目的建立反相液相色谱-串联质谱法(reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, RPLC-MS/MS)筛选牙鲆鱼(Paralichthys olivaceus)中潜在过敏原。方法采用RPLC-MS/MS技术对牙鲆鱼的蛋白质样品进行蛋...目的建立反相液相色谱-串联质谱法(reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, RPLC-MS/MS)筛选牙鲆鱼(Paralichthys olivaceus)中潜在过敏原。方法采用RPLC-MS/MS技术对牙鲆鱼的蛋白质样品进行蛋白质组学分析。再将牙鲆鱼蛋白质样品在体外模拟胃液中消化,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE)电泳观察不同酶解时间下鱼蛋白的酶解情况,将耐酶解的蛋白通过胶内酶解处理后采用RPLC-MS/MS法进行分析。最后将鉴定到的蛋白质与已知过敏原进行序列同源性分析。结果在SDS-PAGE中酶解时间为3 h时位于40 kDa处的条带仍清晰可见,此处的蛋白为耐酶解的蛋白质,经胶内酶解后共鉴定到5种蛋白质。与已知过敏原蛋白进行蛋白序列同源性分析,牙鲆鱼的原肌球蛋白alpha-1与已知过敏原Ore m4的序列相似度较高。2种蛋白质的一致性和相似性分别为96.5%和97.9%。甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶与已知过敏原Tri a 34序列对比一致性和相似性分别为72%和83%。肌酸激酶1与已知过敏原Penm2序列对比的一致性和相似性分别为42%和63%,2组序列相似度大于35%,说明也具有相似性。结论耐胃蛋白酶酶解的大部分蛋白质是潜在的过敏原,其序列与其他物种已知的蛋白过敏原高度相似。该方法可作为筛选食物中潜在过敏原的一种新方法。展开更多
In recent years (2007 to 2011), although the overall number of rabies cases in China has decreased, there is evidence of emerging or re-emerging cases in regions without previous rabies cases or with low incidence of ...In recent years (2007 to 2011), although the overall number of rabies cases in China has decreased, there is evidence of emerging or re-emerging cases in regions without previous rabies cases or with low incidence of rabies. To investigate the origin and the factors affecting the spread of rabies in China, specimens were collected from 2007 to 2011 from provinces with emerging and re-emerging cases and tested for the presence of the rabies virus. Positive specimens were combined with sequences from GenBank to perform comparisons of homology and functional sites, and to carry out phylogenetic analyses. Out of these regions, five provinces had 9 positive specimens from canine and cattle, and 34 canine or human specimens were obtained from previously high-incidence provinces. Complete sequences of G gene were obtained for these samples. Homology of the sequences of these 43 specimens was 87%-100% at the nucleotide level and 93.7% -100% at the amino acid level. These G gene sequences were combined with reference sequence from GenBank and used to construct a phylogenetic tree. The results showed that 43 specimens were all assigned to China clade I and clade II, with all specimens from emerging and re-emerging areas placed within clade I. Specimens isolated from Shanxi and Inner Mongolia in 2011 were distinct from previously-isolated local strains and had closer homology to strains from Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin whereas new isolates from Shanghai were tightly clustered with strains isolated in the 1990s. Finally, Shaanxi isolates were clustered with strains from adjacent Sichuan. Our results suggest that the rabies cases in emerging and re-emerging areas in China in the last 5 years are a consequence of the epidemic spreading from of neighboring provinces and regions experiencing a serious epidemic of rabies.展开更多
The RNA helicase Vasa is an important regulator of primordial germ cell development. Its function in mature fish, espe- cially the hormone-related differences in maturing male fish has seldom been documented. In this ...The RNA helicase Vasa is an important regulator of primordial germ cell development. Its function in mature fish, espe- cially the hormone-related differences in maturing male fish has seldom been documented. In this study, a full length cDNA sequence of the vasa gene was cloned from Japanese sea bass, Lateolabraxjaponicas, and it was namedjsb-vasa. Homology analysis showed thatjsb-vasa was closely related to its teleost homologs. The spatial distribution ofjsb-vasa indicated that it was only highly ex- pressed in testis, showing its germ cell-specific expression pattern. During the testicular development cycle, jsb-vasa was highly expressed during early period of spermatogenesis, and reduced when spermatogenesis advanced. In addition, the jsb-vasa gene ex- pression was significantly inhibited at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after injecting hCG （human ehorionic gonadotropin） and GnRHa （Gonad- otropin-releasing hormone analogue）, indicating thatjsb-vasa gene may play an important role in spermatogenesis of Japanese sea bass, and be under the regulation of external sex hormones.展开更多
