in targeted treatment of in particular mechanical properties of soil and its water regime. The briquettes and pellets have great water sorption properties--the briquette retains water and as a consequence grows up to four times in size. This specific property was analysed and it was ascertained that the speed of water sorption depends on the composition of the compressed mixture （i.e., the type of material and the size of its particles）, but also on the total weight of the produced briquettes （i.e., their size）. Similar dependency was ascertained for other briquette materials that were analysed.
文摘Feed restriction is a common practice to reduce post weaning digestive disorders in rabbits and to get carcasses with less fat. Hydric restriction is commonly used to induce feed restriction in growing rabbits. Two hydric restriction times （2 h and 4 h per day, continuously） were used in our trial carried in good sanitary conditions. Thirty six rabbits were divided at weaning （28 days） into three groups： R2 with restricted access to drinking water from 35 days to 80 days age of 2 h per day （from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m.）, R4： access to drinking water 4 h per day （from 8 a.m. to 12 a.m.） and T （control group） with unlimited access to drinking water. Six animals from each group were slaughtered at 80 days of age. Carcass measurements and meat quality were studied. Histological study for kidneys was carried out. Relative weight of gastrointestinal tract increases with the degree of restriction： 16.5, 18.4 and 18.9 for T, R4 and R2, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. Perirenal fat was lower in restricted groups but differences were not statically significant. Scapular fat decreases of 2/3 or 1/3 respectively with limiting access to drinking water of 2 h or 4 h per day. Compared to control group （T）, meat of restricted groups contains more water： 70.3%, 70% and 69.3% respectively for R4, R2 and T （P 〈 0.01）. The same tendency was observed for proteins： 19.2%, 19.3% and 17.7% for groups R2, R4 and T. Fat decreases in meat of restricted animals： 8.4%, 8.2% and 8.1% respectively for T, R4 and R2 （P 〈 0.05）. Water restriction induced decrease of carcass and meat adiposity. There were no differences between pH post mortem and pH ultimate （after 24 h） between the three groups. Hydric restriction does not effect on kidney histology.
文摘Sewerage systems first appeared in Paris in the middle of 19th century. Even if the majority of structures are still in working order, their general state will deteriorate inexorably, and as reconstruction is not always possible for cost and social impact reasons, rehabilitation is a solution adopted by many clients. It is necessary to resort to new rehabilitation techniques. Reinforcement by bonding composite materials has many advantages compared to other techniques. The objective of the experimental campaign presented in this paper is to study the addition of a lining by means of mortar reinforced by thin composite materials so as to restore masonry structures. To that purpose, crushing tests on masonry vaults have been carried out. The application of a lining made of mortar reinforced with composite materials has allowed increasing the breaking load and delaying the occurrence of the first cracks. This article presents the characterization of the materials. Moreover, the results of the breaking tests applied to masonry vaults are shown in this paper. A comparison with a traditional type of rehabilitation by a 6 cm-thick shotcrete lining will be performed.
基金This work was supported by the NNSFC (No. 20271050 and 20171045) the Ministry of China and the Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the NSF(E0210029) of Fujian province.
文摘A new open-framework zincophosphite, Zn2(HPO3)3H2DACH 1, was hydro- thermally synthesized in the presence of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) as structure-directing agent. Its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further characterized by FTIR, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. Crystal data for 1: Mr = 486.88, monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 10.2287(11), b = 9.7624(11), c = 16.1686(18) , b = 92.573(2), V = 1612.9(3) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 2.005 g/cm3, F(000) = 984, = 3.314 mm-1 and S = 1.152. The final R = 0.0473 and wR = 0.1121 for 2456 observed reflections with I > 2s(I). The inorganic layer consisting of four- and eight-membered rings is constructed of alternating ZnO4 tetrahedra and HPO3 pseudo pyramids by sharing vertices. The organic template molecules reside in the interlayer region and interact with the inorganic network through H-bonds.
文摘The ecosystems of Kaohsiung are rich and diverse. Examples of ecosystems include the tropical rainforest ecology, marine ecology of the coastal forests, and the estuary type ecology of mangrove forests. The Jhong-Dou Wetland Park is situated in the Jhong-Dou Redevelopment Zone, 2.5km from the Lover River Estuary. This area is defined by brackish aquatic environments--a mixture of fresh and salt water, and fulfills the criteria for mangrove restoration. It is expected that the current restoration project will recreate an epitome of the once-diverse, co-existing mangrove species of Kaohsiung＇s past, and improves upon the functions of environmental education. The initial mangrove species planned for restoration are the existing Kandelia obovata, Rhizophora stylosa, Avicennia marina and the Lumnitzera racemosa populations of the Kaohsiung area. These plants will be placed in experimental habitats that correspond to the unique micro-climates required for the growth of each species, and the mangrove-associated plants will also be restored concurrently in the terrestrial environments behind the mangrove forests. The process of restoration will be monitored by academia, as well as providing reference for subsequent mangrove environment restoration efforts. The main purpose of this research in these four mangrove species of this wetland park is to understand their adaptation to the rehabilitating environment, and be able to feedback these information to the design and maintenance team of the park. The research method is to observe and record their growing status, also execute a survey on the nearby mangrove habitation. The observation has started on December 1 st of 2010, and still has been continued carry on since then. From the research result, it shows that the A vicennia marina （Forsk.） Vierh. and Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. are the two species that had been well adapted to this wetland park. It was recommended to the Kaohsiung City Government that the restoration of the extinct Ceriops tagal and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza can be achieved through foreign species exchanges （the species must be identified before introduction）, and that plans for monitoring the flora and fauna in the park should be drafted to record the ecological alterations of the Jhong-Dou Wetlands. This will pronounce the ecological importance of Kaohsiung on a global, geographical scale. Lastly, the Government should draw up plans of mangrove forest maintenance in order to sustain the ecological and landscape recreational functions of the Jhong-Dou Wetland Park.
