In order to improve the purchased goods quality management level of food processing enterprises, the causes of quality management problems were ana- lyzed, which were classified into four categories, namely, natural t...In order to improve the purchased goods quality management level of food processing enterprises, the causes of quality management problems were ana- lyzed, which were classified into four categories, namely, natural toxins in raw ma- terials, quality problems in planting and breeding, quality problems in transportation, quality problems in delivery acceptance. Then, based on the causes, eight measures to improve goods purchasing management were put forward, and graphs were used to illustrate the corresponding countermeasure to each cause. This study is of theo- retical significance for the food processing enterprises to improve the quality man- agement of purchased goods through formulating improvement measures based on their operating states.展开更多
Influences of some electrolyte impurities within starch and starch cationization on the adhesion of quaternary ammonium cornstarch to cotton and polyester fibers were investigated. The electrolytes considered incl...Influences of some electrolyte impurities within starch and starch cationization on the adhesion of quaternary ammonium cornstarch to cotton and polyester fibers were investigated. The electrolytes considered included NaCI, Na2SO4, NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4. The adhesion to fibers was evaluated in terms of maximum strength and work-to-break of the roving sized with the starch pastes containing electrolytes. It was found that the cationization showed a positive effect on the adhesion to both fibers whereas the electrolytes gave an adverse effect and reduced the adhesion. The adverse effect depends on the type and amount of electrolytes. The influence of electrolytes on the adhesion can be ranked in a series of NaH2PO4〉 Na2 HPO4〉 Na2SO4 〉 NaCl. The adhesion enhances as the modification extent increases and the electrolyte content decreases. Furthermore, the adverse effect can be compensated by the positive effect of the starch modification even at a low modification extent. If the electrolytes are fully eliminated, the cationic starch can increase the adhesion strength by more than 10% for both fibers.展开更多
This paper introduces the identification of the defects on the fabric by using two-double neural network and wavelet analysis. The purpose is to fit for the automatic cloth inspection system and to avoid the disadvant...This paper introduces the identification of the defects on the fabric by using two-double neural network and wavelet analysis. The purpose is to fit for the automatic cloth inspection system and to avoid the disadvantages of traditional human inspection. Firstly, training the normal fabric to acquire its characteristics and then using the BP neural network to tell the normal fabric apart from the one with defects. Secondly, doing the two-dimeusional discrete wavelet transformation based on the image of the defects, then wiping off the proper characteristics of the fabric, and identifying the defects utilizing the trained BP neural network. It is proved that this method is of high speed and accuracy. It comes up to the requirement of automatic cloth inspection.展开更多
Materials and energy are transferred between natural and industrial systems, providing a standard that can be used to deduce the interactions between these systems, An examination of these flows is an essen- tial part...Materials and energy are transferred between natural and industrial systems, providing a standard that can be used to deduce the interactions between these systems, An examination of these flows is an essen- tial part of the conversation on how industry impacts the environment, We propose that biological sys- tems, which embody sustainability, provide methods and principles that can lead to more useful ways to organize industrial activity, Transposing these biological methods to steel manufacturing is manifested through an efficient use of available materials, waste reduction, and decreased energy demand with cur- rently available technology, In this paper, we use ecological metrics to examine the change in structure and flows of materials in the Chinese steel industry over time by means of a systems-based mass flow analysis, Utilizing available data, the results of our analysis indicate that the Chinese steel manufacturing industry has increased its efficiency and sustainable use of resources over time at the unit process level, However, the appropriate organization of the steel production ecosystem remains a work in progress, Our results suggest that through the intelligent placement of cooperative industries, which can utilize the waste generated from steel manufacturing, the future of the Chinese steel industry can better reflect ecosystem maturity and health while minimizing waste.展开更多
Brine is a solution of salt （usually sodium chloride） in water. In different contexts, brine may refer to salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% （a typical concentration of seawater, or the lower end of solutions u...Brine is a solution of salt （usually sodium chloride） in water. In different contexts, brine may refer to salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% （a typical concentration of seawater, or the lower end of solutions used for brining foods） up to about 26% （a typical saturated solution, depending on temperature）. Adsorption onto activated carbon is the most widespread technology for the removal of pollutants from water and wastewaters. In this study, continuous fixed-bed-column systems were investigated. The adsorbents which authors use are： spruce （Picea abies） untreated, spruce modified by autohydrolysis. The column systems were filed with biomass at various initial dye concentrations, flow rates and bed-depths. The column kinetics of MB （Methylene Blue） adsorption on spruce （Picea abies） untreated, spruce modified by autohydrolysis was simulated. Economies arise when the facility that can use such adsorption materials is near a source of a lignocellulosic waste as agricultural residues, thus saving transportation cost and contributing to industrial ecology at local level.展开更多
Silica materials are located in various regions of Libya in large quantities and different mining conditions, so the purpose of this study is silica materials in the south-west of the Libyan region Edree in terms of q...Silica materials are located in various regions of Libya in large quantities and different mining conditions, so the purpose of this study is silica materials in the south-west of the Libyan region Edree in terms of quality and the possibility of using in various engineering industries, particularly construction. The results show that the sands of silica presented in Edree area are of a high degree of purity, as the percentage of silicon （SIO2） reached 99.5%, the percentage of impurities was negligible and represented in some chemical elements in different proportions, such as calcium 0.224%, sodium 0.004%, iron 0.0006%, zinc 0.0003%, boron 0.0003%, potassium 0.0001%, manganese 0.0001% and magnesium 0.0001%, making these materials very suitable in the manufacture of all types of glass, crystal and semi-crystalline high-quality without needing any important treatment, as well as its suitability as a refinement in manufacture of templates metal castings in addition to the possibility of use in the manufacture of cement, building materials and as a filler in paint and brick making and sand and concrete elements can also be used in electronic industries. A geological material of silica present in the form of a sequence of layers of clay and thin layers of sand stone and a large stock of high-quality near the surface, making mining operations of the type of surface and reduces the cost of extraction.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Scientific Research Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education in 2013~~
文摘In order to improve the purchased goods quality management level of food processing enterprises, the causes of quality management problems were ana- lyzed, which were classified into four categories, namely, natural toxins in raw ma- terials, quality problems in planting and breeding, quality problems in transportation, quality problems in delivery acceptance. Then, based on the causes, eight measures to improve goods purchasing management were put forward, and graphs were used to illustrate the corresponding countermeasure to each cause. This study is of theo- retical significance for the food processing enterprises to improve the quality man- agement of purchased goods through formulating improvement measures based on their operating states.