The complex transformation of a tadpole to a frogduring amphibian development is under the control of thyroid hormone (T3). T3 is known to regulate gene transcription through its nuclear receptors. We have previouslyi...The complex transformation of a tadpole to a frogduring amphibian development is under the control of thyroid hormone (T3). T3 is known to regulate gene transcription through its nuclear receptors. We have previouslyisolated many genes which are up-regulated by T3 in theintestine of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. We have now cloneda full- length cDNA for one such gene (IU12). Sequenceanalysis shows that the IU12 cDNA encodes a plasmamembrane protein with 12 transmembrane domains andhomologous to a mammalian gene associated with cell activation and organ development. Similarly, we have foundthat IU12 is activated during intestinal remodeling whenboth cell death and proliferation take place. Furthermore,IU12 is an early T3-response gene and its expression in theintestine during T3-induced metamorphosis mimics thatduring normal development. These results argue for a roleof IU12 in the signal transduction pathways leading to intestinal metamorphosis.展开更多
Preproapamin genes were amplified by RT-PCR from total RNA from the venom glands of 2 honeybee species, Apis mellifera, A. cerana cerana, and 4 wasp species, Vespa magnifica, V. velutina nigrothorax and Polistes hebra...Preproapamin genes were amplified by RT-PCR from total RNA from the venom glands of 2 honeybee species, Apis mellifera, A. cerana cerana, and 4 wasp species, Vespa magnifica, V. velutina nigrothorax and Polistes hebraeus, respectively. Their PCR products were ligated into pGEM -T easy vector and the nucleotide sequences analyzed. The six fragments were all 141?bp in length and contained a n ORF coding the precursor of apamin. The apamin precursors of V. magnifica, V. velutina nigrothorax and P. hebraeus had 95% and 93% similarity with that of A. melliera in nucleotide and amino acid sequences, respectively. That of Vespu la maculifrons was identical to that of A. mellifera in nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Apamin precursors of V. magnifica, P. hebraeus and V. velutina nigrothorax also had the same nucleotide sequences. The nucleotide sequences o f preproapamin genes from the Chinese honeybee, A. cerana cerana and 4 wasp sp ecies are described for the first time. A notable discovery was that the wasps species had exactly same apamins as the honeybees despite the fact they belong to different insect families.展开更多
文摘目的建立反相液相色谱-串联质谱法(reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, RPLC-MS/MS)筛选牙鲆鱼(Paralichthys olivaceus)中潜在过敏原。方法采用RPLC-MS/MS技术对牙鲆鱼的蛋白质样品进行蛋白质组学分析。再将牙鲆鱼蛋白质样品在体外模拟胃液中消化,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE)电泳观察不同酶解时间下鱼蛋白的酶解情况,将耐酶解的蛋白通过胶内酶解处理后采用RPLC-MS/MS法进行分析。最后将鉴定到的蛋白质与已知过敏原进行序列同源性分析。结果在SDS-PAGE中酶解时间为3 h时位于40 kDa处的条带仍清晰可见,此处的蛋白为耐酶解的蛋白质,经胶内酶解后共鉴定到5种蛋白质。与已知过敏原蛋白进行蛋白序列同源性分析,牙鲆鱼的原肌球蛋白alpha-1与已知过敏原Ore m4的序列相似度较高。2种蛋白质的一致性和相似性分别为96.5%和97.9%。甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶与已知过敏原Tri a 34序列对比一致性和相似性分别为72%和83%。肌酸激酶1与已知过敏原Penm2序列对比的一致性和相似性分别为42%和63%,2组序列相似度大于35%,说明也具有相似性。结论耐胃蛋白酶酶解的大部分蛋白质是潜在的过敏原,其序列与其他物种已知的蛋白过敏原高度相似。该方法可作为筛选食物中潜在过敏原的一种新方法。
基金National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation (201103032)Pathogens Network Monitoring Technology Research (2008ZX10004-008)
文摘In recent years (2007 to 2011), although the overall number of rabies cases in China has decreased, there is evidence of emerging or re-emerging cases in regions without previous rabies cases or with low incidence of rabies. To investigate the origin and the factors affecting the spread of rabies in China, specimens were collected from 2007 to 2011 from provinces with emerging and re-emerging cases and tested for the presence of the rabies virus. Positive specimens were combined with sequences from GenBank to perform comparisons of homology and functional sites, and to carry out phylogenetic analyses. Out of these regions, five provinces had 9 positive specimens from canine and cattle, and 34 canine or human specimens were obtained from previously high-incidence provinces. Complete sequences of G gene were obtained for these samples. Homology of the sequences of these 43 specimens