文摘The influence of solvent (in its gaseous state) on the stability of crystallized organic compounds was investigated. Through two examples of studies on the solid/vapour equilibria made in our lab, several behaviors were highlighted: (i) a new hydrated phase (thermodynamically stable) of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was detected after the recrystallization starting from a deliquescent state, (ii) a spontaneous resolution of a hydrated racemic compound towards an anhydrous conglomerate can occur during the desolvation under the precise conditions of temperature and humidity. This study illustrates that knowledge about solid/vapour equilibrium is a crucial step during the complete characterization of solid organic compounds.
基金Projects(50979030, 50911130366) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2009B14014) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China
文摘Irregular columnar jointed structure is a primary irregular columnar morphological tensile fracture. In order to study the geometric features of irregular columnar joints and the new problems in geotechnical engineering, hydraulic and hydropower engineering caused by columnar jointed basaltic mass, Voronoi graph from geometry was introduced to simulate the irregular columnar jointed basaltic mass at Baihetan hydraulic station. Discrete element software UDEC was used to simulate the whole process of rigid bearing plate test. Anisotropic constitutive of columnar joints was adopted to analyze the stress diffusion of rock mass at dam base of Baihetan. The results show that, the compaction property and hysteresis effect are well simulated based on discrete element simulation of Voronoi joint structure by UDEC. Four stages of cyclic loading and unloading process are imaged clearly. The results from in situ rigid bearing plate tests are explicated and the stress diffusion rule of anisotropic body is affected by structure surface. The elements in the stress state of 4-5 MPa are the most, about more than 35% of the total. Appropriate constitutive must be proposed to columnar jointed rock mass with different styles. It has important significance to realize the nonlinear mechanical behavior of irregular columnar jointed basaltic mass.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41590621&41473058)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(Grant No.G1323531512)MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources(Grant No.MSFGPMR07),China University of Geosciences at Wuhan
文摘There are potentially huge amounts of water stored in Earth's mantle, and the water solubilities in the silicate minerals range from tens to thousands of part per minion(ppm, part per million). Exploring water in the mantle has attracted much attention from the societies of mineralogy and geophysics in recent years. In the subducting slab, serpentine breaks down at high temperature, generating a series of dense hydrous magnesium silicate(DHMS) phases, such as phase A, chondrodite, clinohumite, etc. These phases may serve as carriers of water as hydroxyl into the upper mantle and the mantle transition zone(MTZ). On the other hand, wadsleyite and ringwoodite, polymorphs of olivine, are most the abundant minerals in the MTZ, and able to absorb significant amount of water(up to about 3 wt.% H_2O). Hence, the MTZ becomes a very important layer for water storage in the mantle, and hydration plays important roles in physics and chemistry of the MTZ. In this paper, we will discuss two aspects of hydrous silicate minerals:(1) crystal structures and(2) equations of state(Eo Ss).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50832003 and 50972073)
文摘Iron oxide particles with various shapes,sizes and phase concentrations(including--Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) have been synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method in the ethylene glycol(EG)-water system.In the preparation conditions,ferric chloride(FeCl3.6H2O) was used as the iron source in the presence of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) without any surfactants.By adjusting the experimental parameters(EG/H2O ratio,base content,iron ions concentration,etc.),the shape,the size,the phase and the magnetic property of the products could be easily controlled.The products were characterized by using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).A further investigation revealed that high EG content and high alkaline condition favored the formation of Fe3O4 phase.A possible growth mechanism was proposed based on the experimental results.The magnetic properties were deeply affected by the morphology and phase of the as-synthesized products.The controlled shape,size and phase structure of the iron oxides through simple synthetic procedures provides potential opportunities to realize the promising size and shape-dependent applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2016YFB0400500)the National Grid Science&Technology Project(Grant No.5455DW150006)+2 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2017JM6003)the Industrial Research Project of Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2016GY-076)the 111 Project(Grant No.B12026)
文摘Profit from high current gain features, 4 H-Si C power Darlington transistor has the capacity for handling high current transmission. In this paper, monolithic Darlington transistors were fabricated using a simultaneous formation process for both n-type(emitter) and p-type(base) ohmic contact. The isolated device shows current gain of 1061 and 823 with collector current density(JC) increasing from 200 to 800 A/cm2, exhibiting a slight current gain drop at high JC. By extracting the interface state density(Dit) between Si O2 and p-type 4 H-Si C, it is found that this advantage owes to the improvement of the shallow bulk minority carrier lifetime in base region. Furthermore, ISE-TCAD(technology computer aided design) simulation was carried out to study the relationship between base minority lifetime and the current gain, from which the total base minority lifetime is estimated to be 48 ns. The open base breakdown voltage(BVCEO) is 850 V at a leakage current of 2 μA due to the electric filed crowding at the isolation bottom between drive bipolar junction transistor(BJT) and output BJT. To solve this, non-isolated devices were also fabricated with improved BVCEOof 2370 V, indicating the superior potential of 4 H-Si C monolithic Darlington transistors for high power application, while the current gain is deceased to 420, which needs further improvement.