基金The Foundation for the Talents by Anhui Province,China(No.2002Z036)
文摘Influences of some electrolyte impurities within starch and starch cationization on the adhesion of quaternary ammonium cornstarch to cotton and polyester fibers were investigated. The electrolytes considered included NaCI, Na2SO4, NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4. The adhesion to fibers was evaluated in terms of maximum strength and work-to-break of the roving sized with the starch pastes containing electrolytes. It was found that the cationization showed a positive effect on the adhesion to both fibers whereas the electrolytes gave an adverse effect and reduced the adhesion. The adverse effect depends on the type and amount of electrolytes. The influence of electrolytes on the adhesion can be ranked in a series of NaH2PO4〉 Na2 HPO4〉 Na2SO4 〉 NaCl. The adhesion enhances as the modification extent increases and the electrolyte content decreases. Furthermore, the adverse effect can be compensated by the positive effect of the starch modification even at a low modification extent. If the electrolytes are fully eliminated, the cationic starch can increase the adhesion strength by more than 10% for both fibers.
文摘This paper introduces the identification of the defects on the fabric by using two-double neural network and wavelet analysis. The purpose is to fit for the automatic cloth inspection system and to avoid the disadvantages of traditional human inspection. Firstly, training the normal fabric to acquire its characteristics and then using the BP neural network to tell the normal fabric apart from the one with defects. Secondly, doing the two-dimeusional discrete wavelet transformation based on the image of the defects, then wiping off the proper characteristics of the fabric, and identifying the defects utilizing the trained BP neural network. It is proved that this method is of high speed and accuracy. It comes up to the requirement of automatic cloth inspection.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation (CBET-1510531 and EFMA-1441208)
文摘Materials and energy are transferred between natural and industrial systems, providing a standard that can be used to deduce the interactions between these systems, An examination of these flows is an essen- tial part of the conversation on how industry impacts the environment, We propose that biological sys- tems, which embody sustainability, provide methods and principles that can lead to more useful ways to organize industrial activity, Transposing these biological methods to steel manufacturing is manifested through an efficient use of available materials, waste reduction, and decreased energy demand with cur- rently available technology, In this paper, we use ecological metrics to examine the change in structure and flows of materials in the Chinese steel industry over time by means of a systems-based mass flow analysis, Utilizing available data, the results of our analysis indicate that the Chinese steel manufacturing industry has increased its efficiency and sustainable use of resources over time at the unit process level, However, the appropriate organization of the steel production ecosystem remains a work in progress, Our results suggest that through the intelligent placement of cooperative industries, which can utilize the waste generated from steel manufacturing, the future of the Chinese steel industry can better reflect ecosystem maturity and health while minimizing waste.
文摘Brine is a solution of salt （usually sodium chloride） in water. In different contexts, brine may refer to salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% （a typical concentration of seawater, or the lower end of solutions used for brining foods） up to about 26% （a typical saturated solution, depending on temperature）. Adsorption onto activated carbon is the most widespread technology for the removal of pollutants from water and wastewaters. In this study, continuous fixed-bed-column systems were investigated. The adsorbents which authors use are： spruce （Picea abies） untreated, spruce modified by autohydrolysis. The column systems were filed with biomass at various initial dye concentrations, flow rates and bed-depths. The column kinetics of MB （Methylene Blue） adsorption on spruce （Picea abies） untreated, spruce modified by autohydrolysis was simulated. Economies arise when the facility that can use such adsorption materials is near a source of a lignocellulosic waste as agricultural residues, thus saving transportation cost and contributing to industrial ecology at local level.
文摘Silica materials are located in various regions of Libya in large quantities and different mining conditions, so the purpose of this study is silica materials in the south-west of the Libyan region Edree in terms of quality and the possibility of using in various engineering industries, particularly construction. The results show that the sands of silica presented in Edree area are of a high degree of purity, as the percentage of silicon （SIO2） reached 99.5%, the percentage of impurities was negligible and represented in some chemical elements in different proportions, such as calcium 0.224%, sodium 0.004%, iron 0.0006%, zinc 0.0003%, boron 0.0003%, potassium 0.0001%, manganese 0.0001% and magnesium 0.0001%, making these materials very suitable in the manufacture of all types of glass, crystal and semi-crystalline high-quality without needing any important treatment, as well as its suitability as a refinement in manufacture of templates metal castings in addition to the possibility of use in the manufacture of cement, building materials and as a filler in paint and brick making and sand and concrete elements can also be used in electronic industries. A geological material of silica present in the form of a sequence of layers of clay and thin layers of sand stone and a large stock of high-quality near the surface, making mining operations of the type of surface and reduces the cost of extraction.
