Traffic simulation models have the potential to provide an objective, cost-effective and flexible approach to assessing system design, traffic operations and management strategies. In that regard, the calibration and ...Traffic simulation models have the potential to provide an objective, cost-effective and flexible approach to assessing system design, traffic operations and management strategies. In that regard, the calibration and validation of simulation model is crucial for appropriate decision making process. This paper presents an application of microscopic simulation model calibration and validation procedure for a multimodal urban traffic network. Model is developed by VISSIM and VISSIG software tools.展开更多
Network and equation-based （EB） models are two prominent methods used in the study of epidemics. While EB models use a global approach to model aggregate population, net- work models focus on the behavior of individ...Network and equation-based （EB） models are two prominent methods used in the study of epidemics. While EB models use a global approach to model aggregate population, net- work models focus on the behavior of individuals in the population. The two approaches have been used in several areas of research, including finance, computer science, social science and epidemiology. In this study, epidemiology is used to contrast EB models with network models. The methods are based on the assumptions and properties of compartmental models. In EB models we solve a system of ordinary differential equations and in network models we simulate the spread of epidemics on contact networks using bond percolation. We examine the impact of network structures on the spread of infection by considering various networks, including Poisson, Erd3s R6nyi, Scale-free, and Watts- Strogatz small-world networks, and discuss how control measures can make use of the network structures. In addition, we simulate EB assumptions on Watts-Strogatz net- works to determine when the results are similar to that of EB models. As a case study, we use data from the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic and that from measles outbreak to validate our results.展开更多
文摘Traffic simulation models have the potential to provide an objective, cost-effective and flexible approach to assessing system design, traffic operations and management strategies. In that regard, the calibration and validation of simulation model is crucial for appropriate decision making process. This paper presents an application of microscopic simulation model calibration and validation procedure for a multimodal urban traffic network. Model is developed by VISSIM and VISSIG software tools.
文摘Network and equation-based （EB） models are two prominent methods used in the study of epidemics. While EB models use a global approach to model aggregate population, net- work models focus on the behavior of individuals in the population. The two approaches have been used in several areas of research, including finance, computer science, social science and epidemiology. In this study, epidemiology is used to contrast EB models with network models. The methods are based on the assumptions and properties of compartmental models. In EB models we solve a system of ordinary differential equations and in network models we simulate the spread of epidemics on contact networks using bond percolation. We examine the impact of network structures on the spread of infection by considering various networks, including Poisson, Erd3s R6nyi, Scale-free, and Watts- Strogatz small-world networks, and discuss how control measures can make use of the network structures. In addition, we simulate EB assumptions on Watts-Strogatz net- works to determine when the results are similar to that of EB models. As a case study, we use data from the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic and that from measles outbreak to validate our results.