was 87%-100% at the nucleotide level and 93.7% -100% at the amino acid level. These G gene sequences were combined with reference sequence from GenBank and used to construct a phylogenetic tree. The results showed that 43 specimens were all assigned to China clade I and clade II, with all specimens from emerging and re-emerging areas placed within clade I. Specimens isolated from Shanxi and Inner Mongolia in 2011 were distinct from previously-isolated local strains and had closer homology to strains from Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin whereas new isolates from Shanghai were tightly clustered with strains isolated in the 1990s. Finally, Shaanxi isolates were clustered with strains from adjacent Sichuan. Our results suggest that the rabies cases in emerging and re-emerging areas in China in the last 5 years are a consequence of the epidemic spreading from of neighboring provinces and regions experiencing a serious epidemic of rabies.
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(2011BAD13B03)
文摘The RNA helicase Vasa is an important regulator of primordial germ cell development. Its function in mature fish, espe- cially the hormone-related differences in maturing male fish has seldom been documented. In this study, a full length cDNA sequence of the vasa gene was cloned from Japanese sea bass, Lateolabraxjaponicas, and it was namedjsb-vasa. Homology analysis showed thatjsb-vasa was closely related to its teleost homologs. The spatial distribution ofjsb-vasa indicated that it was only highly ex- pressed in testis, showing its germ cell-specific expression pattern. During the testicular development cycle, jsb-vasa was highly expressed during early period of spermatogenesis, and reduced when spermatogenesis advanced. In addition, the jsb-vasa gene ex- pression was significantly inhibited at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after injecting hCG （human ehorionic gonadotropin） and GnRHa （Gonad- otropin-releasing hormone analogue）, indicating thatjsb-vasa gene may play an important role in spermatogenesis of Japanese sea bass, and be under the regulation of external sex hormones.
文摘The complex transformation of a tadpole to a frogduring amphibian development is under the control of thyroid hormone (T3). T3 is known to regulate gene transcription through its nuclear receptors. We have previouslyisolated many genes which are up-regulated by T3 in theintestine of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. We have now cloneda full- length cDNA for one such gene (IU12). Sequenceanalysis shows that the IU12 cDNA encodes a plasmamembrane protein with 12 transmembrane domains andhomologous to a mammalian gene associated with cell activation and organ development. Similarly, we have foundthat IU12 is activated during intestinal remodeling whenboth cell death and proliferation take place. Furthermore,IU12 is an early T3-response gene and its expression in theintestine during T3-induced metamorphosis mimics thatduring normal development. These results argue for a roleof IU12 in the signal transduction pathways leading to intestinal metamorphosis.
文摘Preproapamin genes were amplified by RT-PCR from total RNA from the venom glands of 2 honeybee species, Apis mellifera, A. cerana cerana, and 4 wasp species, Vespa magnifica, V. velutina nigrothorax and Polistes hebraeus, respectively. Their PCR products were ligated into pGEM -T easy vector and the nucleotide sequences analyzed. The six fragments were all 141?bp in length and contained a n ORF coding the precursor of apamin. The apamin precursors of V. magnifica, V. velutina nigrothorax and P. hebraeus had 95% and 93% similarity with that of A. melliera in nucleotide and amino acid sequences, respectively. That of Vespu la maculifrons was identical to that of A. mellifera in nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Apamin precursors of V. magnifica, P. hebraeus and V. velutina nigrothorax also had the same nucleotide sequences. The nucleotide sequences o f preproapamin genes from the Chinese honeybee, A. cerana cerana and 4 wasp sp ecies are described for the first time. A notable discovery was that the wasps species had exactly same apamins as the honeybees despite the fact they belong to different insect families.
